塊旅游環(huán)保類題材真題作業(yè)預(yù)習(xí)

5（科技大學(xué)2014）SevenyearsagoBeijing’sernmentsetaofmakingthecity“l(fā)ivable”oneby2020,with“freshairandabeautifulenvironment”.Fewpraiseitsprogress.Complaintsaboundaboutitscongestion,pollution,desperateshortageofwaterandhugelyexpensivehousing.Eveninthestate-controlledmedia,suggestionsaresometimesmadethatitistimetobuildanewcapital.，7年前曾定下目標(biāo)，要在2020年之前將建設(shè)成“空氣清新、環(huán)境優(yōu)美”的“宜居城市。至今這方面鮮有進(jìn)展。相于擁擠的交通、嚴(yán)重的污染、極度的缺水和比天高的房?jī)r(jià)人們卻是怨聲載道現(xiàn)在即使是國(guó)家控制的也開始提出遷都的建，BeijinghasbeenChina’scapitalformostofthepast600years.SincetheCommunistvictoryin1949,theChinesehavebeentaughttoreverethecityasanembodimentofChina’spower,theparty’smightandtheircountry’sglorioushistory.Toproposeamovestrikesmanyasheretical.Inrecentyears,however,somehavebrokenranks.In2000evenChina’sthenPrimeMinister,ZhuRongji,joinedthesceptics.Thecapital,hedeclared,mighthavetomoveifmeasurestocurbitssandstormsfailed. 都這種提議簡(jiǎn)直就是異端。然而最近幾年，終于有人發(fā)出了不同。2000年，中國(guó)當(dāng)Sincethenofficialshaveclaimedsomesuccessinreducingthefrequencyoftheselung-cloggingcalamities.Butotherproblemshavegrown.Beijingersfedupwithtrafficgridlocksometimespronouncetheword“shoudu”,meaningcapital,inadifferenttonesothatitsoundslike“themostcongested”.Formuchoftheyearagreyblanketofpollutantsshroudsthecity.Therateofbirthdefectshasdoubledoverthepastdecade.Theenvironmentisthoughttobeacontributoryfactor.Severalscholarshavesuggested,innewspapersaswellasonline,thattheseandotherproblemswouldbestbesolvedbyrelocatingthecentralernment.，諷刺是堵塞最嚴(yán)重的城市。一年里多數(shù)時(shí)候，城都為一層灰蒙蒙的污染物所籠罩。過(guò)去十年里，的新生兒出生缺陷率增加了一倍。環(huán)境問(wèn)題無(wú)疑是一個(gè)重要的影響因素。Beijing’sbureaucratsareunlikelytobepersuaded.Theirprivileges,commontoallthoseregisteredasBeijingcitizens(i.e.,notmigrantsfromotherprovinces),includereadieraccessthanmostotherChinesehavetosomeofthecountry’sbesteducationalandmedicalfacilities.Somelocalofficialsinplacesfavoredbyscholarsaspotentialcapitalsiteshavebeenproclaimingtheirmerits.ButgiventheallureofBeijing’samenities,itislittlewonderthatthecentralauthoritieskeepquiet.，盡管如此的們還是不太可能被說(shuō)動(dòng)。他們和所有擁有戶口的居民（即非和醫(yī)療設(shè)施一些被學(xué)者們提名為候選新都地址的城市已經(jīng)開始為自己做起了但，（航空航天大學(xué)Laughlinacknowledgesthat“alotofresponsiblepeople”areworriedaboutatmosphericconcentrationsofcarbondioxidefromburningfossilfuels.Thishas,hesays“thepotential”tomodifytheweatherbyraisingaveragetemperaturesseveraldegreescentigradeandthaternmentshavetaken“significant，althoughineffective”stepstoslowthewarming.“Qnthescalesoftimerelevanttoitself,theearthdoesn’tcareaboutanyoftheseernmentstheir任何或者它們的法律”Someday,allthefossilfuelsthatusedtobeinthegroundwillbeburned.Afterthat,inaboutamillennium,theearthwilldissolvemostoftheresultingcarbondioxideintotheoceans.Thedissolvingwillleavetheconcentrationintheatmosphereonlyslightlyhigherthantoday’s.Then“overtensofmillennia,orperhapshundreds”theearthwilltransfertheexcesscarbondioxideintoitsrocks,“eventuallyreturninglevelsintheseaandairtowhattheywerebeforehumansarrivedonthescene.”Thiswilltakeaneternityashumanreckon,butablinkingeologictime.平。再經(jīng)過(guò)幾萬(wàn)年，也許幾十萬(wàn)年，地球?qū)⒕徛匕堰^(guò)量的轉(zhuǎn)化為巖石“最終使海洋中和空氣中的濃度恢復(fù)到人類出現(xiàn)之前的水平”從人類的視角來(lái)看，這個(gè)過(guò)（PeopleinChinagenerallyagreethatitisimportanttocelebratethecountry'srichhistory,butitsculturethinkthereistoomuchofthewrongkindofcelebratinggoingon.Twoagencies,theMinistryofCultureandtheStateAdministrationofCulturalHeritage,havebannedthepromotionof'negativehistoricalfiguresorliteraryworks'fortourismpurposes,theoreticallyendingalongstandingpracticebyChinesecitiesofplayinguptheirtiestoracyculturaliconslikethelustfulXimenQingthroughfestivals,themeparksandmerchandise.、在對(duì)歷史文化進(jìn)行不合理宣揚(yáng)方面做得太過(guò)分了有朝一日的故里是否也會(huì)拿來(lái)炒作？中國(guó)文化部和國(guó)家已出于發(fā)展旅游業(yè)的目的文化現(xiàn)象歷史人物和文藝形象，從理論上說(shuō)，這將終止中國(guó)一些城期以來(lái)通過(guò)節(jié)慶公園和某些商品來(lái)宣揚(yáng)自己與等低俗文化形象間聯(lián)系的做法。、AfewluckydestinationsinChina,likeMao'shometownofShaoshaninHunanprovince,areblessedwiththenotorietyofastate-approvedcelebrity,allowingthemtorakeintourismdollars.ButformostChinesetowns,bringingintouristsishardwork,whichismadeeasieriftheycanstakeaclaimtosomeonefamous,whetherreal,mythicalorliterary.Disputescanflareupamongtowningtobetheoriginalhomesofthesamepopularcharacter.JustbeforetheMinistryofCultureannouncedthenewrules,LoufancountyinShanxideclareditselfhometownoftheMonkeyKing,challengingthesameclaimmadebyLianangCityiJiangsu,accordingtoarecentarticleonXinhua'sEnglish-languagewebsite.此可以幸運(yùn)地借助名人吃上旅游飯。但大多數(shù)城鎮(zhèn)來(lái)說(shuō)，招徠游客卻不是件易事，但爆發(fā)爭(zhēng)執(zhí)英文上最近刊登的一篇文章說(shuō)就文化部宣布上述定之前，山西婁煩縣剛剛宣布自己是美猴悟空的老家這對(duì)此前已宣稱自己是故里的江蘇CriticssaythatthiskindofculturalinfightingisembarrassingtoChina,especiallywhenattractingforeigndollarsisthemotive.'Itisbetterifthesecitiesmanageandprotecttheirownculturalheritageandintangibleculturalresources,ratherthancompetewitheachotherandhumiliatethemselves,'TongjiUniversityProfessorRuanYisanwasquotedbyXinhuaassaying.Inthepast,touriststuntsbyChinesetownshavebeenheavilyfrowneduponbythepublic.AsexthemeparkcalledLoveLandinsouthwesternChinawasdemolishedbeforeitevenopened,afterincitingwidespreadcondemnation.Earlierthisyear,publicoutcryforcedernmentofficialsinZhangjiajietobackawayfromplanstorenamealocalmountain'AvatarHallelujahMountain'afterthepopularHollywoodmovie.Thelatestcrackdown,however,goesfurtherthananyonenandpromisestolayoutstrictguidelinesforwhatisappropriateculturalcelebrationinthecomingweeks.。湖南張家界的放棄了將當(dāng)?shù)匾蛔椒甯拿麨椤斑_(dá)峰”的計(jì)劃路。（大學(xué)2012）錦江在秦漢時(shí)代稱為二江，包括（內(nèi)江）和檢江（外江。（brocadeTheJinjiangRiverwascalledtheChengduErjiang(tworivers)duringtheQinandHandynasties,includingtheinnerriverPijiangandouterriverJianjiang.SincetheHanDynastythetworivers eknownbyasharedpoeticname,Jinjiang,meaningBrocadeRiver.Accordingtohistoricalrecord,Sichuanweaversoftenwashedtheirbrocadeinthetworiversbecausethebrocadebecamemorelustrousandbrightafterbeingwashedwiththewater.ThisiswhythetworiversbecameknownastheBrocadeRiver.府，錦江使成為繁榮富庶的名都。都江堰與錦江都是城市文明的搖籃。ThisnamingisalsorelatedtoDujiangyan.IntheancientShutimes,theMinjiangRiverbecamemuddyandranofframpantly,turningtheareaintomarshesafteritenteredtheChengduPlain,makingfarmingontheplainimpossible.TheDujiangyanWaterProjectmadeuseofthetworiversaswaterdiversionchannelsforirrigation.Asaresult,themuddywatersbecameclearenoughforlocalweaverstowashtheirbrocade,whichcontributedtoitsnameofBrocadeRiver.BoththeDujiangyanandJinjiangwerecradlesoftheurbancivilizationofChengdu,sincetheformerconvertedthesubmergedChengduPlainintoanexpanseoffertilefarmlandfreefromfloodanddroughtandthelatterbroughtprosperityandaffluencetothecityofChengdu.。錦江賦予天青水綠的自然環(huán)境的天生麗質(zhì)離不開錦江“水綠天青不起塵，風(fēng)光和。ThebeautyofChengduattributestothewonderfulnaturalconditionsofJinjiang,whichcanbedescribedbyalinefromaChinesepoem“Thewaterandtheskyarebluewithoutaseedofdust,thesceneryandclimateareevenbetterthanShaanxi.”713世紀(jì)被修成了今天的大運(yùn)河。大運(yùn)河在元、明、清三代南北的大動(dòng)脈，為南北經(jīng)濟(jì)和文化的交流做出了巨大的貢獻(xiàn)。由于南北海運(yùn)的發(fā)展和19世紀(jì)中期至浦口和在成立后，大運(yùn)河又煥發(fā)了生機(jī)。除開山東地段只能部分通航之外，大運(yùn)河很多其他800公里地段能全年通航。InthelateSpringandAutumnPeriodinthe5thcenturyB.C.,acwascutnearzhou,Jiangsu,toguidethewatersofthetzeRivertothenorth.ThiswaslengthenedduringtheSuiDynastyofthe7thcentury,andfinallyduringtheYuanDynastyof13thcentury,to whathasbeenknownastheGrandC.TheGrandCwasthemajortransportarterybetweennorthandsouthChinaduringtheYuan,MingandQingDynasties,contributinggreatlytotheeconomicandculturalexchangebetweennorthandsouth.OwingtothedevelopmentofthemaritimetransportbetweennorthandsouthandtheopeningoftheTianjin-PukouandBeijing-Hankourailwaysafterthemid-19thcentury,theroleoftheGrandCwasgreatlyreducedandmanysectionsofitfellintodisrepairorbecamechokedwithmud.TheGrandCgainedanewleaseonlifeafterthefoundingofthePeople’s.ExceptforthesectioninShwhichisonlypartlyserviceable,manyothersectionsarenavigableinsomeoftheseasonswhilethe800-kilometerstretchfromJiangsutoopentoyear-roundship.（師范大學(xué)。的大問(wèn)題，每時(shí)每刻都會(huì)對(duì)資源環(huán)境產(chǎn)生直接影響，同時(shí)也會(huì)間接影響生產(chǎn)方式每個(gè)人都要從自己做起，從一點(diǎn)一滴做起。Weneedtourgerationalconsumptionhabitsinordertofostercivilizedlifestyles.Thoughconsumptionhabitsandlifestylesmayappeartobetrivial,theyareinfactsignificantsocialissues,notonlyhavingadirectimpactonresourcesandtheenvironmentatalltimes,butalsohavinganindirectbearingonmodesofproduction.Therefore,eachandeveryoneofusneedstomakeaneffortinthisregard,bearinginmindthateverylittlethingcounts.一是樹立健康的消費(fèi)理念。持續(xù)開展、環(huán)境脆弱的國(guó)情宣傳和深度教紙、每一粒糧，在全社會(huì)形成節(jié)約光榮、浪費(fèi)的新風(fēng)尚，使節(jié)約資源和保護(hù)環(huán)境成為13億的主流價(jià)值觀……,weneedtoestablishsoundconsumerattitudes.Bycarryingoutpublicityandeducationalinitiatives,wemustensurethatChina’sresourceshortagesandfragileenvironmentsareknowntothepeople.Thiswillhelpustoraisepublicawarenesswithregardtoenvironmentalprotectionandecologicalissues.Withthatasabasis,wemusturgethepeopletosaveeverydropofwatereveryunitofelectricity,everypieceofpaperandeverygrainofrice.Byfosteringasocialatmosphereinwhichfrugalityisapplaudedandwastefulnessislookeddownupon,wewillstrivetomakeresourceconservationandenvironmentalprotectiona。mainstreamvaluefor1.3billionChinesepeople.三是創(chuàng)造整潔的生活環(huán)境。大力扶持綠色交通，行分類回收和循環(huán)利用，改造排污，提高廢棄物集中處理能力，綠化、美運(yùn)、集中處理”的處理方式，深入實(shí)施秸稈禁燒和綜合利用，建設(shè)“居住集中化、環(huán)境生態(tài)化、服務(wù)功能化”的農(nóng)村新社區(qū)。Thi