考研考博-英語-安徽國際商務(wù)職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-安徽國際商務(wù)職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

TheNuttyProfessorwaswrittenoffas（）,butinactuality,hewasasmartman!

問題1選項

A.complicity

B.effigy

C.inane

D.diatribe

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞義辨析。A選項complicity“共謀；串通；共犯關(guān)系”；B選項effigy“雕像；肖像”；C選項inane“空洞的；愚蠢的”；D選項diatribe“誹謗；惡罵”。句意：肥佬教授被描寫成愚蠢的，但是在現(xiàn)實中他卻是一個聰明的人。結(jié)合句意可知C選項正確。

2.單選題

Neglecthasacceleratedtheprocessofthisbuilding’s（

）?

問題1選項

A.decline

B.egeneration

C.decay

D.wither

【答案】C

【解析】名詞辨析題。decline下降，衰退；degeneration退化，惡化；decay衰減，衰敗，腐爛；wither枯萎，凋謝。句意：疏忽大意加速了這座建筑物的衰敗。選項C更符合語境。

3.單選題

Thepoorsufferedthemostinthecalamity,andtheyarenowexperiencingthebrutalizingeffectsofwhattheactivistjournalistNaomiKleinhasrightlytermed“disastercapitalism”,asforeigncorporationsseektoprofitfromthereconstructionwhiletheresidentsofthefishingvillagesthatformerlyoccupiedthearea（

）.

問題1選項

A.arebeingforcedtorelocate

B.isbeingforcedtorelocate

C.arebeingforcedtoberelocated

D.areforcedtoberelocated

【答案】A

【解析】考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。While引導(dǎo)一個完整的句子，主語resident是復(fù)數(shù)，因此排除B選項。relocate“重新安置；遷移”，本句表明“居民被迫遷往他處”，因此relocate無須使用被動語態(tài)，排除C和D。主句使用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時態(tài)，因此從句也表示現(xiàn)在正在發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài)，使用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時。A選項符合題意。

4.單選題

Fewerandfeweroftoday’sworkersexpecttospendtheirworkinglivesinthesamefield,（）thesamecompany.

問題1選項

A.allelse

B.muchworse

C.lesslikely

D.letalone

【答案】D

【解析】考查語義辨析。A選項allelse“其他所有”；B選項muchworse“更糟糕的是”；C選項lesslikely“更不可能的是”；D選項letalone“更不必說”，句意為：如今想在同一個領(lǐng)域干一輩子的工人越來越少，更不用說同一個公司了。D選項符合句意，因此選D。

5.單選題

Everymaninthiscountryhastherighttolivewherehewantsto,（

）thecolorofhisskin.

問題1選項

A.withtheexceptionof

B.inthelightof

C.byvirtueof

D.regardlessof

【答案】D

【解析】詞組詞義辨析。withtheexceptionof除以外；inthelightof根據(jù)，依據(jù)；byvirtueof依靠，憑借，由于；regardlessof不顧，不管。句意：這個國家的每個人都有權(quán)住在他想住的地方，不管他的膚色如何。選項D符合句意。

6.單選題

Iaskedthecounselortogivemea（）estimateofthefeeofdefendingmycaseincourt.

問題1選項

A.rude

B.crude

C.rough

D.coarse

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項rude表示“粗魯?shù)?；無禮的，未開化的”，B選項crude表示“粗糙的，天然的，未加工的”，C選項rough表示“粗糙的，粗略的，艱苦的，未加工的”，D選項coarse表示“粗鄙的；粗糙的”。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞estimate可知，我讓律師對我的案件上庭辯護(hù)所需費(fèi)用進(jìn)行粗略估算。因此，只有C項最符合原文語境，故本題正確答案為C選項。

7.單選題

TheshuttleColumbiawasdoomedinpartbecauseNASAreliedonflawedcomputersimulationsandmathematicalformulasthatfailedtoaccuratelypredictdamagetotheshuttlefromflyingpiecesoffoam,documentsreleasedbythespaceagencyandthegroupinvestigatingtheaccidentshow.

NuclearandaviationindustrysafetyexpertswhoarefamiliarwiththesortsofanalysesNASAusedsayspaceagencyofficialswerewrongtorelyonthesimulationstogaugerisks.Instead,theexpertssay,theyshouldhaveperformedtestsonshuttlecomponentstodeterminethedamagethatfoamfromthefueltankmightdotoitswing.

Thesesimulationsandformulassomedonebeforethelaunch,othersdoneduringthemissionoftenwerebasedonerroneousassumptionsabouttheabilityoftheshuttletowithstanddamage.NASAmanagersassumeditwassafeforColumbiatoreturntoEartheventhoughfoamhadstruckthewing.

Thefoamhittheleftwing82secondsafterliftoffandbrokethroughoneofthecarbonpanelsdesignedtoprotectthewingsfromtheintenseheatofre-entry.Columbiabrokeapartasitre-enteredEarth’satmosphereonFeb.1.Allsevenastronautswerekilled.

Today,theColumbiaAccidentInvestigationBoardWillissueitsfindingsonwhatcausedtheaccident.Inadditiontodetailinghowtheblowfromthefoamledtothebreak-up,theboardwilldocumenthowdecisionsbyNASAmanagersunderestimatedtheperilColumbiafacedandhowtheyignoredwarnings,accordingtopreviouspublicstatementsfromboardmembers.

Theindependentboard’sreportalsoisexpectedtofindthattheNASAsafetyofficewasineffectiveandunderfunded.

AmongtheareastobediscussedisNASA’srelianceoncomputersimulationsandmathematicalmodels.Beforethemission—andagainafterfuzzyphotosshowedthefoamhadhitColumbia’swing-simulationsandotheranalysesledtopoordecisionsbyNASAmanagers,documentsshow.ThesimulationsappeartohaveblindedthemtodangersignalsaboutfoamonearlierflightsandledthemtodramaticallyunderestimatethethreattoColumbia.Theindependentboard’sreportalsoisexpectedtofindthattheNASAsafetyofficewasineffectiveandunderfunded.

Inonecase,duringtheColumbiamission,atleast75shuttleexpertswithNASAanditscontractorsweresoconcernedaboutthepoorqualityofdatainananalysistheywerepreparingthattheyrecommendedtakingphotosoftheshuttleinspace,sourcessay.Thosephotoscouldhaveshownwhetherfoamhaddamagedtheleftwing.

Instead,NASAmanagerstrustedtheanalysisthattheexpertssaidwassoflawed.Theanalysiswronglyestimatedwherethefoamhitandconcludedthattheshuttlehadnotsustainedsignificantdamage.HadNASAknowntheextentofthedamage,theagencymighthavelaunchedarescuemissiontotrytosaveColumbia’screw.

EngineersconnectedtotheanalysissaytheyareangryandpuzzledthatNASAwouldnotseekphotosfromsatellitesortelescopes.NASAmanagerssaytheywerenottoldofthelimitationsoncomputersimulationsandanalyses.

Bynecessity,NASAreliesheavilyoncomputermodelsandotheranalysistoolstoprovidecluesaboutwhathappenstotheshuttlefromlaunchuntilre-entry.Itcannoteasilyrecreatetheextremetemperaturesofspaceinalab.Usedproperly,suchanalysescanimprovesafety.Indeed,analysistechniquesroutinelyhelpdesignsaferjetwingsandnuclearplants.

Butsafetyexpertsinhigh-riskindustriessaythey’velearnedthehardwaymathematicalformulasandcomputersimulationscannotfullymimicnature.SeveralmajoraviationcrashesandtheThreeMileIslandnuclearaccidentwerecausedbypooranalyses,expertssay.

“Youneedtotakeintoaccounttheuncertainties”saysElizabethPate-Cornell,chairmanofthemanagementsciencesandengineeringdepartmentatStanfordUniversity.“It’stheoldstory:garbagein,garbageout.”

AsColumbiaorbited,engineerserroneouslyconcludedthefoamcouldnotdamagethewing’scarbonpanels.Theanalysiswasbasedonearliertestsofsmallicepelletshittingthepanels.Butthosetestscouldnotpredictwhetheralargechunkoffoamwouldcausedamage.

AcomputerprogramknownasCrater,whichengineersusedtopredictwhetherthefoamdamagedtheceramictilesbeneathColumbia’swing,hadnotbeendesignedtoaccountforimpactsfromlargepiecesoffoam.

1.Nuclearandaviationsafetyexperts（）.

2.Intheauthorsopinion,NASAmanagers（）.

3.TheColumbiaAccidentInvestigationBoardwillissueitsfindingswithregardtothefollowingEXCEPT（）.

4.NASAmanagersmadepoordecisionsbecausetheydidNOT（）.

5.Safetyexpertsinhigh-riskindustriesindicatethatcomputersimulations（）.

問題1選項

A.knowverywellthesortsofanalysesmadebyNASAmanagers

B.indicatethatspaceagencyofficialsreliedonthewronganalyses

C.believethatspaceagencyofficialsshouldhavemademoresimulations

D.stronglycriticizespaceagencyofficialsforbeingunscrupulous

問題2選項

A.madewronghypothesisconclusionsaboutthesafetyofColumbia

B.infactknewclearlywhatkindofdangerColumbiawouldface

C.feltitdifficulttopredictwhatmighthappentoColumbiaasitreturnedtoEarth

D.didnotrealizethattheleftwingofColumbiawashitbythefoamafterliftoff

問題3選項

A.whytheshuttlebrokeapartasitreturnedtoEarth

B.howthefoamhittingtheleftwingcausedtheaccident

C.howdecisionsbyNASAmanagersweremade

D.howNASAmanagersmisunderstooddangersignals

問題4選項

A.getallthefindingsofdataanalyses

B.knowtheshuttlehadsignificantdamage

C.getalongwellwithshuttleexpert

D.trusttheanalysisproducedbysimulation

問題5選項

A.arenotreliableatall

B.yieldedpooranalyses

C.haveseverelimitations

D.shouldbeabandoned

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。由題干可定位到文章第二段第一句話“NuclearandaviationindustrysafetyexpertswhoarefamiliarwiththesortsofanalysesNASAusedsayspaceagencyofficialswerewrongtorelyonthesimulationstogaugerisks.（熟悉NASA使用的分析的核能和航空安全專家說，航天局官員錯誤地依賴模擬來衡量風(fēng)險。）”。A選項“非常了解NASA管理人員所做的各種分析”文中沒有提到；B選項“指出太空總署官員依賴錯誤的分析”正確；C選項“認(rèn)為太空總署的官員應(yīng)該做更多的模擬”沒有直接在文中明說；D選項“強(qiáng)烈批評航天局官員的肆無忌憚”文中沒有提到，因此B選項正確。

2.作者意圖題。由題干可定位到第三段第一句話“Thesesimulationsandformulassomedonebeforethelaunch,othersdoneduringthemissionoftenwerebasedonerroneousassumptionsabouttheabilityoftheshuttletowithstanddamage.（這些模擬和公式，有些是在發(fā)射前完成的，而在任務(wù)期間所做的其他模擬和公式往往是基于對航天飛機(jī)承受損害能力的錯誤假設(shè)。）”。A選項“對哥倫比亞號的安全性做出錯誤的假設(shè)結(jié)論”正確；B選項“事實上很清楚哥倫比亞將面臨什么樣的危險”說法錯誤，管理人員低估了自己的錯誤對哥倫比亞號造成的危險；C選項“覺得很難預(yù)測哥倫比亞號返回地球時會發(fā)生什么”說法錯誤，管理人員覺得哥倫比亞號能安全返回地球；D選項“沒有意識到哥倫比亞號的左翼在升空后被泡沫擊中”說法錯誤，管理人員預(yù)測到了，只是他們錯誤地評估了航天飛機(jī)的承傷能力，因此A選項正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。由題干定位到文中第五段“Today,theColumbiaAccidentInvestigationBoardWillissueitsfindingsonwhatcausedtheaccident.Inadditiontodetailinghowtheblowfromthefoamledtothebreak-up,theboardwilldocumenthowdecisionsbyNASAmanagersunderestimatedtheperilColumbiafacedandhowtheyignoredwarnings,accordingtopreviouspublicstatementsfromboardmembers.（今天，哥倫比亞事故調(diào)查委員會將發(fā)布事故原因的調(diào)查結(jié)果。根據(jù)此前董事會成員公開聲明，除了詳細(xì)說明泡沫的打擊如何導(dǎo)致分解外，委員會還將記錄NASA管理人員如何低估哥倫比亞面臨的危險以及他們?nèi)绾魏鲆暰?。）”。A選項“為什么航天飛機(jī)在返回地球時分裂了”；B選項“泡沫是如何撞擊左翼造成事故的”；C選項“NASA管理者是如何做出決定的”都在文中提到過，只有D選項“NASA管理者如何誤解危險信號”沒有提到，因此D選項正確。

4.判斷推理題。由題干可定位到文中第八、九段。文中說到安全專家非常擔(dān)心他們準(zhǔn)備的分析數(shù)據(jù)的質(zhì)量太低，他們建議在太空中給航天飛機(jī)拍照，然而管理人員相信自己的實驗數(shù)據(jù)，所以引發(fā)了事故。A選項“得到所有數(shù)據(jù)分析的結(jié)果”；B選項“知道航天飛機(jī)有嚴(yán)重的損壞”；C選項“與航天飛機(jī)專家相處融洽”都不符合原文，D選項“相信模擬產(chǎn)生的分析”正確，因此D選項正確。

5.判斷推理題。由題干可定位到文中第十段“NASAmanagerssaytheywerenottoldofthelimitationsoncomputersimulationsandanalyses.（美國宇航局的管理人員說，他們沒有被告知計算機(jī)模擬和分析的局限性。）”和第十二段“Butsafetyexpertsinhigh-riskindustriessaythey’velearnedthehardwaymathematicalformulasandcomputersimulationscannotfullymimicnature.（但高風(fēng)險行業(yè)的安全專家說，他們已經(jīng)學(xué)到了數(shù)學(xué)公式和計算機(jī)模擬無法完全模擬自然的艱難方法。）”。由此可知計算機(jī)模擬無法完全模擬自然危險，因此具有局限性。A選項“完全不可靠”；B選項“產(chǎn)生不良分析”和D選項“應(yīng)該被廢棄”都不正確，C選項“有嚴(yán)重的局限性”符合題意，因此C選項正確。

8.單選題

Real-timewebsearch—whichscoursonlythelatestupdatestoserviceslikeTwitter—iscurrentlygeneratingquiteabuzzbecauseitcanprovideaglimpseofwhatpeoplearoundtheworldarethinkingordoingatanygivenmoment.Interestinthiskindofsearchissogreatthat,accordingtorecentleaks,GoogleisconsideringbuyingTwitter.

Thelatestresearchfromtheinteractsearchgiant,though,suggeststhatreal-timeresultscouldbeevenmorepowerful—theymayrevealthefutureaswellasthepresent.

GoogleresearchersHyunyoungChoiandHalVariancombineddatafromGoogleTrendsonthepopularityofdifferentsearchtermswithmodelsusedbyeconomiststopredicttrendsinareassuchastravelandhomesales.Theresult?Betterforecastsinalmosteverycase.Itworksbecausesearchesrevealsomethingaboutpeople’sintentions.Googlehasdemonstratedbeforethatsearchdatacanpredictfluoutbreaks,andlastweekWorldBankeconomistErikFeyensaidhecouldcuterrorsinamodelthatforecastslendingtotheprivatesectorby15%usingGooglesearchdata.

Butreal-timeresultscouldhaveevenmorepredictivepower:knowingwhatpeopleareactuallydoing,notjustthinking,ataparticularinstantgivesastronghintofthefutureconsequences.

JohanBollenofLosAlamosNationalLaboratoryandAlbertoPepeoftheUniversityofCalifornia,LosAngeles,appliedamoodratingsystemtothetextfromover10,000FutureMeemailssentin2006togaugepeople’shopes,fearsandpredictionsforthefuture.Theyfoundthatemailsdirectedat2007to2012weresignificantlymoredepressedintonethanmessagesaimedatthesubsequentsixyears.Couldtheyhavepredictedtheworld’scurrenteconomicslump?

Withoutmoredata,thatisnomorethananintriguingpossibility.SoBollenplanstolookatmoreFutureMeemails,aswellasTwittermessages,tosearchformoodswingsthatforeshadowothereconomicchanges.Ifhefindsanysuchlinks,thesamesourcesmightbeusedtotryandpredictfutureeconomicfluctuations.

Sowillouronlinefootstepsbecomeacentralpartofeconomicforecasting?We’llhavetowaitandsee—orperhapsdoaquickwebsearch.

1.Whatis“real-time”websearchlikeTwitter?

2.WhatistheresultofresearchestablishedbyGoogleresearchersHyunyoungChoiandHalVarian?

3.WhatcanweinferfromPara.5?

4.What'sthemeaningof“Withoutmoredata,thatisnomorethananintriguingpossibility.”？

5.What'stheattitudeofauthortoreal-timesearch?

問題1選項

A.Ittellsuswhatpeopledidinpastdays.

B.Itgeneratesquiteabuzzinrecentdays.

C.Itprovideslatestnewsabouteverything.

D.Itinformswhatpeopledointhefuture.

問題2選項

A.Theygainnothingspecialfromthecombinationofdataandmodels.

B.Theyindeedrevealsomethingaboutpeople’sintentionsinsuchareas.

C.Theyfindthatthefuturetrendscannotbepredictedfromtheresearch.

D.Theytotallyunderstandthefuturetrendsoftheseareasfromresearch.

問題3選項

A.ItispossibleforresearcherstogetsomehintsfromtheFutureMeemails.

B.Thereisnorelationshipbetweenthedepressionandeconomicslump.

C.Thereisapotentialrelationshipbetweendepressionandeconomicslump.

D.TheFutureMeemailsmayindicatepeople’sreactionaboutfutureprediction.

問題4選項

A.Moredataarenecessarytoturnthispossibilitytobereality.

B.Thepossibilityisjustallintriguingpossibilitywithoutdata.

C.Noamountofdatacannotbeastrongproofforthepossibility.

D.Moredataareneededtoturnitouttobeapurepossibility.

問題5選項

A.Negative.

B.Critical.

C.Optimistic.

D.Indifferent.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。由第一段“Real-timewebsearch—whichscoursonlythelatestupdatestoserviceslikeTwitter—iscurrentlygeneratingquiteabuzzbecauseitcanprovideaglimpseofwhatpeoplearoundtheworldarethinkingordoingatanygivenmoment.實時網(wǎng)絡(luò)搜索——像twitter一樣只搜索最新的信息——目前正引起相當(dāng)大的轟動，因為它可以讓人們窺見世界各地人們在任何特定時刻的所思所為?！笨芍獙崟r的網(wǎng)絡(luò)搜索可以實時提供人們的信息，故C項正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。由第三段“Theresult?Betterforecastsinalmosteverycase.Itworksbecausesearchesrevealsomethingaboutpeople’sintentions.結(jié)果呢?在幾乎所有情況下都有更好的預(yù)測。它之所以有效，是因為搜索揭示了人們的一些意圖?！笨芍狟項正確。

3.推理判斷題。由第五段“Theyfoundthatemailsdirectedat2007to2012weresignificantlymoredepressedintonethanmessagesaimedatthesubsequentsixyears.Couldtheyhavepredictedtheworld’scurrenteconomicslump?他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，指向2007年至2012年的電子郵件在語氣上明顯要比指向隨后六年的郵件更加沮喪。他們能預(yù)測到世界目前的經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退嗎?”可知“未來的我”郵件是否與經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退有聯(lián)系還不得而知。故ABC三項錯誤。D項“未來的我”郵件可能表明人們對未來預(yù)測的反應(yīng)?！闭_。

4.推理判斷題。Withoutmoredata,thatisnomorethananintriguingpossibility.SoBollenplanstolookatmoreFutureMeemails,aswellasTwittermessages,tosearchformoodswingsthatforeshadowothereconomicchanges.沒有更多的數(shù)據(jù)，這只是一個有趣的可能性。因此，博倫計劃查看更多的“未來的我”郵件和Twitter信息，以搜索預(yù)示著其他經(jīng)濟(jì)變化的情緒波動?！笨芍@句話的含義是需要研究更多的數(shù)據(jù)來證實這種可能性。故A項正確。

5.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。由最后一段“Sowillouronlinefootstepsbecomeacentralpartofeconomicforecasting?We’llhavetowaitandsee—orperhapsdoaquickwebsearch.那么，我們在網(wǎng)上的腳步會成為經(jīng)濟(jì)預(yù)測的核心部分嗎?我們將不得不等待和觀察——或者做一個快速的網(wǎng)絡(luò)搜索?！笨芍髡邔τ趯崟r的搜索持樂觀態(tài)度。故C項正確。

9.單選題

Icanappreciatethe（

）thatpromptsyoutomakethisoffer.

問題1選項

A.magnet

B.intellect

C.motion

D.motive

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。magnet意為“磁鐵，磁石”；intellect意為“智力，理解力”；motion意為“運(yùn)動”；motive意為“動機(jī)，原因”。

句意：我能理解促使你做出這個提議的動機(jī)。

10.單選題

______wasnotourconcern.

問題1選項

A.Nomatterhowhemightpasstheexamination

B.Whetherhepassedtheexaminationornot

C.Thoughhemightpasstheexamination

D.Whilehepassedtheexamination

【答案】B

【解析】考查主語從句。句意：他考試及格與否不關(guān)我們的事。橫線部分為主語從句。B選項Whetherhepassedtheexaminationornot中whether…ornot“無論，是否”，符合題意。A選項Nomatterhowhemightpasstheexamination去掉might選項符合語法，翻譯成：無論他怎樣通過考試。C選項Thoughhemightpasstheexamination中though“盡管”，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，不符合語境。D選項Whilehepassedtheexamination中while“當(dāng)……的時候”，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，不符合語境。因此B選項正確。

11.單選題

Biologyisbeingrebornasaninformationscience,aprogenyoftheInformationAge.Asinformationscientists,biologistsconcernthemselveswiththemessagesthatsustainlife,suchastheintricateseriesofsignalsthatledafertilizedeggtodevelopintoafull-grownorganism,ortheorchestratedresponsetheimmunesystemmakestoaninvadingpathogen.Moleculesconveyinformation,anditistheirmessagesthatareofparamountimportance.Eachmoleculeinteractswithasetofothermoleculesandeachsetcommunicateswithanotherset,suchthatallareinterconnected.Networksofpeoplebringaboutculturesandsocieties,andnetworksofspeciesencompassecosystem.Lifeisawebandthewebislife.

Ironically,itwastheeuphoriaformoleculesthattouchedoffthisscientificRevolution.Inthe1980sonlyatinypercentageofthemillionsofdifferentmolecularcomponentsoflivingbeingswereknown.Inordertogainaccesstothesemolecules,anewscienceandevenanewindustryhadtobecreated.Genomicsisthedevelopmentandapplicationofresearchtoolsthatuncoverandanalyzethousandsofdifferentmoleculesatatime.Thisnewapproachtobiologyhasbeensosuccessfulthatuniversitieshavecreatedentiredepartmentsdevotedtoit,andallmajorpharmaceuticalcompaniesnowhavelargegenomicsdivisions.Genomicshasgrantedbiologistsunprecedentedaccesstothemoleculesoflife,butthisismorethanjustatechnologicalrevolution.Throughgenomicsmassiveamountsofbiologicalinformationcanbeconvertedintoanelectronicformat.Thisdirectlylinksthelifesciencestothedramaticallynewframeworkforunderstandinglife.

Informationisamessage,abitofnews.Itmaybeencodedordecoded.Itmaybecoveredbysmokesignals,pictures,soundwaves,electromagneticwaves,orinnumerousothermedia,buttheinformationitselfisnotmadeofanything.Ithasnomass.

Furthermore,informationalwayshasasenderandanintendedreceiver.Thisimpliesanunderlyingintent,meaning,orpurpose.Informationtheorythusmayseemunfitforthecoldobjectivismofscience.Thefocusoftheinformationscience,however,isnotsomuchoninformationcontent,butratheronhowmessagesareconveyed,processed,andstored.

Advancesinthisareahavebeengreatandhavehelpedtopropeltheremarkabledevelopmentofthecomputerandtelecommunicationindustries.Couldtheseforcesbeharnessedtobetterunderstandthehumanbodyandtoimprovehumanhealth?

51.Theprimarypurposeofthispassageisto（）.

52.ThepassagementionseachofthefollowingasanexampleofelementsinterrelatingtoformalargerwholeExcept（）.

53.Accordingtothepassage,the“dramaticallynewframework”isoneinwhich（）.

54.Accordingtothepassage,informationtheory“mayseemunfitforthecoldobjectivismof

science”because（）.

55.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthefunctionofthefinalparagraphinrelationtotherestofthepassage?

問題1選項

A.refuteatheory

B.describetheoriginsofamisconception

C.analyzedifferentperspectivesonaphenomenon

D.describeanewtrendinafieldofstudy

問題2選項

A.moleculesformingacell

B.organismsforminganecosystem

C.pathogensformingtheimmunesystem

D.cellsforminganorganism

問題3選項

A.biologicaldateistranslatedintoanewform

B.theimmunesystemattacksapathogen

C.geneticresearchreceivesmorefederalfunding

D.forcesareharnessedtobetterunderstandthehumanbody

問題4選項

A.itcanbeconveyedbysoundwaves

B.itisbettersuitedtocommercialindustrythantoacademicstudy

C.itsuggeststhatmessagesmayhavemeaningorpurpose

D.itanalyzesbiologicalinformation

問題5選項

A.Itmodifiesatheorypresentedearlier.

B.Itindicatesactualandpotentialconsequencesofgenomics.

C.Itraisesdoubtsaboutthevalueofgenomics.

D.Itprovidesasolutiontoaproblemmentionedearlier.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】51.主旨大意題。本文主要敘述了生物學(xué)研究的新趨勢，生物學(xué)現(xiàn)在是信息科學(xué)，用信息手段探索生命。因此D選項“描述一個研究領(lǐng)域的新趨勢”，正確，符合題意。A選項“反駁一個理論”，B選項“描述一種誤解的起源”；C選項“從不同的角度分析一個現(xiàn)象”均與題意不符，可排除。故選D。

52.推理判斷題。定位在第一段Asinformationscientists,biologistsconcernthemselveswiththemessagesthatsustainlife,suchastheintricateseriesofsignalsthatledafertilizedeggtodevelopintoafull-grownorganism,ortheorchestratedresponsetheimmunesystemmakestoaninvadingpathogen.（作為信息科學(xué)家，生物學(xué)家關(guān)心維持生命的信息，比如使受精卵發(fā)育成為成熟生物體的復(fù)雜的一系列信號，或者免疫系統(tǒng)對入侵病原體做出的協(xié)調(diào)反應(yīng)。）Networksofpeoplebringaboutculturesandsocieties,andnetworksofspeciesencompassecosystem.（人的網(wǎng)絡(luò)形成文化和社會，物種的網(wǎng)絡(luò)構(gòu)成了生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。）根據(jù)題干信息哪項不是元素相互關(guān)聯(lián)構(gòu)成更大的整體的例子。A選項“形成細(xì)胞的分子”，B選項“由有機(jī)體形成生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的”，C選項“病原體形成免疫系統(tǒng)”，D選項“細(xì)胞形成有機(jī)體”。A，B，D選項均是由小變大的例子。C選項根據(jù)原文，應(yīng)該是一個大的、整體性的免疫系統(tǒng)，會對小的、部分性的病原體做出協(xié)調(diào)反應(yīng)。因此C選項不符合題意。故選C。

53.詞義推測題。定位到原文Throughgenomicsmassiveamountsofbiologicalinformationcanbeconvertedintoanelectronicformat.Thisdirectlylinksthelifesciencestothedramaticallynewframeworkforunderstandinglife.（通過基因組學(xué)，大量的生物信息可以被轉(zhuǎn)換成電子格式。這直接使生命科學(xué)以全新框架來理解生命。）由此可判斷dramaticallynewframework“全新的框架”根據(jù)指示代詞this可知是指代前面的內(nèi)容即生物數(shù)據(jù)可以被轉(zhuǎn)換成電子格式，因此A選項“生物數(shù)據(jù)被轉(zhuǎn)換成一種新的形式”，正確，符合題意。B選項“免疫系統(tǒng)攻擊病原體”，C選項“基因研究得到了更多的聯(lián)邦資助”，D選項“人們利用各種力量來更好地了解人體”，均不符題意，可排除。故選A。

54.推理判斷題。定位在第四段Furthermore,informationalwayshasasenderandanintendedreceiver.Thisimpliesanunderlyingintent,meaning,orpurpose.Informationtheorythusmayseemunfitforthecoldobjectivismofscience.Thefocusoftheinformationscience,however,isnotsomuchoninformationcontent,butratheronhowmessagesareconveyedprocessed,andstored.（此外，信息往往有發(fā)送者和有意向的接收者。這隱含著一個潛在的意圖、意義或目的。信息理論因此似乎不適合科學(xué)的冰冷的客觀主義。信息科學(xué)的焦點(diǎn)，然而，與其說是在信息內(nèi)容上，不如說是在如何傳達(dá)、處理和存儲信息上。）根據(jù)關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)thus“因此”可知，信息理論似乎不適合科學(xué)的冰冷的客觀主義的原因在前一句中可以找到。即信息隱含著一個潛在的意圖、意義或目的。因此C選項“它表明，信息可能有意義或目的”正確，符合題意。A選項“它可以通過聲波傳播”，B選項“它更適合商業(yè)工業(yè)而不是學(xué)術(shù)研究”，D選項“它分析生物信息”，均與題意不符。故選C。

55.推理判斷題。定位在最后一段Advancesinthisareahavebeengreatandhavehelpedtopropeltheremarkabledevelopmentofthecomputerandtelecommunicationindustries.Couldtheseforcesbeharnessedtobetterunderstandthehumanbodyandtoimprovehumanhealth?（信息科學(xué)的發(fā)展促使計算機(jī)和通訊產(chǎn)業(yè)的巨大發(fā)展，這是否應(yīng)該可以更好的幫助探索人體和改善人類健康呢？）以及文章的第一段Biologyisbeingrebornasaninformationscience,aprogenyoftheInformationAge.（生物學(xué)正在重生為一門信息科學(xué)，一門信息時代的產(chǎn)物。）Asinformationscientists,biologistsconcernthemselveswiththemessagesthatsustainlife,suchastheintricateseriesofsignalsthatledafertilizedeggtodevelopintoafull-grownorganism,ortheorchestratedresponsetheimmunesystemmakestoaninvadingpathogen.（作為信息科學(xué)家，生物學(xué)家關(guān)心的是維持生命的信息，比如使受精卵發(fā)育成為成熟生物體的復(fù)雜的一系列信號，或者免疫系統(tǒng)對入侵病原體做出的協(xié)調(diào)反應(yīng)。）由此可知，最后一段是對前面內(nèi)容的一些補(bǔ)充，因此A選項“它修飾了先前提出的一個理論”，正確，符合題意。B選項“它表明了基因組學(xué)的實際和潛在后果”，C選項“這引起了對基因組學(xué)價值的懷疑”，D選項“它為前面提到的問題提供了解決方案”，均與題意不符，可排除。故選A。

12.單選題

Youwillfindthesceneryissobeautifulifyouviewfromthe（

）ofthehill.

問題1選項

A.ceiling

B.summit

C.mantle

D.roof

【答案】B

【解析】句意：如果從山頂上看，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)風(fēng)景是如此的美麗。只有選項B符合句意。

13.單選題

Whileafullunderstandingofwhatcausesthediseasemaybeseveralyearsaway,______leadingtosuccessfultreatmentcouldcomemuchsooner.

問題1選項

A.adistinction

B.abreakthrough

C.anidentification

D.aninterpretation

【答案】B

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.adistinction差別，區(qū)別B.abreakthrough重大進(jìn)展，突破

C.anidentification鑒定，辨認(rèn)D.aninterpretation理解，解釋

【考查點(diǎn)】名詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)while可知，這里是一個讓步狀語從句，意思是“盡管要完全了解這種疾病的病因可能還需要幾年時間”，而主句提到“導(dǎo)致成功治療的______可能會很快到來”，可推知空格處表示“突破性進(jìn)展”，所以該題選擇B項。

【干擾項排除】A、C、D項不符合句意。

【句意】雖然要完全了解這種疾病的病因可能還需要幾年時間，但導(dǎo)致成功治療的突破性進(jìn)展可能會很快到來。

14.單選題

InsteadofthesomewhatobnoxiousnationalisticchestbeatingthatwentwithagreatdealtheSingaporeandMalaysiaversionofthe“debate”overAsianvalues,whatisnowcalledforisanexplanationofhowthesamesetofculturalvaluescouldhaveproducedboththedynamosandthedominoes.

問題1選項

A.sober

B.rhetoric

C.banal

D.veryunpleasant

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項sober“冷靜的”；B選項rhetoric“花言巧語的”；C選項banal“陳腐的”；D選項veryunpleasant“極不愉快的”；veryunpleasant正是表達(dá)了題目中“不愉快的”的意思。句意：與新加坡和馬來西亞版本的亞洲價值觀之“論戰(zhàn)”所帶來的令人不快的民族主義者的痛打相比，現(xiàn)在需要的是解釋同一套文化價值觀如何既產(chǎn)生了發(fā)電機(jī)又產(chǎn)生了多米諾骨牌。因此D選項正確。

15.單選題

Recentlyanumberofcaseshavebeenreportedofyoungchildren（）aviolentactpreviouslyseenontelevision.

問題1選項

A.duplicating

B.accelerating

C.stimulating

D.modifying

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞辨析。duplicate復(fù)制；accelerate加速，促進(jìn)；stimulate刺激，鼓舞；modify修改，修飾。從前后語義可推測兒童與從電視上看到的暴力行為之間的關(guān)系，應(yīng)該是兒童模仿電視上的暴力行為。故A項正確。句意：最近有一些兒童模仿電視上的暴力行為的報道。

16.單選題

Thefactisthatmotherhoodmakestheheaviestdemandsin（）heareasofleastexperience.

問題1選項

A.thatitmightbecalled

B.whatmightbecalled

C.whichmightbecalled

D.itmightbecalled

【答案】B

【解析】考查語法知識?？崭裉幩钤~在介詞in的賓語從句中充當(dāng)主語的成分，因此只有B選項符合題意。

17.單選題

Treesarearenewableresourcethatwhenmanagedproperlycan（

）ourneeds

indefinitely.

問題1選項

A.sustain

B.retain

C.maintain

D.obtain

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。sustain“維持”；retain“保持”；maintain“維持，維修”；obtain“獲得”。句意：樹木是可再生資源，如果管理得當(dāng)，它們無限期地滿足我們的需求。選項A符合題意。

18.單選題

SectionA

Everyhealthsysteminaneconomicallydevelopedsocietyisfacedwiththeneedtodecide(eitherformallyorinformally)whatproportionofthecommunity’stotalresourcesshouldbespentonhealth-care;howresourcesaretobeapportioned;whatdiseasesanddisabilitiesandwhichformsoftreatmentaretobegivenpriority;whichmembersofthecommunityaretobegivenspecialconsiderationinrespectoftheirhealthneeds;andwhichformsoftreatmentarethemostcost-effective.

SectionB

Whatisnewisthat,fromthe1950sonwards,therehavebeencertaingeneralchangesinoutlookaboutthefinitudeofresourcesasawholeandofhealth-careresourcesinparticular,aswellasmorespecificchangesregardingtheclienteleofhealth-careresourcesandthecosttothecommunityofthoseresources.Thus,inthe1950sand1960s,thereemergedanawarenessinWesternsocietiesthatresourcesfortheprovisionoffossilfuelenergywerefiniteandexhaustibleandthatthecapacityofnatureortheenvironmenttosustaineconomicdevelopmentandpopulationwasalsofinite.Inotherwords,webecameawareoftheobviousfactthattherewere“l(fā)imitstogrowth”.Thenewconsciousnessthattherewerealsoseverelimitstohealth-careresourceswaspartofthisgeneralrevelationoftheobvious.Lookingback,itnowseemsquiteincrediblethatinthenationalhealthsystemsthatemergedinmanycountriesintheyearsimmediatelyafterthe1939-45WorldWar,itwasassumedwithoutquestionthatallthebasichealthneedsofanycommunitycouldbesatisfied,atleastinprinciple;the“invisiblehand”ofeconomicprogresswouldprovide.

SectionC

However,atexactlythesametimeasthisnewrealizationofthefinitecharacterofhealth-careresourceswassinkingin,anawarenessofacontrarykindwasdevelopinginWesternsocieties:thatpeoplehaveabasicrighttohealth-careasanecessaryconditionofaproperhumanlife.Likeeducation,pol