考研考博-英語-安徽林業(yè)職業(yè)技術(shù)學院考試押題三合一+答案詳解篇

書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-安徽林業(yè)職業(yè)技術(shù)學院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

Thisareaoftheparkhasbeenspecially（）forchildren,butaccompanyingadultsarealsowelcome.

問題1選項

A.inaugurated

B.designated

C.entitled

D.delegated

【答案】B

【解析】句意:公園的這個區(qū)是專門為孩子們設定的，但是也歡迎陪同的成年人。

考查動詞辨析。選項均為對應動詞的過去分詞形式表被動。inaugurate開辟，舉行開幕典禮，舉行就職典禮；designate指定，標出，bedesignatedfor為…而設；entitle定名為…，給…稱號，使有權(quán)利，常用于beentitledto表示有……資格；delegate委派……為代表，委任。故B符合句意。

2.問答題

AmongthemorebenignactivitiesoftheUnitedNationsisthededicationofvariousyearstospecificcauses.Mountains,deserts,riceanddialoguehaveallhadtheir365daysoffame.Thereislittleevidencethattheattentionhasdonemountains,desertsriceanddialogueanyharm—butalsonotmuchtosuggestthattheyhavebenefitedeither.

Inthenext12monthsthespotlightfallsonmicrofinance,thebusinessoflendingsmallamountsofmoneytothepoor,takingdepositsfromthem,transmittingmoneyontheirbehalfandinsuringthem.Withluck,theUN’seffortwillturnouttobesubstantialratherthansymbolic.Itcertainlykickedoffinstyle,withabigpartyattheUN’sNewYorkheadquartersthatdemonstratedhowfashionablethesubjecthasbecome.Amongthe700inattendanceweretopbankers,politiciansandafilmstarortwo.TheUNalsoannouncedtheappointmentofanadvisorypaneltoconsiderwhatmaybeimpedingthegrowthandeffectivenessofmicrofinance.

ThesuccessoftheyeardependstoagreatextentonwhethertheUNcanharnessitsmemberstatesandfinancialinstitutionstoestablishsomebasicfacts.Remarkablylittleisknownabouthowfinanceoperatesoutsidewealthycountries.Nogooddataexistonhowmanypeoplehaveaccesstofinancialinstitutions,thebreadthandpenetrationofbanksinpoorcountries,therealcostofaloanandthetimeittakestogetone,theeaseofmakingadepositandsoforth.

Microfinanceitselfissomethingofamystery.Therearenoauthoritativefiguresonthenumberandperformanceofmicrofinancelendinginstitutions.Thereisnotevenconvincinginformation,beyondlotsofanecdotesillustratedbyphotographsofwomeninruralvillages,aboutwhethermicrofinancemakesany.significantcontributiontoeconomicgrowthorismerelyanotherphilanthropicfad.

Inprinciple,loanstothepoorshouldbringgreatbenefits,becausethepoorhavelesscapitalandoftencanborrowonlywithgreatdifficulty.Ifatall,theyoughttouseextracapitalmoreproductivelythantherich.Indeed,thismightexplainwhyeveninthepoorestplacesthereissomeformofmoneylendingdespitestaggeringlyhighinterestrates;1,000%ayearisnotuncommon.However,suchratesinevitablytakeatollonenterpriseandeconomicgrowth.Theyearofmicrocreditwillhaveproventobeofgreatworthifitcanfirstdocumenttheimpedimentstomoreefficientformsoffinancialintermediationandthenbegintoclearthemaway.

Forexample,theUNwoulddowelltoaddressthecommoncomplaintthatbanksignorethepooroutofclassbias.Iftheydo,theUN’sinterestmayhastenchange:somefinancialinstitutionsarealreadymakingeffortstoworkwiththepoor,eitherdirectlyorbyprovidingwholesaleservicestosmallerfinancialinstitutions.Andmanyworkinginmicrofinancecomplainthattheirsmallsizeandlackoftraditionalassetsmakeithardtoattractcapitaleitherontheirownaccountorthroughsyndicatedloans.Ayearhence,perhapssomeofthiswillbechanged.

Whatismicrofmance?Accordingtothetext,howisthecurrentperformanceofmicrofinance?(5points)

Whatarethepossiblebenefitsofmicrofinancetothepoorpeople?WhatshouldtheUNdotopromotemicrofinance?(5points)

【答案】第一問由文章第二段中“thebusinessoflendingsmallamountsofmoneytothepoor,takingdepositsfromthem,transmittingmoneyontheirbehalfandinsuringthem”可知答案；第二問由文章第四段內(nèi)容可知答案。

試題答案：

Accordingtothetext,microfinanceisthebusinessoflendingsmallamountsofmoneytothepoor,takingdepositsfromthem,transmittingmoneyontheirbehalfandinsuringthem.

Accordingtothetext,thecurrentperformanceofmicrofinanceisnotclearbecausetherearenoauthoritativefiguresonthenumberandperformanceofmicrolendinginstitutions,aboutwhethermicrofinancemakesanysignificantcontributiontoeconomicgrowthorismerelyanotherphilanthropicfad.

第一問由文章倒數(shù)第二段中“l(fā)oanstothepoorshouldbringgreatbenefits,becausethepoorhavelesscapitalandoftencanborrowonlywithgreatdifficulty”可知答案；第二問由文章最后一段中“theUNwoulddowelltoaddressthecommoncomplaintthatbanksignorethepooroutofclassbias”可知答案。

試題答案：

Microfinancecanhelpthepoorsolvetheproblemofhavinglesscapital,andenablesthemtoborrowcapitalwithlessdifficultythanbefore.

TheUNshoulddowelltoaddressthecommoncomplainthatbanksignorethepooroutofclassbiastopromotemicrofinance.

3.寫作題

Directions:FromJune1,2008,Chinawillbanshopsfromofferingfreeplasticbagandhascalledonconsumerstousebasketsandclothsacksinsteadtoreduceenvironmentalpollution.Whatdoyouthinkaboutthispolicy?Pleasewriteacompositionofapproximately200wordsonthefollowingtopic:

ShouldWeBanFreePlasticBagsFromShops?

Inthefirstpart,youshouldstaleclearlyyourviewpointonthisissue.Inthesecondpart,youshouldsupportyourviewpointwilhappropriatedetails.InIhelastpart,youshouldbringwhatyouhavewrittenIoanaturalconclusion.

Markswillbeawardedforcontent,organization,grammarandappropriateness.Failuretofollowtheseinstructionsmayresultinthelossofmarks.

WriteyourcompositionontheANSWERSHEET.

【答案】略

4.單選題

Iftheheavyrainhad（）anextremehightide，seriousfloodingwouldhaveresulted.

問題1選項

A.happenedto

B.occurredto

C.coincidedwith

D.turnedout

【答案】C

【解析】動詞詞組辨析。happenedto“碰巧”；occurredto“想起”；coincidedwith“與……相一致”；turnedout“結(jié)果是”。句意：如果大魚正好逢上極端高潮，可能會導致嚴重的洪水。選項C符合題意。

5.單選題

Thisticket（

）youtoafreeboattouronthelake.

問題1選項

A.entitles

B.appoints

C.grants

D.credits

【答案】A

【解析】動詞辨析題。entitle給某人權(quán)利或資格；appoint任命，委派；grant授予，允許；credit信任，歸功于。

句意：這張票使你有資格免費在湖上乘船游覽。選項A符合句意。

6.單選題

Intohernineties,herthinking（）acuteandhercharacterforceful.

問題1選項

A.remained

B.retained

C.maintained

D.contained

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項remained“保持”；B選項retained“保存”；C選項maintained“維護”；D選項contained“包含”。句意：雖已年屆九旬，她（）頭腦敏銳，個性很強。題干的意思是雖然她年紀很大了，但還是保持清晰的頭腦，因此A選項正確。

7.單選題

Themanagingdirectortookthe（

）fortheaccident,althoughitwasnotreallyhisfault.

問題1選項

A.guilt

B.charge

C.blame

D.accusation

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。guilt意為“有罪，犯罪行為”；charge意為“收費，指控”；blame意為“(壞事或錯事的)責任，責備”，taketheblamefor意為“承擔……的責任”；accusation意為“指責，譴責”。

句意：總經(jīng)理承擔了事故的責任，盡管并不真的是他的錯。

8.單選題

Anewtechnologicalprocessmaybeemployedtotapthisabundantsupplydirectly.

問題1選項

A.exploit

B.search

C.produce

D.reserve

【答案】A

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.exploit開采B.search搜索

C.produce生產(chǎn)D.reserve預訂；儲備

【考查點】語義銜接

【解題思路】tap的主語是一種新工藝，賓語是這一豐富的資源，原詞tap“利用，開發(fā)，發(fā)掘”，A選項exploit“開采”與原詞最接近。

【干擾項排除】

B選項search“搜索”，與原詞詞義不相近；

C選項produce“生產(chǎn)”，不符合原文語義邏輯，生產(chǎn)的賓語一般是產(chǎn)品，而原文的賓語屬于原料；

D選項reserve“預訂；儲備”，與原詞詞義不相近。

【句意】也許可以采用一種新工藝直接開發(fā)這一豐富的資源。

9.單選題

Thisnew-typemachine（）littleroom.

問題1選項

A.takesup

B.istakenup

C.hasbeentakenup

D.istakingup

【答案】A

【解析】句意:這種新機器占很少的空間。

語法題。考查時態(tài)語態(tài)。Takeup表示“占據(jù)”，此處指新式機器的優(yōu)點，是對一般事實的描述，因此，動詞使用一般現(xiàn)在時。

10.翻譯題

1.Therewasonceaharmonytowninthiscountrywherealllifeseemedtoliveinwithitssurroundings.

2.Thegovernmenthasdevotedalargersliceofitsnationalbudgettoagriculturethanmostothercountries.

3.Iftherewereonlyadozenorsoairmoleculesinmykitchen,itwouldbelikelyifIwaitedayearorso一thatatsomepointthesixcoldestoneswouldcongregateinsidethefreezer.

4.Insteadofaglobalvillage,whichisanicedreambutimpossibletomanage,wewillhaveinventedanotherworldofself-containedcommunitiesthatcatertotheirownmember’sinclinationswithoutinterferingwithanyoneelse.

5.Itsgoalistofindouthowtheworldworks,toseekwhatregularitiestheremaybe,topenetratetotheconnectionsofthings—fromsubnuclearparticles,whichmaybetheconstituentsofallmatter,tolivingorganisms,thehumansocialcommunity,andthencetothecosmosasawhole.

TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese

【答案】1.這個國家曾經(jīng)有一個和諧的小鎮(zhèn)，所有的生命幾乎和周圍的環(huán)境都和諧相處。

2.政府把國家大部分的預算都用于農(nóng)業(yè)，比其他國家都要多。

3.如果我的廚房里只有十幾個空氣分子，似乎我需要等待一年左右，在某個時刻，六個最冷的分子會聚集在冰箱里。

4.我們不是要建立一個美好但是難于管理的全球村，而是建立一個由獨立群體組成的世界，這些群體在不干涉他人的情況下迎合自己的喜好。

5.它的目標是探究出世界的運行機制，尋求可能存在的規(guī)律，并且滲透到事物之間的聯(lián)系中去——從構(gòu)成所有物質(zhì)的亞核粒子，到生物體，到人類社會群體，甚至整個宇宙。

11.單選題

WilltheEuropeanUnionmakeit?Thequestionwouldhavesoundedstrangenotlongago.Noweventheproject’sgreatestcheerleaderstalkofacontinentfacinga“Bermudatriangle”ofdebt,populationdeclineandlowergrowth.

Aswellasthosechronicproblems,theEUfaceanacutecrisisinitseconomiccore,the16countriesthatusethesinglecurrency.Marketshavelostfaiththattheeurozone’seconomies,weakerorstronger,willonedayconvergethankstothedisciplineofsharingasinglecurrency,whichdeniesuncompetitivemembersthequickfixofdevaluation.

YetthedebateabouthowtosaveEurope’ssinglecurrencyfromdisintegrationisstuck.Itisstuckbecausetheeurozone’sdominantpowers,FranceandGermany,agreeontheneedforgreaterharmonizationwithintheeurozone,butdisagreeaboutwhattoharmonies.

Germanythinkstheeuromustbesavedbystricterrulesonborrowspendingandcompetitiveness,barkedbyquasi-automaticsanctionsforgovernmentsthatdonotobey.ThesemightincludethreatstofreezeEUfundsforpoorerregionsandEUmega-projectsandeventhesuspensionofacountry’svotingrightsinEUministerialcouncils.Itinsiststhateconomicco-ordinationshouldinvolveall27membersoftheEUclub,amongwhomthereisasmallmajorityforfree-marketliberalismandeconomicrigour;intheinnercorealone,Germanyfears,asmallmajorityfavourFrenchinterference.

A“southern”campheadedbyFrenchwantssomethingdifferent:“Europeaneconomicgovernment”withinaninnercoreofeuro-zonemembers.Translated,thatmeanspoliticiansinterveninginmonetarypolicyandasystemofredistributionfromrichertopoorermembers,viacheaperborrowingforgovernmentsthroughcommonEurobondsorcompletefiscaltransfers.Finally,figuresclosetotheFrancegovernmenthavemurmured,euro-zonemembersshouldagreetosomefiscalandsocialharmonization:e.g.,curbingcompetitionincorporate-taxratesorlabourcosts.

ItistoosoontowriteofftheEU.Itremainstheworld’slargesttradingblock.Atitsbest,theEuropeanprojectisremarkablyliberal:builtaroundasinglemarketof27richandpoorcountries,itsinternalbordersarefarmoreopentogoods,capitalandlabourthananycomparabletradingarea.Itisanambitiousattempttobluntthesharpestedgesofglobalization,andmakecapitalismbenign.

1.TheEUisfacedwithsomanyproblemsthat（）.

2.ThedebateovertheEU’ssinglecurrencyisstuckbecausethedominantpowers（）.

3.Tosolvetheeuroproblem,Germanyproposedthat（）.

4.TheFrenchproposalofhandlingthecrisisimpliesthat（）.

5.RegardingthefutureoftheEU,theauthorseemstofeel（）.

問題1選項

A.ithasmoreorlesslostfaithinmarkets

B.evenitssupportersbegintofeelconcerned

C.someofitsmembercountriesplantoabandoneuro

D.itintendstodenythepossibilityofdevaluation

問題2選項

A.arecompetingfortheleadingposition

B.arebusyhandlingtheirowncrises

C.failtoreachanagreementonharmonization

D.disagreeonthestepstowardsharmonization

問題3選項

A.EUfundsforpoorregionsbeincreased

B.stricterregulationsbeimposed

C.onlycoremembersbeinvolvedineconomicco-ordination

D.votingrightsoftheEUmembersbeguaranteed

問題4選項

A.poorcountriesaremorelikelytogetfunds

B.strictmonetarypolicywillbeappliedtopoorcountries

C.loanswillbereadilyavailabletorichcountries

D.richcountrieswillbasicallycontrolEurobonds

問題5選項

A.pessimistic

B.desperate

C.conceited

D.hopeful

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。定位到文章第一段“Noweventheproject’sgreatestcheerleaderstalkofacontinentfacinga‘Bermudatriangle’ofdebt,populationdeclineandlowergrowth.”現(xiàn)在，即使是該計劃最偉大的鼓吹者也在談論歐洲大陸面臨著債務、人口下降和低增長的“百慕大三角”。由此可知歐盟的問題已經(jīng)使得一些支持者都開始注意了，因此選項B正確。

2.細節(jié)事實題。定位到文章第三段“YetthedebateabouthowtosaveEurope’ssinglecurrencyfromdisintegrationisstuck.Itisstuckbecausetheeurozone’sdominantpowers,FranceandGermany,agreeontheneedforgreaterharmonizationwithintheeurozone,butdisagreeaboutwhattoharmonies.”。然而，關(guān)于如何使歐洲單一貨幣免于解體的辯論卻陷入了僵局。它之所以陷入困境，是因為歐元區(qū)的主導力量法國和德國一致認為有必要在歐元區(qū)內(nèi)部加強協(xié)調(diào)，但在協(xié)調(diào)哪些方面存在分歧。由此可知C選項未能就協(xié)調(diào)問題達成一致正確，因此選C。

3.細節(jié)事實題。定位到文章第四段“Germanythinkstheeuromustbesavedbystricterrulesonborrowspendingandcompetitiveness,barkedbyquasi-automaticsanctionsforgovernmentsthatdonotobey.”德國認為必須通過對借貸支出和競爭力的嚴格規(guī)定來拯救歐元，對不遵守規(guī)定的政府實行準自動制裁。由此可知選項B實行更嚴格的規(guī)定正確。

4.細節(jié)事實題。定位到文章第五段“Translated,thatmeanspoliticiansinterveninginmonetarypolicyandasystemofredistributionfromrichertopoorermembers,viacheaperborrowingforgovernmentsthroughcommonEurobondsorcompletefiscaltransfers.”換句話說，這意味著政客們干預貨幣政策，以及一個從較富裕成員國向較貧窮成員國進行再分配的體系，途徑是政府通過發(fā)行共同歐元債券或完全的財政轉(zhuǎn)移，以較低成本借入資金。因此選項D正確。

5.細節(jié)事實題。定位到文章最后一段“ItistoosoontowriteofftheEU.Itremainstheworld’slargesttradingblock.Atitsbest,theEuropeanprojectisremarkablyliberal:builtaroundasinglemarketof27richandpoorcountries,itsinternalbordersarefarmoreopentogoods,capitalandlabourthananycomparabletradingarea.”現(xiàn)在把歐盟一筆勾銷還為時過早。它仍然是世界上最大的貿(mào)易集團。最好的情況下，歐洲計劃是非常自由的：建立在一個由27個富國和窮國組成的單一市場上，其內(nèi)部邊界對商品、資本和勞動力的開放程度遠遠超過任何類似的貿(mào)易區(qū)。由此可知作者對于歐盟的態(tài)度還是積極的，因此選項D正確。

12.單選題

Sheisawomanof（）whohasneverabandonedherprinciplesforthesakeofherownbenefits.

問題1選項

A.dignity

B.scarcity

C.integrity

D.stability

【答案】C

【解析】名詞辨析題。dignity尊嚴，高貴；scarcity不足，缺乏；integrity正直，誠實，指道德健全，尤其表現(xiàn)在考驗目標的堅定、責任心和信任感的行為中；stability堅定，恒心。句意：她是一個正直的女人，從不為了自己的利益而放棄自己的原則。選項C更恰當。

13.單選題

Thebasicfunctionofmoneyistheenablebuyingtobeseparatedfromselling,thuspermittingtradetotakeplacewithoutthesocalleddoublecoincidenceofbarter.Ifapersonhassomethingtosellandwantssomethingelse（1）return,itisnotnecessarytosearchforsomeoneableand

（2）

tomakethedesiredexchangeofitems.Thepersoncansellthe

（3）

itemforgeneralpurchasingpower-thatis"money"—toanyonewhowantstobuyitandthenusetheproceedstobuythedesireditemRomanyonewhowantstosellit.

Theimportanceofthisfunctionofmoneyis

（4）

illustratedbytheexperienceofGermanyjustafterWorldWarII,

（5）

papermoneywas

（6）

largelyuselessbecause,despiteinflationaryconditions,pricecontrolswereeffectively

（7）

bytheAmerican,French,andBritisharmiesofoccupation.Peoplehadto

（8）

tobarterortoinefficientmoneysubstitutes.Theresultwastocuttotaloutputoftheeconomyinhalf.TheGerman"economicmiracle"justafter1948reflectedpartlyacurrencyreformbytheoccupationauthorities,

（9）

someeconomistsholdthatitstemmedprimarilyfromtheGermangovernment's

（10）

ofallpricecontrols.（11）

permittingamoneyeconomyto

（12）

abartereconomy.

（13）

oftheactofsalefromtheactofpurchase

（14）

theexistenceofsomethingthat

willbegenerallyacceptedinpayment-thisisthe"

（15）

ofexchange”functionofmoney.Buttheremustalsobesomethingthatcanserveasa

（16）

abodeofpurchasingpower,inwhichthemilerholdstheproceedsintheinterim

（17）

thefirstsaleandthe

（18）

purchase,orfromwhichthebuyercan

（19）

thegeneralpurchasingpowerwithwhichtopay

（20）

whatisbought.Thisisthe"asset”functionofmoney.

問題1選項

A.on

B.in

C.by

D.for

問題2選項

A.capable

B.likely

C.desirable

D.wining

問題3選項

A.excess

B.extra

C.surplus

D.ample

問題4選項

A.dramatically

B.urgently

C.faithfully

D.incidentally

問題5選項

A.when

B.before

C.since

D.until

問題6選項

A.developed

B.reserved

C.rendered

D.imagined

問題7選項

A.encouraged

B.enlarged

C.endured

D.enforced

問題8選項

A.conform

B.resort

C.commit

D.gear

問題9選項

A.and

B.but

C.therefore

D.however

問題10選項

A.deprivation

B.stimulation

C.elimination

D.restriction

問題11選項

A.thereby

B.therefore

C.then

D.while

問題12選項

A.alternate

B.establish

C.substitute

D.replace

問題13選項

A.Introduction

B.Specification

C.Representation

D.Separation

問題14選項

A.assumes

B.requires

C.focuses

D.undertakes

問題15選項

A.medium

B.function

C.role

D.nature

問題16選項

A.fashionable

B.favorable

C.temporary

D.token

問題17選項

A.both

B.for

C.between

D.after

問題18選項

A.consequent

B.relevant

C.inadequate

D.subsequent

問題19選項

A.execute

B.extract

C.exceed

D.exchange

問題20選項

A.for

B.off

C.back

D.in

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:A

第6題:C

第7題:D

第8題:B

第9題:B

第10題:C

第11題:A

第12題:D

第13題:D

第14題:B

第15題:A

第16題:C

第17題:C

第18題:D

第19題:B

第20題:A

【解析】（1）考察固定搭配。inreturn“作為回報”。選項A符合題意。

（2）考察形容詞詞義辨析。capable“能干的”；likely“可能的”；desirable“有欲望的”；willing“愿意的”。做買賣交易肯定需要雙方自愿，所以空格處應該填willing,bewillingto的意思是“愿意”。選項D符合題意。

（3）考察形容詞詞義辨析。excess“額外的，過度的”；extra“額外的”；surplus“剩余的，過剩的”；ample“豐富的，足夠的”?？崭裉幩诰渥犹峒斑^去之所以會產(chǎn)生商品買賣是因為人們手上有了多余的產(chǎn)品。選項C符合題意。

（4）考察副詞詞義辨析。dramatically“戲劇性地”；urgently“緊急地”；faithfully“虔誠地”；incidentally“恰巧地”?？崭裉幩诰渥犹岬搅隋X的重要性在二戰(zhàn)后開始發(fā)生了戲劇性地變化。選項A符合題意。

（5）考察定語從句。when在此處引導一個表示時間的定語從句。

（6）考察動詞詞義辨析。空格處所在句子要表達的是二戰(zhàn)中的情況使得貨幣失去本身的價值，所以空格處應該填入一個表示貶義的詞，選項A與D都有褒義的意思，排除；選項B不符合語境，排除。選項C符合題意。

（7）考察動詞詞義辨析。encourage“鼓舞，鼓勵”；enlarge“擴大，增大”；endure“忍耐，容忍”；enforce“加強，實施，執(zhí)行”?？崭裉幩诰渥拥拇笠馐敲绹?、法國等國的占領軍對當?shù)氐奈飪r進行了有效的控制，選項D符合題意。

（8）考察動詞詞組辨析。conformto“一致”；resortto“求助于”；committo“執(zhí)行，做”；gearto“使適合”?？崭裉幩诰渥拥拇笠馐怯捎谖飪r受戰(zhàn)爭的影響，人們只能求助于物物交換或者廉價的貨幣替代品，選項B符合題意。

（9）考察連詞的用法。通過上下文可知空格處前后句子是一個轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，however前后都要用逗號，符合題意。

（10）考察名詞詞義辨析。Deprivation“剝奪”；stimulation“刺激”；elimination“消除，淘汰”；restriction“限制”?？崭裉幩诰渥拥拇笠馐堑聡∠袃r格控制。選項C符合題意。

（11）考察連詞的用法。聯(lián)系上下文可知空格處所在句子與前句是承接的關(guān)系，意思是“所以”，選項A符合題意。Therefore承接的前后一般要用逗號隔開。

（12）考察名詞詞義辨析。此句的大意是貨幣經(jīng)濟應該代替物物交換經(jīng)濟。選項D符合題意。

（13）考察名詞詞義辨析。Introduction“介紹”；specification“規(guī)格，說明書”；representation“代表，體現(xiàn)”；separation“分開”。空格處所在句子的大意是由于買和賣分離，在一定程度上促使了貨幣的產(chǎn)生，選項D符合題意。

（14）考察動詞詞義辨析。assume“承擔，假定”；require“需要”；focus“聚焦”；undertake“承擔，從事”?？崭裉幩诰渥拥拇笠馐琴I和賣分離，那就要求另一種物品來充當媒介。選項B符合題意。

（15）考察名詞詞義辨析。medium“媒介”；function“作用”；role“角色”；nature“自然；本質(zhì)”?？崭裉幩诰渥哟笠鈪⒄盏?4題可知，這就是交換媒介的作用，選項A符合題意。

（16）考察形容詞詞義辨析。Fashionable“時尚的”；favorable“有利的，良好的”；temporary“臨時的”；token“象征的”?？崭裉幩诰渥拥拇笠馐窃谫I與賣之間，對于貨幣來說，人是暫時的擁有，選項C符合題意。

（17）考察介詞的用法。Interim的意思是“中間的”，因此后面應該接的介詞是表示兩者之間，選項C符合題意。

（18）考察形容詞詞義辨析。Consequent“作為結(jié)果的”；relevant“相關(guān)的”；inadequate“不充分的，不適當?shù)摹保籹ubsequent“隨后的，后面的”?？崭裉幩诰渥拥拇笠馐窍荣I，隨后再賣，選項D符合題意。

（19）考察動詞詞義辨析。Execute“執(zhí)行”；extract“提取，取得”；exceed“超過”；exchange“交換”?？崭裉幩诰渥拥拇笠馐侵挥邢劝褨|西賣了，才取得購買的能力。選項B符合題意。

（20）考察介詞的用法。payfor“付款”符合題意。

14.單選題

Theyhavedevelopedcomputersthatcanunderstandthingspeoplesay,andcannowgivea[A]meaninganswer.Buthumanintelligenceisbetterthanhavinga[B]goodmemory.Itmaybe[C]possibletobuildcomputersthatcanrememberalotmorethanthehumanbrain.[D]Buthumanscandoalotmore.

問題1選項

A.meaning

B.good

C.possible

D.But

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞性混用。A選項修飾的詞語是answer，因此meaning應改為形容詞性的meaningful“有意義的”。

15.單選題

Somescientistshypothesizedthatthereareintellectualbeingsonsome（

）bodies.

問題1選項

A.astronautic

B.celestial

C.astronomical

D.astrological

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項astronautic“太空航行的，宇航員的”，C項astronomical“天文的，天文學的”，D項astrological“占星的，占星學的，占星術(shù)的”，B項celestial“天上的，天空的”，celestialbody表示“天體”。由intellectualbeings“有智力的生物”可知，空格部分表示“在一些天體上”。句意：一些科學家假設某些天體上有智慧生物。因此，該題選擇B項正確。

16.單選題

Frostbittenfingersandtoesshouldbetreatedwithlukewarmwater.

問題1選項

A.frigid

B.tepid

C.boiling

D.steamy

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。lukewarm意為“微溫的，溫和的，不熱情的”；frigid意為“寒冷的，嚴寒的”；tepid意為“不冷不熱的，微溫的，不熱情的”；boiling意為“熾熱的，沸騰的，激昂的”；steamy意為“蒸汽的，充滿水汽的”。

句意：凍傷的手指和腳趾應該用溫水處理。

17.單選題

Becausefolkartisneithercompletelyrejectednoracceptedasanartformbyarthistorians,theirfinalevaluationsofitnecessarilyremain（

）.

問題1選項

A.arbitrary

B.estimable

C.unspoken

D.equivocal

【答案】D

【解析】考察形容詞詞義辨析。arbitrary“任意的，任性的”；estimable“值得尊敬的”；unspoken“未說出口的，不言而喻的”；equivocal“模棱兩可的，意義不確的”。句意：因為藝術(shù)家既不會完全否認也不接受民間藝術(shù)是一種藝術(shù)形式，他們關(guān)于它（民間藝術(shù)）的評論是模棱兩可的。選項D符合題意。

18.單選題

ThanksinnosmallparttoA1Goreandhisfilmproducers,theAmericanpubliciswakinguptotheseriousnessofglobalwarming.WhatisnotsowidelyappreciatedisthatunlesstheUSgovernmentactsurgentlyanddecisively,thisproblemcouldveryquicklygetverymuchworse.

ForreasonsbotheconomicandpoliticalcoalispoisedtobethefuelofchoiceinthecomingdecadesastheUSweansitselfoffforeignoil.CoalcombustiongenerateshalftheUS'selectricityandreleasesabout1.5billiontonsofcarbondioxideayear.Ifpresenttrendscontinue,thesefigureswillmorethandoubleby2050,muchtothedetrimentoftheworld'sclimate.Withoutanalternativefuel,theonlysolutionistocaptureandstorecarbondioxidefromburningcoal.

Overcomingtheengineeringobstaclesinthewayoflarge-scalesequestrationofcarbondioxidewillbehardenough,butthebiggerchallengeisoneofpoliticalwill.UScompaniesasyethavenoincentivetocapturecarbonemissions.Whilemovesatstateandcongressionallevelsarepushingintherightdirection,theambiguityintheadministration'spolicyiscounterproductive.

ItistimefortheUSgovernmenttoputapriceoncarbonemissionssoutilitiesthatinvestintechnologiestoreducecarbonemissionswillseetheireffortsrewarded.Suchamovewouldnotonlyreducetherisksassociatedwithglobalwarming,butalsogoalongwaytorestoringAmerica'sgreencredentials.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,whataddstotheseriousnessofglobalwarming?

2.Whichofthefollowingistrueabouttheobstaclesforeffectivelycapturingcarbonemissions?

3.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestasasolutiontotheproblem?

問題1選項

A.TheAmericanpublicwasignorantoftheproblem.

B.TheAmericangovernmentisdoingnothingtodealwiththeproblem.

C.TheUSwillchoosecoalasthemajorfuelwhichwillhavelargecarbonemissions.

D.Thereisnoalternativefuelotherthanforeignoilwhichhaslargecarbonemissions.

問題2選項

A.Theexistingtechnologyisonlyabletodealwithlarge-scalecarbonemissions.

B.Thecompaniesarenothighlymotivatedinadoptingnewtechnologies.

C.Thegovernmentpolicyforusingcoalandoiliscounterproductive.

D.Thecompaniesfeelreluctanttobeinvolvedinpoliticalissues.

問題3選項

A.Thegovernmentshouldchargecarbonemissionssoastoencouragecompaniestoadoptnewtechnology.

B.Thegovernmentshouldrewardutilitiesthatinvestintechnologiestoreducecarbonemission.

C.Thegovernmentshouldmakelong-timeeffortstoencouragepeopletoplantmoretrees.

D.Thegovernmentshouldpayforlarge-scalecarbonemissions.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:B

【解析】1.細節(jié)推理題。題干：作者認為，是什么加劇了全球變暖的嚴重性？文章手段提到了關(guān)鍵詞“全球變暖”，并指向美國政府的不作為會導致情況迅速惡化。因此答案出現(xiàn)在第二段“ForreasonsbotheconomicandpoliticalcoalispoisedtobethefuelofchoiceinthecomingdecadesastheUSweansitselfoffforeignoil”，出于經(jīng)濟和政治原因，美國政府選擇煤炭作為燃料。因此C選項符合題意。

2.判斷推理題。題干：關(guān)于有效控制碳排放的障礙，下列哪一項是正確的？由關(guān)鍵詞定位到文章第三段“theambiguityintheadministration'spolicyiscounterproductive”，說明是政府政策上的模糊性使控制達不到預期效果。因此C選項符合題意。

3.細節(jié)推理題。題干：作者建議如何解決這個問題？最后一段中，作者提到“ItistimefortheUSgovernmenttoputapriceoncarbonemissionssoutilitiesthatinvestintechnologiestoreducecarbonemissionswillseetheireffortsrewarded”，說明作者建議美國政府為碳排放進行定價，投資開發(fā)減少二氧化碳排放的科技。因此B選項符合題意。

19.單選題

Sheopenedthepacketandemptiedthe（）intoasaucepan.

問題1選項

A.fullness

B.container

C.refills

D.contents

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項fullness“充滿，豐富”；B選項container“容器”；C選項refills“再裝滿”；D選項contents“內(nèi)容”。根據(jù)句意“她打開袋子，把里面的東西倒進了鍋里。”只有選項D最符合語境。

20.單選題

Inorderto（）theagreementbetweentheemployeeandtheemployer,bothsidesmustsignit.

問題1選項

A.extract

B.endorse

C.notify

D.validate

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。A選項extract“提取；取出；摘錄；榨取”；B選項endorse“背書；認可；簽署；贊同”；C選項notify“通告，通知；公布”；D選項validate“證實，驗證；確認；使生效”。句意：為了使雇員和雇主之間的協(xié)議生效，雙方必須在該協(xié)議上簽字。因此D選項正確。

21.單選題

Cultureisoneofthemostchallengingelementsoftheinternationalmarketplace.Thissystemoflearnedbehaviorpatternscharacteristicofthemembersofagivensocietyisconstantlyshapedbyasetofdynamicvariables:language,religion,valuesandattitudes,mannersandcustoms,aesthetics,technology,education,andsocialinstitutions.Tocopewiththissystem,aninternationalmanagerneedsbothfactualandinterpretiveknowledgeofculture.Tosomeextent,thefactualknowledgecanbelearned;itsinterpretationcomesonlythroughexperience.

Themostcomplicatedproblemsindealingwiththeculturalenvironmentstemfromthefactthatonecannotlearnculture—onehastoliveit.Twoschoolsofthoughtexistinthebusinessworldonhowtodealwithculturaldiversity.Oneisthatbusinessisbusinesstheworldaround,followingthemodelofPepsiandMcDonald’s.Insomecases,globalizationisafactoflife;however,culturaldifferencesarestillfarfromconverging.

Theotherschoolproposesthatcompaniesmusttailorbusinessapproachestoindividualcultures.Settinguppoliciesandproceduresineachcountryhasbeencomparedtoanorgantransplant;thecriticalquestioncentersaroundacceptanceorrejection.Themajorchallengetotheinternationalmanageristomakesurethatrejectionisnotaresultofculturalmyopiaorevenblindness.

Fortuneexaminedtheinternationalperformanceofadozenlargecompaniesthatearn20percentormoreoftheirrevenueoverseas.Theinternationallysuccessfulcompaniesallshareanimportantquality:patience.Theyhavenotrushedintosituationsbutratherbuilttheiroperationscarefullybyfollowingthemostbasicbusinessprinciples.Theseprinciplesaretoknowyouradversary,knowyouraudience,andknowyourcustomer.

41.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingistrue?（）

42.Accordingtotheauthor,themodelofPepsi（）.

43.Thetwoschoolsofthought（）.

44.Thisarticleissupposedtobemostusefulforthose（）.

45.AccordingtoFortune,successfulinternationalcompanies（）.

問題1選項

A.Allinternationalmanagerscanlearnculture.

B.Businessdiversityisnotnecessary.

C.Viewsdifferonhowtotreatcultureinbusinessworld.

D.Mostpeopledonotknowforeignculturewell.

問題2選項

A.isinlinewiththetheoriesoftheschooladvocatingthebusinessisbusinesstheworldaround

B.isdif