考研考博-英語-安徽綠海商務(wù)職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解2

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-安徽綠海商務(wù)職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Youngpeoplearenot______tostandandlookatworksofart;theywantarttheycanparticipatein.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.conservative

B.content

C.confident

D.generous

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】考查定語從句。A選項(xiàng)conservative“保守的”；B選項(xiàng)content“滿意的”；C選項(xiàng)confident“自信的”；D選項(xiàng)generous“慷慨的”。句意：年輕人不______站在那里觀看藝術(shù)作品；他們想要的是可以參與的藝術(shù)。根據(jù)語境，這里指的是不想止步于觀看藝術(shù)作品，而是想要參與其中，B選項(xiàng)content“滿意的”符合題意。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

2.寫作題

Writeanessayof160一200wordsbasedonthefollowingdrawing.Inyouressay,youshould

1)describethedrawingbriefly;

2)explainitsintendedmeaning,andthen3)giveyourcomments.

YoushouldwriteneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.(20points)

【答案】Asisshownabove,inthemiddleofthepicturestandafatherandhisson,withhissonwearingthecostumeandtellinghisfatherthatmanystudentsconsiderthatsingingChineseoperaisnotinteresting,whilehisfathergivessomeencouragementtohisson,sayingthat“Thatisenoughaslongasyouloveit.”Simpleasthepictureis,thesymbolicmeaningisratherdeepandprofound.

Thispicturemayaimatillustratingtheimportanceofhavingadream.Againsttheunendingchallengesoflife,itisoftenthosewhostrugglewithanexplicitdreamregardlessofresistancethatcomeoutaswinners.Withapowerfuldream,wecanaccomplishgreatthings.Ourlifehasbeenfilledwithavariousexamplesoftheimportanceofhavingadream,withthefollowingonebeingtheforemost.Einstein,anextremelyeminentphysicist,hasmadegreatachievementsinnuclearenergy.Meanwhile,hefirmlybelievesitishisdreamthatdeterminethedirectionofhiseffortsandjudgement.Withouthisdream,hecouldnothavebecomeanincrediblysuccessfulphysicist.

Fromwhathasbeendiscussedabove,wemayconfidentlydrawtheconclusionthathavingadreamshouldbeadvocated.Everyoneissupposedtohaveourowndreamandsparesnoeffortstoachieveit.Weshallalsobearinmindthatonlybyvirtueofapowerfuldreamcanweovercomealldifficultiesandbeawardedwithsuccess.

【解析】如上圖所示，畫面中央站著一對(duì)父子，兒子穿著戲服，對(duì)父親說，很多學(xué)生認(rèn)為唱中國(guó)戲曲沒意思，而父親則給兒子一些鼓勵(lì)，說“只要你喜歡就夠了”。畫面很簡(jiǎn)單，但它的象征意義是相當(dāng)深遠(yuǎn)的。

這張圖片旨在說明擁有夢(mèng)想的重要性。面對(duì)生活中無休止的挑戰(zhàn)，往往是那些不顧一切地為一個(gè)明確的夢(mèng)想而奮斗的人最終成為贏家。擁有強(qiáng)大的夢(mèng)想，我們就能完成偉大的事情。我們的生活中充滿了各種各樣的例子來說明擁有夢(mèng)想的重要性，下面的例子是最重要的。愛因斯坦是一位非常杰出的物理學(xué)家，他在核能方面取得了巨大的成就。同時(shí)，他堅(jiān)信正是他的夢(mèng)想決定了他努力和判斷的方向。如果沒有夢(mèng)想，他不可能成為一個(gè)非常成功的物理學(xué)家。

通過以上討論，我們可以自信地得出這樣的結(jié)論：擁有夢(mèng)想應(yīng)該被提倡。每個(gè)人都應(yīng)該有自己的夢(mèng)想，并不遺余力地去實(shí)現(xiàn)它。我們也要牢記，只有擁有強(qiáng)大的夢(mèng)想，我們才能克服一切困難，獲得成功。

3.單選題

Ithasalwaysbeendifficultforthephilosopherorscientisttofittimeintohisviewoftheuniverse.PriortoEinsteinianphysics,therewasnotrulyadequateformulationoftherelationshipoftimetootherforcesintheuniverse,eventhoughsomeempiricalequationsincludedtimequantities.However,eventheEinsteinianformulationisnotperhapstotallyadequatetothejoboffittingtimeintotheproperrelationshipwiththeotherdimensions,astheyarecalled,ofspace.Theprimaryproblemarisesinrelationtothingswhichmightbegoingfasterthanthespeedoflight,orhaveotherstrangeproperties.

ExaminationoftheLorentz-Fitzgeraldformulasyieldstheinterestingspeculationthatifsomethingdidactuallyexceedthespeedoflightitwouldhaveitsmassexpressedasanimaginarynumberandwouldseemtobegoingbackwardsintime.Thebarriertoexceedingthespeedoflightisanapparentneedtohaveaninfinitequantityofmassmovedatexactlythespeedoflight.Ifthissituationcouldbeleapedoverinalargequantumjump-whichseemshighlyunlikelyformassesthatarelargeinnormalcircumstances-thentheothersidemaybeachievable.

Theideaofgoingbackwardsintimeisderivedfromtheexistenceofatimevectorthatisnegative,althoughjustwhatthismightmeantooursensesintheunlikelycircumstanceofourexperiencingthisstatecannotbeconjectured.Therehavebeen,infact,someobservationsofparticlechamberswhichhaveleadsomescientiststospeculatethataparticlecalledthetachyonmayexistwiththetans-lightpropertieswehavejustdiscussed.

Thedifficultiesofimaginingandcopingwiththesepotentialimplicationsofourmathematicalmodelspointsouttheimportanceofstudyingalternativemethodsofnotationforadvancedphysics.ProfessorZuckerkandl,inhisbookSoundandSymbol,hypothesizesthatitmightbebettertoexpresstherelationshipsfoundinquantummechanicsthroughtheuseofanotationderivedfrommusicalnotations.Tooversimplifygreatly,hearguesthatmusichasalwaysgivenparametersordimensions.Therefore,itmightbeamoreusefullanguageinwhichtoexpresstherelationshipsinphysicswheretimeagainhasaspecialroletoplay,andcannotbetreatedasjustanotherdimension.

Thepointofthis,oranyotheralternativetothecurrentmethodsofdescribingbasicphysicalprocesses,isthattimedoesnotappear-eitherbycommonexperienceorsophisticatedscientificunderstanding-tobethesamesortofdimensionorparameterasphysicaldimensions,andisdeservingofcompletelyspecialtreatment,inasystemofnotationdesignedtoaccomplishthatgoal.

Oneapproachwouldbetoconsidertimetobeafieldeffectgovernedbytheapplicationofenergytomass-thatistosay,bytheinteractionofdifferentformsofenergy,ifyouwishtokeepinmindtheequivalenceofmassandenergy.Themovementofanynormalsortofmassisboundtoproduceafieldeffectthatwecallpositivetime.Animaginarymasswouldproduceanegativetimefieldeffect.ThisisnotatvariancewithEinstein’stheories,sincethe“faster”agivenmassmovesthemoreenergywasappliedtoitandthegreaterwouldbethefieldeffect.ThetimeeffectspredictedbyEinsteinandconfirmedbyexperienceare,itseem,consonantwiththisconcept.

1.Thepassagesupportstheinferencethat（）.

2.Thecentralideaofthepassagecanbebestdescribedasbeingwhichofthefollowing?

3.Accordingtotheauthor,itistoosoonto（）.

4.ItcanbeinferredthattheauthorseesZuckerkandlasbelievingthatmathematicsisa(n)（）.

5.Inthefirstsentence,theauthorrefersto“philosopher”aswellasto“scientist”because（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Einstein’stheoryofrelativelyiswrong

B.timetravelisclearlypossible

C.tachyonsdonothavethesamesortofmassasanyotherparticles

D.itisimpossibletotravelatpreciselythespeedoflight

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Newobservationsrequirethedevelopmentofnewtheoriesandnewmethodsofdescribingthenewtheories.

B.Einsteinianphysicscanbemuchimprovedoninitstreatmentoftachyons.

C.Zuckerkandl’stheoriesoftachyonformationarepreferabletoEinstein’s.

D.Anomaliesintheoreticalphysicsnotationpermitintriguinghypothesesandindicatetheneedforrefinednotationofthetimedimension.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.callBeethovenaphysicist.

B.planfortimetravel.

C.adoptproposalssuchasZuckerkandl’s

D.attempttoimprovecurrentnotation.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.difficultfieldofstudy.

B.language.

C.necessaryevil.

D.greathindrancetofullunderstanding.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.thisispartofalargerwork.

B.thenatureoftimeisabasicquestioninphilosophyaswellasphysics.

C.physicistsgetDoctorofPhilosophydegrees.

D.thestudyofthemethodsofanyfieldisaphilosophicalquestion.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段，“Thebarriertoexceedingthespeedoflightisanapparentneedtohaveaninfinitequantityofmassmovedatexactlythespeedoflight.Ifthissituationcouldbeleapedoverinalargequantumjump-whichseemshighlyunlikely…”，可知超過光速的障礙顯然是需要有一個(gè)無限大的質(zhì)量以光速運(yùn)動(dòng)。如果這種情況可以通過一個(gè)巨大的量子躍遷來跨越——這似乎極不可能的?？膳袛喑鲆怨馑龠\(yùn)動(dòng)是不可能的。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

2.主旨題。文章第一段提到總是難以讓時(shí)間符合科學(xué)家和哲學(xué)家的宇宙觀，即使愛因斯坦的公式也不能完全解釋其中的關(guān)系。如果存在超過光速的物質(zhì)，它可能會(huì)落后于時(shí)間。下文繼續(xù)提到了新的理論提出如何解決其中的問題，并且與愛因斯坦的理論并不矛盾?？膳袛喑霰疚牡闹行乃枷胧切碌挠^察需要發(fā)展新的理論和描述新理論的新方法。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

3.推斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段，“Theideaofgoingbackwardsintimeisderivedfromtheexistenceofatimevectorthatisnegative,althoughjustwhatthismightmeantooursensesintheunlikelycircumstanceofourexperiencingthisstatecannotbeconjectured.”，可知時(shí)間倒流的概念來自于一個(gè)負(fù)的時(shí)間矢量的存在，盡管我們無法推測(cè)這對(duì)我們的感官意味著什么，當(dāng)我們經(jīng)歷這種狀態(tài)的不太可能的情況的時(shí)候，可知人們現(xiàn)階段難以實(shí)現(xiàn)時(shí)間旅行?？赏茢喑鲇?jì)劃時(shí)間旅行還為時(shí)過早。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段，“Therefore,itmightbeamoreusefullanguageinwhichtoexpresstherelationshipsinphysicswheretimeagainhasaspecialroletoplay,andcannotbetreatedasjustanotherdimension.”，可知他認(rèn)為數(shù)學(xué)可能是一種更有用的語言，用來表達(dá)物理中的關(guān)系，在物理中，時(shí)間再次扮演著特殊的角色，而不能僅僅被視為另一個(gè)維度?？赏茢喑鯶uckerkandl認(rèn)為數(shù)學(xué)是一種語言。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

5.推斷題。根據(jù)文章第一句，“Ithasalwaysbeendifficultforthephilosopherorscientisttofittimeintohisviewoftheuniverse.”，可知對(duì)哲學(xué)家或科學(xué)家來說，要把時(shí)間融入宇宙觀中一直是困難的?？赏茢喑鰰r(shí)間的本質(zhì)是哲學(xué)和物理學(xué)中的一個(gè)基本問題。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

4.單選題

Towriteasummaryeffectively,youwillneedto—（）wordsforphrases,phrasesforsentences,andgeneralentrancesforlistsofdetails.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.convert

B.complement

C.substitute

D.constitute

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。convert轉(zhuǎn)換,使轉(zhuǎn)變；complement補(bǔ)足，補(bǔ)助；substitute代替；constitute組成，構(gòu)成。substitutefor代替。句意：為了寫好一篇摘要，你需要用單詞替代短語，用短語替代句子，用主旨替代細(xì)節(jié)。故C項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

Inmoderndays,onthewesternbankoftheupperTigrisRiverstandsanIraqicitycalledQal’atShartlat.Thousandsofyearsago,thisverysitewasoncethecapitalofagreatMesopotamianempire.Atthetime,theplacehadadifferentname.ItwascalledAshurorArrur.ThewordAshureventuallygaverisetotheteamAssyria,whichwasthenorthernpartofMesopotamia.PeoplelivinginthatregionlaterbecameknownastheAssyrians.

HistoriansoftendividethelonghistoryofAssyriaintothreeperiodseventhoughtheycannotreachaconsensusovertheexactdatesofeachera.ThethreeperiodswastheOldAssyrianPeriod(circa2000B.C.—1400B.C.),theMiddleAssyrianPeriod(circa1365B.C.—1100B.C.)andtheNeo-AssyrianEmpire(circa934B.C.—609B.C.).

ArchaeologicalevidenceshowedthatpeoplebegantosettleinAshurasearlyas2500B.C.ButitdidnotattainanypoliticalsignificanceuntilthethirddynastyofUrcollapsedin2004B.C.Afterthatfiasco,theAssyrianstransformedtheAshurintoabustlingcommercialcenter,controllingtraderoutestoandfromAnatolia.In1813B.C.,thefirstgreatAssyrianking,Shamshi-AdadI,ascendedthethroneandbeganaseriesofmilitaryexpansions.Attheheightofhisreign,hiskingdomownedtheentirenorthernMesopotamia.Itsgrowinginfluencegaveitsneighborplentyofreasonstobewary.WhilethingsweregoingsplendidlyforthisAssyrianupstart,Shamshi-Adadpassedawayin1791B.C.Soonafterhisdeath,thekingdombegantofallapart.KnowingthattheShamshi-Adad5sempirewasonthevergeofcollapse,Hammurabiofthe1stdynastyofBabylonjumpedatthechanceandinvadednorthernMesopotamia.HeconqueredAshurin1760B.C.Fromthatpointontothemiddleof1300sB.C.,Assyriawasreducedtoamerevassalstate.Atfirst,ithadtoanswertothe1stdynastyofBabylon.Afterthatempirewaseradicated,itturnedtosubmittoaHumankingdomcalledMitanni.Itwasnotuntil1365B.C.thatAssyria,thenruledbyAshur-uballitI,wasabletoregainitsindependence.Forthenextcouplehundredyears,Assyriagrewincreasinglypowerful.IteventuallydefeatedBabyloniaandevenoccupiedEgypt.

1.Accordingtothearticle,theAssyrianlivedinpartofmodern-day（）.

2.Accordingtothehistorians,thehistoryofAssyriahaslastedforabout（）.

3.ItwasduringthereignofShamshi-AdadI,thefirstgreatAssyrianKing,whentheAssyrians（）.

4.DuringthereignofShamshi-AdadI,theneighboringcountriesofAssyrianEmpire（）.

5.Inhistory,theAssyrianswereonceverypowerful,andtheyevenoccupied（）atonestage.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Egypt

B.India

C.China

D.Iraq

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.4,000years

B.3,800years

C.3,100years

D.1,400years

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.begantoexpandtheirempirewithmilitaryforces

B.begantoopennewtraderoutes

C.begantoencouragecommercialactivities

D.begantoestablishdiplomaticrelationswithothercountries

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.allshowedtheirrespect

B.alladmiredtheachievementsofShamshi-AdadI

C.allbecamevigilantandanxious

D.allpaidtributetoShamshi-AdadI

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.India

B.Russia

C.Egypt

D.Greece

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】1.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容可知，Assyrian生活在幾千年前被稱為Ashur或Arrur的地方?，F(xiàn)在這個(gè)地方名為Qal’atShartlat，是一座伊拉克的城市。所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

2.信息歸納題。根據(jù)第二段的內(nèi)容可知，歷史學(xué)家將亞述歷史劃分為三個(gè)時(shí)期，分別持續(xù)了600年、265年、325年，一共是大約1400年的歷史。選項(xiàng)D正確。

3.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段第四句“In1813B.C.,thefirstgreatAssyrianking,Shamshi-AdadI,ascendedthethroneandbeganaseriesofmilitaryexpansions.”選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

4.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段“Itsgrowinginfluencegaveitsneighborplentyofreasonstobewary.”其日益增長(zhǎng)的影響力使其鄰國(guó)有充足的理由保持警惕。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

5.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“IteventuallydefeatedBabyloniaandevenoccupiedEgypt.”它最終打敗了巴比倫王國(guó)，甚至占領(lǐng)了埃及。選項(xiàng)C正確。

6.單選題

ThetwomostobviouschangesinAmericaneconomyaretheemergenceofahighlysophisticatedtechnologyandtheriseofgiantcorporations.Inaddition,marketforceshavelostsomeoftheirsignificanceasplanninghasbecomemoreimportant.Thegovernmenthasassumedagreatlychangedroleintheeconomy.Propertyrelationshipsanddecision-makingpowerhaveshifted.Thedemandforhighlyeducatedspecialistshasincreasedenormously.

WemaythinkoftheAmericaneconomy,asconsistingoftwocompletelydifferentsectors.Theworldofthegiantcorporations,whichcanbecalledthe“industrialsystem”,consistsof500or600firmsthatprovide“nearlyallcommunications,nearlyallproductionanddistributionofelectricpower,muchtransportation,mostmanufacturingandmining,asubstantialshareofretailtrade,andaconsiderableamountofentertainment”.Outsideofthisindustrialsystemfallmostagriculturalenterprises,someminingandtrucking,professionalandartisticpursuits,someretailtrade,andmostpersonalanddomesticservices.

Theclassicaleconomiclawsofsupplyanddemandstillapplytosomedegree.Buttodaytheindustrialsectorischaracterizedfarmorebyplanningandcertaintythanbythefreeplayofmarketforces.Itappearsthatitcouldscarcelybeotherwise.Inlargecorporationswithadvancedtechnologicalsystemsandcomplexorganizationsofhighlytrainedspecialists,plansforproducinganyoneitemaremadewellinadvance.Suchplans,oncemade,arehardtochange.Becauselong-termplanningdemandscertainty,marketforcesareavoidedbyvariousmeans.Forexample,thecorporationmayachieve“verticalintegration”bybuyingcompaniesthatsupplyrawmaterialsatoneendoftheprocessanddistributionoutletsattheother.Corporationsmayagreeon“justprices”forthingstheybuyandsell.Theymayentermutuallyadvantageouslong-termcontractswithsuppliersandcustomers.Moreover,intheirquestforcertaintytheygenerallyhavethesupportofthestate.

1.TheAmericangiantcorporationspossesssomanynewcharacteristicsthat______.

2.Bythesecondparagraph,weknowthat______.

3.Fromthewholepassage,wecaninferthatAmericaneconomy______.

4.Inthethirdsentenceoflastparagraph,thesecond“it”mayreferto______.

5.Whichofthefollowingisnotmentionedinthepassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.highlyeducatedmanagersareimportantforthecorporations

B.giantcorporationsbecomedecentralized

C.economiclawsofthemarketareeffectiveinsidecorporations

D.headsofthegiantcorporationstrytocontrolthegovernment

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.retailtradeaccountsforabigpartinnon-industrialsystem

B.therearemoregiantcorporationsthanagriculturalenterprises

C.giantcorporationscontroleverypartofAmericaneconomy

D.giantcorporationsprovidemostofproductionsandservices

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.isexperiencingtheriseofgiantcorporations

B.isdeterminedbyhundredsofgiantcorporations

C.hasfailedtobalancesupplyanddemand

D.becomeshighly-plannedone

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.classiceconomiclawofsupplyanddemand

B.industrialsector

C.Americaneconomy

D.marketforce

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Americaneconomyischaracterizedbyhightechnologyandgiantcorporations.

B.Americaneconomyconsistsofindustrialsystemsandagriculturalenterprises.

C.Marketeconomyisgraduallyreplacedbyplannedeconomy.

D.Highlytrainedspecialistsareneeded.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】1.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章第一段最后一句Thedemandforhighlyeducatedspecialistshasincreasedenormously.（對(duì)受過高等教育的專家的需求大大增加了。），說明美國(guó)巨型公司的新特點(diǎn)導(dǎo)致了對(duì)受過高等教育的專家需求增加。因此A選項(xiàng)“受過高等教育的管理者對(duì)公司很重要”正確。B選項(xiàng)“巨型企業(yè)變得分權(quán)化”，C選項(xiàng)“市場(chǎng)的經(jīng)濟(jì)規(guī)律在企業(yè)內(nèi)部是有效的”，D選項(xiàng)“巨型企業(yè)的負(fù)責(zé)人試圖控制政府”在文中均沒有提及，所以B,C,D錯(cuò)誤。

2.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章第二段第二句Theworldofthegiantcorporations,whichcanbecalledthe“industrialsystem”,consistsof500or600firmsthatprovide“nearlyallcommunications,nearlyallproductionanddistributionofelectricpower,muchtransportation,mostmanufacturingandmining,asubstantialshareofretailtrade,andaconsiderableamountofentertainment”.（巨型企業(yè)的世界，可以稱為“工業(yè)系統(tǒng)”，包括500到600家提供“幾乎所有通信，幾乎所有的生產(chǎn)和分配電力，交通，大多數(shù)的制造業(yè)和采礦業(yè)，零售貿(mào)易的很大一部分，和大量的娛樂”的公司。），說明大部分的生產(chǎn)和服務(wù)是由巨型企業(yè)提供的。因此D選項(xiàng)“巨型企業(yè)提供了大部分的生產(chǎn)和服務(wù)”正確。A選項(xiàng)“零售業(yè)在非工業(yè)體系中占了很大比重”，由原文可知，零售貿(mào)易占了工業(yè)系統(tǒng)的很大一部分，所以A錯(cuò)誤。B選項(xiàng)“巨型企業(yè)比農(nóng)業(yè)企業(yè)多”，原文沒有比較兩者數(shù)量的多少，所以B錯(cuò)誤。C選項(xiàng)“巨型企業(yè)控制著美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的各個(gè)部分”，美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)除了巨型企業(yè)還有非工業(yè)系統(tǒng)部分，所以C錯(cuò)誤。

3.推理判斷題。文章第一段說到美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的變化之一是巨型企業(yè)的崛起，接著第二段介紹了巨型企業(yè)提供的生產(chǎn)和服務(wù)，最后第三段說到巨型企業(yè)的計(jì)劃性和確定性，可以推斷出美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)是由巨型公司決定的。因此B選項(xiàng)“由數(shù)以百計(jì)的巨型公司決定”正確。A選項(xiàng)“正經(jīng)歷著巨頭企業(yè)的崛起”，由原文可知，巨型企業(yè)已經(jīng)崛起了，所以A錯(cuò)誤。C選項(xiàng)“未能平衡供應(yīng)和需求”，D選項(xiàng)“成為高度計(jì)劃化的經(jīng)濟(jì)”在文中沒有提及，所以C,D錯(cuò)誤。

4.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第三段第三句Itappearsthatitcouldscarcelybeotherwise.（看來不可能有別的情況了。），由上下文可知，此處說的是美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)中的計(jì)劃性。因此C選項(xiàng)“美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)”正確。A選項(xiàng)“經(jīng)典的供給和需求的經(jīng)濟(jì)規(guī)律”，B選項(xiàng)“工業(yè)部門”，D選項(xiàng)“市場(chǎng)力量”均不符合題意，所以A,B,D錯(cuò)誤。

5.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。A選項(xiàng)“美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的特點(diǎn)是高科技和巨型企業(yè)”，由原文ThetwomostobviouschangesinAmericaneconomyaretheemergenceofahighlysophisticatedtechnologyandtheriseofgiantcorporations.（美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)最明顯的兩個(gè)變化是高度復(fù)雜技術(shù)的出現(xiàn)和大型企業(yè)的崛起。）可知A在文中出現(xiàn)，排除A。B選項(xiàng)“美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)由工業(yè)體系和農(nóng)業(yè)企業(yè)組成”，由原文WemaythinkoftheAmericaneconomy,asconsistingoftwocompletelydifferentsectors.Theworldofthegiantcorporations…Outsideofthisindustrialsystemfallmostagriculturalenterprises（我們可以把美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)看作是由兩個(gè)完全不同的部門組成的。巨型企業(yè)的世界……在這個(gè)工業(yè)系統(tǒng)之外的是大多數(shù)農(nóng)業(yè)企業(yè)）可知B在文中出現(xiàn)，排除B。D選項(xiàng)“需要高度訓(xùn)練有素的專家”，由原文Thedemandforhighlyeducatedspecialistshasincreasedenormously.（對(duì)受過高等教育的專家的需求大大增加了。）可知D在文中出現(xiàn)，排除D。C選項(xiàng)“市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)逐漸被計(jì)劃經(jīng)濟(jì)所取代”，原文只說了美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)中存在計(jì)劃性，且十分重要，沒有說計(jì)劃經(jīng)濟(jì)取代了市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)，因此本題選C。

7.翻譯題

PutthefollowingtwopassagesintoEnglish.

自新中國(guó)成立以來，南京發(fā)生的巨大而深刻的變化令人歡欣鼓舞。從1949年4月23日開始，人民真正成為這座古老城市的主人。人民在自己的土地上辛勤勞作，把古城南京裝扮得面貌一新，特別是近十幾年，改革開放又給這座美麗的名城注入了新的活力，嶄新的工作、通達(dá)的運(yùn)輸、如畫的城市建設(shè)、興盛的第三產(chǎn)業(yè)、多彩的文化生活，都使這個(gè)具有古都特色的現(xiàn)代化城市煥發(fā)出勃勃英姿。南京，這座古老而又年輕的歷史文化名城，是多么可愛！

“兒時(shí)”的可愛是“無知”。那時(shí)侯，件件都是“知”，你每天可以做大科學(xué)家和大哲學(xué)家，每天在發(fā)現(xiàn)什么新的現(xiàn)象，新的真理?，F(xiàn)在呢？什么都已經(jīng)知道了，熟悉了，每個(gè)人的臉都已經(jīng)看厭了。宇宙和社會(huì)是那么陳舊，無味，雖然它們其實(shí)比“兒時(shí)”新鮮得多了。我于是想念“兒時(shí)”，禱告“兒時(shí)'不能夠前進(jìn)的吋候，就愿意退后幾步,替自己恢復(fù)己經(jīng)走過的前途。請(qǐng)求“無知”回來，給我求知的快樂。

【答案】GreatandprofoundchangeshavetakenplaceinNanjingsincethefoundationofNewChina.ThecommonpeoplehavebecomethegenuinemastersofthisoldcitysinceApril23,1949.ThepeopleofNanjingwhohavebeenworkinghardontheirownlandhavegiventhisage-oldcityanewappearance.Especiallyforthepasttenyearsormore,China’sreformandopening-uppolicyhasbroughtmorefreshvigortothisbeautifulandfamouscity.Newjobs,efficienttransportationnetworksextendinginalldirections,picturesquecityconstruction,prosperoustertiaryindustriesandvariousandcolorfulculturallives,haveaddedcharmandvitalitytothismoderncitywhichretainssomehowthefeaturesofanancientcapital.HowlovelyNanjing—ahistoricandculturalcitywhichisoldandyoungis!

Thechildhood’slovelinessisignorant.Duringthatperiod,everythingwasnewtous,andeverydaywecouldbeagreatscientistorphilosopher;eachdaywediscoverednewphenomenaandnewtruths.Howaboutnow?Noweverythingisfamiliartous,butwe’retiredoflookingateverybody’sface.Theuniverseandsocietyaresooldandtasteless,althoughtheyaremuchfresherthanchildhood.ThenImissmychildhoodandprayforit.Whenwecannotadvanceanymore,weliketotakeafewstepsbacktorestorethefuturewehavepassed.Weaskforthereturnof“childishignorance”toletusre-experiencethejoyofknowledge-seeking.

8.翻譯題

如果將保護(hù)地球的自然系統(tǒng)視作某種道德選擇的話，就完全誤解了當(dāng)今人們所面臨的危機(jī)。當(dāng)前的挑戰(zhàn)是關(guān)乎于人類社會(huì)的未來，而不是交給某些博愛慷慨的善心人士來做一些隨意的慈善。并不是要保護(hù)自然免受人類的侵害，而是為了人類而保護(hù)自然——能讓這樣的觀念深入人心才是改變思路的核心內(nèi)容。要知道，我們正承受著自身所作所為帶來的一系列后果。全世界都需要知道，一個(gè)健康的自然世界并不是某些偶然善舉帶來的，而是一系列重要物質(zhì)資產(chǎn)的集合。

如果這樣的觀念能夠產(chǎn)生實(shí)際的效果，那么保護(hù)自然并不只是環(huán)境上的挑戰(zhàn)，而必須上升為經(jīng)濟(jì)上的挑戰(zhàn)。只要有一天人類仍在自欺欺人——一面提倡保護(hù)環(huán)境，一面卻又不顧對(duì)環(huán)境的損害而急于追求經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)，那么取得實(shí)質(zhì)性的進(jìn)展仍會(huì)是一件遙遙無期的事情。

【答案】Toseethepreservationoftheplanet’snaturalsystemsasamoralchoiceistocompletelymisunderstandthecrisiswefacetoday.Thechallengenowisaboutthefutureofhumansociety,notaboutgivingrandomcharitytosomephilanthropic,generousperson.It’snotaboutprotectingnaturefromman,it’saboutprotectingnatureforman’ssake—andgettingthatideaintopeople’smindsisattheheartofthechangeinthinking.Youknow,we’relivingwiththeconsequencesofwhatwedo.Theworldneedstoknowthatahealthynaturalworldisnottheresultofsomerandomactofkindness,butofacollectionofimportantmaterialassets.

Ifsuchideasaretohaveanypracticaleffect,conservationofnaturemustbecomenotjustanenvironmentalchallenge,butaneconomicone.Aslongashumanbeingscontinuetodeceivethemselvesbyprotectingtheenvironmentwhilepursuingeconomicgrowthwithoutregardtoenvironmentaldamage,substantialprogresswillremainalongwayoff.

9.單選題

Thehotelwasafour-storeybuildingawayfromtheuniversitywheremostcompetitorswereaccommodated.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.putup

B.putdown

C.putin

D.putover

【答案】A

【解析】accommodated在這里指容納，安置。putup提供，建造，舉起；putdown放下，鎮(zhèn)壓；putin提交，放入；putover推遲，駛過。選項(xiàng)A放在句中最為恰當(dāng)，符合語境。

10.單選題

Whenoneofmyroommatesbrokehislegduringabasketballgame,thedoctorattheclinicsaidthathecouldn’tcureit,sowehadtotakehimtothehospitalfivekilometersfromhere.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.brokehislegduring

B.attheclinic

C.couldn’tcureit

D.thehospitalfivekilometersfromhere.

E.沒有問題

【答案】A

【解析】介詞誤用。During改成in。during表示“在…期間“，其強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的延續(xù)性，但brokehisleg是發(fā)生在某一特定時(shí)點(diǎn)的并無時(shí)間上持續(xù)性的動(dòng)作。

11.單選題

Hehasbeenlefttosquirminamireofnewallegations.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.quagmire

B.moraine

C.plumed

D.fragmire

【答案】A

【解析】考查近義名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)quagmire“沼澤，泥濘地；困境，尷尬的處境”；B選項(xiàng)moraine“冰磧石”；C選項(xiàng)plumed“（adj）有羽毛的；羽毛狀的；用羽毛裝飾的”；D選項(xiàng)fragmire無實(shí)際意義。句意：他陷入了新的指控的泥沼中。mire“泥潭；泥沼”，與該詞意思最相近的是A選項(xiàng)，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

12.單選題

______sherealizeditwastoolatetogohome.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Nosooneritgrewdarkthan

B.Hardlydiditgrowdarkthat

C.Scarcelyhaditgrowndarkthan

D.Itwasnotuntildarkthat

【答案】D

【解析】【試題解析】考查倒裝句。句意：直到天黑，她才意識(shí)到太晚了，不能回家了。A、B、C選項(xiàng)意思為“一……就”；A選項(xiàng)nosooner…than置于句首，前面部分倒裝；B選項(xiàng)hardly…when“”和C選項(xiàng)scarcely…when是固定搭配。D選項(xiàng)itisnotuntil…that“直到……才”用法正確。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

13.單選題

Onthefatefulnightin1930whenthefirstGermanbombsfellonPoland,youngNinaNovak,oneofPoland'smostpromisingdancers,wasperformingintheOperaHouseinWarsaw.TwodayslatertheOperaHousewasdestroyedbybombs.Nina'swholelifehadbeendevotedtoballet:Nowherworldcollapsedaroundher.Inthedarkyearsthatfollowed,itseemedthatshewouldneverdanceagain,muchlessbecomeoneoftheworld'sleadingballerinas.ButNinahadcourageandadreamthatbeganwhenshewasveryyoung.

NinawasborninWarsawandspenttheearlyyearsofherchildhoodthere;HerfirstschoolteachernoticedlittleNina’sgraceandtoldhersheshouldstudydancing,Ninadelightedlyreportedtheteacher'swordsathome,buthermotherfoughttheidea,sayingthatnodaughterofherswasgoingtobeadancer.Nina,however,wasadeterminedchild.Shehadmadeuphermindtobeareallygreatballerinanomatterwhatthecost,andsheworkedtowardthisgoalwithherwholebeing.ShecoaxedandrageduntilhermotherfinallygaveinandletherenrollatthePolishOperaBalletSchool.

Herfirstappearanceonstagecamethreeyearslater,whenshewasallowedtodancethepartofaslavegirlintheoperaAida.Shortlyafterthis,Ninabecamearealprofessional,dancingfortwoyearsasprimaballerinaoftheChildren'sofWarsaw.

Whenshewasthirteen,shewastakenintothePolishOperaCompany.Shewastheyoungestdancerevertobecomeamemberofitscorpsdeballet.Thefollowingyear,shestartedoutwiththecompanyonalongEuropeantour.ShespenttwoexcitingyearsdancinginthecapitalsofEurope,andsherosefromherhumbleplaceinthecorpsdeballetallthewaytosoloist.

ShehadjustreturnedtoWarsawafterthistourwhenthePolishStateBalletwasinvitedtodanceattheWorld’sFarinNewYorkearlyin1929.ButwhileshewasdancinggailyinNewYork,warcloudsweredarkeningoverhernativecountry.NinahadbeenhomeforonlyamonthwhenHitlermarchedintoPoland.

TheinvadingGermansdecreedthatanyonewhodidnothaveajobwouldbesenttoaworkcamp.Atgreatrisk,NinarefusedtodanceatthelargetheaterthattheGermanshadtaken-over.InsteadshejoinedagroupofPolishdancersinasmall,ill-equippedtheaterwheretheygaveperformancesonlyfortheirowncountrymen.

ThedarkyearsofWorldWarIIworeon.Onebyone,themembersofNina'slargeandwealthyfamilywerearrestedandsenttoconcentration:camps.Heradoredolderbrotherwastakenfirst,thenherfather,thenNinaandherotherbrothersandsisters.Theywereseparatedandsenttodifferentcamps.Ninafranticallyaskedfornewsofherfamilyfromeachprisonerwhocametohercamp.Drearymonthdraggedbybeforethetragicnewsreachedherthatherbelovedbrotherhadbeenkilledfromanti-Naziactivities.Herfather,too,wasdead—ofstarvation.

Dazedwithgrief,shenolongercaredwhethershelivedordied.Sixmonthslater,whenliberatingtroopsarrivedandthrewopentheprisongates,shewassothinthatshecouldhardlywalk.

Barelyawarethatthewarwasover;Ninalistlesslybegantopickupthethreadsofherlife.Shewasreunitedwithwhatwasleftofherfamily,andtheytriedtomakesomesortoflifeforthemselvesinwar-tomPoland.Shebegantofeelvaguestirringsoftheold,familiardesiretodance,butshewasstilltoodepressedandweaktopractice.Heryoungerbrothertriedtoencourageher.Hebegantopracticewithher,andsoontheyhadbuiltupacharminglittledanceroutineoftheirown.TogethertheyfounddancingengagementsinmanyWarsawnightspots.ThefamilydecidedthatthebestfutureforNinaasadancerwasintheUnitedSates,andtheystartedsavingmoneyforhertomakethetrip.

NinaarrivedinNewYorkin1947—aslightgirlwhosetragicdarkeyesheldtheonlyhintoftheheartbreakshehadbeenthrough.ShesentaboutlearningtospeakEnglishandtookintensiveballetlessonstoretrainherstill-frailbody