考研考博-英語-四川現(xiàn)代職業(yè)學院考試押題三合一+答案詳解3

書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-四川現(xiàn)代職業(yè)學院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

It’sour______ifthecarisdamaged,wemustpay.

問題1選項

A.capacity

B.capability

C.cavity

D.liability

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A項capacity“能力，容量”，B項capability“才能”，C項cavity“腔，洞，凹處”，D項liability“責任，債務”。根據(jù)句子后半部分的意思“如果汽車損壞了，我們必須賠償”可知，空格處填入“責任”符合句意。句意：汽車損壞是我們的責任，我們必須賠償。因此，該題選擇D項正確。

2.單選題

Rachelwasthe（

）choiceforthejobthankstohercommunicationskills

問題1選項

A.unanimous

B.genuine

C.harmonious

D.agreeable

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。unanimous“意見一致的；無異議的”；genuine“真實的；誠懇的”；harmonious“和諧的；協(xié)調的”；agreeable“令人愉快的；合適的”。句意：蕾切爾因為出色的交流技能成為這份工作無異議的人選。選項A符合題意。

3.單選題

Studentswhodon’tworkhardwillface（）prospectsinthefuture.

問題1選項

A.meager

B.rare

C.bleak

D.slight

【答案】C

【解析】meager貧乏的，瘦的；rare稀少的；bleak慘淡的，無希望的；slight輕微的，少量的。能與prospects搭配且符合句意的只有選項C。指前途慘淡的，無希望的。

4.不定項選擇題

Beforeabigexam,asoundnight’ssleepwilldoyoubetterthanporingovertextbooks.That,atleast,isthefolkwisdom.Andscience,intheformofbehavioralpsychology,supportsthatwisdom.Butsuchbehavioralstudiescannotdistinguishbetweentwocompetingtheoriesofwhysleepisgoodforthememory.Onesaysthatsleepiswhenpermanentmemoriesform.Theothersaysthattheyareactuallyformedduringtheday,butthen“edited”atnight,toflushawaywhatissuperfluous.

Totellthedifference,itisnecessarytolookintothebrainofasleepingperson,andthatishard.Butafteradecadeofpainstakingwork,ateamledbyPierreMaquetatLiegeUniversityinBelgiumhasmanagedtodoit.TheparticularstageofsleepinwhichtheBelgiangroupisinterestedisrapideyemovement(REM)sleep,whenbrainandbodyareactive,heartrateandbloodpressureincrease,theeyesmovebackandforthbehindtheeyelidsasifwatchingamovie,andbrainwavetracesresemblethoseofwakefulness.Itisduringthisperiodofsleepthatpeoplearemostlikelytoreliveeventsofthepreviousdayindreams.

Dr.MaquetusedanelectronicdevicecalledPETtostudythebrainsofpeopleastheypracticedataskduringtheday,andastheysleptduringthefollowingnight.Thetaskrequiredthemtopressabuttonasfastaspossible,inresponsetoalightcomingoninoneofsixpositions.Astheylearnthowtodothis,theirresponsetimesgotfaster.Whattheydidnotknowwasthattheappearanceofthelightssometimesfollowedapattern-whatisreferredtoas“artificialgrammar”.Yetthereductionsinresponsetimeshowedthattheylearntfasterwhenthepatternwaspresentthanwhentherewasnot.

Whatismore,thosewithmoretolearn(i.e.,the“grammar”,aswellasthemechanicaltaskofpushingthebutton)havemoreactivebrains.The“editing”theorywouldnotpredictthat,sincethenumberofirrelevantstimuliwouldbethesameineachcase.Andtoeliminateanydoubtsthattheexperimentalsubjectswerelearningasopposedtounlearning,theirresponsetimeswhentheywokeupwereevenquickerthanwhentheywenttosleep.

Theteam,therefore,concludedthatthenerveconnectionsinvolvedinmemoryarereinforcedthroughreactivationduringREMsleep,particularlyifthebraindetectsaninherentstructureinthematerialbeinglearnt.Sonow,ontheeveofthatcrucialtest,mathsstudentscansleepsoundlyintheknowledgethatwhattheywillrememberthenextdayarethebasicrulesofalgebraandnottheincoherenttalkfromtheradionextdoor.

6.Researchersinbehavioralpsychologyaredividedwithregardto（）.

7.Asmanifestedintheexperimentalstudy,rapideyemovementischaracterizedby（）.

8.Byreferringtotheartificialgrammar,theauthorintendstoshow（）.

9.Intheirstudy,researchersledbyPierreMaquettookadvantageofthetechniqueof（）.

10.WhatadvicemightMaquetgivetothosewhohaveacrucialtestthenextday?

問題1選項

A.howdreamsaremodifiedintheircourses

B.thedifferencebetweensleepandwakefulness

C.whysleepisofgreatbenefittomemory

D.thefunctionsofagoodnight’ssleep

問題2選項

A.intenselyactivebrainwavetraces

B.subjects’quickerresponsetimes

C.complicatedmemorypatterns

D.revivalofeventsinthepreviousday

問題3選項

A.itssignificanceinthestudy

B.aninherentpatternbeinglearnt

C.itsresemblancetothelights

D.theimportanceofanight’ssleep

問題4選項

A.exposingalong-heldfolkwisdom

B.clarifyingthepredictionsondreams

C.makingcontrastsandcomparisons

D.correlatingeffectswiththeircauses

問題5選項

A.Memorizinggrammarwithgreatefforts.

B.Studytextbookswithcloseattention.

C.Havetheirbrainimagesrecorded.

D.Enjoytheirsleepatnightsoundly.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】6.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】細節(jié)事實題。文中第一段Butsuchbehavioralstudiescannotdistinguishbetweentwocompetingtheoriesofwhysleepisgoodforthememory.（但是這樣的行為研究并不能區(qū)分為什么睡眠對記憶力有好處的兩種相互矛盾的理論），所以他們對為什么睡眠對記憶力有好處持有不同的觀點，故應選C選項“為什么睡眠對記憶力很有好處”。A選項“夢是如何在課程中被修改的”，不符合題意，可排除。B選項“睡眠和清醒的區(qū)別”，不符合題意，可排除。D選項“一個好覺的作用”，過于片面，可排除。因此C選項正確。

7.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】細節(jié)事實題。第二段中指出“…whenbrainandbodyareactive”，大腦積極運轉是眼珠快速轉動的主要特征，且在第三、四段又再次說明。選項B“被研究者更快的反應速度”，選項C“復雜的記憶模式”和選項D“前一天事件的重現(xiàn)”都不是眼球快速運動的主要特征。故應選A“強烈活躍的腦電波痕跡”。因此A選項正確。

8.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】細節(jié)事實題。原文的第三段最后Whattheydidnotknow…followedapattern-whatisreferredtoas“artificialgrammar”.Yetthereductionsinresponsetimeshowedthat…說明了這種內在模式，也就是“artificialgrantor”對于記憶的重要性。因此A選項正確。

9.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。這個題考查的是對后面幾段的歸納。首先在第三段開始Dr.MaquetusedanelectronicdevicecalledPET…theypracticedataskduringtheday,andastheysleptduringthefollowingnight.這是一種對比性的研究方法。后來的第四段最后…theirresponsetimeswhentheywokeupwereevenquickerthanwhentheywenttosleep也采用了對比的分析研究，故應選C“對比與比較”。因此C選項正確。

10.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。這是一個通篇的中心歸納的考查題。文章一開始就指出Beforeabigexam,asoundnight’ssleepwilldoyoubetterthanporingovertextbooks.意思是在晚上好好的睡覺對記憶是有好處的。最后作者又歸納了研究的結果，“…concludedthatthenerveconnectionsinvolvedinmemoryarereinforcedthroughreactivationduringREMsleep…”也說明結構性知識在REM睡眠中是可以鞏固的。故應選D。

5.單選題

WegotintoataxiwithJohntosendhimtothetrainstation,butwehadonlygoneabouthalfakilometerwhenwewereinvolvedinanaccident.

問題1選項

A.tosendhimto

B.wehadonlygone

C.when

D.wereinvolvedin

E.沒有問題

【答案】A

【解析】動詞誤用。send改為take。send的意思為“發(fā)送；派遣”。這里指“送他去火車站”。

6.單選題

Thehumancriterionforperfectvisionis20/20forreadingthestandardlinesonaSnelleneyechartwithoutahitch.Thescoreisdeterminedbyhowwellyoureadlinesoflettersofdifferentsizesfrom20feetaway.Butbeingabletoreadthebottomlineontheeyechartdoesnotmeanapproximateperfectionasfarasotherspeciesareconcerned.Mostbirdswouldconsiderusveryvisuallyhandicapped.Thehawk,forinstance,hassuchsharpeyesthatitcanspotadimeonthesidewalkwhileperchedontopoftheEmpireStateBuilding.Itcanmakefinevisualdistinctionsbecauseitisblessedwithonemillionconespersquaremillimeterinitsretina（視網(wǎng)膜）.Andinwater,humansarefarsighted,whilethe

kingfisher,swoopingdowntospearfish,canseewellinboththeairandwaterbecauseitisendowedwithtwofoveae（凹窩）areasoftheeye,consistingmostlyofconesthatprovidevisualdistinctions.Onefoveapermitsthebird,whileintheair,toscanthewaterbelowwithoneeyeatatime.Thisiscalledmonocularvision.Onceithitsthewater,theotherfoveajoinsin,allowingthekingfishertofocusbotheyes,likebinoculars,onitspreyatthesametime.Afrog’svisionisdistinguishedbyitsabilitytoperceivethingsasaconstantmotionpicture.Knownas“bugdetectors”,ahighlydevelopedsetofcellsinafrog’seyesrespondsmainlytomovingobjects.So,itissaidthatafrogsittinginafieldofdeadbugswouldn’tseethemasfoodandwouldstarve.

Thebeehasa“compound”eye,whichisusedfornavigation.Ithas15,000facetsthatdividewhatitseesintoapatternofdotsormosaic.Withthiskindofvision,thebeeseesthesunonlyasasingledot,aconstantpointofreference.Thus,theeyeisasuperbnavigationalinstrumentthatconstantlymeasurestheangleofitslineofflightinrelationtothesun.Abee’seyealsogaugesflightspeed.Andifthatisnotenoughtoleaveour20/20“perfectvision”palingintoinsignificance,thebeeiscapableofseeingsomethingwecan’t—ultravioletlight.Thus,whathumansconsidertobe“perfectvision”isinfactratherlimitedwhenwelookatotherspecies.However,thereisstillmuchtobesaidforthehumaneye.Ofallthemammals,onlyhumansandsomeprimatescanenjoythepleasuresofcolorvision.

1.TheSnelleneyechartmeasuresone’seyesightby（）.

2.Howishawk’seyesightbetterthanours?

3.Monocularvisionenablesthekingfisherto（）.

4.Abeefindsitsdirectionby（）.

5.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

問題1選項

A.TheSnelleneyechartmeasuresone’seyesightbythenumberoflineshereads

B.thedistancehestandsawayfromthechart

C.thespeedatwhichherecognizestheletters

D.severalintegrativefactors

問題2選項

A.Itcanidentifysmallitemsmorequicklythanwedo.

B.Itcanseeatalongerdistancethanwedo.

C.Ithasmoreconesintheretinathanwedo.

D.Ithasbiggereyesthanwedo.

問題3選項

A.avoidfarsightedness

B.beabletoseeunderwater

C.moveoneeyeatatime

D.focusitseyesontheprey

問題4選項

A.dividingwhatitseesintothousandsofdots

B.constantlygaugingitsflyingspeed

C.usingthesunasaconstantpointofreference

D.measuringtheangleofthesun

問題5選項

A.Thedifferencesbetweenhumaneyesandotherspecies’eyes.

B.Theadvantagesofotherspecies’eyesincomparisonwithhumaneyes.

C.Thefactorsthatmakeotherspecies’eyesbetterthanhumaneyes.

D.Thestandardthatdeterminesthe“perfectvision”ofhumaneyes.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.根據(jù)題干關鍵詞“Snelleneyechart”定位至第一段：Thehumancriterionforperfectvisionis20/20forreadingthestandardlinesonaSnelleneyechartwithoutahitch.Thescoreisdeterminedbyhowwellyoureadlinesoflettersofdifferentsizesfrom20feetaway（可知，判斷人的視力是否完好的標準是在看斯內倫視力表的時候是否能毫無障礙地達到20/20的視力。測試值取決于從20英尺之外，你能看到多少行大小不一的字母）。據(jù)此可知，A項為正確答案。

2.根據(jù)題干關鍵詞“hawk’seyesight”定位至第一段：Thehawk,forinstance,hassuchsharpeyesthatitcanspotadimeonthesidewalkwhileperchedontopoftheEmpireStateBuilding.Itcanmakefinevisualdistinctionsbecauseitisblessedwithonemillionconespersquaremillimeterinitsretina（視網(wǎng)膜）（鷹的視力非常敏銳，當它在帝國大廈的頂層時，它能看清在人行道上的一角硬幣）。據(jù)此可知，鷹眼可以從更遠的距離看清物體，B項為正確答案。

3.根據(jù)題干關鍵詞“Monocularvision”定位至第一段：Onefoveapermitsthebird,whileintheair,toscanthewaterbelowwithoneeyeatatime.Thisiscalledmonocularvision.（一個中央窩讓飛翔在空中的翠鳥每次用一只眼睛掃視水下面的情況，這被稱為單眼視覺。）因此，C項為正確答案。

4.題干問的是“蜜蜂是怎么找到方向的”，定位至第二段：Withthiskindofvision,thebeeseesthesunonlyasasingledot,aconstantpointofreference.Thus,theeyeisasuperbnavigationalinstrumentthatconstantlymeasurestheangleofitslineofflightinrelationtothesun（有了這種視覺，蜜蜂只把太陽看作一個單點，一個不變的參照點。因此，眼睛是一種極好的導航儀器，它不斷地測量飛行路線相對于太陽的角度）。因此，蜜蜂是以太陽為常參考點的，C項為正確答案。

5.綜觀全文可知，文中先是描述人類測試視力的方法，而后指出人類的視力不如其他物種并舉例加以說明。后面又指出人類視力在某一方面優(yōu)于其他物種。因此，本文主要通過舉例說明人類的眼睛和其他物種眼睛的不同之處，A項為正確答案。

7.填空題

Directions:Belowisapassageaboutclimatechange.ReadthepassagethenfillineachgapwithONEwordfromtheboxbelowthepassage.WriteyouranswersinthespacesontheANSWERSHEET.Thefirstonehasbeendoneasanexample.

VolcanoesMayBeSlowingDownClimateChangeTheplanethasn’tbeenwarmingasmuchasclimatemodelspredictedanditcouldbethatsulfuremissionsfromvolcanoesareblockingsunlight,coolingtheEarth.Smallvolcaniceruptionsmightbepartofthereasonwhythepaceofglobalwarminghasn’tkeptupwithprevious66anewstudypublishedinNature.Eruptionsofatleast17volcanoessince2000,includingKasatochiinAlaskaandMerapiinIndonesia,seemtohavehadacoolinginfluenceonthetemperatureoftheEarth’ssurfaceand_67atmosphere.Inthepast,researchersobservedincreasesinlevelsofgreenhousegasesandinglobalwarning,butforthepast15yearstheEarth’ssurfacetemperatureshaveshown68littlewarming.Thisso-called‘hiatus’puzzledresearchersaroundtheglobehavebeenworkingtounderstandthisphenomenon.“Thehiatusisafascinatingdetectivestory,’’saystheleadauthorofthestudy.“Whatweshowisthatevenwithoutanycomputermodelcalculationsthereisaclear69oftheseearlyvolcanicactivityhavingeffectsontemperaturesandonthereflectedsunlightoftheatmosphere,”saystheleadofthestudy.Researchshowsthatlargevolcaniceruptionsinjectsulfurdioxidegasintothestratosphere.Thegasformstinydropletsofsulfuricacid,alsoknownas“volcanicaerosols,”thatcanblocksunlight.Thatcoolingeffecthasbeenlargely70byclimatescientistsuntilnow,butitseemstopartlyoffsetthewarningfromhuman-causedchangesingreenhousegases.

【答案】66.predictions

67.lower

68.relatively

69.signal

70.ignored

【解析】66.考查上下文語境。根據(jù)Theplanethasn’tbeenwarmingasmuchasclimatemodelspredicted（地球并沒有像氣候模型預測的那樣變暖）中的predicted可知此處應該是predictions.句意：《自然》雜志上發(fā)表的一項新研究表明，小型火山爆發(fā)可能是全球變暖速度沒有跟上之前預測的一致的部分原因。

67.考查句子結構和語法?？崭裉帒撎钊胍粋€形容詞。選項中能與atmosphere搭配的形容詞是lower，influenceonthetemperatureoftheEarth’ssurfaceandloweratmosphere（對地球表面和低層大氣的溫度的影響）符合句意。

68.考查句子結構和語法?？崭裉帒撎钊胍粋€程度副詞修飾little表示“相當小”。根據(jù)句子Inthepast,researchersobservedincreasesinlevelsofgreenhousegasesandinglobalwarning,butforthepast15yearstheEarth’ssurfacetemperatureshaveshown…littlewarming.（在過去，研究人員觀察到溫室氣體水平的增加和全球變暖，但在過去的15年里，地球表面的溫度幾乎沒有顯示出相當小的變暖跡象），可知應該填入relatively程度副詞。

69.考查句子結構和語法。前面有不定冠詞a和形容詞clear,此處應該填入一個單數(shù)名詞，選項里面只有signal符合。句意：我們所展示的是，即使沒有任何計算機模型計算，也有明確的信號表明，這些早期的火山活動對溫度和大氣反射的陽光產(chǎn)生了影響。

70.

考查句子結構和語態(tài)。根據(jù)hasbeenlargely…by判斷，這里是一個被動語態(tài)，需要填動詞的過去分詞，選項里面只有ignored是過去分詞。句意：到目前為止，這種降溫效應在很大程度上一直被氣候科學家所忽視。

8.單選題

Atradegroupforliquorretailersputoutapressreleasewithanalarmingheadline:“MillionsofKidsBuyInternetAlcohol,LandmarkSurveyReveals.”

Theannouncement,fromtheWineandSpiritsWholesalersofAmericareceivedwidemediaattention.OnNBC’sTodayShow,LeaThompsonsaid,“Accordingtoanewonlinesurvey,onein10teenagershaveanunderagefriendwhohasorderedbeer,wineorliquorovertheinternet.Morethanathirdthinktheycaneasilydoitandnearlyhalfthinktheywon’tgetcaught.”Severalnewspapersmentionedthestudy,includingUSATodayandtheRecordofNewJersey.ThenewsevenmadeAustralia’sGoldCoastBulletin.

Aremillionsofkidsreallybuyingboozeonline?Toarriveatthatjarringheadline,thegroupusedsomequestionablelogictopumpupresultsfromasurveythatwasalreadytiltedinfavoroffindingalargenumberofonlinebuyer.

Forstarters,considerthesource.Thetradegroupthatcommissionedthesurveyhaslongfoughteffortstoexpandonlinesalesofalcohol;itsmembersarelocaldistributorswhocompetewithonlineliquorsellers.Someofthenewscoveragepointedoutthatconflictofinterest,thoughreportsdidn’tdelvemoredeeplyintohowthenumberswerecomputed.

TheWineandSpiritsWholesalersofAmericahiredTeenageResearchUnlimited,aresearchcompany,todesignthestudy.TeenageResearch,inturn,hiredSanDiegopollingfirmLuthResearchtoputthequestionsto1,001peoplebetweentheagesof14and20inanonlinesurvey.Luthgetspeopletoparticipateinitssurveysinpartbyadvertisingthemonlineandofferingsmallcashawards—typicallylessthan$5forshortsurveys.

Peoplewhoagreetoparticipateinonlinesurveysare,bydefinition,internetusers,somethingthatnotallteensare.(Also,peoplewhoactuallytakethetimetocompletesuchsurveysmaybemorelikelytobeactive,orheavyinternetusers.)It’ssafetosaythatkidswhousetheinternetregularlyaremorelikelytoshoponlinethanthosewhodon’t.TeenageResearchUnlimitedtoldmeitweightedthesurveyresultstoadjustforage,sex,ethnicityandgeographyofrespondents,buthadnowaytoadjustfordegreeofinternetusage.

Regardless,thesurveyfoundthat,afterweighting,just2.1pointsofthe1,001respondentsboughtalcoholonline—comparedwith56pointswhohadconsumedalcohol.MakingthequestionableassumptionthattheirsamplewasrepresentativeofallAmericansaged14to20withaccesstotheinternet—andnotjustthosewiththetimeandinclinationtoparticipateinonlinesurveys—theresearchersconcludedthat551,000werebuyingalcoholonline.

Butthatfallsfarshortofthereported“millionsofkids”.Tojustifythatheadline,thewholesalers’groupfocusedonanotherpartofthesurveythataskedrespondentsiftheyknewateenwhohadpurchasedalcoholonline.Some12pointssaidtheydid.Ofcourse,it’sridiculoustoextrapolatefromastatelikethat—onebuyercouldbeknownbymanypeople,andit’simpossibletomeasureoverlap.Considerahighschoolof1,000students,with20whohaveboughtboozeonlineand100whoknowaboutthepurchases.If100oftheschool’sstudentsaresurveyedatrandom,you’dexpecttofindtwowhohaveboughtand10whoknowsomeonewhohas—butthatstillrepresentsonlytwobuyers,not10.（Nottomentionthefactthatthinkingyouknowsomeonewhohasorderedbeeronlineisquitedifferentfromorderingasixpackyourself.）

KarenGravoisElliott,aspokeswomanforthewholesalers’group,toldme,“Thenumbersarereal,”butreferredquestionsaboutmethodologytoTeenageResearch.WhenIaskedheraboutthepotentialproblemsofconductingthesurveyonline,shesaidthemediumwasastrengthofthesurvey:“Wespecificallywantedtolookattheteenageonlinepopulation.”

NahmeChokeir,avicepresidentofclientserviceforSanDiego-basedLuthResearchInc.,toldmethatsomeofhisonlinepanelcomesfromwordofmouth,whichwouldn’tnecessarilyskewtowardheavyinternetusers.Headdedthatsomeclientsdesignsurveystoscreenrespondentsbyonlineusage,thoughTeenageResearchdidn’t.

IaskedMichaelWood,avicepresidentatTeenageResearchwhoworkedonthesurvey,whetheronecouldsay,astheliquortradegroupdid,thatmillionsofteenagershadboughtalcoholonline.“Youcan’t,”hereplied,adding,“Thisistheirpressrelease.”

1.Whichofthefollowingisthemessagethatthispassageistryingtoconvey?

2.Accordingtotheauthor,whatiswrongwiththereportaboutkidsbuyingalcohol?

3.Whichofthefollowingwordsisclosestinmeaningtotheword“extrapolate”inparagraph8?

4.Bysaying“Tojustifythatheadline,thewholesalers'groupfocusedonanotherpartofthesurveythataskedrespondentsiftheyknewateenwhohadpurchasedalcoholonline”,theauthorimpliesthat（）.

5.Whichofthefollowingismorelikelytobethesourceforproblemsinthissurvey?

問題1選項

A.Theseveresocialconsequencesofkidsbuyingalcoholonline.

B.ThehiddendrawbackoftheAmericaneducationalsystem.

C.Theinfluenceofwidecoverageofnewsmedia.

D.Theproblemsinstatisticmethodologyinsocialsurvey.

問題2選項

A.Itisunethicaltooffercashawardstosubjectsofsurvey.

B.Thenumbersinthisreportwerefalsified.

C.Thesamplesandstatisticmethodswerenotusedlogically.

D.Thestudydesignersandsurveyconductorswerebribed.

問題3選項

A.Conduct.

B.Infer.

C.Deduct.

D.Whittle.

問題4選項

A.itisabsurdtoconductasurveyamongteenagers

B.thewaysthewholesalers'groupconductedsurveysarestatisticallyquestionable

C.thiskindsofsurveyispreliminary,thereforeundependable

D.teenagersmightnotbehonestsincebuyingalcoholonlineisanindecentbehavior

問題5選項

A.Thissurveyistiltedinfavoroflocalalcoholdistributors,whohaveaconflictofinterestwithonlinesellers.

B.Thedatacollectionandanalysisarenotscientificandlogical.

C.SubjectsarenotsampledinarightwayandcannotrepresentthewholeAmericanteenagepopulation.

D.Thesurveyresultsareaffectedbygiftstosubjects,whichcanbemisleading.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】第1題:文章講述了一家酒類零售商商會發(fā)布的一則新聞標題MillionsofKidsBuyInternetAlcohol,LandmarkSurveyReveals（蘭德梅克調查發(fā)現(xiàn)，數(shù)百萬的未成年人在網(wǎng)上買酒），指出該調查在統(tǒng)計方法上存在的一些問題，所以選項D符合題意。

第2題:文章第六段提到參加網(wǎng)上調查的人是網(wǎng)絡用戶，但是并不是所有的青少年都是這樣（Peoplewhoagreetoparticipateinonlinesurveysare,bydefinition,internetusers,somethingthatnotallteensare）。此外，批發(fā)商商會詢問被調查者們是否有熟人在網(wǎng)上購買過酒，大概百分之十二的人回答有。從這種統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)中做出推論是很荒謬的，因為一位購買者能被很多人認識，而統(tǒng)計數(shù)字是不能重復計算的，因此存在抽樣和統(tǒng)計方法方面的問題。選項C符合題意。

第3題:extrapolate這個單詞出現(xiàn)在文章第八段Ofcourse,it’sridiculoustoextrapolatefromastatelikethat—onebuyercouldbeknownbymanypeople,andit’simpossibletomeasureoverlap，從第2題的分析中可以得出extrapolate是“推論，推斷”的意思，四個選項中，選項B符合題意。conduct意為“引導，管理”；deduct意為“扣除，演繹”；whittle意為“削減，損害”。

第4題:文章提到假設受調查者代表了年齡在14到20歲使用網(wǎng)絡的所有美國青少年——而不僅僅是因為有時間和興趣參加網(wǎng)上調查的那些人，調查者得出結論有超過五十五萬人在網(wǎng)上買酒。但是這個數(shù)字與報道中“數(shù)百萬的未成年人”還是有很大差距的。為了證實那個標題，批發(fā)商商會又將注意力集中在調查的另一部分。也就是說作者對于這個調查結果是持懷疑態(tài)度的。選項B符合題意。

第5題:文章提到委托該項調查的商會一直反對擴大酒類的網(wǎng)上售賣，商會的成員是與網(wǎng)上酒類銷售者競爭的批發(fā)商，一些新聞報道指出了這二者間的矛盾，所以選項A符合題意。

9.單選題

HeisconsideredtobeanoutstandingartistbutIconsiderhisworktobequite（

）.

問題1選項

A.mediocre

B.medium

C.moderate

D.intermediate

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。mediocre意為“普通的”；medium意為“中等的，中級的”；moderate意為“有節(jié)制的”；intermediate意為“中間的，中級的”。由句中的but可知前后為轉折關系，再根據(jù)outstanding（杰出的）可知選A。

句意：他被認為是一位杰出的藝術家，但我認為他的作品十分普通。

10.單選題

Manypeople,ifnotmost,____literarytasteasanelegantaccomplishment,byacquiringwhichtheywillcompletethemselves,andmakethemselvesfinallyfitasmembersofacorrectsociety.

問題1選項

A.lookon

B.lookdown

C.lookin

D.lookinto

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組辨析與上下文語義。A選項lookon“觀看；看待”；B選項lookdown“俯視；瞧不起”；C選項lookin“往里看；（~on順道拜訪）”；D選項lookinto“調查；窺視”。句意：許多人，即使不是大多數(shù)，____把文學品味作為一種高雅的修養(yǎng)……根據(jù)句意，此處表達的是把文學品味看作一種高雅的修養(yǎng)，A選項最符合句意。因此，本題最佳選項為A。

11.單選題

IarguedwithMortonuntiltheweehoursofthemorning,butheremained（

）inhisrefusaltofinancetheproject.

問題1選項

A.subdued

B.generous

C.obstinate

D.courteous

【答案】C

【解析】subdued減弱的，被制服的；generous慷慨的，大方的；obstinate頑固的，倔強的；courteous有禮貌的，謙恭的。句意：我和Morton爭論到深夜，但他仍然固執(zhí)地拒絕資助這個項目。選項C符合句意。

12.單選題

Cultureisoneofthemostchallengingelementsoftheinternationalmarketplace.Thissystemoflearnedbehaviorpatternscharacteristicofthemembersofagivensocietyisconstantlyshapedbymanyvariables,suchaslanguage,religion,valuesandattitudes,mannersandcustoms,technology,education,andsocialinstitutions.Tocopewiththissystem,aninternationalmanagerneedsbothfactualandinterpretiveknowledgeofculture.Tosomeextent,thefactualknowledgecanbelearned;itsinterpretationcomesonlythroughexperience.

（42）Themostcomplicatedproblemsindealingwiththeculturalenvironmentcomefromthefactthatonecannotlearncultureonehastoliveit.Twoschoolsofthoughtexistinthebusinessworldonhowtodealwithculturaldiversity.OneisthatbusinessisbusinesstheworldaroundfollowingthemodelofPepsiandMcDonald's.Insomecases,globalizationisafactoflife.

Theotherschoolproposesthatcompaniesmusttailorbusinessapproachestoindividualcultures.Settinguppoliciesandproceduresineachcountryhasbeencomparedtoanorgantransplant;thecriticalquestioncentersaroundacceptanceorrejection.Themajorchallengetotheinternationalmanageristomakesurethatrejectionisnotaresultofculturalmyopiaorevenblindness.

Fortuneexaminedtheinternationalperformanceofadozenlargecompaniesthatearn20percentormoreoftheirrevenueoverseas.Theinternationallysuccessfulcompaniesallshareanimportantquality:patience.Theyhavenotrushedintosituationsbutratherbuilttheiroperationscarefullybyfollowingthemostbasicbusinessprinciples.Theseprinciplesaretoknowyouradversary,knowyouraudience,andknowyourcustomer.

1.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingistrue?

2.Accordingtotheauthor,thebusinessmodelofPepsi（）.

3.Tothefirstschoolofthoughtinthebusinessworld,（）.

4.Theinformationinthispassageismeantforthose（）.

5.AccordingtoFortune,successfulinternationalcompanies（）.

問題1選項

A.Itisimpossibleforinternationalmanagerstolearnaforeignculture.

B.Factualknowledgeofculturehastobelearnedkeenedthroughexperience.

C.Oneneedsbothfactualandinterpretativeknowledgeofcultureintheinternationalmarketplace.

D.Tolearnaforeignlanguagewellisthefirststeptodealwiththeculturalchallengeoftheinternationalmarketplace.

問題2選項

A.offersabetterwaytodealwiththecomplicatedculturalchallenges

B.issimilartothatofMcDonald’s

C.doesnotbelieveinglobalization

D.hasovercomeculturaldifferencesinbusiness

問題3選項

A.doingbusinessislikeanorgantransplant

B.differentpoliciesshouldbesetupindifferentcountries

C.businessisbusinesstheworldaround

D.peoplewhobelieveinthesecondschoolofthoughthavemyopia

問題4選項

A.whoareinterestedinresearchingthetopicofculturaldiversity

B.whohavefriendsorrelativelivingabroad

C.whowanttotravelorstudyabroad

D.whowanttodobusinessinothercountries

問題5選項

A.earn20percentormoreoftheirrevenueoverseas

B.followsimplerrulesintheirbusinessoperation

C.allhavethequalityofpatience

D.allhaveconnectionsoverseas

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.判斷推理題。由第一段Tocopewiththissystem,aninternationalmanagerneedsbothfactualandinterpretiveknowledgeofculture.為了適應這一體系，一個國際經(jīng)理需要事實知識和解釋性知識?？芍狢項“在國際市場中，一個人既需要事實知識，也需要解釋性知識。”正確。A項“國際經(jīng)理不可能學習外國文化”文中沒有提到；B項“文化中的事實知識需要從經(jīng)驗中獲得”與“Tosomeextent,thefactualknowledgecanbelearned;itsinterpretationcomesonlythroughexperience.在某種程度上，事實知識是可以學習的;它的解釋只來自于經(jīng)驗?！辈环?；D項文中未提到。故C項正確。

2.細節(jié)事實題。由題干關鍵詞Pepsi定位到第二段OneisthatbusinessisbusinesstheworldaroundfollowingthemodelofPepsiandMcDonald's.一是商業(yè)就是世界的商業(yè)，效仿百事和麥當勞的模式。由此可知百事和麥當勞的商業(yè)模式相似。故B項正確。

3.細節(jié)事實題。由第二段OneisthatbusinessisbusinesstheworldaroundfollowingthemodelofPepsiandMcDonald's.一是商業(yè)就是世界的商業(yè)，效仿百事和麥當勞的模式?？芍狢項正確。

4.意圖題。文章開篇就提到了在國際市場上，國際經(jīng)理應該具備的知識。最后一段也提及了成功的國際公司應有的品質及遵循的原則。所以本文信息主要對與其他國家做生意的人有用。故D項正確。

5.細節(jié)事實題。由最后一段“Theinternationallysuccessfulcompaniesallshareanimportantquality:patience.國際上成功的公司都有一個重要的品質:耐心?！惫蔆項正確。

13.單選題

Anorganizationisonlyasgoodasthepeopleitemploys.Selectingtherightpersonforthejobinvolvesmorethanidentifyingtheessentialordesirablerangeofskills,educationalandprofessionalqualificationsnecessarytoperformthejobandthenrecruiting（招募）thecandidatewhoismostlikelytopossesstheseskillsoratleastisperceivedtohavetheabilityandinclinationtoacquirethem.Thisisapurelyperson/skills