考研考博-英語(yǔ)-四川現(xiàn)代職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解3

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-四川現(xiàn)代職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買(mǎi)！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

It’sour______ifthecarisdamaged,wemustpay.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.capacity

B.capability

C.cavity

D.liability

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A項(xiàng)capacity“能力，容量”，B項(xiàng)capability“才能”，C項(xiàng)cavity“腔，洞，凹處”，D項(xiàng)liability“責(zé)任，債務(wù)”。根據(jù)句子后半部分的意思“如果汽車(chē)損壞了，我們必須賠償”可知，空格處填入“責(zé)任”符合句意。句意：汽車(chē)損壞是我們的責(zé)任，我們必須賠償。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

2.單選題

Rachelwasthe（

）choiceforthejobthankstohercommunicationskills

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.unanimous

B.genuine

C.harmonious

D.agreeable

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。unanimous“意見(jiàn)一致的；無(wú)異議的”；genuine“真實(shí)的；誠(chéng)懇的”；harmonious“和諧的；協(xié)調(diào)的”；agreeable“令人愉快的；合適的”。句意：蕾切爾因?yàn)槌錾慕涣骷寄艹蔀檫@份工作無(wú)異議的人選。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

3.單選題

Studentswhodon’tworkhardwillface（）prospectsinthefuture.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.meager

B.rare

C.bleak

D.slight

【答案】C

【解析】meager貧乏的，瘦的；rare稀少的；bleak慘淡的，無(wú)希望的；slight輕微的，少量的。能與prospects搭配且符合句意的只有選項(xiàng)C。指前途慘淡的，無(wú)希望的。

4.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Beforeabigexam,asoundnight’ssleepwilldoyoubetterthanporingovertextbooks.That,atleast,isthefolkwisdom.Andscience,intheformofbehavioralpsychology,supportsthatwisdom.Butsuchbehavioralstudiescannotdistinguishbetweentwocompetingtheoriesofwhysleepisgoodforthememory.Onesaysthatsleepiswhenpermanentmemoriesform.Theothersaysthattheyareactuallyformedduringtheday,butthen“edited”atnight,toflushawaywhatissuperfluous.

Totellthedifference,itisnecessarytolookintothebrainofasleepingperson,andthatishard.Butafteradecadeofpainstakingwork,ateamledbyPierreMaquetatLiegeUniversityinBelgiumhasmanagedtodoit.TheparticularstageofsleepinwhichtheBelgiangroupisinterestedisrapideyemovement(REM)sleep,whenbrainandbodyareactive,heartrateandbloodpressureincrease,theeyesmovebackandforthbehindtheeyelidsasifwatchingamovie,andbrainwavetracesresemblethoseofwakefulness.Itisduringthisperiodofsleepthatpeoplearemostlikelytoreliveeventsofthepreviousdayindreams.

Dr.MaquetusedanelectronicdevicecalledPETtostudythebrainsofpeopleastheypracticedataskduringtheday,andastheysleptduringthefollowingnight.Thetaskrequiredthemtopressabuttonasfastaspossible,inresponsetoalightcomingoninoneofsixpositions.Astheylearnthowtodothis,theirresponsetimesgotfaster.Whattheydidnotknowwasthattheappearanceofthelightssometimesfollowedapattern-whatisreferredtoas“artificialgrammar”.Yetthereductionsinresponsetimeshowedthattheylearntfasterwhenthepatternwaspresentthanwhentherewasnot.

Whatismore,thosewithmoretolearn(i.e.,the“grammar”,aswellasthemechanicaltaskofpushingthebutton)havemoreactivebrains.The“editing”theorywouldnotpredictthat,sincethenumberofirrelevantstimuliwouldbethesameineachcase.Andtoeliminateanydoubtsthattheexperimentalsubjectswerelearningasopposedtounlearning,theirresponsetimeswhentheywokeupwereevenquickerthanwhentheywenttosleep.

Theteam,therefore,concludedthatthenerveconnectionsinvolvedinmemoryarereinforcedthroughreactivationduringREMsleep,particularlyifthebraindetectsaninherentstructureinthematerialbeinglearnt.Sonow,ontheeveofthatcrucialtest,mathsstudentscansleepsoundlyintheknowledgethatwhattheywillrememberthenextdayarethebasicrulesofalgebraandnottheincoherenttalkfromtheradionextdoor.

6.Researchersinbehavioralpsychologyaredividedwithregardto（）.

7.Asmanifestedintheexperimentalstudy,rapideyemovementischaracterizedby（）.

8.Byreferringtotheartificialgrammar,theauthorintendstoshow（）.

9.Intheirstudy,researchersledbyPierreMaquettookadvantageofthetechniqueof（）.

10.WhatadvicemightMaquetgivetothosewhohaveacrucialtestthenextday?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.howdreamsaremodifiedintheircourses

B.thedifferencebetweensleepandwakefulness

C.whysleepisofgreatbenefittomemory

D.thefunctionsofagoodnight’ssleep

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.intenselyactivebrainwavetraces

B.subjects’quickerresponsetimes

C.complicatedmemorypatterns

D.revivalofeventsinthepreviousday

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.itssignificanceinthestudy

B.aninherentpatternbeinglearnt

C.itsresemblancetothelights

D.theimportanceofanight’ssleep

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.exposingalong-heldfolkwisdom

B.clarifyingthepredictionsondreams

C.makingcontrastsandcomparisons

D.correlatingeffectswiththeircauses

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Memorizinggrammarwithgreatefforts.

B.Studytextbookswithcloseattention.

C.Havetheirbrainimagesrecorded.

D.Enjoytheirsleepatnightsoundly.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】6.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文中第一段Butsuchbehavioralstudiescannotdistinguishbetweentwocompetingtheoriesofwhysleepisgoodforthememory.（但是這樣的行為研究并不能區(qū)分為什么睡眠對(duì)記憶力有好處的兩種相互矛盾的理論），所以他們對(duì)為什么睡眠對(duì)記憶力有好處持有不同的觀點(diǎn)，故應(yīng)選C選項(xiàng)“為什么睡眠對(duì)記憶力很有好處”。A選項(xiàng)“夢(mèng)是如何在課程中被修改的”，不符合題意，可排除。B選項(xiàng)“睡眠和清醒的區(qū)別”，不符合題意，可排除。D選項(xiàng)“一個(gè)好覺(jué)的作用”，過(guò)于片面，可排除。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

7.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第二段中指出“…whenbrainandbodyareactive”，大腦積極運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)是眼珠快速轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)的主要特征，且在第三、四段又再次說(shuō)明。選項(xiàng)B“被研究者更快的反應(yīng)速度”，選項(xiàng)C“復(fù)雜的記憶模式”和選項(xiàng)D“前一天事件的重現(xiàn)”都不是眼球快速運(yùn)動(dòng)的主要特征。故應(yīng)選A“強(qiáng)烈活躍的腦電波痕跡”。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

8.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。原文的第三段最后Whattheydidnotknow…followedapattern-whatisreferredtoas“artificialgrammar”.Yetthereductionsinresponsetimeshowedthat…說(shuō)明了這種內(nèi)在模式，也就是“artificialgrantor”對(duì)于記憶的重要性。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

9.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。這個(gè)題考查的是對(duì)后面幾段的歸納。首先在第三段開(kāi)始Dr.MaquetusedanelectronicdevicecalledPET…theypracticedataskduringtheday,andastheysleptduringthefollowingnight.這是一種對(duì)比性的研究方法。后來(lái)的第四段最后…theirresponsetimeswhentheywokeupwereevenquickerthanwhentheywenttosleep也采用了對(duì)比的分析研究，故應(yīng)選C“對(duì)比與比較”。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

10.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。這是一個(gè)通篇的中心歸納的考查題。文章一開(kāi)始就指出Beforeabigexam,asoundnight’ssleepwilldoyoubetterthanporingovertextbooks.意思是在晚上好好的睡覺(jué)對(duì)記憶是有好處的。最后作者又歸納了研究的結(jié)果，“…concludedthatthenerveconnectionsinvolvedinmemoryarereinforcedthroughreactivationduringREMsleep…”也說(shuō)明結(jié)構(gòu)性知識(shí)在REM睡眠中是可以鞏固的。故應(yīng)選D。

5.單選題

WegotintoataxiwithJohntosendhimtothetrainstation,butwehadonlygoneabouthalfakilometerwhenwewereinvolvedinanaccident.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.tosendhimto

B.wehadonlygone

C.when

D.wereinvolvedin

E.沒(méi)有問(wèn)題

【答案】A

【解析】動(dòng)詞誤用。send改為take。send的意思為“發(fā)送；派遣”。這里指“送他去火車(chē)站”。

6.單選題

Thehumancriterionforperfectvisionis20/20forreadingthestandardlinesonaSnelleneyechartwithoutahitch.Thescoreisdeterminedbyhowwellyoureadlinesoflettersofdifferentsizesfrom20feetaway.Butbeingabletoreadthebottomlineontheeyechartdoesnotmeanapproximateperfectionasfarasotherspeciesareconcerned.Mostbirdswouldconsiderusveryvisuallyhandicapped.Thehawk,forinstance,hassuchsharpeyesthatitcanspotadimeonthesidewalkwhileperchedontopoftheEmpireStateBuilding.Itcanmakefinevisualdistinctionsbecauseitisblessedwithonemillionconespersquaremillimeterinitsretina（視網(wǎng)膜）.Andinwater,humansarefarsighted,whilethe

kingfisher,swoopingdowntospearfish,canseewellinboththeairandwaterbecauseitisendowedwithtwofoveae（凹窩）areasoftheeye,consistingmostlyofconesthatprovidevisualdistinctions.Onefoveapermitsthebird,whileintheair,toscanthewaterbelowwithoneeyeatatime.Thisiscalledmonocularvision.Onceithitsthewater,theotherfoveajoinsin,allowingthekingfishertofocusbotheyes,likebinoculars,onitspreyatthesametime.Afrog’svisionisdistinguishedbyitsabilitytoperceivethingsasaconstantmotionpicture.Knownas“bugdetectors”,ahighlydevelopedsetofcellsinafrog’seyesrespondsmainlytomovingobjects.So,itissaidthatafrogsittinginafieldofdeadbugswouldn’tseethemasfoodandwouldstarve.

Thebeehasa“compound”eye,whichisusedfornavigation.Ithas15,000facetsthatdividewhatitseesintoapatternofdotsormosaic.Withthiskindofvision,thebeeseesthesunonlyasasingledot,aconstantpointofreference.Thus,theeyeisasuperbnavigationalinstrumentthatconstantlymeasurestheangleofitslineofflightinrelationtothesun.Abee’seyealsogaugesflightspeed.Andifthatisnotenoughtoleaveour20/20“perfectvision”palingintoinsignificance,thebeeiscapableofseeingsomethingwecan’t—ultravioletlight.Thus,whathumansconsidertobe“perfectvision”isinfactratherlimitedwhenwelookatotherspecies.However,thereisstillmuchtobesaidforthehumaneye.Ofallthemammals,onlyhumansandsomeprimatescanenjoythepleasuresofcolorvision.

1.TheSnelleneyechartmeasuresone’seyesightby（）.

2.Howishawk’seyesightbetterthanours?

3.Monocularvisionenablesthekingfisherto（）.

4.Abeefindsitsdirectionby（）.

5.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.TheSnelleneyechartmeasuresone’seyesightbythenumberoflineshereads

B.thedistancehestandsawayfromthechart

C.thespeedatwhichherecognizestheletters

D.severalintegrativefactors

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Itcanidentifysmallitemsmorequicklythanwedo.

B.Itcanseeatalongerdistancethanwedo.

C.Ithasmoreconesintheretinathanwedo.

D.Ithasbiggereyesthanwedo.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.avoidfarsightedness

B.beabletoseeunderwater

C.moveoneeyeatatime

D.focusitseyesontheprey

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.dividingwhatitseesintothousandsofdots

B.constantlygaugingitsflyingspeed

C.usingthesunasaconstantpointofreference

D.measuringtheangleofthesun

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Thedifferencesbetweenhumaneyesandotherspecies’eyes.

B.Theadvantagesofotherspecies’eyesincomparisonwithhumaneyes.

C.Thefactorsthatmakeotherspecies’eyesbetterthanhumaneyes.

D.Thestandardthatdeterminesthe“perfectvision”ofhumaneyes.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“Snelleneyechart”定位至第一段：Thehumancriterionforperfectvisionis20/20forreadingthestandardlinesonaSnelleneyechartwithoutahitch.Thescoreisdeterminedbyhowwellyoureadlinesoflettersofdifferentsizesfrom20feetaway（可知，判斷人的視力是否完好的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是在看斯內(nèi)倫視力表的時(shí)候是否能毫無(wú)障礙地達(dá)到20/20的視力。測(cè)試值取決于從20英尺之外，你能看到多少行大小不一的字母）。據(jù)此可知，A項(xiàng)為正確答案。

2.根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“hawk’seyesight”定位至第一段：Thehawk,forinstance,hassuchsharpeyesthatitcanspotadimeonthesidewalkwhileperchedontopoftheEmpireStateBuilding.Itcanmakefinevisualdistinctionsbecauseitisblessedwithonemillionconespersquaremillimeterinitsretina（視網(wǎng)膜）（鷹的視力非常敏銳，當(dāng)它在帝國(guó)大廈的頂層時(shí)，它能看清在人行道上的一角硬幣）。據(jù)此可知，鷹眼可以從更遠(yuǎn)的距離看清物體，B項(xiàng)為正確答案。

3.根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“Monocularvision”定位至第一段：Onefoveapermitsthebird,whileintheair,toscanthewaterbelowwithoneeyeatatime.Thisiscalledmonocularvision.（一個(gè)中央窩讓飛翔在空中的翠鳥(niǎo)每次用一只眼睛掃視水下面的情況，這被稱為單眼視覺(jué)。）因此，C項(xiàng)為正確答案。

4.題干問(wèn)的是“蜜蜂是怎么找到方向的”，定位至第二段：Withthiskindofvision,thebeeseesthesunonlyasasingledot,aconstantpointofreference.Thus,theeyeisasuperbnavigationalinstrumentthatconstantlymeasurestheangleofitslineofflightinrelationtothesun（有了這種視覺(jué)，蜜蜂只把太陽(yáng)看作一個(gè)單點(diǎn)，一個(gè)不變的參照點(diǎn)。因此，眼睛是一種極好的導(dǎo)航儀器，它不斷地測(cè)量飛行路線相對(duì)于太陽(yáng)的角度）。因此，蜜蜂是以太陽(yáng)為常參考點(diǎn)的，C項(xiàng)為正確答案。

5.綜觀全文可知，文中先是描述人類(lèi)測(cè)試視力的方法，而后指出人類(lèi)的視力不如其他物種并舉例加以說(shuō)明。后面又指出人類(lèi)視力在某一方面優(yōu)于其他物種。因此，本文主要通過(guò)舉例說(shuō)明人類(lèi)的眼睛和其他物種眼睛的不同之處，A項(xiàng)為正確答案。

7.填空題

Directions:Belowisapassageaboutclimatechange.ReadthepassagethenfillineachgapwithONEwordfromtheboxbelowthepassage.WriteyouranswersinthespacesontheANSWERSHEET.Thefirstonehasbeendoneasanexample.

VolcanoesMayBeSlowingDownClimateChangeTheplanethasn’tbeenwarmingasmuchasclimatemodelspredictedanditcouldbethatsulfuremissionsfromvolcanoesareblockingsunlight,coolingtheEarth.Smallvolcaniceruptionsmightbepartofthereasonwhythepaceofglobalwarminghasn’tkeptupwithprevious66anewstudypublishedinNature.Eruptionsofatleast17volcanoessince2000,includingKasatochiinAlaskaandMerapiinIndonesia,seemtohavehadacoolinginfluenceonthetemperatureoftheEarth’ssurfaceand_67atmosphere.Inthepast,researchersobservedincreasesinlevelsofgreenhousegasesandinglobalwarning,butforthepast15yearstheEarth’ssurfacetemperatureshaveshown68littlewarming.Thisso-called‘hiatus’puzzledresearchersaroundtheglobehavebeenworkingtounderstandthisphenomenon.“Thehiatusisafascinatingdetectivestory,’’saystheleadauthorofthestudy.“Whatweshowisthatevenwithoutanycomputermodelcalculationsthereisaclear69oftheseearlyvolcanicactivityhavingeffectsontemperaturesandonthereflectedsunlightoftheatmosphere,”saystheleadofthestudy.Researchshowsthatlargevolcaniceruptionsinjectsulfurdioxidegasintothestratosphere.Thegasformstinydropletsofsulfuricacid,alsoknownas“volcanicaerosols,”thatcanblocksunlight.Thatcoolingeffecthasbeenlargely70byclimatescientistsuntilnow,butitseemstopartlyoffsetthewarningfromhuman-causedchangesingreenhousegases.

【答案】66.predictions

67.lower

68.relatively

69.signal

70.ignored

【解析】66.考查上下文語(yǔ)境。根據(jù)Theplanethasn’tbeenwarmingasmuchasclimatemodelspredicted（地球并沒(méi)有像氣候模型預(yù)測(cè)的那樣變暖）中的predicted可知此處應(yīng)該是predictions.句意：《自然》雜志上發(fā)表的一項(xiàng)新研究表明，小型火山爆發(fā)可能是全球變暖速度沒(méi)有跟上之前預(yù)測(cè)的一致的部分原因。

67.考查句子結(jié)構(gòu)和語(yǔ)法?？崭裉帒?yīng)該填入一個(gè)形容詞。選項(xiàng)中能與atmosphere搭配的形容詞是lower，influenceonthetemperatureoftheEarth’ssurfaceandloweratmosphere（對(duì)地球表面和低層大氣的溫度的影響）符合句意。

68.考查句子結(jié)構(gòu)和語(yǔ)法。空格處應(yīng)該填入一個(gè)程度副詞修飾little表示“相當(dāng)小”。根據(jù)句子Inthepast,researchersobservedincreasesinlevelsofgreenhousegasesandinglobalwarning,butforthepast15yearstheEarth’ssurfacetemperatureshaveshown…littlewarming.（在過(guò)去，研究人員觀察到溫室氣體水平的增加和全球變暖，但在過(guò)去的15年里，地球表面的溫度幾乎沒(méi)有顯示出相當(dāng)小的變暖跡象），可知應(yīng)該填入relatively程度副詞。

69.考查句子結(jié)構(gòu)和語(yǔ)法。前面有不定冠詞a和形容詞clear,此處應(yīng)該填入一個(gè)單數(shù)名詞，選項(xiàng)里面只有signal符合。句意：我們所展示的是，即使沒(méi)有任何計(jì)算機(jī)模型計(jì)算，也有明確的信號(hào)表明，這些早期的火山活動(dòng)對(duì)溫度和大氣反射的陽(yáng)光產(chǎn)生了影響。

70.

考查句子結(jié)構(gòu)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)hasbeenlargely…by判斷，這里是一個(gè)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，需要填動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞，選項(xiàng)里面只有ignored是過(guò)去分詞。句意：到目前為止，這種降溫效應(yīng)在很大程度上一直被氣候科學(xué)家所忽視。

8.單選題

Atradegroupforliquorretailersputoutapressreleasewithanalarmingheadline:“MillionsofKidsBuyInternetAlcohol,LandmarkSurveyReveals.”

Theannouncement,fromtheWineandSpiritsWholesalersofAmericareceivedwidemediaattention.OnNBC’sTodayShow,LeaThompsonsaid,“Accordingtoanewonlinesurvey,onein10teenagershaveanunderagefriendwhohasorderedbeer,wineorliquorovertheinternet.Morethanathirdthinktheycaneasilydoitandnearlyhalfthinktheywon’tgetcaught.”Severalnewspapersmentionedthestudy,includingUSATodayandtheRecordofNewJersey.ThenewsevenmadeAustralia’sGoldCoastBulletin.

Aremillionsofkidsreallybuyingboozeonline?Toarriveatthatjarringheadline,thegroupusedsomequestionablelogictopumpupresultsfromasurveythatwasalreadytiltedinfavoroffindingalargenumberofonlinebuyer.

Forstarters,considerthesource.Thetradegroupthatcommissionedthesurveyhaslongfoughteffortstoexpandonlinesalesofalcohol;itsmembersarelocaldistributorswhocompetewithonlineliquorsellers.Someofthenewscoveragepointedoutthatconflictofinterest,thoughreportsdidn’tdelvemoredeeplyintohowthenumberswerecomputed.

TheWineandSpiritsWholesalersofAmericahiredTeenageResearchUnlimited,aresearchcompany,todesignthestudy.TeenageResearch,inturn,hiredSanDiegopollingfirmLuthResearchtoputthequestionsto1,001peoplebetweentheagesof14and20inanonlinesurvey.Luthgetspeopletoparticipateinitssurveysinpartbyadvertisingthemonlineandofferingsmallcashawards—typicallylessthan$5forshortsurveys.

Peoplewhoagreetoparticipateinonlinesurveysare,bydefinition,internetusers,somethingthatnotallteensare.(Also,peoplewhoactuallytakethetimetocompletesuchsurveysmaybemorelikelytobeactive,orheavyinternetusers.)It’ssafetosaythatkidswhousetheinternetregularlyaremorelikelytoshoponlinethanthosewhodon’t.TeenageResearchUnlimitedtoldmeitweightedthesurveyresultstoadjustforage,sex,ethnicityandgeographyofrespondents,buthadnowaytoadjustfordegreeofinternetusage.

Regardless,thesurveyfoundthat,afterweighting,just2.1pointsofthe1,001respondentsboughtalcoholonline—comparedwith56pointswhohadconsumedalcohol.MakingthequestionableassumptionthattheirsamplewasrepresentativeofallAmericansaged14to20withaccesstotheinternet—andnotjustthosewiththetimeandinclinationtoparticipateinonlinesurveys—theresearchersconcludedthat551,000werebuyingalcoholonline.

Butthatfallsfarshortofthereported“millionsofkids”.Tojustifythatheadline,thewholesalers’groupfocusedonanotherpartofthesurveythataskedrespondentsiftheyknewateenwhohadpurchasedalcoholonline.Some12pointssaidtheydid.Ofcourse,it’sridiculoustoextrapolatefromastatelikethat—onebuyercouldbeknownbymanypeople,andit’simpossibletomeasureoverlap.Considerahighschoolof1,000students,with20whohaveboughtboozeonlineand100whoknowaboutthepurchases.If100oftheschool’sstudentsaresurveyedatrandom,you’dexpecttofindtwowhohaveboughtand10whoknowsomeonewhohas—butthatstillrepresentsonlytwobuyers,not10.（Nottomentionthefactthatthinkingyouknowsomeonewhohasorderedbeeronlineisquitedifferentfromorderingasixpackyourself.）

KarenGravoisElliott,aspokeswomanforthewholesalers’group,toldme,“Thenumbersarereal,”butreferredquestionsaboutmethodologytoTeenageResearch.WhenIaskedheraboutthepotentialproblemsofconductingthesurveyonline,shesaidthemediumwasastrengthofthesurvey:“Wespecificallywantedtolookattheteenageonlinepopulation.”

NahmeChokeir,avicepresidentofclientserviceforSanDiego-basedLuthResearchInc.,toldmethatsomeofhisonlinepanelcomesfromwordofmouth,whichwouldn’tnecessarilyskewtowardheavyinternetusers.Headdedthatsomeclientsdesignsurveystoscreenrespondentsbyonlineusage,thoughTeenageResearchdidn’t.

IaskedMichaelWood,avicepresidentatTeenageResearchwhoworkedonthesurvey,whetheronecouldsay,astheliquortradegroupdid,thatmillionsofteenagershadboughtalcoholonline.“Youcan’t,”hereplied,adding,“Thisistheirpressrelease.”

1.Whichofthefollowingisthemessagethatthispassageistryingtoconvey?

2.Accordingtotheauthor,whatiswrongwiththereportaboutkidsbuyingalcohol?

3.Whichofthefollowingwordsisclosestinmeaningtotheword“extrapolate”inparagraph8?

4.Bysaying“Tojustifythatheadline,thewholesalers'groupfocusedonanotherpartofthesurveythataskedrespondentsiftheyknewateenwhohadpurchasedalcoholonline”,theauthorimpliesthat（）.

5.Whichofthefollowingismorelikelytobethesourceforproblemsinthissurvey?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Theseveresocialconsequencesofkidsbuyingalcoholonline.

B.ThehiddendrawbackoftheAmericaneducationalsystem.

C.Theinfluenceofwidecoverageofnewsmedia.

D.Theproblemsinstatisticmethodologyinsocialsurvey.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Itisunethicaltooffercashawardstosubjectsofsurvey.

B.Thenumbersinthisreportwerefalsified.

C.Thesamplesandstatisticmethodswerenotusedlogically.

D.Thestudydesignersandsurveyconductorswerebribed.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Conduct.

B.Infer.

C.Deduct.

D.Whittle.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.itisabsurdtoconductasurveyamongteenagers

B.thewaysthewholesalers'groupconductedsurveysarestatisticallyquestionable

C.thiskindsofsurveyispreliminary,thereforeundependable

D.teenagersmightnotbehonestsincebuyingalcoholonlineisanindecentbehavior

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Thissurveyistiltedinfavoroflocalalcoholdistributors,whohaveaconflictofinterestwithonlinesellers.

B.Thedatacollectionandanalysisarenotscientificandlogical.

C.SubjectsarenotsampledinarightwayandcannotrepresentthewholeAmericanteenagepopulation.

D.Thesurveyresultsareaffectedbygiftstosubjects,whichcanbemisleading.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】第1題:文章講述了一家酒類(lèi)零售商商會(huì)發(fā)布的一則新聞標(biāo)題MillionsofKidsBuyInternetAlcohol,LandmarkSurveyReveals（蘭德梅克調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，數(shù)百萬(wàn)的未成年人在網(wǎng)上買(mǎi)酒），指出該調(diào)查在統(tǒng)計(jì)方法上存在的一些問(wèn)題，所以選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

第2題:文章第六段提到參加網(wǎng)上調(diào)查的人是網(wǎng)絡(luò)用戶，但是并不是所有的青少年都是這樣（Peoplewhoagreetoparticipateinonlinesurveysare,bydefinition,internetusers,somethingthatnotallteensare）。此外，批發(fā)商商會(huì)詢問(wèn)被調(diào)查者們是否有熟人在網(wǎng)上購(gòu)買(mǎi)過(guò)酒，大概百分之十二的人回答有。從這種統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)中做出推論是很荒謬的，因?yàn)橐晃毁?gòu)買(mǎi)者能被很多人認(rèn)識(shí)，而統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)字是不能重復(fù)計(jì)算的，因此存在抽樣和統(tǒng)計(jì)方法方面的問(wèn)題。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

第3題:extrapolate這個(gè)單詞出現(xiàn)在文章第八段Ofcourse,it’sridiculoustoextrapolatefromastatelikethat—onebuyercouldbeknownbymanypeople,andit’simpossibletomeasureoverlap，從第2題的分析中可以得出extrapolate是“推論，推斷”的意思，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選項(xiàng)B符合題意。conduct意為“引導(dǎo)，管理”；deduct意為“扣除，演繹”；whittle意為“削減，損害”。

第4題:文章提到假設(shè)受調(diào)查者代表了年齡在14到20歲使用網(wǎng)絡(luò)的所有美國(guó)青少年——而不僅僅是因?yàn)橛袝r(shí)間和興趣參加網(wǎng)上調(diào)查的那些人，調(diào)查者得出結(jié)論有超過(guò)五十五萬(wàn)人在網(wǎng)上買(mǎi)酒。但是這個(gè)數(shù)字與報(bào)道中“數(shù)百萬(wàn)的未成年人”還是有很大差距的。為了證實(shí)那個(gè)標(biāo)題，批發(fā)商商會(huì)又將注意力集中在調(diào)查的另一部分。也就是說(shuō)作者對(duì)于這個(gè)調(diào)查結(jié)果是持懷疑態(tài)度的。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

第5題:文章提到委托該項(xiàng)調(diào)查的商會(huì)一直反對(duì)擴(kuò)大酒類(lèi)的網(wǎng)上售賣(mài)，商會(huì)的成員是與網(wǎng)上酒類(lèi)銷(xiāo)售者競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的批發(fā)商，一些新聞報(bào)道指出了這二者間的矛盾，所以選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

9.單選題

HeisconsideredtobeanoutstandingartistbutIconsiderhisworktobequite（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.mediocre

B.medium

C.moderate

D.intermediate

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。mediocre意為“普通的”；medium意為“中等的，中級(jí)的”；moderate意為“有節(jié)制的”；intermediate意為“中間的，中級(jí)的”。由句中的but可知前后為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，再根據(jù)outstanding（杰出的）可知選A。

句意：他被認(rèn)為是一位杰出的藝術(shù)家，但我認(rèn)為他的作品十分普通。

10.單選題

Manypeople,ifnotmost,____literarytasteasanelegantaccomplishment,byacquiringwhichtheywillcompletethemselves,andmakethemselvesfinallyfitasmembersofacorrectsociety.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.lookon

B.lookdown

C.lookin

D.lookinto

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組辨析與上下文語(yǔ)義。A選項(xiàng)lookon“觀看；看待”；B選項(xiàng)lookdown“俯視；瞧不起”；C選項(xiàng)lookin“往里看；（~on順道拜訪）”；D選項(xiàng)lookinto“調(diào)查；窺視”。句意：許多人，即使不是大多數(shù)，____把文學(xué)品味作為一種高雅的修養(yǎng)……根據(jù)句意，此處表達(dá)的是把文學(xué)品味看作一種高雅的修養(yǎng)，A選項(xiàng)最符合句意。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為A。

11.單選題

IarguedwithMortonuntiltheweehoursofthemorning,butheremained（

）inhisrefusaltofinancetheproject.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.subdued

B.generous

C.obstinate

D.courteous

【答案】C

【解析】subdued減弱的，被制服的；generous慷慨的，大方的；obstinate頑固的，倔強(qiáng)的；courteous有禮貌的，謙恭的。句意：我和Morton爭(zhēng)論到深夜，但他仍然固執(zhí)地拒絕資助這個(gè)項(xiàng)目。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

12.單選題

Cultureisoneofthemostchallengingelementsoftheinternationalmarketplace.Thissystemoflearnedbehaviorpatternscharacteristicofthemembersofagivensocietyisconstantlyshapedbymanyvariables,suchaslanguage,religion,valuesandattitudes,mannersandcustoms,technology,education,andsocialinstitutions.Tocopewiththissystem,aninternationalmanagerneedsbothfactualandinterpretiveknowledgeofculture.Tosomeextent,thefactualknowledgecanbelearned;itsinterpretationcomesonlythroughexperience.

（42）Themostcomplicatedproblemsindealingwiththeculturalenvironmentcomefromthefactthatonecannotlearncultureonehastoliveit.Twoschoolsofthoughtexistinthebusinessworldonhowtodealwithculturaldiversity.OneisthatbusinessisbusinesstheworldaroundfollowingthemodelofPepsiandMcDonald's.Insomecases,globalizationisafactoflife.

Theotherschoolproposesthatcompaniesmusttailorbusinessapproachestoindividualcultures.Settinguppoliciesandproceduresineachcountryhasbeencomparedtoanorgantransplant;thecriticalquestioncentersaroundacceptanceorrejection.Themajorchallengetotheinternationalmanageristomakesurethatrejectionisnotaresultofculturalmyopiaorevenblindness.

Fortuneexaminedtheinternationalperformanceofadozenlargecompaniesthatearn20percentormoreoftheirrevenueoverseas.Theinternationallysuccessfulcompaniesallshareanimportantquality:patience.Theyhavenotrushedintosituationsbutratherbuilttheiroperationscarefullybyfollowingthemostbasicbusinessprinciples.Theseprinciplesaretoknowyouradversary,knowyouraudience,andknowyourcustomer.

1.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingistrue?

2.Accordingtotheauthor,thebusinessmodelofPepsi（）.

3.Tothefirstschoolofthoughtinthebusinessworld,（）.

4.Theinformationinthispassageismeantforthose（）.

5.AccordingtoFortune,successfulinternationalcompanies（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Itisimpossibleforinternationalmanagerstolearnaforeignculture.

B.Factualknowledgeofculturehastobelearnedkeenedthroughexperience.

C.Oneneedsbothfactualandinterpretativeknowledgeofcultureintheinternationalmarketplace.

D.Tolearnaforeignlanguagewellisthefirststeptodealwiththeculturalchallengeoftheinternationalmarketplace.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.offersabetterwaytodealwiththecomplicatedculturalchallenges

B.issimilartothatofMcDonald’s

C.doesnotbelieveinglobalization

D.hasovercomeculturaldifferencesinbusiness

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.doingbusinessislikeanorgantransplant

B.differentpoliciesshouldbesetupindifferentcountries

C.businessisbusinesstheworldaround

D.peoplewhobelieveinthesecondschoolofthoughthavemyopia

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.whoareinterestedinresearchingthetopicofculturaldiversity

B.whohavefriendsorrelativelivingabroad

C.whowanttotravelorstudyabroad

D.whowanttodobusinessinothercountries

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.earn20percentormoreoftheirrevenueoverseas

B.followsimplerrulesintheirbusinessoperation

C.allhavethequalityofpatience

D.allhaveconnectionsoverseas

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.判斷推理題。由第一段Tocopewiththissystem,aninternationalmanagerneedsbothfactualandinterpretiveknowledgeofculture.為了適應(yīng)這一體系，一個(gè)國(guó)際經(jīng)理需要事實(shí)知識(shí)和解釋性知識(shí)?？芍狢項(xiàng)“在國(guó)際市場(chǎng)中，一個(gè)人既需要事實(shí)知識(shí)，也需要解釋性知識(shí)?！闭_。A項(xiàng)“國(guó)際經(jīng)理不可能學(xué)習(xí)外國(guó)文化”文中沒(méi)有提到；B項(xiàng)“文化中的事實(shí)知識(shí)需要從經(jīng)驗(yàn)中獲得”與“Tosomeextent,thefactualknowledgecanbelearned;itsinterpretationcomesonlythroughexperience.在某種程度上，事實(shí)知識(shí)是可以學(xué)習(xí)的;它的解釋只來(lái)自于經(jīng)驗(yàn)。”不符；D項(xiàng)文中未提到。故C項(xiàng)正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞Pepsi定位到第二段OneisthatbusinessisbusinesstheworldaroundfollowingthemodelofPepsiandMcDonald's.一是商業(yè)就是世界的商業(yè)，效仿百事和麥當(dāng)勞的模式。由此可知百事和麥當(dāng)勞的商業(yè)模式相似。故B項(xiàng)正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由第二段OneisthatbusinessisbusinesstheworldaroundfollowingthemodelofPepsiandMcDonald's.一是商業(yè)就是世界的商業(yè)，效仿百事和麥當(dāng)勞的模式。可知C項(xiàng)正確。

4.意圖題。文章開(kāi)篇就提到了在國(guó)際市場(chǎng)上，國(guó)際經(jīng)理應(yīng)該具備的知識(shí)。最后一段也提及了成功的國(guó)際公司應(yīng)有的品質(zhì)及遵循的原則。所以本文信息主要對(duì)與其他國(guó)家做生意的人有用。故D項(xiàng)正確。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由最后一段“Theinternationallysuccessfulcompaniesallshareanimportantquality:patience.國(guó)際上成功的公司都有一個(gè)重要的品質(zhì):耐心?！惫蔆項(xiàng)正確。

13.單選題

Anorganizationisonlyasgoodasthepeopleitemploys.Selectingtherightpersonforthejobinvolvesmorethanidentifyingtheessentialordesirablerangeofskills,educationalandprofessionalqualificationsnecessarytoperformthejobandthenrecruiting（招募）thecandidatewhoismostlikelytopossesstheseskillsoratleastisperceivedtohavetheabilityandinclinationtoacquirethem.Thisisapurelyperson/skills