考研考博-英語-公安消防部隊(duì)高等專科學(xué)?？荚囇侯}三合一+答案詳解1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-公安消防部隊(duì)高等?？茖W(xué)?？荚囇侯}三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Therearemanyarguments（）smokinginpublicplaces.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.for

B.from

C.against

D.towards

【答案】A

【解析】考查介詞辨析。句意：許多人反對(duì)在公共場(chǎng)所吸煙。

2.單選題

Althoughcatscannotseeincompletedarkness,theireyesaremuchmore_______tolightthanhumaneyes.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.glowing

B.sensitive

C.brilliant

D.gloomy

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)glowing“灼熱的；熱情洋溢的；鮮艷的”；B選項(xiàng)sensitive“敏感的；感覺的；靈敏的；感光的；易受傷害的；易受影響的”；C選項(xiàng)brilliant“燦爛的，閃耀的；杰出的；有才氣的；精彩的，絕妙的”；D選項(xiàng)gloomy“黑暗的；沮喪的；陰郁的”。句意：雖然貓?jiān)谕耆诎抵锌床灰姈|西，但它們的眼睛比人眼對(duì)光更敏感。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

3.單選題

ARepublicanplantocontroltherisingcostofSocialSecuritywouldgreatlyreduceretirementbenefitsformiddle-andupper-incomeAmericans,especiallythosenowyoungerthan25,accordingtoananalysisreleasedWednesdaybytheprogram'schiefactuary（精算師）.Theplan,byRep.PaulRyan,RepublicanofWisconsin,wouldreducebenefitsbygraduallyraisingtheretirementageandgraduallycuttingbenefitsforthetop70percentofearners.

Together,thetwoprovisionswouldreduceinitialbenefitsbyaboutaquarterformiddle-incomeAmericanswhoturn65in2050,accordingtotheanalysis.Wealthierretireeswouldseeevendeepercuts,losingaboutathirdofscheduledbenefitsin2050andmorethanhalfofscheduledbenefitsiftheyturn65in2080.

Withcongressionalelectionslessthantwoweeksaway,theRyanplanhasbeenafrequenttargetforDemocratsaccusingtheGOPofplottingtogutSocialSecurity.ButthereportbyStephenGoss,chiefactuaryfortheSocialSecurityAdministration,alsoexaminesotherideasforoverhaulingtheprogram,includingseveralunderdiscussionbyadeficit（赤字）-reductioncommissionappointedbyPresidentObama.LeadersinbothpartiessaySocialSecuritymaypresentthebestopportunityforcompromiseonthecommission,whichisduetoissueareportDec.1.

Goss'sanalysisshowsthatthoseideasmaynotbemuchmorepleasantthanRyan'splan.Forexample,allowingtheretirementagetocontinuerisingtwomonthsperyearuntilithitsage70wouldcutinitialbenefitsbynearly20percentforanyoneturning65in2050.Meanwhile,thecommissionistalkingaboutcuttingthecost-of-livingincreaseretireesreceiveeachyear,aswellascuttingtheirinitialbenefits.

"There'sbeenalotofdiscussionabouthoweasyitwouldbetocutSocialSecurityinordertosaveit,'saidRep.EarlPomeroy,DemocratofNorthDakota,whorequestedthereportaschairmanoftheHouseWaysandMeanssubcommitteeonSocialSecurity.‘Thenewanalysisrevealsthattheseproposalsresultinbenefitscutsrangingfrom10percenttoashighas50percent.…That'snotwhatI’dall'saving'SocialSecurity.’

RyanspokesmanConorSweeneysaidGossdidnotanalyzethefulleffectofRyan'splantobalancethefederalbudgetandignoredRyan'sproposaltoguaranteeahigherminimumbenefittolow-incomeretirees.Moretothepoint,Sweeneysaid,failingtooverhaulSocialSecurity—whichisalreadypayingoutmorethanitcollectsfrompayrolltaxes―willcausemoreimmediateharm."AccordingtotheSocialSecurityAdministration,CongressmanPomeroy'sdo-nothingplanwillimposepainfulacross-the-boardbenefitcutsoncurrentseniorsandthosenearingretirement,"

Sweeneysaid."Itisdeeplyirresponsibleforelectedleaderstostandidlewithicyindifferenceasthesocialsafetynetcollapses."

1.WhatcanbeinferredfromtheplanbyPaulRyan?

2.Whatdoestheword“gut’inthe3rdparagraphmean?

3.EarlPomeroyholdstheideathat（

）.

4.Astothelow-incomeretirees,（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Itencouragespeopletoretireasearlyaspossible.

B.Ithaslittleinfluenceontheupper-incomeretirees.

C.ItwasmadetocontrolthecostofSocialSecurity.

D.Itwillincreasethelower-incomeAmericana’sbenefits.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Cut.

B.Spoil.

C.Misuse.

D.Abolish.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.retiringat70willleadtonoinitialbenefitscuts

B.Ryan’splanisthebestwaytosaveSocialSecurity

C.initialbenefitscutsshouldbelimitedunder20%

D.initialbenefitscutsishelplessforSocialSecurity

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.theywereignoredbyGossinhisanalysis

B.Ryanpaidnoattentiontothemintheplan

C.Sweeneyproposedahigherminimumbenefit

D.theyaffordmorepayrolltaxesthantheothers

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:A

【解析】1.根據(jù)文章第一段最后一句‘PaulRyan,RepublicanofWisconsin,wouldreducebenefitsbygraduallyraisingtheretirementageandgraduallycuttingbenefitsforthetop70percentofearners.威斯康星州共和黨人保羅瑞安(PaulRyan)將通過逐步提高退休年齡和逐步削減收入最高的70%人群的福利來減少福利?！_定A選項(xiàng)‘它鼓勵(lì)人們盡早退休’,B選項(xiàng)‘它對(duì)高收入的退休人員幾乎沒有影響’,D選項(xiàng)‘它將增加低收入美國人的福利’錯(cuò)誤，C選項(xiàng)‘這是為了控制社會(huì)保障的成本’符合題意。

2.文章第三段劃線單詞所在句子句意‘瑞安計(jì)劃一直是民主黨人指責(zé)共和黨陰謀削弱社會(huì)保障的一個(gè)常見目標(biāo)?！詆ut意思是‘削減’，A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

.3根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段‘‘Thenewanalysisrevealsthattheseproposalsresultinbenefitscutsrangingfrom10percenttoashighas50percent.…That'snotwhatI’dall'saving'SocialSecurity.’新的分析顯示，這些提議導(dǎo)致的福利削減幅度從10%到50%不等。這并不是我所希望的拯救社會(huì)保障體系的方法。’可知D選項(xiàng)‘最初的福利削減對(duì)社會(huì)保障來說是無能為力的’正確。

4.根據(jù)最后一段第一句話‘RyanspokesmanConorSweeneysaidGossdidnotanalyzethefulleffectofRyan'splantobalancethefederalbudgetandignoredRyan'sproposaltoguaranteeahigherminimumbenefittolow-incomeretirees.Ryan發(fā)言人ConorSweeney稱，Goss并未全面分析Ryan平衡聯(lián)邦預(yù)算計(jì)劃的效果，且忽略了Ryan為低收入退休人員提供更高最低福利的提議?！芍狝選項(xiàng)‘他們?cè)贕oss的分析中被忽略了’正確。

4.單選題

Modern-daybusinessreallydoestranscendnationalbarriers.ThankstosophisticatedITandcommunicationssystems,businessescannowmarkettheirproductsonatrulyglobalscale.Theworldisindisputablybecomingasmallerplace,asserviceandmanufacturingcompaniessearchtheinternationalmarketplacefornewsuppliersandclients.Businessesmust,however,beawarethatoncetheyexpandtheareainwhichtheyoperate,theyfaceincreasedcompetition.Thestandardandqualityoftheirgoodsbecomeincreasinglyimportantinkeepingupwithcompetitors.Butmostofall,itistheserviceelementaccompanyingthegoodswhichiscrucialtoacompany’ssuccessinaparticularmarket.Thisnewphilosophyhasledtomanycompanies,someofwhichhaveevenofferedproductsofalesserquality,gainingsuccessoverseas.

Althoughglobalizationmay,insomesense,havebroughtnationaleconomiesclosertogether,societiesaroundtheworldstillhaveradicallydifferentexpectations,processes,andstandards.Thesearenotafunctionofeconomicchanges,butaremoredeep-rootedanddifficulttoalter.Theycanbeamajorproblemforbusinessesexpandingabroad,withthegreatestobstacleofallbeingthelanguagebarrier.Ifyouhavetodealwithclients,suppliersanddistributorsinarangeofcountries,youwillnotonlyneedtheskillstocommunicatewiththem,youwillalsoneedtoreconcileanynationalbiasesyouhavewiththediversewaysofdoingbusinessthatexistaroundtheglobe.

Thevalueofeffectivecommunicationisnottobeunderestimated.Nevtechnologysuchasvideoconferencingandemailhasplayedapartinmakingthecommunicationprocesseasier,anditmayalsobepossiblethattheintroductionoflanguageinterpretationsoftwarewillhelpwithsomeglobalcommunicationsproblems.But,ofcourse,itisthehumanelementofthecommunicationprocessthatissovitalinbusiness,especiallyinnegotiations,presentationsandteam-building.Itisessentialformanagerstomeetregularlywithstaff,customersandpartners,sothatissuescanbediscussed,messagescommunicatedandfeedbackobtained.

Thevalueofwell-organizedlanguagetrainingisimmense,andcanbringbenefitstoalllevelsanddepartmentswithinamultinationalorganization.Unfortunately,however,manyorganizationshaveaverynarrowviewwhenitcomestotrainingofanykind.Often,anurgentrequirementhastobeidentifiedbeforetrainingisauthorized.Then,atrainingcompanyisemployedoraprogramisdevelopedin-house,theteamistrained,andthatisseenastheendofthematter.However,thefactremainsthattrainingprogrammesareeffectiveonlyiftheyarerelevanttoacompany’sbreeder,long-termneeds.Theyshouldberegardedasaninvestmentratherthanacost.

Changesinexpectationsandattitudesarecertain,tocontinueforcompaniesthattradeglobally.Althoughsuchcompaniesarenotyetfacedwiththeirinternationalpartnersandclientsdemandingthatbusinessbeconductedintheirmothertongue,theyrealizethatoverseascompetitionisincreasingfast,ifthesecompanieswanttocontinuetoachievesuccessontheinternationaltradingcircuit,theymustbepreparedtoadapttosituationsandspeakthelocallanguage.Ifnot,someoneelsewill.

11.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,improvedcommunicationshaveenabledcompaniesto（）.

12.Approachestodoingbusinessvarybetweencountriesbecauseof（）.

13.Thewriterthinksthattheuseofmoderntechnologywill（）.

14.Acommonweaknessoftrainingcoursesisthatthey（）.

15.Whyshouldcompaniesdobusinessinthelanguageofthecountriestheyareoperatingin?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.offerawidervarietyofproductsandservices

B.expandbeyondtheirdomesticmarkets

C.performbetterthantheirinternationalcompetitors

D.openoremanufacturingfacilitiesabroad

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.localeconomicconsiderations

B.strongwishestoremainindependent

C.theexistenceofculturaldifferences

D.regulationsaboutbusinesspractices

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.speeduptheprocessoflanguageinterpretation

B.notleadtogreatercommunicationbetweencompaniesandclients

C.helpsolvetheproblemsinvolvedinmaintainingstrongteams

D.neverreplacetheneedforface-to-faceinteraction

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.aredevelopedbythewrongteam

B.donotgivegoodvalueformoney

C.areprovidedonlyifthereisanimmediateneed

D.donotdealwithacompany’sspecificrequirements

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.topreventothercompaniestakingtheirbusiness

B.tohelpthemfindnewinternationalpartners

C.tomeetclients’currentexpectations

D.tobecomemoreawareoftheircompetitors’activities

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】11.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到第一段第三句話ThankstosophisticatedITandcommunicationssystems,businessescannowmarkettheirproductsonatrulyglobalscale.（感謝精密的IT和溝通系統(tǒng)，企業(yè)現(xiàn)在可以在一個(gè)真正的全球規(guī)模上開發(fā)它們的產(chǎn)品市場(chǎng)。）這其中g(shù)lobal是個(gè)關(guān)鍵的暗示，可以聯(lián)想到海外市場(chǎng)，因此B選項(xiàng)“在國內(nèi)市場(chǎng)以外的地方擴(kuò)張”正確。A選項(xiàng)“提供更多種類的產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)”、C選項(xiàng)“比國際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手表現(xiàn)更好”兩項(xiàng)在原文中并未提及；D選項(xiàng)“在國外開設(shè)更多生產(chǎn)設(shè)施”，文中只說了可以在海外擴(kuò)張，沒有提到開設(shè)更多的生產(chǎn)設(shè)備。

12.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位至第二段開頭一段話Althoughglobalizationmay,insomesenses,havebroughtnationaleconomiesclosertogether,societiesaroundtheworldstillhaveradicallydifferentexpectations,processesandstandards.（雖然全球化可能在某種意義上使國家經(jīng)濟(jì)更加密切，但世界各地仍有著極度不同的期望、過程和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)）；后面又提到了一句youwillalsoneedtoreconcileanynationalbiasesyouhavewiththediversewaysofdoingbusinessthatexistaroundtheglobe.（你需要用不同的做生意的方式來與民族偏見和解）。這一段整體講的就是要克服溝通上的障礙，理解了內(nèi)容不難作答。因此C選項(xiàng)“原因是文化差異的存在”，與原文所表達(dá)的意思相符，正確。A選項(xiàng)“當(dāng)?shù)氐慕?jīng)濟(jì)因素”；B選項(xiàng)“強(qiáng)烈希望保持獨(dú)立”以及D選項(xiàng)“有關(guān)商業(yè)慣例的規(guī)例”都不是原文的觀點(diǎn)。

13.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到第三段，前面介紹說新技術(shù)，比如視頻會(huì)議和電子郵件，會(huì)使溝通過程更簡(jiǎn)單。并且語言翻譯軟件（languageinterpretationsoftware）會(huì)幫助解決一些國際溝通問題。后面一個(gè)BUT，才真正揭示了答案，說在溝通過程中人的作用是至關(guān)重要的。Itisessentialformanagerstomeetregularlywithstaff,customersandpartners.（經(jīng)理們定期會(huì)見員工、客戶和合作伙伴是很有必要的），從這一句可以看出作者的真正態(tài)度，是認(rèn)為當(dāng)面交流仍然很重要，因此D選項(xiàng)“現(xiàn)代技術(shù)永遠(yuǎn)也無法替代面對(duì)面互動(dòng)的需要”正確。A選項(xiàng)“加快語言口譯的過程”，不是作者真正的觀點(diǎn)；B選項(xiàng)“不能促進(jìn)公司和客戶之間的交流”，不正確，作者還是認(rèn)為現(xiàn)代技術(shù)是有用的，只是不能夠完全取代當(dāng)面交流；C選項(xiàng)“幫助解決維護(hù)強(qiáng)大團(tuán)隊(duì)所涉及的問題”，是無關(guān)項(xiàng)。

14.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位至第四段Often,anurgentrequirementhastobeidentifiedbeforetrainingisauthorized.（通常，在授權(quán)培訓(xùn)之前必須確定緊急需求），可知確認(rèn)有迫切的需要時(shí)培訓(xùn)才會(huì)被批準(zhǔn)。作者認(rèn)為很多公司的培訓(xùn)有些急功近利，trainingprogrammesareeffectiveonlyiftheyarerelevanttoacompany’sbroader,long-termneeds.Theyshouldberegardedasaninvestmentratherthanacost.（培訓(xùn)計(jì)劃只有在與公司更廣泛、更長期的需要相關(guān)時(shí)才有效。它們應(yīng)該被視為一種投資，而不是一種成本）。因此C選項(xiàng)“培訓(xùn)的缺點(diǎn)是：只有迫切需要時(shí)才會(huì)被提供”正確，其中immediateneed與原文urgentrequirement相照應(yīng)。A選項(xiàng)“是由錯(cuò)誤的團(tuán)隊(duì)開發(fā)的”，過度推斷，原文并未給出相關(guān)表達(dá)；B選項(xiàng)“沒有物有所值”，不正確；D選項(xiàng)“不處理公司的具體要求”，沒有提及。

15.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到最后一段demandingthatbusinessbeconductedintheirmothertongue,theyrealizethatoverseascompetitionisincreasingfast.（客戶要求他們使用母語，這些公司也意識(shí)到海外競(jìng)爭(zhēng)逐漸激烈。）還有最后一句Ifnot,someoneelsewill.（如果他們不說當(dāng)?shù)氐恼Z言，其他人會(huì)說的。）意思就是如果你不使用當(dāng)?shù)氐恼Z言做生意，其他人會(huì)取而代之的。因此A選項(xiàng)“防止其他公司占領(lǐng)了他們的業(yè)務(wù)”正確。B選項(xiàng)“幫助他們找到新的國際合作伙伴”，原文沒有提及；C選項(xiàng)“滿足客戶當(dāng)前的期望”，不是他們的目的；D選項(xiàng)“更多地了解競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手的活動(dòng)”，也不是他們的根本目的。

5.單選題

Thereisthefearthatbabiesmightbegeneticallyalteredtosuittheparents’wished.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.enhanced

B.revised

C.alternated

D.modified

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.enhanced加強(qiáng)，提高B.revised修改

C.alternated交替，輪流D.modified修改

【考查點(diǎn)】近義詞辨析

【解題思路】原文指的是嬰兒為了滿足父母的意愿改變基因。D選項(xiàng)modified“修改”，指為了適應(yīng)某一特定的目的，稍微改變某物，與原文最相符。原文alter“改變”。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)enhanced“加強(qiáng)，提高”，改變不一定是提高；

B選項(xiàng)revised“修改”，指修改意見或計(jì)劃，或者修訂書刊或估算；

C選項(xiàng)alternated“交替，輪流”，與altered屬于形近詞，但兩者意義不同。

【句意】人們擔(dān)心，嬰兒可能會(huì)根據(jù)父母的意愿進(jìn)行基因改造。

6.單選題

Afterhavingbeendismissedfromthefactory,Johnhadtoearnameagerlivingby（）televisionsets.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.overhauling

B.patching

C.servicing

D.remedying

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A:overhaul"分解檢查”；B:patch“修理，接通”；C:service“服務(wù)”；D:remedy“修補(bǔ)，彌補(bǔ)”。句意：在離開工廠之后，約翰不得不靠修電視來賺取微薄的收入。結(jié)合此處語義，B為正確答案。

7.單選題

Thescientistfounditpuzzlingthathistheoryencountered（

）despitewidespread

agreementthatitwas（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.respect...crucial

B.dismissal...simplistic

C.skepticism...unfathomable

D.opposition...indisputable

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析和形容詞詞義辨析。respect“尊敬，尊重”；crucial“重要的,決定性的”；dismissal“解雇，免職”；simplistic“過分簡(jiǎn)單化的，過分單純化的”；skepticism“懷疑論，懷疑的態(tài)度”；unfathomable“深不可測(cè)的，無底的”；opposition“反對(duì)，反對(duì)派”；indisputable“不容置疑的，不可爭(zhēng)辯的”。句意：令科學(xué)家困惑的是，盡管他的理論被一致認(rèn)為是不容置疑的，但是還是遭到了反對(duì)。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

8.單選題

Ifshe（）themeasles,shecouldhavegonetothepark.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.hadn’t

B.hadn’thad

C.hadhad

D.haven’t

【答案】B

【解析】本題考查虛擬語氣。與過去事實(shí)相反的虛擬條件句，條件從句的謂語用had＋過去分詞，主句的謂語用should（would，might，could）＋have＋過去分詞。句意：如果她沒有出麻疹，她就會(huì)去公園了。因此，B選項(xiàng)符合句意。

9.單選題

Thesedayswehearalotofnonsenseaboutthe“greatclasslesssociety”.Theideathatthe20thcenturyistheageofthecommonmanhasbecomeoneofgreatclichesofourtime.

Thesameoldargumentsareputforwardinevidence.Herearesomeofthem:Monarchyasasystemofgovernmenthascompletelydiscredited.Themonarchiesthatsurvivehavebeendeprivedofallpoliticalpower.Inheritedwealthhasbeensavagelyreducedbytaxationand,intime,thegreatfortuneswilldisappearaltogether.Inanumberofcountriesthevictoryhasbeencomplete.Thepeoplerule;thegreatmillenniumhasbecomeapoliticalreality.Buthasit?Closeexaminationdoesn’tbearouttheclaim.

Itisafallacytosupposethatallmenareequalandthatsocietywillbeleveledoutifyouprovideeverybodywiththesameeducationalopportunities.(Itisdebatablewhetheryoucaneverprovideeveryonewiththesameeducationalopportunities,butthatisanotherquestion.)Thefactisthatnaturedispensesbrainsandabilitywithatotaldisregardfortheprincipleofequality.Theoldrulesofthejungle,“survivalofthefittest”，and“mightisright“arestillwithus.Thespreadofeducationhasdestroyedtheoldclasssystemandcreatedanewone.Rewardsarebasedonmeritfor“aristocracy”read“meritocracy”；inotherrespectssocietyremainsunaltered:theclasssystemisrigidlymaintained

Genuineability,animalcunning,skilltheknackofseizingopportunities,allbringsmaterialrewards.Andwhatisthefirstthingpeopledowhentheybecomerich?Theyusetheirwealthtosecurethebestpossibleopportunitiesfortheirchildren,togivethem“agoodstartinlife”.Forallthelipservicewepaytotheideaofequality.Wedonotconsiderthiswronginthewesternworld.Privateschoolswhichofferunfairadvantagesoverstateschoolsarenotbannedbecauseoneoftheprinciplesinademocracyisthatpeopleshouldbefreetochoosehowtheywilleducatetheirchildren.Inthisway,thenewmeritocracycanperpetuateitselftoacertainextent:anablechildfromawealthyhomecansucceedfarmorerapidlythanhispoorercounterpart.Wealthisalsousedindiscriminatelytofurtherpoliticalends.Itwouldbealmostimpossibletobecometheleaderofademocracywithoutmassivefinancialbacking.Moneyisaspowerfulaweaponaseveritwas.

Insocietieswhollydedicatedtotheprincipleofsocialequality.Privilegedprivateeducationisforbidden.Butevenherepeoplearerewardedaccordingtotheirabilities.Infact,sogreatistheneedforskilledworkersthattheleastablemaybeneglected.Brightchildrenarecarefullyandexpensivelytrainedtobecomefuturerulers.Intheend,allpoliticalideologiesboildowntothesamething:classdivisionspersistwhetheryouareruledbyafeudalkingoraneducatedpeasant.

1.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?

2.Accordingtotheauthor,thesameeducationalopportunitiescan’tgetridofinequalitybecause（

）.

3.Whocanobtainmorerapidsuccess?

4.Whydoestheauthorsaythenewmeritocracycanperpetuateitselftoacertainextent?Because（

）.

5.Accordingtotheauthor,“classdivisions”refersto（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Equalityofopportunityinthetwentiethcenturyhasnotdestroyedtheclasssystem.

B.Equalitymeansmoney.

C.Thereisnosuchsocietyasclasslesssociety.

D.Naturecan’tgiveyouaclasslesssociety.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.theprinciple“survivalofthefittest”exists.

B.natureignoresequalityindispensingbrainsandability.

C.materialrewardsareforgenuineability.

D.peoplehavethefreedomhowtoeducatetheirchildren.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Thosewithwealth.

B.Thosewiththebestbrains..

C.Thosewiththebestopportunities.

D.Thosewhohavetheabilitytocatchatopportunities.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.moneydecideseverything.

B.privateschoolsofferadvantagesoverstateschools.

C.peoplearefreetochoosethewayofeducatingtheirchildren.

D.wealthisusedforpoliticalends.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.therichandthepoor.

B.differentopportunitiesforpeople.

C.oppressorandtheoppressed.

D.geniusandstupidity.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】1.主旨大意題。A項(xiàng)Equalityofopportunityinthetwentiethcenturyhasnotdestroyedtheclasssystem(20世紀(jì)的機(jī)會(huì)均等并沒有破壞階級(jí)制度)能更好概括本文主旨。

2.細(xì)節(jié)題。作者指出:自然在分配大腦和能力的時(shí)候，完全不考慮平等的原則。有智慧能力才能生存，才能獲報(bào)償，這已經(jīng)是不平等，因此即使獲同樣的受教育的機(jī)會(huì)，也不可能鏟除不平等。

3.細(xì)節(jié)題。第三段指出:英才教育在某種程度上是永存的。一個(gè)來自富有家庭的有能力的孩子要比其對(duì)立面獲得成功要快得多得多。因此推測(cè),有錢人能夠快速獲得成功。

4.細(xì)節(jié)題。英才教育在某種程度上是永存的。因?yàn)橛绣X,才上得起私立學(xué)校。故選A。

5.推斷題。作者強(qiáng)調(diào)窮人,富人在天賦、教育機(jī)會(huì)等方面的差異造成即使是同樣的教育機(jī)會(huì)也不可能鏟除不平等,因此在作者眼里,真正的階級(jí)分化在于貧富差距。

10.單選題

Whatare[A]thequalitiesthatapersonneedsinordertomakeagreatspeech?ThereisanoldChinesesaying[B]thatgoes,“amanisgoodbecauseofhismouth,andahorseisgoodbecauseofitslegs.”Humans[C]haveabilitytocommunicatethroughspeech,andinspeechwehaveaspecialopportunity[D]tomakeimpact.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.thequalities

B.thatgoes

C.haveability

D.tomakeimpact

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定用法。D選項(xiàng)處應(yīng)表示“產(chǎn)生影響”，impact是可數(shù)名詞，因此正確用法應(yīng)為“tomakeanimpact”。

11.單選題

People’sattitudetowardsdrugsvariesfrompersontoperson.Some__51__themasmiraculous;othersthinkofthemasdangerous.Thenwhatisthesensibleattitudetowarddrugs?

Ithinkthefirstthingtothinkaboutisthedifferencebetweendrugsandwonderdrugs.Theantibioticscanreally__52__certainbacterialdiseases.Ontheotherhand,themajordiseasesthreateningAmericanstodayarecancer,stroke,highbloodpressure,coronarydiseaseandetc.__53__them,thedoctor’sbagoftricksislimited.Hehasnowonderdrugs.

Sothefirstimportantlessonisnotto__54__toomuchfromdrugs.Ifyoucanacceptthefactthatthewaragainstmanyofourmostdevastatingdiseasesis,at__55__aholdingoperationratherthananinevitabletriumph,itwill__56__agreatdealtoeaseyourlifeaswellasthatofyourdoctor.Toomany__57__exertgreatpressuresondoctorstoprescribeforeverysmallsymptom,evenwhensuchtreatmentisunwarrantedordangerous.

Unfortunately,themedicalprofessionisguiltyoftakingpart,toacertain__58__,inthewrongfulaction.Thepatientwhodemandsashotofpenicillinforeverysniffleandsneezemaybe__59__theinjectionbyareluctant__60__becauseheiscertainthatifhedoesnot,thepatientwillsearchuntilhefindsadoctorwhowill.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.regard

B.regards

C.regarded

D.regarding

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.care

B.treat

C.cure

D.deal

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Toward

B.Pro

C.Against

D.Dealing

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.expect

B.except

C.expert

D.express

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.last

B.least

C.best

D.worst

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.make

B.do

C.take

D.have

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.patience

B.patient

C.patienthood

D.patients

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.extent

B.extension

C.extensive

D.extend

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.taken

B.fetched

C.given

D.done

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.physical

B.physic

C.physics

D.physician

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:C

第6題:B

第7題:D

第8題:A

第9題:C

第10題:D

【解析】51.考查時(shí)態(tài)。A選項(xiàng)regard“認(rèn)為”，一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；B選項(xiàng)regards，第三人稱單數(shù)的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；C選項(xiàng)regarded，一般過去時(shí)；D選項(xiàng)regarding，現(xiàn)在分詞形式，不能單獨(dú)做謂語。本題所在分句沒有動(dòng)詞，則空格處應(yīng)填入一個(gè)謂語動(dòng)詞，主語為Some“一些（人）”，排除B、D選項(xiàng)；根據(jù)后一個(gè)分句謂語thinkof“認(rèn)為”判斷，該處為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，且全文基本為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，排除B選項(xiàng)。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為A。

52.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)care“照顧；關(guān)心；顧慮”；B選項(xiàng)treat“治療”，強(qiáng)調(diào)過程；C選項(xiàng)cure“治好”，強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果；D選項(xiàng)deal“販毒；發(fā)牌”，搭配介詞with，構(gòu)成短語dealwith才有“處理，對(duì)付”的意思。句意：抗生素確實(shí)可以____某些細(xì)菌性疾病?？股乜梢杂糜谀承┘?xì)菌性疾病，強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果，把病治好。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為C。

53.考查介詞辨析與上下文語義。A選項(xiàng)toward“向；對(duì)（某事的態(tài)度）；（時(shí)間上）接近”；B選項(xiàng)pro“支持，贊成”；C選項(xiàng)against“反對(duì)；防備（令人不快的或有害的事物）”；D選項(xiàng)dealing“商業(yè)往來，交易”。句意：____它們，醫(yī)生的手段是有限的。根據(jù)句意，此處應(yīng)該是指治療這些疾?。ú皇侵笇?duì)它們的態(tài)度），醫(yī)生們的手段有限。C選項(xiàng)最符合語境，D選項(xiàng)搭配介詞with，構(gòu)成短語dealwith才有“處理，對(duì)付”的意思。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為C。

54.考查形近詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)expect“期望，動(dòng)詞”；B選項(xiàng)except“除……以外，介詞”；C選項(xiàng)expert“專家，名詞”；D選項(xiàng)express“表達(dá)，動(dòng)詞”。句意：第一個(gè)重要的教訓(xùn)是不要對(duì)藥品____太多。根據(jù)句意，“期望”最符合語義，本題解題的關(guān)鍵在于區(qū)別形近詞。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為A。

55.考查固定搭配與上下文語義。A選項(xiàng)atlast“最終”；B選項(xiàng)atleast“至少”；C選項(xiàng)atbest“最多，充其量”，用于在情況很糟糕的時(shí)候，可能發(fā)生的最好的事情；D選項(xiàng)atworst“在最壞的情況下”。句意：對(duì)抗許多最具毀滅性疾病的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)____是一場(chǎng)維持現(xiàn)狀的行動(dòng)，而不是必然的勝利。原句想表達(dá)的是，在面對(duì)很多毀滅性的疾病的時(shí)候，能發(fā)生的最好的情況也只是維持現(xiàn)狀，“充其量”與句意最搭配。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為C。

56.考查固定搭配與上下文語義。A選項(xiàng)make“制作；使得”；B選項(xiàng)do“做”；C選項(xiàng)take“占據(jù)；拿”；D選項(xiàng)have“有”。句意：如果你能接受這樣一個(gè)事實(shí)，即……的話，這將對(duì)減輕你和你的醫(yī)生的生活負(fù)擔(dān)____很多。根據(jù)句意，接受某個(gè)事實(shí)可以幫助減輕你和你的醫(yī)生的生活負(fù)擔(dān)。B選項(xiàng)doagreatdealto做了很多，最符合句意，可引申為“有助于”。干擾選項(xiàng)Amakeagreatdeal意為“做了一筆大買賣”，或者makeagreatdealoutofsth“小題大做”，總之沒有“做了很多，有幫助”的意思。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為B。

57.考查形近詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)patience“耐心，名詞”；B選項(xiàng)patient“病人，單數(shù)名詞；有耐心的，形容詞”；C選項(xiàng)patienthood“病態(tài)心理，名詞”；D選項(xiàng)patients“病人，名詞復(fù)數(shù)”。句意：太多的____對(duì)醫(yī)生施加了巨大的壓力……。根據(jù)句意，空格處應(yīng)填入名詞病人；原文空格前有many，所以填入的應(yīng)為復(fù)數(shù)名詞。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為D。

58.考查固定搭配與上下文語義。A選項(xiàng)extent“程度，名詞”；B選項(xiàng)extension“拓展，延伸，名詞”；C選項(xiàng)extensive“廣泛的；大量的，形容詞”；D選項(xiàng)extend“延伸，動(dòng)詞”。句意：醫(yī)務(wù)人員，____，犯有參與不法行為的罪行?！皌oacertain____”在原文中做插入語，固定搭配toacertainextent意為“在某種程度上”。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為A。

59.考查固定搭配與上下文語義。A選項(xiàng)taken“拿”；B選項(xiàng)fetched“取來”；C選項(xiàng)given“給”；D選項(xiàng)done“做”。句意：每次打噴嚏就要打一針青霉素的病人可能被____注射。不考慮空格處的詞，句子也能表達(dá)完整的語義，“注射；打針”從醫(yī)生的角度說是“giveaninjection”,從病人的角度說是“have/takeaninjection”。原文主語為病人，但用了被動(dòng)語態(tài)，所以用動(dòng)詞用“give”更合適。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為C。

60.考查形近詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)physical“物理的，形容詞”；B選項(xiàng)physic“藥物，名詞；給病人服藥，動(dòng)詞”；C選項(xiàng)physics“物理學(xué)，名詞”；D選項(xiàng)physician“醫(yī)生，內(nèi)科醫(yī)生，名詞復(fù)數(shù)”。句意：被一個(gè)不情愿的____注射，根據(jù)句意和上下文，此處應(yīng)該填醫(yī)生。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為D。

12.單選題

Althoughmanyexpertsagreethatmorechildrenareoverweight,thereisdebateoverthebestwaysto（）theproblem.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.relate

B.tackle

C.file

D.attach

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)relate“關(guān)聯(lián)”；B選項(xiàng)tackle“處理”；C選項(xiàng)file“提出”；D選項(xiàng)attach“附加”。句意：盡管許多專家一致認(rèn)為有更多的兒童超重，但是對(duì)于解決這個(gè)問題的最佳方法還存在爭(zhēng)議。本句表示解決兒童超重問題的方法，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

13.單選題

Lying（）farbackinthemountains,thecoalhadtobehauledfromadeepvalley.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.asitis

B.asitdid

C.wasis

D.didit

【答案】B

【解析】考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句用法?！斑^去分詞+asitis(was)”“現(xiàn)在分詞+asitdoes(did)”是一種強(qiáng)調(diào)語氣的表示原因的結(jié)構(gòu)。由于lying為lie的現(xiàn)在分詞，故用“現(xiàn)在分詞+asitdoes(did)”這個(gè)句型，此句相當(dāng)于：Asitlayfarbackinthemountains...句意：由于煤礦位于深山深處，所以必須從深谷里運(yùn)來。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

14.單選題

TheATMsenablebankcustomerstoaccesstheirmoney24hoursadayandsevendaysaweek________ATMsarelocated.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.wherever

B.whenever

C.however

D.whatever

【答案】A

【解析】考查狀語從句。A選項(xiàng)wherever“無論何地”；B選項(xiàng)whenever“無論何時(shí)”；C選項(xiàng)“however”然而；D選項(xiàng)whatever“無論什么”。句意：ATM機(jī)能夠讓銀行客戶全天24小時(shí)之內(nèi)取到錢（）有ATM機(jī)的地方。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞located，我們可知這是要選一個(gè)關(guān)于地點(diǎn)的狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有A能表地點(diǎn)。

15.單選題

Whyinanageoftechnology,shouldsomanypeoplestillclingtoanancientbelief?Inpartitmustbebecauseastrology（占星術(shù)）claimstotellussomethingaboutourselves,andallofusareinterestedinourselves.Ithinkitisbecauseastrologyispresentedasifitwereasciencebyitsmodernpractitioner,andmanypeoplearemisledbythis.

Infact，astrologywasneverascience.Itwasnotahypothesisortheorydevelopedtodescribenaturalphenomena,anduntilfairlyrecenttimes,therewasnoattempttotestorverifyitspredictions.AstrologybeganapproximatelythreethousandyearsagoinBabylonia,itwasappliedtomonarchsandkingdoms,butnottoindividuals.Itspreadinthe6thcenturyBCasFarasIndia,whereitflourishestoday.TheEgyptians,meanwhile,developedtheirownkindofastrology.ButtheastrologynowpracticedinEuropeandAmericaisthatdevelopedbytheGreeks,whosynthesizedtheideasofBabyloniansandEgyptiansandenrichedthemwithconceptsfromtheirownfertileimaginations.TheGreeksbelievedthattheearthwascomposedoffourelements,andtheheavensofaperfectcrystallinematerial.Theplanetsthemselveswerevariouslythoughttobegods,residencesofgods,oratleastmanifestationsofgods.Thegodswereimmortal,butotherwisehadthesameattributesofanger,happiness,jealousy,rageandpleasureaswedo.Nowifwhatthegods'thoughtwascapricious（變化無常的），atleasttheplanetswerepredictableintheirmovements.Becauseourownlotinlifeissounpredictable,itmustbepurelyatthemercyofgods.Butifthegodsaretheplanets,orsomehowassociatedwiththem,thenwehaveonlytolearntherulesofthemotionsoftheplanetstounderstandthewhimsofthegodsandhowtheyshapeourownlives.Sothebeliefdevelopedthateachofourlivesispreordainedbythepreciseconfigurationoftheplanetsintheskyatthetimeofourbirth.

Astrologycouldnot,ofcourse,haveseemedasincredibletotheancientsasitdoestous.Theroleofthesuninfluencingourdailyandyearlylivesisobvious;itwasanaturalextensiontoattributeotherpowerstotheotherplanetsaswell.Itwasn'tuntilthetimeofNewtonthatweunderstoodthatthelawsofNatureapplytothecelestialworldsaswellastotheterrestrialone.Duringantiquity,however,allgreatscholarsbelievedinastrology.

1.Manypeoplearemisledbyastrologybecauseitispresentedbythepractitionersas（

）.

2.Itisimpliedthatastrologyisbasedonthebeliefthat

（

）.

3.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutthescholarsbeforethetimeofNewton?

4.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthepassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.atheorythatcandescribenaturalphenomena

B.amagicalkeytounderstandthemselves

C.anancientbeliefthathadlongbeenappliedtomonarchs

D.amysteriouspowerbeyondtheexplanationofscience

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.thegods’intentionswerehardtopredict

B.thefateofourliveswereunpredictable

C.thegodsarecloselyrelatedtotheplanets

D.thegodshavethesameattributesaswedo

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Someofthemwereconvincedbyastrology.

B.Theydidn'tknowt