考研考博-英語(yǔ)-蘭州石化職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解4

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-蘭州石化職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買(mǎi)！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Iaskedhimforajob（

）theimpressionthathewastheheadofthefirm,buthewasn’t.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.with

B.under

C.in

D.of

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。undertheimpressionthat意為“認(rèn)為覺(jué)得”句意：我以為他是公司的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，所以要求他給我提供一份工作，但他不是。選項(xiàng)B正確。

2.單選題

Hewas____ofstealingandsenttoprisonforthethirdtime.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.convicted

B.accused

C.charged

D.sentenced

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.convicted定罪B.accused控告；控訴

C.charged控告；起訴D.sentenced判決；宣判

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】固定搭配。

【解題思路】句意：他被……偷竊罪并且第三次入獄。根據(jù)句意，應(yīng)該是被定罪為偷竊罪然后送入監(jiān)獄。beconvictedof“宣布有罪”符合語(yǔ)境，因此選A。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)accused“控告；控訴”，beaccusedof“被指控”，根據(jù)句意，因?yàn)橐呀?jīng)送入監(jiān)獄，所以應(yīng)該是宣布有罪了，而不只是被指控有罪，該選項(xiàng)不符合語(yǔ)境；

C選項(xiàng)charged“控告；起訴”，固定搭配bechargedwith或bechargedof，表示“被指控”。根據(jù)句意，因?yàn)橐呀?jīng)送入監(jiān)獄，所以應(yīng)該是宣布有罪了，而不只是被指控有罪，該選項(xiàng)不符合語(yǔ)境；

D選項(xiàng)sentenced“判決；宣判”，其使用為besentencedto，因此不符合搭配。

【句意】他被宣告犯偷竊罪，第三次被送進(jìn)監(jiān)獄。

3.單選題

Itisalsoimportanttohavesomethingthatcancleanwaterandkill（）,sowaterfromothersourcescanbemadesafetodrink.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.plasmodia

B.bacteria

C.criteria

D.malaria

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。plasmodia“瘧原蟲(chóng)；bacteria“細(xì)菌”；criteria“標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，條件”；malaria“痢疾，瘴氣”。句意：有可以清潔水并可以殺死細(xì)菌的東西很重要，這樣的話(huà)來(lái)自其他來(lái)源的水也可以安全飲用。只有清潔的水，并且水里面的細(xì)菌被殺死了，才是可以安全飲用的水。故B項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

Iknownowthatall___humanbeingsworrythatotherswillfindoutthattheyarenotquitegoodenough.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.sacred

B.holy

C.hysteric

D.sane

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.sacred神圣的B.holy神圣的

C.hysteric歇斯底里的D.sane健全的；理智的

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)句意，……的人害怕其他人會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)他們不夠好。D.sane“理智的”符合句意。理智的人們一般會(huì)被認(rèn)為是強(qiáng)大的足夠優(yōu)秀的。人們會(huì)在理智的人們身上期待更多。所以這類(lèi)人害怕別人發(fā)現(xiàn)他們其實(shí)不夠好。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、C選項(xiàng)均無(wú)法與空格前后構(gòu)成相應(yīng)邏輯關(guān)系。

【句意】我現(xiàn)在知道，所有理智的人都擔(dān)心別人會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己不夠好。

5.單選題

TheUnitedNationswassupposedto（）theroleofglobalpeace-keeper.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.contend

B.nurture

C.carve

D.undertake

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)contend“競(jìng)爭(zhēng)”；B選項(xiàng)nurture“養(yǎng)育”；C選項(xiàng)carve“雕刻”；D選項(xiàng)undertake“承擔(dān)”。句意：聯(lián)合國(guó)應(yīng)該承擔(dān)全球維護(hù)和平的角色。本句表示承擔(dān)維護(hù)和平的角色。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

6.單選題

Theoldcouplenowstill（）fortlieirbelovedson,30yearsafterhisdeath.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.cherish

B.groan

C.dispense

D.mourn

【答案】D

【解析】句意:在他們心愛(ài)的兒子過(guò)世三十年后，這對(duì)老夫婦現(xiàn)在仍然哀悼他。

考查動(dòng)詞辨析。cherish珍愛(ài);groan呻吟，抱怨;dispense分配，免除，執(zhí)行；mourn哀悼，憂(yōu)傷，服喪。根據(jù)句意“在他們心愛(ài)的兒子過(guò)世三十年后”可知D符合句意。

7.單選題

Languageelementsaretoaliteraturework（

）constructionmaterialstoabuilding.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.that

B.which

C.what

D.so

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)。結(jié)合句意可知are后面缺個(gè)名詞做表語(yǔ)，只有what可以，句意為：語(yǔ)言對(duì)于文學(xué)作品而言就如建筑材料對(duì)于建筑物一樣。故答案選C。

8.翻譯題

Springdisplaysthenoisy,oftenshallowmoodsofadolescence.Autumnmoodsarethoseofmaturity,deeperandmoreintense.Agravemist-softenedmorningofreflectionisfollowedwithinhoursbyaValkyrieworldofscreamingtwilightwhenelementalwindstearwitheredleavesfrombranches,rockandstriptheshiveringforestandraiserollingmountainsondarkseas.Thewindpassesandthebillowingcloudscondenseintorain,whichfallswithquietpersistence,fillingthehardened,cart-rutsincountrylanes,floodingstreamsoversoddenmeadowsandemulsifyingthefallenleaves.Bluepatcheswidenbetweenthesun-lined,cloudsandsoontheglossybaretwigsarebrilliantinrain-washedsunshine.

【答案】【參考譯文】春天散布著嘈雜、淺淡的少年心情，秋天的心境是成熟、深沉而更為強(qiáng)烈的。一個(gè)靜穆的輕霧繚繞的早晨，幾小時(shí)之內(nèi)便會(huì)被疾風(fēng)驟雨的世界所取代，強(qiáng)勁的風(fēng)吹打著枯枝敗葉，震顫著瑟瑟的森林，并使綿亙的山巒在黑色的海面上顯露出來(lái)。風(fēng)平浪靜之后，驚濤駭浪般奔涌的云凝結(jié)成雨，安靜而耐心地落下，濕潤(rùn)著鄉(xiāng)間小徑干硬的車(chē)轍，注滿(mǎn)了流經(jīng)草地的小溪，并促使地上的落葉化作泥土。鑲著金邊的云朵之間，藍(lán)天漸漸開(kāi)闊，光禿禿的樹(shù)枝在雨后初晴的陽(yáng)光中垂掛著晶瑩的水滴。

9.單選題

Her______instinctsledhertofundtheconstructionofahospitalforthepoor.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.far-ranging

B.humanitarian

C.humble

D.popular

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.far-ranging廣泛的B.humanitarian人道主義的（主張減輕人類(lèi)苦難、改善人類(lèi)生活）

C.humble謙遜的，虛心的D.popular受喜愛(ài)的，受歡迎的

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵信息fundtheconstructionofahospitalforthepoor（出資為窮人建了一所醫(yī)院）可知，空格處選擇B項(xiàng)符合句意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、C、D項(xiàng)不符合句意。

【句意】她的人道主義本能使她出資為窮人建了一所醫(yī)院。

10.單選題

Ityouweretobeginanewjobtomorrow,youwouldbringwithyousomebasicstrengthsandweaknesses.Successorfailure,inyouworkwoulddepend,to（1）greatextent,onyourabilitytouseyourstrengthsandweaknessestothebestadvantage.

（2）

theutmostimportanceisyouraltitude.Apersonwhobeginsajobconvincedthatheisn’tgoingtolikeitoris

（3）

thatheisgoingtoallailisexhibitingaweaknesswhichcanonlyhinderhissuccess.Ontheotherhand,apersonwhoissecureinhisbeliefthatheisprobablyascapableofdoingtheworkasanyoneelseandwhoiswillingtomakeacheerfulattempt

（4）

itpossessesacertainstrengthofpurpose.Thechancesarethathewilldowell.

（5）theprerequisiteskillsforaparticularjobisstrength.Lackingthoseskillsisobviouslyaweakness.Abookkeeperwhocan'tadd,oracarpenterwhocan'tcutastraightlinewithasaw

（6）

hopelesscases.Thisbookhasbeendesignedtohelpyoucapitalize

（7）

thestrengthandovercometheweaknessthatyoubringtothejoboflearning.Butingroupstomeasureyourdevelopment,youmustfirst

（8）

stockofsomewhereyourstandnow.Aswegetfurtheralongmthebook,we'llbe

（9）

with,specificprocessesfordevelopingandstrengtheninglearningskills.However,tobeginwith,youshouldpausetoexamineyourpresentstrengthsandweaknessesinthreeareasthatarecriticaltoyoursuccessorfailureinschool;your

（10）

,yourreadingandcommunicationskills,and.yourstudyhabits.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.a

B.the

C.some

D.certain

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Outof

B.Of

C.To

D.Into

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.ensure

B.certain

C.sure

D.surely

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.near

B.on

C.by

D.at

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Have

B.Had

C.Having

D.Hadbeen

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.being

B.been

C.are

D.is

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.except

B.but

C.for

D.on

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.make

B.take

C.do

D.give

問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)

A.deal

B.dealt

C.bedealt

D.dealing

問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)

A.intelligence

B.work

C.attitude

D.weakness

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:C

第6題:D

第7題:D

第8題:B

第9題:D

第10題:C

【解析】（1）考查固定搭配。toagreatextent為固定搭配，意為“很大程度上，非?！?。

（2）of與名詞連用，表示具有某種性質(zhì)，狀態(tài)，位于句首，表示強(qiáng)調(diào)。正常語(yǔ)序?yàn)椋篩ourattitudeisoftheutmostimportance.（beof+名詞）

（3）考查固定搭配。or后面省略了主語(yǔ)he，besurethat后面加從句，此處表示“或肯定不適應(yīng)這項(xiàng)工作”。

（4）考查固定搭配。attempt用作名詞時(shí)，意為“努力，嘗試，試圖”。makeanattemptonsth.“試圖奪取”，makeanattemptat意為“打算，試圖”。

（5）考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句子“25theprerequisiteskillsforaparticularjobisstrength.”缺少主語(yǔ)，have與theprerequisite之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用其動(dòng)名詞形式，表示“具有某一工作的必要技能是一個(gè)優(yōu)勢(shì)”。

（6）考查主謂一致。or連接兩個(gè)并列主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞采用就近原則，即謂語(yǔ)與靠近的名詞在“人稱(chēng)，數(shù)”上保持一致?！癮bookkeeper...oracarpenter”是本句的主語(yǔ)，因此謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單選，選D。

（7）考查固定搭配。capitalizeon是固定搭配，意為“充分利用某事物”。

（8）考查固定搭配。takestockof是固定搭配，意為“估計(jì)，考慮”。

（9）考查時(shí)態(tài)。句子“Aswegetfurtheralongmthebook,we'llbe_____with,specificprocessesfordevelopingandstrengtheninglearningskills.（隨著我們進(jìn)一步了解這本書(shū)，我們將詳細(xì)論述發(fā)展和加強(qiáng)學(xué)習(xí)技能的具體過(guò)程）”為將來(lái)時(shí)，因此選D。

（10）考查邏輯關(guān)系。根據(jù)前面的“______theutmostimportanceisyourattitude”可知此處選C，與文章前面的內(nèi)容相呼應(yīng)。

11.單選題

The（

）ofausefuldictionaryrequiresdedicationoftheauthorstoanunusualdegree.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.supposition

B.edition

C.compilation

D.construction

【答案】C

【解析】名詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)supposition“假定，推測(cè)”；B選項(xiàng)edition“版本”；C選項(xiàng)compilation“編譯，編輯”；D選項(xiàng)construction“建設(shè)”。句意：編輯一本有用的詞典需要作者達(dá)到不同尋常程度的獻(xiàn)身精神。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

12.單選題

Paperbacknovelsinthe1940’sand1950’softenhad

coverstoattractreaders’attention.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.murky

B.lurid

C.legitimate

D.pale

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞辨析。句意：20世紀(jì)40年代和50年代的平裝小說(shuō)經(jīng)常有駭人聽(tīng)聞的封面，以吸引讀者注意力。因此選B。

13.單選題

Techniquesthatcreateanatmosphereofsuspensearecommonlyusedbyfilmmakersto（）theiraudience.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.harass

B.applaud

C.excite

D.arrest

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)harass“騷擾”；B選項(xiàng)applaud“贊同；稱(chēng)贊”；C選項(xiàng)excite“使興奮；刺激”D選項(xiàng)arrest“逮捕”。句意：電影制作者經(jīng)常用制造懸念氣氛的技巧來(lái)刺激觀眾。因此C項(xiàng)符合句意。

14.單選題

Manymentalinstitutionsthroughoutthecountryhavebeenturnedintodumpinggroundsforthousandsofoldsterswhohavenoplaceelsetogo.Mostofthemaren’treallymentallyill.Inthejargonofthehospitalbureaucracy,theyareclassifiedas“inappropriateadmissions.”Butsincesocietyhasnothingbettertooffer,theyarelefttorotwithouthope,help,ordignity.Theusualexitisdeath.

Oftenthroughnofaultoftheirown,understaffedandovercrowdedmentalhospitalshandletheir“geriatriccases”littlebetterthancattle.Thereisarecurrentpatternofelderlypatientslockedintowardstopreventthemfromwanderingabout,givensteadydosesoftranquilizerstokeepthem“manageable”,leftdayandnightwithoutatraceofhumanwarmthorcompanionship.

Somehospitalshavewardsfullofelderly,tranquilizedpatients,bodiesbloatedfromtheirinactive,meaninglessexistences,sittinglistlesslyonhardbenchesorsprawledasleeponthefloor.Therearewomen,silentasstatues,occupyingchairsandrockersinthecorridors.Whiletheweathermaybebeautifuloutdoors,oldmenmayindifferentlyshuffleaboutageriatric“cottage”withnowheretogoandnothingtodo.

Yetmanyofthepeoplecouldberestoredtohumandignity,notbycomplicatedtherapeuticprocedures,butamongotherthings,byprovidinggoodmedicalcareandreachingoutahandofkindnesstowardsthem.

Itisestimatedthatonehalfoftheoldpeopleinstatementalhospitalstodaycouldleaveifpropercommunityresources,servicesandprogramswereavailable.Butanindifferentsocietyhasnotmadethemavailable.

1.Themainideaofthispassageisthat（）.

2.“Geriatric”inparagraph2referstopeoplewhoare（）.

3.Wemayinferthattheauthor（）.

4.Theauthorbelievesthattherealblamelieswith（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.mostoldpeopleneedfamilycare

B.goodcarefortheelderlyiscostly

C.manyoldpeoplearelivingouttheirlastyearsinmentalinstitutions

D.oldpeopleshouldbetakenoutofdoorswhentheweatherispleasant

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.old

B.lonely

C.mentallyill

D.physicallysick

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.isindifferenttothestatusquoofthehospitals

B.issympathetictothesituationoftheelderly

C.isoptimistictowardsthefutureoftheelderly

D.ishostiletowardsthementalhospitalstaff

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.thesociety

B.thementalinstitutions

C.theelderly

D.thehospitalbureaucracy

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:A

【解析】1.根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知,首段第一句為全文主旨句?！癕anymentalinstitutionsthroughoutthecountryhavebeenturnedintodumpinggroundsforthousandsofoldsterswhohavenoplaceelsetogo.”全國(guó)各地的許多精神病院已經(jīng)變成了接納成千上萬(wàn)沒(méi)有去處的老年人的垃圾場(chǎng)。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

2.根據(jù)原文句意:人手不足、人滿(mǎn)為患的精神病院在處理“病例”時(shí)就像對(duì)待牲口一樣。上一段提到,大多數(shù)進(jìn)精神病院的都是老人,并且他們沒(méi)有真正的精神疾病,也不是因?yàn)楣陋?dú)或者生病才進(jìn)來(lái)的,所以“geriatric”指的是老年人。選項(xiàng)A正確。

3.根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容可知,如果有適當(dāng)?shù)纳鐓^(qū)資源、服務(wù)和項(xiàng)目,現(xiàn)在州立精神病院的老人可以離開(kāi)一半。但是冷漠的社會(huì)并沒(méi)有提供這些服務(wù)。說(shuō)明作者更多的是同情這些老人,選項(xiàng)B正確。

4.根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“Butanindifferentsocietyhasnotmadethemavailable.”但是冷漠的社會(huì)并沒(méi)有提供這些服務(wù)。說(shuō)明作者認(rèn)為真正的過(guò)錯(cuò)在于社會(huì),選項(xiàng)A正確。

15.單選題

Asmanyas100speciesoffish,some（

）tothesewaters,mayhavebeenaffectedbythepollution.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.unusual

B.particular

C.typical

D.unique

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。unusual“不尋常的”；particular“特別的，詳細(xì)的”；typical“典型的”；unique“獨(dú)一無(wú)二的”。句意：在這片水域有100多種魚(yú)類(lèi)，有些是獨(dú)一無(wú)二的，已經(jīng)被污水影響了。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

16.寫(xiě)作題

Directions:ReadthefollowinginformationandwriteanessayofABOUT200WORDS.ItisanARGUMENTATIVEESSAYandaTITLEisneeded.

Accordingtoanewstudy,92%ofcollegestudentswouldratherdotheirreadingtheold-fashionedway,withpagesandnotpixels.ThefindingcomesfromAmericanUniversitylinguisticsprofessorNaomiS.Baron,authorofthebookWordsOnscreen:TheFateofReadinginaDigitalWorld,Baronledateamthatasked300collegestudentsintheUnitedStates,Slovakia,JapanandGermanyhowtheypreferredtoread.Physicalbookswerethechoiceof92%oftherespondents,whoselectedpaperoveranarrayofelectronicdevices.It'snotjustcollegestudentswho'dratherspendtheirtimewithabookinsteadofane-reader.In2015,e-booksalesdroppedintheUnitedStates,andit'sthesamestoryintheUnitedKingdom.

【答案】Willpaperbookbereplacedbye-book?17.單選題

Insurancecompaniesprovideaservicetothecommunitybyprotectingitagainstexpectedandunexpecteddisasters.Beforeaninsurancecompanywillagreetoinsureanything,itcollectsaccuratefiguresabouttherisk.Itknows,forexample,thattheriskofamanbeingkilledinaplaneaccidentislessthantheriskhetakesincrossingabusyroad.Thisenablesittoquote（報(bào)價(jià)）lowfiguresfortravelinsurance.Sometimestheriskmaybehigh,asinmotor-racingormountaineering.Thenthecompanychargesamuchhigherprice.Iftoomanyclimbershaveaccidents,thepricerisesstillfurther.Ifthemajorityofclimbersfalloffmountains,thecompanywillrefusetoinsurethem.

Anordinaryhouseholdermaywishtoprotecthishomeagainstfireorhispropertyagainstburglary.Ashop-keepermaywishtoinsureagainsttheft.Innormalcases,thecompanywillcheckitsstatisticsandquoteapremium（保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)）.Ifitissuspicious,itmayrefusetoquote.Ifitinsuresashopandthenreceivesasuspiciousclaim,itwillinvestigatetheclaimasameansofprotectingitselfagainstfalseclaims.Itisnotunknownforabusinessmanindebttoburndownhisownpremises（房產(chǎn)）sothathecanclaimmuchmoneyfromhisinsurancecompany.Hecanbesurethatthefirewillbeinvestigatedmostcarefully.Insurancecompaniesalsoacceptinsuranceagainstshipwreckordisasterintheair.Planesandshipsareveryexpensive,soalargepremiumischarged,butareductionisgiventocompanieswithanaccident-freerecord.

Everyweekinsurancecompaniesreceivepremiumpaymentsfromcustomers.Thesepaymentscanformaverylargetotalrunningintomillionsofdollars.Thecompanydoesnotleavethemoneyinthebank.Itinvestsinproperty,shares,farmsandevenantiquepaintingsandstamps.Itsaimistoobtainthebestpossiblereturnonitsinvestment.Thisisnotasgreedyasitmayseem,sincethisisonewaybywhichitcankeepitspremiumsdownandcontinuetomakeaprofitwhilebeingofservicetothecommunity.

1.Accordingtothefirstparagraphinthepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?

2.Theword“quote”（Line3,Paragraph2）mostprobablymeans（）.

3.Fromthepassage,weknowthatifaccidentswillhappenninetimesoutoftenormore,theinsurancecompanywill（）.

4.Accordingtothepassage,ifanairplanehasanaccident-freerecord,itusuallypaystotheinsurancecompany（）.

5.WhichofthefollowingwilltheinsurancecompanyNOTprovideinsuranceservicefor?

6.Howdoinsurancecompaniesmakeprofit?

7.Themainideaofthelastparagraphis（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Apassengerbyairwilltakelessriskofbeingkilledthanamancrossingabusyroad.

B.Apassengerbyairwilltakegreaterriskofbeingkilledthanamancrossingabusyroad.

C.Apassengerbyairwillhavetopaymoretotheinsurancecompanythanamountainclimber.

D.Amotoristshouldpaythehighestpricetotheinsurancecompany.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.receive

B.accept

C.take

D.offer

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.giveamuchhigherprice

B.quotethehighestprice

C.notprovideinsuranceservice

D.chargealowerpremium

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.alargepremium

B.lesspremium

C.nopremium

D.thesamepremiumastheothercompanies

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Mountaineers.

B.Ordinaryhouseholders.

C.Airlineswithanaccidentfreerecord.

D.Shopkeeperswithsuspiciousstatisticalrecords.

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.Byreceivingpremiumpaymentsfromcustomers.

B.Bychargingcommissiontocustomers.

C.Byinvestinginsomeindustriesandproducts.

D.Byprovidingservices.

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.thattheinsurancecompanyisgreedyofprofit

B.thattheinsurancecompanymakeslargesumofmoneyeveryweek

C.thattheinsurancecompanymakesagreatprofitbyinvestingitsmoneyindifferentitem

D.toshowtheinsurancecompanymakesuseofitsincomeandthereasonwhyitshoulddoso

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:D

第6題:C

第7題:D

【解析】1.【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。A：一名空中乘客被殺害的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)小于橫穿交通繁忙的馬路的行人。B：乘飛機(jī)的乘客比穿越繁忙道路的人面臨更大的死亡風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。第一段指出：Itknows,forexample,thattheriskofamanbeingkilledinaplaneaccidentislessthantheriskhetakesincrossingabusyroad.（例如，它知道一個(gè)人在飛機(jī)事故中喪生的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)要小于他穿過(guò)一條繁忙的馬路所冒的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)）。因此A項(xiàng)正確，B項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。C：一名空中乘客必須比一名爬山者向保險(xiǎn)公司支付更高的保費(fèi)。第一段指出：Sometimestheriskmaybehigh,asinmotor-racingormountaineering（有時(shí)候，風(fēng)險(xiǎn)可能很高，就像在賽車(chē)或登山運(yùn)動(dòng)中的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)）。由此可知，賽車(chē)或登山運(yùn)動(dòng)中的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)比前面提到的空中遇難要高，C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。D：賽車(chē)手應(yīng)該向保險(xiǎn)公司支付最高的保費(fèi)。文章并未提及此項(xiàng)。因此本題選A。

2.【試題解析】詞義題。對(duì)于“quote”的理解可參考此句：Innormalcases,thecompanywillcheckitsstatisticsandquoteapremium（保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)）.Ifitissuspicious,itmayrefusetoquote.（通常，保險(xiǎn)公司會(huì)檢查它的統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)并給出保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)的……如果情況可疑，它可能會(huì)拒絕報(bào)價(jià)）。由此可知，“quote”表示“開(kāi)價(jià)，報(bào)價(jià)”，故選D。

3.【試題解析】判斷推理題。第一段指出：Sometimestheriskmaybehigh,asinmotor-racingormountaineering.Thenthecompanychargesamuchhigherprice.Iftoomanyclimbershaveaccidents,thepricerisesstillfurther.Ifthemajorityofclimbersfalloffmountains,thecompanywillrefusetoinsurethem.（有時(shí)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)可能很高，比如賽車(chē)或登山。然后公司會(huì)收取更高的價(jià)格。如果太多登山者發(fā)生事故，價(jià)格就會(huì)進(jìn)一步上漲。如果大多數(shù)登山者從山上摔下來(lái)，公司將拒絕為他們投保）。由此可知，如果事故發(fā)生率為十分之九或更高，保險(xiǎn)公司將拒保，故選C項(xiàng)“不提供保險(xiǎn)服務(wù)”。

4.【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第二段最后一句指出：Planesandshipsareveryexpensive,soalargepremiumischarged,butareductionisgiventocompanieswithanaccident-freerecord.（飛機(jī)和船舶非常昂貴，所以保費(fèi)也很高，但是如果受保公司沒(méi)有事故記錄，保險(xiǎn)公司將減少保費(fèi)）。由此可知，如果航空公司沒(méi)有事故記錄，它通常會(huì)向保險(xiǎn)公司支付較低的保費(fèi)，因此B項(xiàng)正確。

5.【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第二段指出：Ashop-keepermaywishtoinsureagainsttheft.Innormalcases,thecompanywillcheckitsstatisticsandquoteapremium（保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)）.Ifitissuspicious,itmayrefusetoquote.（店主可能希望投保防盜險(xiǎn)。一般情況下，公司會(huì)對(duì)統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行核對(duì)，然后追加報(bào)價(jià)。如有可疑情況，公司可能會(huì)拒絕報(bào)價(jià)）。

6.【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。最后一段指出：Itinvestsinproperty,shares,farmsandevenantiquepaintingsandstamps.Itsaimistoobtainthebestpossiblereturnonitsinvestment.Thisisnotasgreedyasitmayseem,sincethisisonewaybywhichitcankeepitspremiumsdownandcontinuetomakeaprofitwhilebeingofservicetothecommunity.（它投資于房地產(chǎn)、股票、農(nóng)場(chǎng)，甚至古董繪畫(huà)和郵票。它的目的是獲得最好的投資回報(bào)。這并不像看起來(lái)那么貪婪，因?yàn)檫@是一種方法，使保險(xiǎn)公司能夠降低保費(fèi)為投保對(duì)象提供服務(wù)的同時(shí)繼續(xù)盈利）。由此可知，C項(xiàng)“通過(guò)投資一些行業(yè)和產(chǎn)品”正確。

7.【試題解析】主旨大意題。最后一段主要講的是保險(xiǎn)公司如何利用收取的保費(fèi)進(jìn)行投資、降低保費(fèi)繼續(xù)盈利進(jìn)而造福社會(huì)，因此D項(xiàng)“說(shuō)明保險(xiǎn)公司利用其收入和為什么這么做的原因”比較符合最后一段大意。

18.單選題

Couplesblessedwithstrengthandaggression（）looksarebetteroffhavingboys,asthesecharacteristicsareofmoreusetomales.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.otherthan

B.ratherthan

C.rathertoo

D.inspiteof

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。otherthan“不同于；除了”；ratherthan“而不是”；rathertoo“稍微”；inspiteof“盡管”。句意：那些體力更強(qiáng)和有進(jìn)取心……外表好看的夫婦會(huì)更容易生男孩，因?yàn)檫@些特征對(duì)男性更有用。因此選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

19.單選題

Infinance,opportunitycostanalysisreferstotheamountthatcouldhavebeenmadeinotherinvestments（

）theexpectedinvestmentreturn.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.comparedin

B.ascomparing

C.compared

D.comparedwith

【答案】D

【解析】語(yǔ)法（分詞做狀語(yǔ)）題。分析題干結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格后的“theexpectedinvestmentreturn預(yù)計(jì)投資收益”在原句中充當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)成分，它的邏輯主語(yǔ)是theamount,需要用表示被動(dòng)的過(guò)去分詞，排除B選項(xiàng)；固定搭配becomparedwith，表示“與…相比”，所以D選項(xiàng)正確。

20.單選題

Marriageinhasteusuallyleadsto（）atleisure.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.resentment

B.reluctance

C.repentance

D.fantasy

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)resentment“憤恨，怨恨”；B選項(xiàng)reluctance“勉強(qiáng)”；C選項(xiàng)repentance“悔改，后悔”；D選項(xiàng)fantasy“幻想”。句意：草率結(jié)婚通常容易導(dǎo)致將來(lái)后悔。根據(jù)句意，此處選擇C選項(xiàng)repentance“悔改，后悔”。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

21.單選題

Forsomeleadersintheteapartymovement,theongoingskirmishoverwhetherpresidentialcontenderMittRomneyshouldspeakataTeaPartyExpressrallyinNewHampshireonMondayis（）butan（）quarrel.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.anythinginternecine

B.somethinginteresting

C.anythingintermediary

D.somethinginteragency

【答案】A

【解析】固定搭配和形容詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)固定搭配“anythingbut”，選項(xiàng)B和D可排除。

internecine“兩敗俱傷的”；interagency“跨部門(mén)的”。句意：關(guān)于總統(tǒng)候選人MittRomney周一是否應(yīng)該在新罕布什爾州的茶黨集會(huì)上發(fā)表講話(huà)的爭(zhēng)論，絕對(duì)不是一場(chǎng)兩敗俱傷的爭(zhēng)吵。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

22.單選題

Whatwecallnatureis,______,thesumofthechangesmadebyallthevariouscreaturesandnaturalforcesintheirintricateactionsandinfluencesuponeachotherandupontheirplaces.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.incommonsense

B.fromasense

C.bythesense

D.inasense

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.incommonsense普通常識(shí)B.fromasense從一種感覺(jué)

C.bythesense憑感覺(jué)D.inasense在某種意義上

【考查點(diǎn)】插入語(yǔ)。

【解題思路】分析句子可知，句子結(jié)構(gòu)意義完整，而空格處位于系動(dòng)詞和表語(yǔ)之間，且用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)，可推知空格處填入一個(gè)插入語(yǔ)，按照句意“我們所稱(chēng)的自然，______，就是一切不同的生物和自然力在其相互作用和相互影響的過(guò)程中所發(fā)生的變化的總和”可知，空格處填入D項(xiàng)符合句意，故該題選擇D項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、C項(xiàng)都不符合句意。

【句意】從某種意義上說(shuō)，我們所稱(chēng)的自然，就是一切不同的生物和自然力在其相互作用和相互影響的過(guò)程中所發(fā)生的變化的總和。

23.單選題

Sincethefirstbrainscannerwasconstructedseveralyearsago,computedtomographyorcomputedmedicalimagery,hasbecomefairlywidelyused,itsrapidacceptanceisduetothefactthatithasovercomeseveralofthedrawbacksofconventionalX-raytechnology.

Tobeginwith,conventionaltwo-dimensionalX-raypicturescannotshowalloftheinformationcontainedinathree-dimensionobject.Thingsatdifferentdepthsaresuperimposed,causingconfusiontotheviewer.Thecomputerisabletoreconstructpicturesofthebody'sinteriorbymeasuringthevaryingintensitiesofX-raybeamspassingthroughsectionsofthebodyfromhundredsofdifferentangles.Suchpicturesarebasedonseriesofthin"slices",

Inaddition,conventionalX-raygenerallydifferentiatesonlybetweenboneandair,asinthechestandlungs.Theycannotdistinguishsofttissuesorvariationsintissues.Theliverandpancreasarenotdiscernibleatall,andcertainotherorgansmayonlyberenderedvisiblethroughtheuseofradiopaquedye.Sincecomputedtomographyismuchmoresensitive,thesofttissuesofthekidneysorthelivercanbeseenandclearlydifferentiated.ThistechniquecanalsoaccuratelymeasuredifferentdegreesofX-rayabsorption,facilitatingthestudyofthenatureoftissue.

AthirdproblemwithconventionalX-raymethodsistheirinabilitytomeasurequantitativelytheseparatedensitiesoftheindividualsubstancesthroughwhichtheX-rayhaspassed.Onlythemeanabsorptionofallthetissuesisrecorded.Thisisnotaproblemwithcomputedtomography.Itcanaccuratelylocateatumorandsubsequentlymonitortheprogressofradiationtreatment,sothatinadditiontoitsdiagnosticcapabilities,itcanplayasignificantroleintherapy.

1.ConventionalX-raysmainlyshowthedifferencebetween（

）.

2.Whatkindofviewismadepossiblebycontiguouscrosssectionsofthebody?

3.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat，comparedtoconventionalX-raytechniques,computedtomographyismore

（

）.

4.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardthisnewtechnique?

5.Accordingtothepassage,computedtomographycanbeusedforallofthefollowingEXCEPT（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.boneandair

B.liverandpancreas

C.muscleandotherbodytissues

D.heartandlungs

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Two-dimensional

B.Three-dimensional

C.Animated

D.Intensified

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.compact

B.rapid

C.economical

D.informative

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Cautious

B.Tolerant

C.Enthusiastic

D.Critical

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.monitoringapatient'sdisease

B.diagnosingdisorders

C.locatingtumors

D.reconstructingdamagedtissues

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第三段指出:Inaddition，conventionalX-raygenerallydifferentiatesonlybetweenboneandair,asinthechestandlungs(另外，傳統(tǒng)X光射線(xiàn)通常只能在骨頭和空隙之間做出區(qū)分，比如胸腔和肺),由此可知A項(xiàng)“骨頭和空隙”。

2.判斷推理題。題干問(wèn)的是:身體相鄰交叉部位可能成什么樣的像？第二段指出:Tobeginwith,conventionaltwo-dimensionalX-raypicturescannotshowalloftheinformationcontainedinathree-dimensionobject.Thingsatdifferentdepthsaresuperimposed,causingconfusiontotheviewer(首先，傳統(tǒng)的二維X光射線(xiàn)成像不能顯示包含在三維物體里的所有信息。因?yàn)椴煌瑢用娌煌疃鹊挠绊懯钳B加的，這會(huì)使觀察者困惑),因此B項(xiàng)“三維的”正確。

3.判斷推理題。題干問(wèn)的是:和傳統(tǒng)X光射線(xiàn)相比,計(jì)算機(jī)斷層掃描更加…。第二段指出:Tobeginwith,conventionaltwo-dimensionalX-raypicturescannotshowalloftheinformationcontainedinathree-dimensionobject.Thingsatdifferentdepthsaresuperimposed,causingconfusiontotheviewer(首先，傳統(tǒng)的二維X光射線(xiàn)成像不能顯示包含在三維物體里的所有信息。因?yàn)椴煌瑢用娌煌疃鹊挠绊懯钳B加的，這會(huì)使觀察者困惑),Thecomputerisabletoreconstructpicturesofthebody'sinteriorbymeasuringthevaryingintensitiesofX-raybeamspassingthroughsectionsofthebodyfromhundredsofdifferentangles(計(jì)算機(jī)斷層掃描可以通過(guò)測(cè)量從數(shù)百個(gè)不同角度穿過(guò)身體截面的X線(xiàn)的強(qiáng)度變化來(lái)重新構(gòu)建身體內(nèi)部的圖像)。由此可知D項(xiàng)“能提供更多信息”正確。

4.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。文章通篇在講計(jì)算機(jī)斷層掃描相比傳統(tǒng)X光射線(xiàn)的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。最后一句話(huà)指出:Itcanaccuratelylocateatumorandsubsequentlymonitortheprogressofradiationtreatment,sothatinadditiontoitsdiagnosticcapabilities,itcanplayasignificantroleintherapy(它（即計(jì)算機(jī)斷層掃描）可以精確定位腫瘤位置來(lái)監(jiān)控放射治療的進(jìn)程，所以，除有診斷能力外，它在治療中能起到重要作用)。由此可知作者對(duì)于斷層掃描的態(tài)度是肯定的。故選C。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞computedtomography定位至最后一段:Itcanaccuratelylocateatumorandsubsequentlymonitortheprogressofradiationtreatment,sothatinadditiontoitsdiagnosticcapabilities,itcanplayasignificantroleintherapy(它（即計(jì)算機(jī)斷層掃描）可以精確定位腫瘤位置來(lái)監(jiān)控放射治療的進(jìn)程，所以，除有診斷能力外，它在治療中能起到重要作用)。因此A項(xiàng)“監(jiān)控患者的疾病”,B項(xiàng)“診斷疾病”和C項(xiàng)“定位腫瘤位置”都正確。故選D。

24.單選題

Computersareemployedtoprocesscensusdataandto（）suchfinancialbusinessascollectingtaxes.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.facilitate

B.fabricate

C.fortify

D.falsify

【答案】A

【解析】句意:電腦被用來(lái)處理普查數(shù)據(jù)和輔助金融業(yè)務(wù),比如收稅。

考查動(dòng)詞辨析。facilitate促進(jìn),促使,使便利;fabricate制造,偽造;fortify(尤指)筑城防御;(在物質(zhì)或精神上)加強(qiáng),增強(qiáng);增強(qiáng)(感覺(jué)或態(tài)度);falsify偽造,歪曲?？崭裉巹?dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)為“financialbusiness(金融業(yè)務(wù))”,因此A符合句意。

25.單選題

DuringtheWorldWarIImanyfamousscientistssoughtandreceivedpolitical（）intheUnitedStates.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.influence

B.persecution

C.shelter

D.oppression

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)influence“影響；勢(shì)力”；B選項(xiàng)persecution“迫害；煩擾”；C選項(xiàng)shelter“庇護(hù)；避難所”；D選項(xiàng)oppression“壓抑；鎮(zhèn)壓”。句意：第二次世界大戰(zhàn)期間，許多著名的科學(xué)家在美國(guó)尋求并得到了政治……。戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)期間，科學(xué)家們尋求的必然是“政治庇護(hù)”，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

26.單選題

Beforetheconstructionoftheroad,itwasprohibitivelyexpensivetotransportanyfursorfruitsacrossthemountains.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.determinedly

B.incredibly

C.amazingly

D.forbiddingly

【答案】D

【解析】考查副詞辨析。prohibitively在句中是“禁止地”，prohibitivelyexpensive的意思是極其昂貴。A選項(xiàng)determinedly“堅(jiān)定地，堅(jiān)決地”；B選項(xiàng)incredibly“端地；令人難以置信地”；C選項(xiàng)amazingly“驚人地，令人驚訝地”；D選項(xiàng)forbiddingly“禁止地”。句意：在修路之前，把毛皮和水果運(yùn)過(guò)山是非常昂貴的。根據(jù)選項(xiàng)詞義，只有D項(xiàng)符合。

27.單選題

Weexpecthimto（

）hispromise.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.carryoff

B.carryout

C.carrythrough

D.carryabout

【答案】B

【解析】句意:我們希望他能夠履行諾言。

考查短語(yǔ)辨析。carryoff奪去，獲得;carryout貫徹,執(zhí)行;carrythrough貫徹,完成;carryabout隨身攜帶。故B符合句意。

28.單選題

MalaysiaandIndonesiarelyonopenmarketsforforestandfisheryproducts.______,someAsiancountriesarehighlyprotectionist.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Naturally

B.Conversely

C.Deliberately

D.Evidently

【答案】B

【解析】考查副詞辨析。A項(xiàng)naturally“自然地”，B項(xiàng)conversely“相反地”，C項(xiàng)deliberately“故意地，緩慢而謹(jǐn)慎地”，D項(xiàng)evidently“顯然，明顯地，清楚地”。由openmarkets“開(kāi)放市場(chǎng)”和protectionist“貿(mào)易保護(hù)主義的”可知，前后語(yǔ)義是相反的，conversely符合語(yǔ)境。句意：馬來(lái)西亞和印度尼西亞的森林和漁業(yè)產(chǎn)品依賴(lài)開(kāi)放市場(chǎng)；相反，一些亞洲國(guó)家貿(mào)易保護(hù)主義色彩濃厚。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

29.單選題

ThisEuropeangeologistturnedouttobegoodcompanyandknewalotaboutthecountrywewerein,sowebenefitedtalkingwithhim.Hegaveusseveralveryusefultips.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.This

B.turnedout

C.goodcompany

D.benefitedtalkingwithhim

E.沒(méi)有錯(cuò)誤

【答案】D

【解析】語(yǔ)法題。介詞遺漏。在benefited后加上from。Benefit為不及物動(dòng)詞,常后面接from，表示“受益于…”。

30.單選題

PassagethreeToomanyvulnerablechild-freeadultsarebeingruthlessly(無(wú)情的)manipulatedintoparent-hoodbytheirparents,whothinkthathappinessamongolderpeopledependsonhavingagrand-childtospoil.Weneedanorganizationtohelpbeatdownthepersistentcampaignsofgrand-childlessparents.It’stimetoestablishPlannedGrandparenthood,whichwouldhavemanyglobalandlocalbenefits.

Partofitsmissionwouldbetopromotetherisksandrealitiesassociatedwithbeingagrandparent.Thestaffwouldincludedepressedgrandparentswhowouldexplainhowgrandkidsbreaklamps,bite,screamandkick.Otherswoulddetailhowanhour