考研考博-英語(yǔ)-云南經(jīng)貿(mào)外事職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解篇

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-云南經(jīng)貿(mào)外事職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

______,Edwardcouldn’thelpbutresenthowinsignificanthismothermadehimfeel.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Warmheartedashewas

B.Thathewaswarm-hearted

C.Thoughwarm-heartedhewas

D.Warm-heartedalthoughhewas

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.Warm-heartedashewas盡管他是個(gè)熱心腸的B.Thathewaswarm-hearted他是個(gè)熱心腸的

C.Thoughwarm-heartedhewas盡管他是個(gè)熱心腸的D.Warm-heartedalthoughhewas盡管他是個(gè)熱心腸的

【考查點(diǎn)】倒裝句。

【解題思路】該句考查倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，as/though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句放句首要進(jìn)行部分倒裝，一般是將表語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)提前，即名詞/動(dòng)詞/形容詞/副詞+as/though+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)，所以該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

C項(xiàng)應(yīng)該把warm-hearted放句首；

B項(xiàng)是一個(gè)主語(yǔ)從句，但題干不缺主語(yǔ)成分；

D項(xiàng)although不倒裝。

【句意】盡管愛德華是個(gè)熱心腸的人，但他還是忍不住對(duì)母親讓他覺得自己微不足道感到氣憤。

2.單選題

Afterall,thefoodcrisisisoverandthewoodwill（

）itslong-termupwardtrendinagricultureproduction.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.resume

B.renew

C.recover

D.restore

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。resume“重新開始，繼續(xù)”；renew“更新”；recover“恢復(fù)”；restore“恢復(fù)，還原”。句意：畢竟糧食危機(jī)已經(jīng)解除，木材將繼續(xù)它在農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)品中的上漲趨勢(shì)。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

3.單選題

Acomprehensivemarketsystemshouldbeestablishedto______theflowoftalent,fundsandmaterials.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.suffice

B.necessitate

C.facilitate

D.fabricate

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.suffice足夠；足以B.necessitate使成為必要

C.facilitate促進(jìn)；促使D.fabricate編造；捏造

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析。

【解題思路】按照句意“應(yīng)該建立一個(gè)全面的市場(chǎng)體系來(lái)______人才、資金和物資的流動(dòng)”，根據(jù)空格后的單詞flow可知，空格處表示“促進(jìn)”符合句意，故該題選擇C項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、D項(xiàng)都不符合句意。

【句意】應(yīng)該建立一個(gè)全面的市場(chǎng)體系來(lái)促進(jìn)人才、資金和物資的流動(dòng)。

4.單選題

Ⅷ.Internationallaw

Legalconceptsofdomesticlawprofoundlyinfluencethewayhowoneapproachesandconceptualizesinternationallaw.JamesCrawfordhasobservedthat“itcannotbesaidtoooftenthatourthinkingaboutlawisinfiltrated,marinated,drenchedwiththeinfluenceofnationallegalsystems,withtheircharacteristicwaysofenforcingobligationsandvindicatingrights.Wewereallnationallawyersfirst”.Thatissurelyright(althoughthetrendtowardsspecializationthaterodestheauthorityofgeneralistsmightalsoeventuallyexpungethememoryofthedomesticoriginsoftheinvisiblecollege).

Thedomesticlawperspectiveapplieswithparticularforcetointernationaltreatiesthatcombineaconsensualform,primafaciereminiscentofthestructureemployedinthedomesticlawofcontracts,withasubstantivebreadth,primafacieextendingbeyondthelegalrelationshipsthatwouldbeaddressedbythelawofcontractsindomesticlaw.AconvenientpointofdepartureisthepropositionmadebyArnoldMcNairaslongagoasin1930,contrastingthevarietylegalformsemployedbythedomesticlegalorderwiththesparsenessofformbywhichinternationallawaddressedsubstantivelycomparablelegalrelationships:Theinternallawsofthemodernstateprovideitsmemberswithavarietyoflegalinstrumentsfortheregulationoflifewithinthatcommunity:thecontract;theconveyanceorassignmentofimmovableormovableproperty,whichmaybemadeforvaluableconsiderationormaybeagiftoranexchange;thegratuitouspromiseclothedinaparticularform;thecharterorprivateActofParliamentcreatingacorporation;legislation,whichmaybeconstituent,suchasawrittenconstitution,fragmentaryorcomplete,ormaybedeclaratoryofexistinglaw,orcreatenewlaw,orcodifyexistinglawwithcomparativelyunimportantchanges.Further,thoughrarely,wemayfindaconstitutionaldocumentwhichcloselyresemblestheinternationaltreatyitself.

Ifthedebateisputinahistoricalperspective,itmaybesaidthattheappropriatenessofdomesticanalogieshasbeendebatedinslightlydifferingtermsbyeachsucceedinggenerationofinternationallawyers.Inthelate19thcentury,HeinrichTriepeldrewthedistinctionbetweentreatiesanalogoustocontractsproperlyso-called,wherethecontractualpartiespursuedopposinginterests,andthelaw-makingtreatiesanalogoustoagreements,wherethecontractualpartiespursuedcommoninterests.

Intheinter-Warperiod,HerschLauterpachtdismissedanypracticalvalueofthedistinction,andmadeapowerfulargumentofanalogybetweendomesticcontractlawontheonehandandthelawoftreatiesandparticulartreatyregimesontheotherhand.Conversely,McNairmadeanequallypowerfulargumentforabroaderlistofpossibleanalogiesfromdomesticlaw,shiftingtheattentiontopubliclaw,andinparticularcasesshowingscepticismaboutthevalueofrelyingonprivatelaw.

1.JamesCrawfordthinksthat___.

2.ArnoldMcNaircomparedlegalformsindomesticlawwiththoseofinternationallawin1930andfoundthat___.

3.HeinrichTriepelmadethedistinctionbetween___.

4.Fromthelastparagraph,wecanseethatHerschLauterpachtandMcNair___.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.thecharacteristicwaysofenforcingobligationsinnationallegalsystemdecidestheinternationallegalsystem

B.influenceofnationallegalsystemsgetintoone’sthinkingaboutlaw

C.nationallawyerscandothingsbetter

D.internationallawismarinatedbynationallaw

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.forsubstantivelycomparablelegalrelationshipsthereweremuchlessformsofinternationallaw

B.internationaltreatiesresemblethestructureemployedinthedomesticlaw

C.thedomesticlawperspectiveapplieswithparticularforcetointernationaltreaties

D.thegratuitouspromiseisclothedinaparticularform

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.treatiesandcontracts

B.internationallawyersanddomesticlawyers

C.contractualparties

D.differenttypesoftreaties

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.disagreedonthenatureofinternationallaw

B.bothmadeanalogiesofinternationallawtodomesticlaw

C.applieddifferentmethodologyinanalyzingtherelationbetweeninternationallawanddomesticlaw

D.haddifferentviewinpossibleanalogies

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:D

【解析】1.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“JamesCrawford”定位到原文第一段JamesCrawfordhasobservedthat“itcannotbesaidtoooftenthatourthinkingaboutlawisinfiltrated,marinated,drenchedwiththeinfluenceofnationallegalsystems,withtheircharacteristicwaysofenforcingobligationsandvindicatingrights.Wewereallnationallawyersfirst”.（詹姆斯?克勞福德曾指出，“我們對(duì)法律的思考被國(guó)家法律體系的影響所滲透、浸泡、浸透，以及它們執(zhí)行義務(wù)和維護(hù)權(quán)利的獨(dú)特方式，這種情況不能說(shuō)太多。我們首先都是國(guó)家律師”）可知選B選項(xiàng)“國(guó)家法律制度的影響進(jìn)入人們對(duì)法律的思考”，同時(shí)可知A選項(xiàng)“在本國(guó)法律體系中履行義務(wù)的獨(dú)特方式?jīng)Q定了國(guó)際法律體系”錯(cuò)誤，我們對(duì)法律的思考被它們執(zhí)行義務(wù)和維護(hù)權(quán)利的獨(dú)特方式所影響，但是并沒有說(shuō)在本國(guó)法律體系中履行義務(wù)的獨(dú)特方式能決定國(guó)際法律體系；C選項(xiàng)“國(guó)家律師可以做得更好”，D選項(xiàng)“國(guó)際法受國(guó)內(nèi)法的制約”未提及。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

2.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。定位到原文第二段開頭Thedomesticlawperspectiveapplieswithparticularforcetointernationaltreatiesthatcombineaconsensualform,primafaciereminiscentofthestructureemployedinthedomesticlawofcontracts,withasubstantivebreadth,primafacieextendingbeyondthelegalrelationshipsthatwouldbeaddressedbythelawofcontractsindomesticlaw.（國(guó)內(nèi)法的觀點(diǎn)特別適用于國(guó)際條約，這些條約結(jié)合了協(xié)商一致的形式，表面上使人想起國(guó)內(nèi)合同法所采用的結(jié)構(gòu)，實(shí)質(zhì)上具有廣泛性，表面上超越了國(guó)內(nèi)法中合同法所處理的法律關(guān)系）可知B選項(xiàng)“國(guó)際條約類似于國(guó)內(nèi)法所采用的結(jié)構(gòu)”，C選項(xiàng)“國(guó)內(nèi)法的觀點(diǎn)特別適用于國(guó)際條約”和原文相符；第一段thegratuitouspromiseclothedinaparticularform（無(wú)償?shù)某兄Z是以一種特殊的形式體現(xiàn)出來(lái)的）可知D選項(xiàng)“無(wú)償?shù)某兄Z是以一種特殊的形式體現(xiàn)出來(lái)的”符合原文；A選項(xiàng)“就實(shí)質(zhì)性可比的法律關(guān)系而言，國(guó)際法的形式要少得多”原文未提及。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

3.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“HeinrichTriepel”定位到原文第三段HeinrichTriepeldrewthedistinctionbetweentreatiesanalogoustocontractsproperlyso-called,wherethecontractualpartiespursuedopposinginterests,andthelaw-makingtreatiesanalogoustoagreements,wherethecontractualpartiespursuedcommoninterests.（海因里希?特里佩爾區(qū)分了類似于合同的條約，即所謂的合同當(dāng)事人追求對(duì)立利益的條約，以及類似于協(xié)議的立法條約，即合同當(dāng)事人追求共同利益的條約）可知選D選項(xiàng)“不同類型的條約”；A選項(xiàng)“條約和合同”，B選項(xiàng)“國(guó)際律師和國(guó)內(nèi)律師”以及C選項(xiàng)“合同方”和原文不符合。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

4.定位到原文最后一段Intheinter-Warperiod,HerschLauterpachtdismissedanypracticalvalueofthedistinction,andmadeapowerfulargumentofanalogybetweendomesticcontractlawontheonehandandthelawoftreatiesandparticulartreatyregimesontheotherhand.Conversely,McNairmadeanequallypowerfulargumentforabroaderlistofpossibleanalogiesfromdomesticlaw,shiftingtheattentiontopubliclaw,andinparticularcasesshowingscepticismaboutthevalueofrelyingonprivatelaw.（在兩次世界大戰(zhàn)期間，HerschLauterpacht駁斥了這種區(qū)別的任何實(shí)際價(jià)值，并對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)合同法與條約和特定條約制度的法律之間的類比進(jìn)行了強(qiáng)有力的論證。相反，麥克奈爾提出了一個(gè)同樣有力的論點(diǎn)，認(rèn)為可以從國(guó)內(nèi)法中進(jìn)行更廣泛的類比，并將注意力轉(zhuǎn)移到公法上，特別是那些對(duì)依靠私法的價(jià)值表示懷疑的案例）可知選D選項(xiàng)“在可能的類比中有不同的觀點(diǎn)”；最后一段未提到他倆在國(guó)際法上有分歧，A選項(xiàng)“在國(guó)際法的性質(zhì)上有分歧”錯(cuò)誤；B選項(xiàng)“兩者都將國(guó)際法與國(guó)內(nèi)法進(jìn)行了類比”和原文不符合；C選項(xiàng)“在分析國(guó)際法和國(guó)內(nèi)法之間的關(guān)系時(shí)采用了不同的方法”在最后一段未提及。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

Questions9to12arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Atallchimney.

B.Ahugepieceofrock.

C.Thepeakofamountain.

D.Thestumpofagianttree.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Humanactivity.

B.Chemicalprocesses.

C.Windandwater.

D.Fireandfury.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Itwasbuiltinancienttimes.

B.Itisahistoricalmonument.

C.Itwascreatedbysupernaturalpowers.

D.ItisIndians’sacredplaceforworship.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Bykillingtheattackingbears.

B.Byshelteringtheminacave.

C.Byliftingthemwellabovetheground.

D.Bytakingthemtothetopofamountain.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:C

【解析】PassageOne

[9]Devil’sTower,thefirstnationalmonumentinAmerica,couldalmostbemistakenforthestumpofanenormoustree.Itssheerrocksidessweepupfromabroadbaseuntiltheycutoffabruptlyattheflatsummit.Risingmorethan1,000feetinthemiddleofthegentlyrollingplainsofWyoming,themassivecolumnofrock,looksasthoughitwasdroppeddownintothislocationfromadifferenttimeandplace.

Inasense,itwas.Devil’sTowerisarelicofthepastwhenthemeltedrockoftheearth’scoreforceditswaytothesurfacetoformthethroatofavolcano.Asthecenturiespassed,therockcooledandhardened,shrinkingandcrackingintolongcolumns,borninfireandfury.[10]Devil’sTowerwasthenshapedbytheslow,gentleworkofwindandwater.Theouterlayersofthevolcanowerewornawayuntilthehardcorestoodcompletelyexposed.

[11]SmallwonderthatanIndianlegenddescribedDevil’sTowerasbeingformedbysupernaturalpowers.Thelegendsaysthatwhensevengirlswereattackedbybears,theytookrefugeontopofasmallrock,andtheyappealedtotheRockGodforhelp.[12]TheGodcausedtherocktogrowandtoliftthegirlsfarabovetheground,whileitssideswerescoredbytheclawsoftheangrybears.Eventoday,saysthelegend,thegirlscanbeseenabovethetoweringrockassevenshiningstarsinthenightsky.

9.WhatdoesDevil’sTowerlooklike?

【試題答案】D

【試題解析】題目問(wèn)惡魔塔看上去像什么？錄音首句就指出，惡魔塔為美國(guó)的第一個(gè)國(guó)家紀(jì)念碑。因其獨(dú)特的外形，差點(diǎn)被人們誤認(rèn)為是一棵巨大無(wú)比的樹樁。因此D選項(xiàng)“巨大的樹樁”正確。A選項(xiàng)“一個(gè)高大的煙囪”和C選項(xiàng)“一座山的頂峰”在錄音中沒有提及；B選項(xiàng)“一塊巨大的巖石”，錄音有提及惡魔塔實(shí)質(zhì)上是由巨大的巖石構(gòu)成，但題目問(wèn)的是惡魔塔看上去像什么，因此B選項(xiàng)不符合題干。

10.Whatcausedthevolcano’souterlayertowearaway?

【試題答案】C

【試題解析】題目問(wèn)是什么導(dǎo)致了火山表面的侵蝕？錄音中有提到惡魔塔是如何形成的。它是由巖石冷卻、變硬、收縮和斷裂而最終形成的。在此漫長(zhǎng)過(guò)程中，惡魔塔受到風(fēng)化水蝕?；鹕奖砻姹磺治g掉，堅(jiān)硬的中心巖石完全暴露出來(lái)。因此，C選項(xiàng)正確。A選項(xiàng)“人類活動(dòng)”和B選項(xiàng)“化學(xué)過(guò)程”在錄音中均沒有提及；D選項(xiàng)“火的燃燒與灼熱”，錄音中提到此信息是描述惡魔塔所產(chǎn)生的環(huán)境，并不是其外層被侵蝕掉的原因，因此D選項(xiàng)不正確。

11.WhatdoesanIndianlegendsayaboutDevil’sTower?

【試題答案】C

【試題解析】題目問(wèn)關(guān)于惡魔塔的印第安傳說(shuō)是怎樣的？錄音提到，印第安傳說(shuō)中說(shuō)魔鬼塔是由超自然力量形成的。C選項(xiàng)“它是由超自然力量創(chuàng)造的”與錄音原文表述一致，因此正確。A選項(xiàng)“它是在遠(yuǎn)古時(shí)代建造的”和D選項(xiàng)“它是印第安人敬奉的圣地”在錄音中沒有信息提及；B選項(xiàng)“它是一個(gè)歷史紀(jì)念碑”，錄音中雖有提及惡魔塔是一座國(guó)家紀(jì)念碑（nationalmonument），但不等同于歷史紀(jì)念碑（historicalmonument），而且這與題目問(wèn)的印第安傳說(shuō)沒有相關(guān)性，因此可排除B選項(xiàng)。

12.HowdidtheRockGodhelpthesevengirlsintheIndianlegend?

【試題答案】C

【試題解析】題目問(wèn)“石神”是如何幫助印第安傳說(shuō)中的七個(gè)女孩的？錄音最后詳細(xì)講述了這個(gè)關(guān)于惡魔塔的印第安傳說(shuō)：七個(gè)印第安女孩遇到熊的攻擊。女孩們無(wú)處可逃，爬上了小巖石的頂部，向“石神”求助?！笆瘛弊寧r石往上“長(zhǎng)”起來(lái)，熊只能用爪子在巖石上抓出一道道的深痕。因此，C選項(xiàng)“從地面上把她們抬升起來(lái)”符合原文表述。A選項(xiàng)“殺死攻擊人的熊”；B選項(xiàng)“在山洞里掩護(hù)她們”和D選項(xiàng)“將她們帶到山頂”在錄音中均沒有提及。

6.單選題

At18,AshanthiDeSilvaofsuburbanClevelandisalivingsymbolofoneofthegreatintellectualachievementsofthe20thcentury.Bornwithanextremelyrareandusuallyfataldisorderthatleftherwithoutafunctioningimmunesystem(the“bubble-boydisease”,namedafteranearliervictimwhowaskeptaliveforrearsinasterileplastictent)，shewastreatedbeginningin1990witharevolutionarynewtherapythatsoughttocorrectthedefectatitsverysource,inthegenesofherwhitebloodcells.Itworked.Althoughherlastgene-therapytreatmentwasin1992,sheiscompletelyhealthywithnormalimmunefunction,accordingtooneofthedoctorswhotreatedher,W.FrenchAndersonoftheUniversityofSouthernCalifornia.Researchershavelongdreamedoftreatingdiseasesfromhemophiliatocancerbyreplacingmutantgeneswithnormalones.Andthedreamingmaycontinuefordecadesmore.“Therewillbeagene-basedtreatmentforessentiallyeverydisease,”Andersonsays,“within50years.”

It’snotentirelyclearwhymedicinehasbeensoslowtobuildonAnderson’searlysuccess.TheNationalInstitutesofHealthbudgetofficeestimatesitwillspend$432millionongene-therapyresearchin2005,andthereisnoshortageofpromisingleads.Thetherapeuticgenesareusuallydeliveredthroughvirusesthatdon’tcausehumandisease.“ThevirusissortoflikeaTrojanhouse.”saysRonaldCrystalofNewYorkPresbyterian/WeillCornellMedicalCollege.“Thecarnageisthegene.”

AttheUniversityofPennsylvania’sAbramsonCancerCenterCarlJunerecentlytreatedHIVpatientswithageneintendedtohelptheircellsresisttheinfection.AtCornellUniversity,researchersarepursuinggene-basedtherapiesforParkinson’sdiseaseandararehereditarydisorderthatdestroyschildren’sbraincells.AtStanfordUniversityandtheChildren’sHospitalofPhiladelphia,researchersaretryingtofigureouthowtohelppatientswithhemophiliawhotodaymustinjectthemselveswithexpensivedottingdragsforlife.Animalexperimentshaveshowngreatpromise.

Butsomehow,thingsgetlostinthetranslationfromlaboratorytohumantrialsofthehemophiliatreatment,patientsshowaresponseatfirst,butitfadesovertime.Andthefieldhasstillnotrecoveredfromthesetbackitsufferedin1999,whenJesseGelsinger,an18-year-oldwithararemetabolicdisorder,diedafterreceivinganexperimentalgenetherapyattheUniversityofPennsylvania.Someexpertsworrythatthefieldwillbetarnishedfurtherifthenextpeopletobenefitarenotpatientsbutathletesseekinganedge.ThissummerresearchersattheSalkInstituteinSanDiegosaidtheyhadcreateda“marathonmouse”byimplantingagenethatenhancesrunningability;already,officialsattheWorldAnti-DopingAgencyarepreparingtotestathletesforsignsof“genedoping”.Buttheprincipleisthesame,whetheryou’retryingtohelpahealthyrunnerrunfasterorallowamuscular-dystrophypatienttowalk.“Everybodyrecognizesthatgenetherapyisaverygoodidea/’saysCrystal,“Andeventuallyit’sgoingtowork”.

1.ThecaseofAshanthiDesilvaismentionedinthetextto（

）.

2.Anderson’searlysuccesshas（

）.

3.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothetext?

4.Theword“tarnish”(line5,paragraph4)mostprobablymeans（

）.

5.Fromthetextwecanseethattheauthorseems（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.showthepromiseofgene-therapy

B.giveanexampleofmodemtreatment,forfataldiseases

C.introducetheachievementofAndersonandhisteam

D.explainhowgene-basetreatmentworks

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.greatlyspeededthedevelopmentofmedicine

B.broughtnoimmediateprogressintheresearchofgene-therapy

C.promisedacuretoeverydisease

D.madehimanationalhero

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Ashanthineedstoreceivegene-therapytreatmentconstantly.

B.Despitethehugefunding,generesearcheshaveshownfewpromises.

C.Therapeuticgenesarecarriedbyharmlessviruses.

D.Gene-dopingisencouragedbyworldagenciestohelpathletesgetbetter.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.affect

B.warm

C.troubled

D.stain

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.optimistic

B.pessimistic

C.troubled

D.uncertain

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.推理判斷題。文章第一段開頭提到來(lái)自克利夫蘭郊區(qū)的18歲的AshanthiDeSilva是20世紀(jì)偉大智力成就之一的活生生的例子（At18,AshanthiDeSilvaofsuburbanClevelandisalivingsymbolofoneofthegreatintellectualachievementsofthe20thcentury），接著提到她1992年接受了最后一次基因療法，并且徹底痊愈，由此可知選項(xiàng)A“展示基因療法的前景”符合題意。

2.推理判斷題。文章第一段倒數(shù)第二、三句話提到研究人員一直夢(mèng)想用正常基因替換突變基因來(lái)治療從血友病到癌癥等各種疾病。這個(gè)夢(mèng)想可能還會(huì)持續(xù)幾十年（Researchershavelongdreamedoftreatingdiseasesfromhemophiliatocancerbyreplacingmutantgeneswithnormalones.Andthedreamingmaycontinuefordecadesmore），由此可知這個(gè)方法并不能在短期內(nèi)有成效，因此選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章第二段提到治療基因通常通過(guò)不會(huì)引起人類疾病的病毒傳遞（Thetherapeuticgenesareusuallydeliveredthroughvirusesthatdon’tcausehumandisease），由此可知選項(xiàng)C“治療基因由無(wú)害病毒攜帶”符合題意。

4.詞義題。文章最后一段提到一些專家擔(dān)心這個(gè)領(lǐng)域?qū)?huì)進(jìn)一步被……如果下一個(gè)受益的人不是病人而是尋求優(yōu)勢(shì)的運(yùn)動(dòng)員（Someexpertsworrythatthefieldwillbetarnishedfurtherifthenextpeopletobenefitarenotpatientsbutathletesseekinganedge），根據(jù)上下文可知基因療法這個(gè)領(lǐng)域本意是為了治療各種疾病而出現(xiàn)，而如果用來(lái)幫助運(yùn)動(dòng)員而不是病人，這個(gè)方法就失去了原本的價(jià)值，因此可以推測(cè)出動(dòng)詞tarnish的意思是“使失去光澤；玷污”，因此選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

5.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。文章第一段開頭提到來(lái)自克利夫蘭郊區(qū)的18歲的AshanthiDeSilva是20世紀(jì)偉大智力成就之一的活生生的例子（At18,AshanthiDeSilvaofsuburbanClevelandisalivingsymbolofoneofthegreatintellectualachievementsofthe20thcentury）；文章最后一段提到每個(gè)人都認(rèn)為基因療法是一個(gè)好主意（Everybodyrecognizesthatgenetherapyisaverygoodidea），由此可知作者是抱著樂觀的態(tài)度，選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

7.單選題

Maryisfinegirleventhoughshe'ssometimesabruptinmanner.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.devious

B.brusque

C.shrew

D.irritable

【答案】B

【解析】句意：瑪麗是個(gè)好女孩，雖然她有時(shí)舉止粗魯。abrupt意為“生硬的，唐突的，粗魯?shù)?。Devious偏僻的，彎曲的；brusque唐突的，直率的，無(wú)禮的；shrew潑婦，悍婦；irritable急躁的，易怒的。選項(xiàng)B與之意思最為相近。

8.單選題

（1）

Player1maynotknowtheseparticularwordsofwisdom,butchancesareshe'sthinkingmuchthesameasshetriestodecidewhethertosendPlayer2someofher$10stake.Ifshedoes,themoneywillbetripled,andheranonymouspartnercanchoosetoreturnnone,some,orallofthecash.ButwhyshouldPlayer2sendanythingback?AndwhyshouldPlayer1giveanythinginthefirstplace?Despitetheironlogicofthisargument,shetypesinhercommandtosendsomemoney.Afewmomentslatershesmiles,seeingfromherscreenthatPlayer2hasreturnedatidysumthatleavesthembothshowinganetprofit.

（2）

BasedonexactlythesamecoldlogicthatPlayer1dismissed,theso-calledNashequilibriumpredictsthatineconomictransactionsbetweenstrangers,whereonehastomakedecisionsbasedonaforecastofanother'sresponse,theoptimalleveloftrustiszero.Yetdespitetheeconomicorthodoxy,thebehaviorofPlayers1and2isnotexceptional.Infact,overthecourseofhundredsofsuchtrials,itturnsoutthatabouthalfofPlayer1ssendsomemoney,andthree-quartersofPlayer2swhoreceiveitsendsomeback.

Zakisaleadingprotagonistintherelativelynewfieldofneuroeconomics,whichaimstounderstandhumansocialinteractionsthrougheverylevelfromsynapsetosociety.Itisahugelyambitiousundertaking.Bylayingbarethemysteriesofsuchnebuloushumanattributesastrust,neuroeconomistshopetotransformourself-understanding.（3）

“Aswelearnmoreabouttheremarkableinternalorderofthemind,wewillalsounderstandfarmoredeeplythesocialmindandthereforetheexternalorderofpersonalexchange,andtheextendedorderofexchangethroughmarkets.”

（4）

AsZak’scollaboratorSteveKnackoftheWorldBankpointsout:“Trustisoneofthemostpowerfulfactorsaffectingacountry'seconomichealth.Wheretrustislow,individualsandorganizationsaremorewaryaboutengaginginfinancialtransactions,whichtendstodepressthenationaleconomy.”

Andtrustlevelsdiffergreatlybetweennations.TheWorldValuesSurvey,basedattheUniversityofMichigan,AnnArbor,hasaskedpeopleincountriesaroundtheworld,“Doyouthinkstrangerscangenerallybetrusted?”thepositiveresponseratevariesfromabout65%inNorwaytoabout5%inBrazil.（5）

“Policy-makersintheselattercountriesmightbeurgentlyinterestedinmechanismsthatenablethemtoraisenationaltrustlevels,”observesKnack.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Evenmoreintriguingly,itseemsthatthisurgetorespondpositivelywhensomeoneshowstrustinusislargelyoutsideourcontrol.

B.Cruciallyforinternationaleconomicdevelopment,whatistrueforindividualsturnsoutalsotobetruefornations.

C.Disturbingly,countrieswheretrustislowerthanacriticallevelofabout30%—asisthecaseinmuchofSouthAmericaandAfrica—riskfallingintoapermanentsuspicion-lockedpovertytrap.

D.“It'sgoodtotrust;it'sbetternotto,”goesanItalianproverb.

E.Theybelievetheirfindingsevenhavethepotentialtohelpmakesocietiesmoreproductiveandsuccessful.

F.Hepointsoutthatourbrainshavebeentailoredbyevolutiontocopewithgroupliving.

G.Thisoutcomedoesn'tjustfloutproverbialwisdom,itthumbsitsnoseateconomictheory.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Evenmoreintriguingly,itseemsthatthisurgetorespondpositivelywhensomeoneshowstrustinusislargelyoutsideourcontrol.

B.Cruciallyforinternationaleconomicdevelopment,whatistrueforindividualsturnsoutalsotobetruefornations.

C.Disturbingly,countrieswheretrustislowerthanacriticallevelofabout30%—asisthecaseinmuchofSouthAmericaandAfrica-riskfallingintoapermanentsuspicion-lockedpovertytrap.

D.“It'sgoodtotrust;it'sbetternotto,”goesanItalianproverb.

E.Theybelievetheirfindingsevenhavethepotentialtohelpmakesocietiesmoreproductiveandsuccessful.

F.Hepointsoutthatourbrainshavebeentailoredbyevolutiontocopewithgroupliving.

G.Thisoutcomedoesn'tjustfloutproverbialwisdom,itthumbsitsnoseateconomictheory.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Evenmoreintriguingly,itseemsthatthisurgetorespondpositivelywhensomeoneshowstrustinusislargelyoutsideourcontrol.

B.Cruciallyforinternationaleconomicdevelopment,whatistrueforindividualsturnsoutalsotobetruefornations.

C.Disturbingly,countrieswheretrustislowerthanacriticallevelofabout30%—asisthecaseinmuchofSouthAmericaandAfrica-riskfallingintoapermanentsuspicion-lockedpovertytrap.

D.“It'sgoodtotrust;it'sbetternotto,”goesanItalianproverb.

E.Theybelievetheirfindingsevenhavethepotentialtohelpmakesocietiesmoreproductiveandsuccessful.

F.Hepointsoutthatourbrainshavebeentailoredbyevolutiontocopewithgroupliving.

G.Thisoutcomedoesn'tjustfloutproverbialwisdom,itthumbsitsnoseateconomictheory.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Evenmoreintriguingly,itseemsthatthisurgetorespondpositivelywhensomeoneshowstrustinusislargelyoutsideourcontrol.

B.Cruciallyforinternationaleconomicdevelopment,whatistrueforindividualsturnsoutalsotobetruefornations.

C.Disturbingly,countrieswheretrustislowerthanacriticallevelofabout30%—asisthecaseinmuchofSouthAmericaandAfrica-riskfallingintoapermanentsuspicion-lockedpovertytrap.

D.“It'sgoodtotrust;it'sbetternotto,”goesanItalianproverb.

E.Theybelievetheirfindingsevenhavethepotentialtohelpmakesocietiesmoreproductiveandsuccessful.

F.Hepointsoutthatourbrainshavebeentailoredbyevolutiontocopewithgroupliving.

G.Thisoutcomedoesn'tjustfloutproverbialwisdom,itthumbsitsnoseateconomictheory.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Evenmoreintriguingly,itseemsthatthisurgetorespondpositivelywhensomeoneshowstrustinusislargelyoutsideourcontrol.

B.Cruciallyforinternationaleconomicdevelopment,whatistrueforindividualsturnsoutalsotobetruefornations.

C.Disturbingly,countrieswheretrustislowerthanacriticallevelofabout30%—asisthecaseinmuchofSouthAmericaandAfrica-riskfallingintoapermanentsuspicion-lockedpovertytrap.

D.“It'sgoodtotrust;it'sbetternotto,”goesanItalianproverb.

E.Theybelievetheirfindingsevenhavethepotentialtohelpmakesocietiesmoreproductiveandsuccessful.

F.Hepointsoutthatourbrainshavebeentailoredbyevolutiontocopewithgroupliving.

G.Thisoutcomedoesn'tjustfloutproverbialwisdom,itthumbsitsnoseateconomictheory.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:G

第3題:F

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】第1題:1.此句為整篇文章的開頭，用意大利的諺語(yǔ)引入主題，“信任是件好事，但最好不要信任?！?，根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容，主要講到了玩家一和玩家二之間的金錢交易行為以及是否彼此信任，可知，文章的主題為信任關(guān)系，所以選項(xiàng)D符合文意。

2.文章第一段主要用實(shí)例說(shuō)明了經(jīng)濟(jì)交易中的信任關(guān)系，也是對(duì)意大利諺語(yǔ)的一種反駁和證明，說(shuō)明經(jīng)濟(jì)交易中是存在信任關(guān)系的。文章第二段把這種信任再次放到經(jīng)濟(jì)理論中進(jìn)行了討論。所以第一段實(shí)驗(yàn)得出的結(jié)果不僅是對(duì)諺語(yǔ)的一種蔑視，而且是對(duì)第二段中提到的經(jīng)濟(jì)理論的挑戰(zhàn)。選項(xiàng)G符合題意。

3.根據(jù)文章第三段，主要提到了Zak的相關(guān)理論和觀點(diǎn)，因?yàn)榭崭裆衔奶岬搅薢ak這個(gè)人物，所以下文用he來(lái)指代。選項(xiàng)F符合題意。

4.根據(jù)文章第四段，可知主要提到信任是影響一個(gè)國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)最強(qiáng)大的因素之一，所以本段的首句應(yīng)與國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)相關(guān)。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

5.根據(jù)文章第五段，主要內(nèi)容為不同國(guó)家之間的信任水平存在差異，并給了一些統(tǒng)計(jì)調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)?？崭袂敖o出了挪威和巴西有關(guān)信任度的調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)，可判斷出空格中會(huì)繼續(xù)列舉數(shù)據(jù)。又根據(jù)空格后文，提到后面一類的國(guó)家迫切需要提升國(guó)民信任度?？芍崭裰袝?huì)列舉一些國(guó)民信任度較低的國(guó)家，選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

第2題:

第3題:

第4題:

第5題:

9.單選題

Anexplosionisreallyasuddenincreaseinvolume______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.causedbyrapidburning

B.andcausebyrapidburning

C.causingitsburningtoberapid

D.rapidburningcausesit

【答案】A

【解析】考查語(yǔ)法和句意。A項(xiàng)用cause的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)連接原因，作為后置定語(yǔ)修飾volume符合題意；根據(jù)題干與選項(xiàng)我們可以知道爆炸中的巨大聲響是由快速燃燒引起的，所以不能選擇C項(xiàng)；B項(xiàng)是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，cause應(yīng)該用過(guò)去分詞，故排除；D項(xiàng)是一個(gè)完整的表示原因的從句，但是缺少連接詞，所以不對(duì)。句意：爆炸實(shí)際上是由快速燃燒引起的體積的突然增加。因此，該題正確答案為A。

10.單選題

Imagineaworldinwhichtherewassuddenlynoemotion—aworldinwhichhumanbeingscouldfeelnoloveorhappiness,noterrororhate.Trytoimaginetheconsequencesofsuchatransformation.Peoplemightnotbeabletostayalive:knowingneitherjoynorpleasure,neitheranxietynorfear,theywouldbeaslikelytorepeatactsthathurtthemasactsthatwerebeneficial.Theycouldnotlearn:theycouldnotbenefitfromexperiencebecausethisemotionlessworldwouldlackrewardsandpunishments.Societywouldsoondisappear:Peoplewouldbeaslikelytoharmoneanotherastoprovidehelpandsupport.Humanrelationshipswouldnotexist:Inaworldwithoutfriendsorenemies,therecouldbenomarriage,affectionamongcompanions,orbondsamongmemberso￡groups.Society’seconomicunderpinningswouldbedestroyed:sincetherewouldbenoincentivesofanykind.Foraswewillsee,incentivesimplyacapacitytoenjoythem.

Insuchaworld,thechancesthatthehumanspecieswouldsurvivearenexttozero,becauseemotionsarethebasicinstrumentofoursurvivalandadaptation.Emotionsstructuretheworldforusinimportantways.Asindividuals,wecategorizeobjectsonthebasisofouremotions.True,weconsiderthelength,shape,size,ortexture,butanobject’sphysicalaspectsarelessimportantthanwhatithasdoneorcandotous—hurtus,surpriseus,angerusormakeusjoyful.Wealsousecategorizationscoloredbyemotionsinourfamilies,communities,andoverallsociety.Outofouremotionalexperienceswithobjectsandeventscomesasocialfeelingofagreementthatcertainthingsandactionsare“good”andothersare“bad”,andweapplythesecategoriestoeveryaspectofoursociallife—fromwhatfoodsweeatandwhatclothesweweartohowwekeeppromisesandwhichpeopleourgroupwillaccept.Infact,societyexplainsouremotionalreactionsandattitudes,suchasloyalty,morality,pride,shame,guilt,fearandgreed,inordertomaintainitself.Itgiveshighrewardstoindividualswhoperformimportanttaskssuchassurgery,makesheroesoutofindividualsforunusualordangerousachievementssuchasflyingfighterplanesinawar,andusesthelegalandpenals