考研考博-英語-廈門華廈學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-廈門華廈學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.問答題

Nothinkerinthenineteenthcenturyhashadsodirect,deliberateandpowerfulaninfluenceuponmankindasKarlMarx.Bothduringhislifetimeandafterithehasexercisedanintellectualandmoralascendancyoverhisfollowers,thestrengthofwhichwasuniqueeveninthatgoldenageofdemocraticnationalism,anagewhichsawtheriseofgreatpopularheroesandmartyrs，romantic,almostlegendaryfigures,whoselivesandwordsdominatedtheimaginationofthemassesandcreatedanewrevolutionarytraditioninEurope.YetMarxcouldnot,atanytime,becalledapopularfigureintheordinarysense:certainlyhewasinnosenseapopularwriterororator.Hewroteextensively,buthisworkswerenot,duringhislifetime,readwidely;andwhen,inthelateeighteenseventies,theybegantoreachtheimmensepublicwhichseveralamongthemafterwardsobtained,thedesiretoreadthemwasduenotsomuchtoarecognitionoftheirintrinsicqualitiesastothegrowthofthefameandnotorietyofthemovementwithwhichhewasidentified.

Marxtotallylackedthequalitiesofagreatpopularleaderoragitator,wasnotapublicistofgeniusliketheRussiandemocratAlexanderHelen,nordidhepossessBakunin'smarvelouseloquence;thegreaterpartofhisworkinglifewasspentincomparativeobscurityinLondon,athiswriting-deskandinthereading-roomoftheBritishMuseum.Hewaslittleknowntothegeneralpublic,andwhiletowardstheendofhislifehebecametherecognizedandadmiredleaderofapowerfulinternationalmovement,nothinginhislifeorcharacterstirredtheimaginationorevokedtheboundlessdevotion,theintense,almostreligion,worship,withwhichsuchmenasKossuth,Mazzini,andevenLassalleinhislastyears,wereregardedbytheirfollowers.

Hispublicappearanceswereneitherfrequentnornotablysuccessful.Onthefewoccasionsonwhichheaddressedbanquetsorpublicmeetings,hisspeecheswereoverloadedwithmatter,anddeliveredwithacombinationofmonotonousnessandbrusqueness,whichcommandedtherespectbutnottheenthusiasmofhisaudience.Hewasbytemperamentatheoristandanintellectual,andinstinctivelyavoideddirectcontactwiththemasses,tothestudyofwhoseinterestshisentirelifewasdevoted.TomanyofhisfollowersheappearedintheroleofadogmaticandsententiousGermanschoolmaster,preparedtorepeathisthesesindefinitely,withrisingsharpness,untiltheiressencebecameirremovablylodgedinhisdisciples'minds.Thegreaterpartofhiseconomicteachingwasgivenitsfirstexpressioninlecturestoworkingmen:hisexpositionunderthesecircumstanceswasbyallaccountsamodeloflucidityandconciseness.Buthewroteslowlyandpainfully,assometimeshappenswithrapidandfertilethinkers,scarcelyabletocopewiththespeedoftheirownideas,impatientatoncetocommunicateanewdoctrine,andtoforestalleverypossibleobjection;thepublishedversionsweregenerallyturgid,clumsy,andobscureindetail,althoughthecentraldoctrineisneverinseriousdoubt.HewasacutelycopiousofthisandoncecomparedhimselfwiththeheroofBalzac'sUnknownMasterpiece,whotriestopaintthepicturewhichhasformeditselfinhismind,touchesandretouchesthecanvasendlessly,toproduceatlastashapelessmassofcolors,whichtohiseyeseemstoexpressthevisioninhisimagination.Hebelongedtoagenerationwhichcultivatedtheemotionsmoreintentlyanddeliberatelythanitspredecessors,andwasbroughtupamongmentowhomideaswereoftenmorerealthanfacts,andpersonalrelationsmeantfarmorethantheeventsoftheexternalworld;bywhomindeedpubliclifewascommonlyunderstoodandinterpretedintermsoftherichandelaborateworldoftheirownprivateexperience.

1.WhatkindofpersonwasKarlMarxaccordingtothepassage?

2.HowcouldyoudescribetheagewhenMarxlivedaccordingtothepassage?

3.WhatdidtheauthorthinkofMarx’spopularity?

4.WhywastheaudiencenotenthusiasticaboutMarx’sspeeches?

5.ForwhatpurposewasBalzac’sUnknownMasterpiecementioned?

【答案】1.KarlMarxwasagreatthinkerwhobroughtdirect,deliberateandpowerfulinfluenceuponmankind.Buthetotallylackedthequalitiesofagreatpopularleaderoragitator.Hispublicappearanceswereneitherfrequentnornotablysuccessful.

2.Itisagoldenageofdemocraticnationalism,anagewhichsawtheriseofgreatpopularheroesandmartyrs,romantic,almostlegendaryfigures,whoselivesandwordsdominatedtheimaginationofthemassesandcreatedanewrevolutionarytraditioninEurope.

3.ThereasonofMarx’popularitywasduenotsomuchtoarecognitionofintrinsicqualitiescontainedinhisworksastothegrowthofthefameandnotorietyofthemovementwithwhichhewasidentified.

4.Becausehisspeecheswereoverloadedwithmatter,anddeliveredwithacombinationofmonotonousnessandbrusqueness.

5.KarlMarxoncecomparedhimselfwiththeheroofBalzac'sUnknownMasterpiecetoexplainhisspecialwaysofwritingandthinking.

2.單選題

TheEnglishlanguagecontainsa(n)______ofwordswhicharecomparativeseldomusedinordinaryconversation.

問題1選項

A.altitude

B.latitude

C.multitude

D.attitude

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。A選項altitude“高地；高度；頂垂線；高級；海拔”；B選項latitude“緯度；界限；活動范圍”；C選項multitude“大量，多數(shù)；群眾，人群”；D選項attitude“態(tài)度；看法；意見；姿勢”。根據(jù)固定搭配amultitudeof“大批的，眾多的；大量的；一大批”可知句意為：英語語言還有很多相對來說很少被使用在我們的日常談話中的單詞。因此C選項正確。

3.單選題

Withhisface（）byamask,thefiremandashedintothehouseonfire.

問題1選項

A.hidden

B.concealed

C.screened

D.buried

【答案】C

【解析】四個詞都有“掩飾,掩藏”之意,但側(cè)重點不同。hide—般用于hidesb/sthinaplace；conceal隱瞞,一般表示“掩飾,不讓別人發(fā)現(xiàn)”；screen表示“遮蔽以起到保護(hù)的效果”；bury表示“埋葬”。根據(jù)句意可知,所以C符合語境。

4.單選題

Intheaccidentthreemenweretrappedinasubmergedvehicle,andtheironlyhopewasanothermanwhoselegswerebroken.

問題1選項

A.wrecked

B.burnt

C.overturned

D.sunk

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在這次事故中，三個人被困在一輛被水淹沒的汽車中，而另外一位腿受傷的男性是他們唯一的希望。wrecked“失事的，遇難的”；burnt“燒焦的”；overturned“傾覆的”；sunk“下沉的”。劃線單詞submerge的意思是“水下的”，因此選項D符合題意。

5.單選題

Afteranumberofdisagreementswiththecommittee,thehelplesschairman（）.

問題1選項

A.retired

B.dismissed

C.deserted

D.resigned

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。A選項retire“退休；離開；收回”；B選項dismiss“解散；解雇；不予理會”；C選項desert“遺棄；放棄；逃跑”；D選項resign“辭去職務(wù)；放棄；委托；使聽從”。句意：在與委員會產(chǎn)生很多分歧后，這位無助的主席辭去了自己的職務(wù)。結(jié)合此處語義，D選項正確。

6.單選題

Icouldn’tbepresentmyself,butIsentmy（）tothemeeting.

問題1選項

A.delegate

B.specimen

C.representative

D.representation

【答案】C

【解析】句意:我本人不能親自出席，可我派了代表出席會議。

考查名詞辨析。Delegate代表，代表團(tuán)成員，指委派到別處代某一機(jī)構(gòu)或某（些）人行事的人；specimen樣本，抽樣；representative代表，代銷人，詞義較廣，可指選舉或委派的代表，還可表示某一種人的代表人物；representation表現(xiàn)，陳述。根據(jù)前半句句意可知C符合句意。

7.單選題

Theworldwillbeadvancingwithsuchgreatspeedthatour____willlookuponusandourtimewithasenseofsuperiority.

問題1選項

A.antecedents

B.descendants

C.predecessors

D.contemporaries

【答案】B

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.antecedents祖先B.descendants后代

C.predecessors前人D.contemporaries同時代的人

【考查點】語義銜接

【解題思路】空格處前文提到“世界將以如此快的速度前進(jìn)”，空格處為從句的主語，后文提到“會以一種優(yōu)越感看待我們和我們的時代”?！皟?yōu)越感”說明他們所處的時代比我們現(xiàn)在的時代要更好，而世界是不斷進(jìn)步的，因此，其主語應(yīng)該是我們的后代，B選項descendants“后代”符合語義邏輯。

【干擾項排除】A、C、D選項不能使原句前后語義銜接。

【句意】世界將以如此巨大的速度前進(jìn)，以至于我們的后代將以一種優(yōu)越感看待我們和我們的時代。

8.單選題

Mybossorderedthatthelegaldocuments（）tohimbeforelunch.

問題1選項

A.besent

B.weresent

C.weretobesent

D.mustbesent

【答案】A

【解析】考查虛擬語氣。表示“建議，要求，命令”有關(guān)的單詞+that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，賓語從句謂語動詞要虛擬語氣，其形式是should+動詞原形（should可以省略）。另外，文件和送達(dá)的關(guān)系應(yīng)該是被動，所以要用到被動語態(tài)。句意：我的老板要求在午飯前把法律文件交給他。綜上所述，本題的正確答案是A選項。

9.單選題

（）thedisappearanceoftheMayanempire,therearestillMayansintheregioninwhichtheyonceinhabited.

問題1選項

A.Although

B.As

C.But

D.For

【答案】A

【解析】考查讓步狀語從句。句意：盡管瑪雅帝國消失，但是，他們曾經(jīng)居住的地區(qū)仍然有瑪雅人。結(jié)合語境，“therearestillMayans仍然還有瑪雅人”與“disappearance消失”是對比關(guān)系，后半句是完整的句子，故A為正確答案。

10.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese.

Thecruxoftheproblemis:youngpeople,beingatthestartoftheirowncareerandhavingtoexertthemselvestotheutmostallthetime,arealwaysunderthegreateststressandsevereststrain.Themiddle-agedpeople,ontheotherhand,havingaccomplishedwhatevertheyhave,mayrelievethemselvesoftheirload,andstarttoenjoyaquietandleisurelylifeunburdenedwithanyambitionsandawayfromthestormsoflife.Consequently,middle-agedpersonsquicklylapseintoindolence.Mostfamousworksthatappearedinthepastcenturies,includingthepresent,werewrittenbyauthorsaround30.WorkswithanycreativenessseldomcamefromthepenofChineseauthorsover40,exceptautobiographiesandnotesbywayofannotation.Butforwritersabroad,agedoesnotseemtoaffecttheirenergyorimaginationatall.Someliterarycelebritiesdidnotstarttheircareeruntilafter40.Becauseofvariousreasons,thelifespanofusChineseusedtobeveryshort.Hencetheoldsaying“man’slifefromoldhasrarelyreachedseventy.”Thereforethemiddle-ageperiodwasmuchearlier,andmenoflettersveryearlyintheirlivesbecame“old”andconservativepsychologically.

【答案】問題的核心是：年輕人正處于事業(yè)初創(chuàng)階段,必須時刻盡力發(fā)揮自己,由此其總是面臨莫大的壓力,受到的傷痛也極為嚴(yán)重。而中年人已經(jīng)取得他們所要的一切,可以卸下重負(fù),開始享受安靜、愜意的生活,這生活沒有任何雄心壯志,也遠(yuǎn)離生活的狂風(fēng)暴雨。結(jié)果,中年人很快就懶惰起來。自上世紀(jì)到目前的許多著名作品,其作者都在30歲左右。40歲以上的中國作家極少能寫出創(chuàng)意作品來,當(dāng)然有注解的自傳和說明除外。但對國外作家而言,年齡問題似乎絲毫不會影響其想象力。一些文學(xué)大家常常是到40歲之后才開始文學(xué)創(chuàng)作。

由于種種原因,過去中國人的壽命往往很短。由此產(chǎn)生了一句古話：“人生七十古來稀”。因此中年這一階段就大大提前了,而名人則很早就“變老”了,心理上也開始保守起來。

11.單選題

Facedwiththe（）difficulties,theyaredeterminedtocarryontheirprogram.

問題1選項

A.satisfactory

B.attributable

C.intangible

D.innocent

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項satisfactory“滿意的，符合要求的”；B選項attributable“歸屬的，屬性的”；C選項intangible“無形的，觸摸不到的，難以理解的”；D選項innocent“無辜的，無罪的”。句意：面對無形的困難，他們下定決心繼續(xù)他們的項目。由選項意思和句意可知，C選項符合句意。

12.單選題

10.

問題1選項

A.Shemarriedbecauseofloneliness.

B.Shemarriedamillionaire.

C.Shemarriedformoney.

D.Shemarriedforlove.

【答案】C

【解析】W:Cindyjustgotdivorced.

M:Sosoon!Shegotmarriedonlylastsummer.

W:Well,shefoundoutthatherhusbandwasnotthemillionaireshethoughthewas.

Q:WhatdoesthewomanimplyaboutCindy?

【解析】推斷題。女士說：shefoundoutthatherhusbandwasnotthemillionaireshethoughthewas，即Cindy離婚的原因是發(fā)現(xiàn)丈夫沒有想象得那么有錢。

13.單選題

（）andhardworkarethecornerstonesofthiscompany.

問題1選項

A.Mutilation

B.Innovation

C.Empire

D.Strength

【答案】B

【解析】語義題。句中and連接空格跟hardwork,因此B項innovation(創(chuàng)新，革新)正確。

14.單選題

Soilonthemountainslopesisverysusceptible（）erosion.

問題1選項

A.of

B.to

C.with

D.by

【答案】B

【解析】考查介詞辨析及搭配。A項of“……的”，B項to“到、朝、對于”，C項with“和……”，D項by“由、被、到……之前”；句意：山坡上的土壤很容易被侵蝕。besusceptibleto“易受……的影響”；因此B選項正確。

15.單選題

Amongthemanysubjectsinschool,mathematicsisprobablythemost（）one,dependingleastonastudent’sbackgroundandculture.

問題1選項

A.universal

B.abstract

C.arbitrary

D.concrete

【答案】A

【解析】句意:在學(xué)校的許多科目中，數(shù)學(xué)可能是最全球化的一門，因為它絲毫不會取決于學(xué)生的文化背景。

考查形容詞辨析。universal普遍的，通用的，全世界的；abstract抽象的，純理論的;arbitrary任意的，武斷的，專制的;concrete實在的,具體的。根據(jù)后面句意“因為它絲毫不會取決于學(xué)生的文化背景”可知這里應(yīng)該指數(shù)學(xué)可能是最全球化的一門學(xué)科。

16.單選題

Itisnotuncommonforthere______problemsofcommunicationbetweentheoldandtheyoung.

問題1選項

A.being

B.wouldbe

C.be

D.tobe

【答案】A

【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：年輕一代與老一代之間的交流存在問題，這種情況非常罕見。此處是therebe句型，根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，可知此處并不缺少謂語動詞，因而只能使用非謂語動詞，選項A符合題意。

17.寫作題

Writeanessayof160一200wordsbasedonthefollowingdrawing.Inyouressay,youshould

1)describethedrawingbriefly;

2)explainitsintendedmeaning,andthen3)giveyourcomments.

YoushouldwriteneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.(20points)

【答案】Asisshownabove,inthemiddleofthepicturestandafatherandhisson,withhissonwearingthecostumeandtellinghisfatherthatmanystudentsconsiderthatsingingChineseoperaisnotinteresting,whilehisfathergivessomeencouragementtohisson,sayingthat“Thatisenoughaslongasyouloveit.”Simpleasthepictureis,thesymbolicmeaningisratherdeepandprofound.

Thispicturemayaimatillustratingtheimportanceofhavingadream.Againsttheunendingchallengesoflife,itisoftenthosewhostrugglewithanexplicitdreamregardlessofresistancethatcomeoutaswinners.Withapowerfuldream,wecanaccomplishgreatthings.Ourlifehasbeenfilledwithavariousexamplesoftheimportanceofhavingadream,withthefollowingonebeingtheforemost.Einstein,anextremelyeminentphysicist,hasmadegreatachievementsinnuclearenergy.Meanwhile,hefirmlybelievesitishisdreamthatdeterminethedirectionofhiseffortsandjudgement.Withouthisdream,hecouldnothavebecomeanincrediblysuccessfulphysicist.

Fromwhathasbeendiscussedabove,wemayconfidentlydrawtheconclusionthathavingadreamshouldbeadvocated.Everyoneissupposedtohaveourowndreamandsparesnoeffortstoachieveit.Weshallalsobearinmindthatonlybyvirtueofapowerfuldreamcanweovercomealldifficultiesandbeawardedwithsuccess.

【解析】如上圖所示，畫面中央站著一對父子，兒子穿著戲服，對父親說，很多學(xué)生認(rèn)為唱中國戲曲沒意思，而父親則給兒子一些鼓勵，說“只要你喜歡就夠了”。畫面很簡單，但它的象征意義是相當(dāng)深遠(yuǎn)的。

這張圖片旨在說明擁有夢想的重要性。面對生活中無休止的挑戰(zhàn)，往往是那些不顧一切地為一個明確的夢想而奮斗的人最終成為贏家。擁有強(qiáng)大的夢想，我們就能完成偉大的事情。我們的生活中充滿了各種各樣的例子來說明擁有夢想的重要性，下面的例子是最重要的。愛因斯坦是一位非常杰出的物理學(xué)家，他在核能方面取得了巨大的成就。同時，他堅信正是他的夢想決定了他努力和判斷的方向。如果沒有夢想，他不可能成為一個非常成功的物理學(xué)家。

通過以上討論，我們可以自信地得出這樣的結(jié)論：擁有夢想應(yīng)該被提倡。每個人都應(yīng)該有自己的夢想，并不遺余力地去實現(xiàn)它。我們也要牢記，只有擁有強(qiáng)大的夢想，我們才能克服一切困難，獲得成功。

18.單選題

Thepersonheinterviewedwas（）hisformerschoolmate.

問題1選項

A.nootherthan

B.nomorethan

C.noneotherthan

D.nonetheless

【答案】C

【解析】考查短語辨析。A選項nootherthan“不是別的…；正是…”；B選項nomorethan“不過；僅僅”；C選項noneotherthan“不是別的…；正是…”；D選項nonetheless“仍然，還是”。句意：他采訪的人正是他以前的同學(xué)。因此A和C都符合句意，但在現(xiàn)代英語中nootherthan不太常用，且多用于指物，而常用noneotherthan來指人，故本題選C。

19.單選題

Theteachersuggestedthestudentcomplete（

）researchbeforewritingthetermpaper.

問題1選項

A.intensive

B.expansive

C.expensive

D.exhaustive

【答案】D

【解析】句意:老師建議學(xué)生們在寫學(xué)期論文前完成詳盡的研究。

考查形容詞辨析。Intensive密集的,徹底的;expansive廣闊的,擴(kuò)張的;expensive昂貴的;exhaustive詳盡的,徹底的,全面的。故D符合句意。

20.單選題

TheAfricanelephant—mythicsymbolofacontinent,keystoneofitsecologyandthelargestlandanimalremainingonearth—hasbecometheobjectofoneofthebiggest,broadestinternationaleffortsyetmountedtoturnathreatenedspeciesofftheroadtoextinction.Butitisnotonlytheelephant'ssurvivalthatisatstake,conservationistssay.Unliketheendangeredtiger,unlikeeventhegreatwhales,theAfricanelephantisingreatmeasurethearchitectofitsenvironment.Asavoraciouseaterofvegetation,itlargelyshapestheforest-and-savannasurroundingsinwhichitlives,therebysettingthetermsofexistenceformillionsofotherstoriedanimals-fromzebrastogazellestogiraffesandwildebeests—thatshareitshabitatAndastheelephantdisappears,scientistsandconservationistssay,manyotherspecieswillalsodisappearfromvaststretchesofforestandsavanna,drasticallyalteringandimpoverishingwholeecosystems.

Itistheelephant'smetabolismandappetitethatmakeitadisturberoftheenvironmentandthereforeanimportantcreatorofhabitat.Inaconstantsearchforthe300poundsofvegetationitmusthaveeveryday,itkillssmalltreesandunderbrushandpullsbranchesoffbigtreesashighasitstrunkwillreach.ThiscreatesinnumerableopenspacesinbothdeeptropicalforestsandinthewoodlandsthatcoverpartoftheAfricansavannas.Theresultingpatchwork,amosaicofvegetationinvariousstagesofregeneration,inturncreatesagreatervarietyofforagethatattractsagreatervarietyofothervegetation-eatersthanwouldotherwisebethecase.

Instudiesoverthelast20yearsinsouthernKenyanearMountKilimanjaro,Dr.Westernhasfoundthatwhenelephantsareallowedtoroamdiesavannasnaturallyandnormally,theyspreadoutat"intermediatedensities."Theirforagingcreatesamixtureofsavannawoodlands(whattheAfricanscallbush)andgrassland.Theresultisahighlydiversearrayofotherplant-eatingspecies:thoselikethezebra,wildebeestandgazelle,thatgraze:thoselikethegiraffe,bushbuckandlesserkudu,thatbrowseontendershoots,buds,twigsandleaves;andplant-eatingprimateslikethebaboonandvervetmonkey.Theseherbivoresattractcarnivoreslikethelionandcheetah.

Whentheelephantpopulationthinsout.Dr.Westernsaid,thewoodlandsbecomedenserandthegrazersaresqueezedout.Whenpressurefrompoachersforceselephantstocrowdmoredenselyontoreservations,thewoodlandsthereareknockedoutandthebrowsersandprimatesdisappear.

Somethingsimilarappearstohappenindensetropicalrainforests.Intheirnaturalstate,becausetheoverheadforestcanopyshutsoutsunlightandpreventsgrowthontheforestfloor,rainforestsprovideslimpickingsforlarge,hoofedplant-eaters.Bypullingdowntreesandeatingnewgrowth,elephantsenlargenaturalopeningsinthecanopy,allowingplantstoregenerateontheforestfloorandbringingdownvegetationfromthecanopysothatsmallerspeciescangetatit.

Insuchsituations,therainforestbecomeshospitabletolargeplant-eatingmammalssuchasbongos,bushpigs,duikers,foresthogs,swampantelopes,forestbuffaloes,okapis,sometimesgorillasandalwaysahostofsmalleranimalsthatthriveonsecondarygrowth.Whenelephantsdisappearandtheforestreverts,thelargermammalsgivewaytosmaller,nimbleranimalslikemonkeys,squirrelsandrodents.

1.Thepassageisprimarilyconcernedwith（）.

2.Intheopeningparagraph,theauthormentionstigersandwhalesinordertoemphasizewhichpointabouttheelephant?

3.Anecessarycomponentoftheelephant'sabilitytotransformthelandscapeisits（）.

4.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat（）.

5.Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestexpressestheauthorsattitudetowardthedamagetovegetationcausedbyforagingelephants?

問題1選項

A.explainingwhyelephantsarefacingthethreatofextinction

B.explainingdifficultiesinprovidingsufficientforageforplant-eaters

C.explaininghowtheelephantsimpactonitssurroundingsaffectsotherspecies

D.distinguishingbetweensavannasandrainforestsashabitatsforelephants

問題2選項

A.Likethem,Ufacesthethreatofextinction.

B.Itisherbivorousratherthancarnivorous.

C.Itisthelargestextantlandmammal.

D.Unlikethem,itphysicallyaltersitsenvironment.

問題3選項

A.massiveintelligence

B.threatenedextinction

C.ravenoushunger

D.lackofgrace

問題4選項

A.thenaturaltendencyofelephantsistocrowdtogetherinpacks

B.theelephantisdependentupontheexistenceofsmallerplant-eatingmammalsforitssurvival

C.elephantshaveanindirecteffectonthehuntingpatternsofcertaincarnivores

D.thefloorofthetropicalrainforestistooovergrowntoaccommodatelargerplant-eatingspecies

問題5選項

A.Itisanunfortunateby-productofthefeedingprocess.

B.Itisanecessarybutundesirableaspectofelephantpopulationgrowth.

C.Itfortuitouslyresultsincreatingenvironmentssuitedtodiversespecies.

D.Ithastheunexpectedadvantagethatitallowsscientistsaccesstotherainforest

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】1.本文主要是講述大象能夠改變居住環(huán)境,從而影響其他物種的生存,選項C正確。

2.根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞"tigers""whales"定位到第一段第三句"Unliketheendangeredtiger,unlikeeventhegreatwhales,theAfricanelephantisingreatmeasurethearchitectofitsenvironment."不像瀕臨滅絕的老虎,甚至不像大型鯨魚,非洲象在很大程度上是環(huán)境的建筑師。也就是說大象能夠改變環(huán)境,選項D符合原文。

3.根據(jù)第二段的第一句"Itistheelephant'smetabolismandappetitethatmakeitadisturberoftheenvironment"大象能夠改變環(huán)境是因為它們的新陳代謝和食欲。選項C正確。

4.根據(jù)第三段第一句"whenelephantsareallowedtoroamdiesavannasnaturallyandnormally,theyspreadoutat"intermediatedensities.""可知,大象不是群居動物,所以選項A錯誤;根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的內(nèi)容可知,選項B表達(dá)的剛好是相反的情況,所以錯誤;根據(jù)最后一段的第一句"...therainforestbecomeshospitabletolargeplant-eatingmammals..."可知選項D錯誤。根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容可知,大象改變環(huán)境會產(chǎn)生種類繁多的食草動物,食草動物又吸引了食肉動物。也就是說大象對某些食肉動物的捕獵方式有間接影響。選項C符合原文內(nèi)容。

5.結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知,大象改變環(huán)境給其他物種創(chuàng)造了適宜其生存的環(huán)境,這是偶然性的而不是大象刻意為之的,所以選項C正確。

21.單選題

Aliquidcanbekeptinanopencontainerandfillittothelevelofafreesurface.Agasformsnofreesurfacebut______todiffusethroughoutthespaceavailable.

問題1選項

A.tends

B.intends

C.inclines

D.contends

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A項tend表示“趨向，傾向，照料”，tendto表示“趨向，注意，易于”，指朝著一個方向發(fā)展或者有某種品質(zhì)；B項intend表示“打算，想要，意指”，intendto表示“打算做，想要”；C項incline表示“傾向于，（使）傾向于，贊同（某人或某事）”，inclineto表示“傾向于……，向……傾斜”，指傾向于用某種方式思考或者表現(xiàn)，被要求做某事；D項contend表示“競爭，奮斗，斗爭”，不和to搭配。根據(jù)句子的主語gas（氣體），結(jié)合but轉(zhuǎn)折后面的動詞diffuse（擴(kuò)散）可知，A項“傾向于”符合語境。句意：液體可以保存在一個開放的容器中，并將其裝滿到一個自由面的水平；氣體沒有形成自由面，而是傾向于在整個可用的空間中擴(kuò)散。因此，該題選擇A項正確。

22.單選題

Thedamagetohiscarwas______;therefore,hecouldrepairithimself.

問題1選項

A.considerable

B.appreciable

C.negligible

D.invisible

【答案】C

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.considerable相當(dāng)多（或大、重要等）的B.appreciable（大得）可以覺察到的，足以認(rèn)為重要的

C.negligible微不足道的，不重要的

D.invisible看不見的，隱形的

【答案】C

【考查點】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)后半句句意“因此他可以自己修理”可知，他的汽車損壞是非常小的，因此該題選擇C項。

【干擾項排除】A、B、D項都不符合句意。

【句意】他的汽車損壞很小，因此他可以自己修理。

23.單選題

Iwasshockedtofindafrontstorythatwasmore（）initsnaturethanitwasinformative.

問題1選項

A.sentimental

B.sensitive

C.sensational

D.sensible

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項sentimental“傷感的，情感的”，B選項sensitive“敏感的，善解人意的”，C選項sensational“轟動的，聳人聽聞的”，D選項sensible“明智的，理智的”。句意：當(dāng)我發(fā)現(xiàn)一篇頭版報道在本質(zhì)上比它提供的信息更敏感時，我感到震驚。因此，A選項符合句意。

24.翻譯題

Directions:TranslatethefollowingfiveunderlinedsentencesintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheAnswerSheet.

Youcannotfindorwillyoueverfindgoldonthesurface.IthastobediscoveredandhastobefounddeepinsidetheEarth’sground.1.Andittakesyearstofindthegoldandthisiswhyitissovaluable.Noteveryonehasit.

Characteristhesame.Youwillnotfindcharacteronthesurface.Youcanonlyfindcharacterdeepinsideyoursoul.2.Andyourcharacterisonlydiscoveredwhenthereischaos.Yourcharacterisnevertestedwhenthingsaregoingyourway.

3.Youhavetodigdeepinsideofyoutofindthecharacterandwhenyoudothatyouwilldiscoverthetruegold.

Youconsistentlyrememberonhowyoutreatothers.Areyoukindorunkind?Doyouhavemanners?Areyourespectful?Thesearequestionsweaskeachother.

4.Thisiswhyyourcharacterisyourgoldmine.Youmustguardyourcharacterjustlikeyouwouldguardyourgold.Donotletanyonetakeitordestroyit.

5.Peoplewilltestyouinlifeandeventsinlifewillshakeyou.However,whenthishappenspleaselookdeepinsideandfindyourcharacterbecauseyourcharacterwillhelpyousucceedanyevent.

Yourcharacterisyourgold.

【答案】1.這個過程很費時間，所以黃金才那么珍貴，不是每個人都能夠擁有。

2.只有混亂發(fā)生的時候你才會發(fā)現(xiàn)它，只有在事情不順心的時候你的品質(zhì)才會得到考驗

3.向自我的深處挖掘，尋找你的品質(zhì)，這樣你就會發(fā)現(xiàn)真正的黃金。

4.這就是為什么說你的品質(zhì)是你的金礦。你一定要守護(hù)你的品質(zhì)，就像你會守護(hù)自己的黃金一樣。

5.在生活中，有的人會考驗?zāi)?，有的事情會使你動搖。

25.單選題

Whenthegoinggetstough,realwomenstartcoloring.They’repickingupadultcoloringbooksbythedroves,atbookstoresandcraftstores,onAmazon,comandevenfromtheHomeShoppingNetwork.

Thedesignsappealtoeveryinterestfromwhimsicaldoodle(異想天開的涂鴉)tonaturescenesandfantasyworlds.

Coloringnotonlyevokeshappymemoriesofchildhood;theactcanalsofosterasenseofwell-beingandofferarelaxingrespitefromourdigitalworld.Craftershaveknownthisintuitivelyforyears.

Anaccumulationofresearchshowsthatthesecreativeactivitiescanhelpyoude-stressfromeverydaypressures.Recentstudiessuggestthatstructuredrhythmicendeavorssuchascoloring,knitting,orquiltingareparticularlybeneficialbecausetheyeaseyouintoameditativestateofmindthatallowsyoutopushawaynegativethoughtsandworries.

“Theseactivitiesengageyourhandsaswellasyourmindandyourfocus”,saysarttherapistLacyMucklow,theauthorofseveralbest-sellingcoloringbooks.“Plus,therepetitiveactionsreleaseserotonin(血管收縮素),thebraintransmitterresponsibleforrelaxation.”

Numerousstudieshavelookedintohowcraftingbenefitsmoodandphysicalhealth.Ina2006studyco-sponsoredbytheNationalEndowmentfortheArtsandseveralfederalhealthagencies,researchersfoundthatadults65orolderwhoengagedincreativeactivitiessuchasmakingjewelry,paintingorwritinghadbetteroverallhealth,madefewervisitstothedoctor,usedlessmedicationandhadfewerhealthproblemsthannon-crafters.

StressreductionisatopreasonCathySimocko-smith,59,aprofessionalgardenerinBridgeport，Conn,enjoyscoloring.“ColoringatnightwhileI’mwatchingTVhelpsquietmymind,”shesays.“Icanreallylosemyselfinit,anditstopsmefromthinkingaboutmyworkandthestressesinmylife.”

Coloringisagreatwaytoexploreyourcreativity—it’seasy,inexpensiveandyoudon’thavetoknowhowtodraw.The10to20minutesyouspendcoloringanimagethatgivesyouasenseofsatisfactioncanhaveapositivedominoeffectthroughoutyourday.

13.Itissaidinthepassagethatwomenstartcoloringwhen________.

14.CathySimocko-Smithenjoyscoloringbecause_________.

15.ApersonwhodoescoloringcangetthefollowingbenefitsEXCEPT_________.

16.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“respite”(inPara.3)probablymean?

問題1選項

A.thedigitalworldappealstopeople

B.theystillholdontotheirgirlhood

C.thereareeasyaccesstotheactivity

D.thesituationsbecomedifficult

問題2選項

A.shecansaveupmuchmoney

B.shecanforgetallhisworriesandcares

C.shewillstoptakingmedication

D.shewillvisitthedoctorlessfrequently

問題3選項

A.asenseofsatisfaction

B.ahappymoodthroughouthisday

C.explorationofcreativity

D.professionalknowledgeofdrawing

問題4選項

A.Ashortbreak.

B.Agoodopportunity.

C.Abeautifulplace.

D.Apleasantenvironment.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:A

【解析】13.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】事實細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：文章認(rèn)為當(dāng)……時候，婦女開始著色？根據(jù)題干定位至文章第一段第一句話Whenthegoinggetstough,realwomenstartcoloring.（當(dāng)情況變得艱難的時候，現(xiàn)實生活中的婦女開始拾起著色技能。），因此D選項“情況變得困難”符合題意；文章第三段第一句話提到Coloringnotonlyevokeshappymemoriesofchildhood;theactcanalsofosterasenseofwell-beingandofferarelaxingrespitefromourdigitalworld.（涂色不僅能喚起童年的快樂回憶；這種行為還可以培養(yǎng)一種幸福感，讓人們從數(shù)字化世界中放松一下。），可知長期生活在數(shù)字化世界中讓人感到疲憊，和A選項“數(shù)字世界吸引人的時候”，表達(dá)意思與原文相悖，故A選項排除；B選項“他們緊握自己的少女時代時”，文中并沒有提到婦女的少女時代，因此B選項排除；C項“容易接觸這類活動”，這類活動簡單，不需要技巧，但這并不是婦女著色的原因，因此C選項排除。綜上所述，本題正確答案為D選項。

14.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實題。題干：凱西享受著色是因為……？根據(jù)題干定位至文章第七段第二句話“ColoringatnightwhileI’mwatchingTVhelpsquietmymind,”shesays.“Icanreallylosemyselfinit,anditstopsmefromthinkingaboutmyworkandthestressesinmylife.”（“晚上看電視的時候涂色能讓我的大腦安靜下來，”她說。“我真的可以在上色中迷失自我，它讓我不再去想我的工作和生活中的壓力。”），可知凱西享受著色主要是因為它可以為凱西帶來精神上的放松及愉悅，因此B選項“她可以忘記很多憂慮”符合題意；A選項“她可以節(jié)約很多錢”，文中沒有提到著色這種藝術(shù)行為可以給凱西省錢，故A選項不對，排除；C選項“她可以停止藥物治療”，D項“她可以減少看醫(yī)生的頻率”。文中沒有提到凱西需要或者可以停止藥物治療，也沒有提到她去看醫(yī)生，在上文第六段最后一句話文章提到researchersfoundthatadults65orolderwhoengagedincreativeactivitiessuchasmakingjewelry,paintingorwritinghadbet