考研考博-英語(yǔ)-南開(kāi)大學(xué)濱海學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解1

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-南開(kāi)大學(xué)濱海學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買(mǎi)！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.翻譯題

Yogashouldbedonewithanopen,gentle,andnomcriticalmind:whenonestretchesintoayogaposition,itcanbethoughtofasacceptingandworkingonone’slimits.

【答案】瑜伽應(yīng)該以一種開(kāi)放、溫和、不挑剔的心態(tài)來(lái)完成：當(dāng)一個(gè)人伸展成瑜伽姿勢(shì)時(shí)，可以被認(rèn)為是接受并努力達(dá)到自己的極限。

2.問(wèn)答題

Ashumankindmovesintothethird(A)millennium,itcan(B)rightfullyclaimtohavebrokennewgroundin(C)theirage-old(D)questtomastertheenvironment.

【答案】C;“their”改為“its”。

【解析】考查代詞。句意：隨著人類(lèi)進(jìn)入第三個(gè)千年，人類(lèi)可以正當(dāng)?shù)芈暦Q(chēng)其在自古以來(lái)對(duì)環(huán)境的掌控中開(kāi)辟了新的道路。It代指上文的“humankind”表示人類(lèi)，為單數(shù)形式，所以下文也應(yīng)該用相應(yīng)的單數(shù)形式“its”。故將C項(xiàng)的“their”改為“its”。

3.單選題

Certainlynocreatureintheseaisodderthanthecommonseacucumber.Alllivingcreatures,especiallyhumanbeings,havetheirpeculiarities,buteverythingaboutthelittleseacucumberseemsunusual.Whatelsecanbesaidaboutabizarreanimalthat,amongothereccentricities,eatsmud,feedsalmostcontinuouslydayandnightbutcanlivewithouteatingforlongperiods,andcanbepoisonousbutisconsideredsupremelyediblebygourmets?

Forsomefiftymillionyears,despiteallitseccentricities,theseacucumberhassubsistedonitsdietofmud.Itisadaptableenoughtoliveattachedtorocksbyitstubefeet(棘皮動(dòng)物的管足)，underrocksinshallowwater,oronthesurfaceofmudflats.CommonincoolwateronbothAtlanticandPacificshores,ithastheabilitytosuckupmudorsandanddigestwhatevernutrientsarepresent.

Seacucumberscomeinavarietyofcolors,rangingfromblacktoreddish-browntosand-colorandearlywhite.Oneformevenhasvividpurpletentacles.Usuallythecreaturesarecucumber-shaped—hencetheirname—andbecausetheyaretypicallyrockinhabitants,thisshape,combinedwithflexibility,enablesthemtosqueezeintocreviceswheretheyaresafefrompredatorsandoceancurrents.

Althoughtheyhavevoraciousappetites,eatingdayandnight,seacucumbershavethecapacitytobecomemotionlessandliveatalowmetabolicrate—feedingsparinglyornotatallforlongperiods,sothatthemarineorganismsthatprovidetheirfoodhaveachancetomultiply.Ifitwerenotforthisfaculty,theywoulddevourallthefoodavailableinshorttimeandwouldprobablystarvethemselvesoutofexistence.

Butthemostspectacularthingabouttheseacucumberisthewayitdefendsitself.Itsmajorenemiesarefishandcrabs.Whenattacked,itsquirtsallitsinternalorgansintothewater.Italsocastsoffattachedstructuressuchastentacles.Theseacucumberwilleviscerateandregenerateitselfwhenitisattackedoreventouched;itwilldothesameifthesurroundingwatertemperatureistoohighorifthewaterbecomestoopolluted.

1.Thepassagemainlydiscusses（）.

2.Accordingtothepassage,theshapeofseacucumbersisimportantbecause（）.

3.Thefourthparagraphofthepassagemainlydiscuses（）.

4.Ofallthefeaturesoftheseacucumber,whichofthefollowingseemstofascinatetheauthormost?

5.Comparedwithotherseacreaturestheseacucumberisvery（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.thereasonfortheseacucumber’sname

B.whatmakestheseacucumberunusual

C.howtoidentifytheseacucumber

D.placeswheretheseacucumbercanbe

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.itshelpsthemtodigesttheirfood

B.ithelpsthemtoprotectthemselvesfromdanger

C.itmakesiteasierforthemtomovethroughthemud

D.itmakesthemattractivetofish

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.thereproductionofseacucumbers

B.thefoodsourcesofseacucumbers

C.theeatinghabitsofseacucumbers

D.threatstoseacucumbers’existence

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Whatitdoeswhenthreatened

B.Whereitlives

C.Howithidesfrompredators

D.Whatiteats

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.dangerous

B.intelligent

C.fat

D.strange

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.主旨大意題。文章第一段第一句說(shuō)到Certainlynocreatureintheseaisodderthanthecommonseacucumber.（海洋里沒(méi)有比普通海參更奇怪的生物。），而文章的其余部分都是圍繞這句話(huà)展開(kāi)，介紹了海參的種種奇特之處。所以B選項(xiàng)“什么讓海參與眾不同”符合文章的中心主旨。A選項(xiàng)“海參得名的原因”，C選項(xiàng)“如何識(shí)別海參”和D選項(xiàng)“海參可能在的地方”文中均沒(méi)有提及，所以A，C，D不正確。

2.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“shape”可以定位到文章第三段最后一句thisshape,combinedwithflexibility,enablesthemtosqueezeintocreviceswheretheyaresafefrompredatorsandoceancurrents（這種形狀，再加上柔韌性，使它們能夠擠進(jìn)裂縫中，在那里它們可以免受捕食者和洋流的傷害。），說(shuō)明海參的形狀能使它們躲避捕食者和洋流的傷害，所以B選項(xiàng)“幫助它們保護(hù)自己免受危險(xiǎn)”正確。A選項(xiàng)“幫助它們消化食物”，C選項(xiàng)“使它們更容易在泥中移動(dòng)”和D選項(xiàng)“使它們對(duì)魚(yú)有吸引力”在文中均沒(méi)有提及，所以A，C，D錯(cuò)誤。

3.主旨大意題。由題干可以定位到第四段，第四段第一句說(shuō)到Althoughtheyhavevoraciousappetites,eatingdayandnight,seacucumbershavethecapacitytobecomemotionlessandliveatalowmetabolicrate—feedingsparinglyornotatallforlongperiods（雖然海參食欲旺盛，晝夜不停地進(jìn)食，但它們有能力靜止不動(dòng)，以低代謝率的方式生活——很少進(jìn)食或長(zhǎng)期不進(jìn)食。），可以得知第四段說(shuō)的是海參的進(jìn)食習(xí)慣，所以C選項(xiàng)“海參的進(jìn)食習(xí)慣”符合第四段的中心主旨。A選項(xiàng)“海參的繁殖”，B選項(xiàng)“海參的食物來(lái)源”和D選項(xiàng)“對(duì)海參生存的威脅”在第四段中均沒(méi)有提及，所以A，B，D錯(cuò)誤。

4.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“fascinatetheauthormost”可以定位到文章最后一段第一句Butthemostspectacularthingabouttheseacucumberisthewayitdefendsitself.（但海參最引人注目的是它的自衛(wèi)方式。），說(shuō)明作者認(rèn)為海參最吸引人的地方在于它遇到威脅時(shí)的自衛(wèi)方式，所以A選項(xiàng)“它受到威脅時(shí)的做法”正確。B選項(xiàng)“它住在哪里”，C選項(xiàng)“它是如何躲避捕食者的”和D選項(xiàng)“它吃什么”雖然文章中有介紹，但都不是吸引作者的地方，所以B，C，D錯(cuò)誤。

5.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“seacreatures”可以定位到第一段第一句Certainlynocreatureintheseaisodderthanthecommonseacucumber.（海洋里沒(méi)有比普通海參更奇怪的生物。），說(shuō)明比起其他海洋生物，海參非常奇怪，所以D選項(xiàng)“奇怪”正確。A選項(xiàng)“危險(xiǎn)”，B選項(xiàng)“聰明”和C選項(xiàng)“肥胖”在文中均沒(méi)有提及，所以A，B，C錯(cuò)誤。

4.單選題

Evenwhentextbooksare______throughaschoolsystem,methodsofteachingmayvarygreatly.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.commonplace

B.standardized

C.competitive

D.generalized

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)commonplace“平凡的，普通的”；B選項(xiàng)standardized“標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化的”；C選項(xiàng)competitive“競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的，比賽的”；D選項(xiàng)generalized“普遍的，廣泛的”。根據(jù)Even可知空格與varygreatly的意思相反，因此選B。句意：即使教科書(shū)通過(guò)學(xué)校系統(tǒng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化，教學(xué)方法也可能有很大的不同。

5.單選題

Johnsaysthathispresentjobdoesnotprovidehimwithenough（）forhisorganizingability.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.scope

B.space

C.capacity

D.range

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)scope“范圍；余地；視野”；B選項(xiàng)space“空間；太空”；C選項(xiàng)capacity“能力；容量；資格”；D選項(xiàng)range“范圍；幅度；山脈”。句意：約翰稱(chēng)他現(xiàn)在的工作沒(méi)有為自己的組織能力提供足夠的發(fā)展空間。根據(jù)句中“organizingability組織能力”可知“空間”符合語(yǔ)境，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

6.單選題

Sometimesthestudentmaybeaskedtowriteabouthis（

）toacertainbookorarticlethathassomebearingonthesubjectbeingstudied.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.reaction

B.comment

C.impression

D.comprehension

【答案】A

【解析】固定搭配。reactionto對(duì)的反應(yīng)，對(duì)的看法或意見(jiàn)；選項(xiàng)B一般與on搭配；選項(xiàng)C和D一般與of搭配。句意：有時(shí)，學(xué)生可能會(huì)被要求寫(xiě)他對(duì)某本書(shū)或某篇與正在研究的主題有關(guān)的文章的看法。選項(xiàng)A符合語(yǔ)境。

7.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

AttackinganincreasinglypopularInternetbusinesspractice,aconsumerwatchdoggroupMondayfiledacomplaintwiththeFederalTradeCommission,assertingthatmanyonlinesearchenginesareconcealingtheimpactspecialfeeshaveonsearchresultsbyInternetusers.CommercialAlert,a3-year-oldgroupfoundedbyconsumeractivistRalphNader,askedtheFTCtoinvestigatewhethereightoftheWeb’slargestsearchenginesareviolatingfederallawsagainstdeceptiveadvertising.

ThegroupsaidthatthesearchenginesareabandoningobjectiveformulastodeterminetheorderoftheirlistedresultsandsellingthetopspotstothehighestbidderswithoutmakingadequatedisclosurestoWebsurfers.Thecomplainttouchesahot-buttonissueaffectingtensofmillionsofpeoplewhosubmitsearchquerieseachday.Withmorethan2billionpagesandmorethan14billionhyperlinksontheWeb,searchrequestsrankasthesecondmostpopularonlineactivityafterE-mail.

TheeightsearchenginesnamedinCommercialAlert’scomplaintare:MSN,ownedbyMicrosoft;Netscape,ownedbyAOLTimeWarner;Directhit,ownedbyAskJeeves;HotBotandLycos,bothownedbyTerraLycos;Altavista,ownedbyCMGI;LookSmart,ownedbyLookSmart;andiWon,ownedbyaprivatelyheldcompanyoperatingunderthesamename.Portland,Ore.-basedCommercialAlertcouldhavenamedmoresearchenginesinitscomplaint,butfocusedonthebiggestsitesthatareauctioningoffspotsintheirresults,saidGaryRuskin,thegroup’sexecutivedirector.“Searchengineshavebecomecentralinthequestforlearningandknowledgeinoursociety.Theabilitytoskew(扭曲）theresultsinfavorofhucksters(小販）withouttellingconsumersisaseriousproblem.”Ruskinsaid.BylateMondayafternoon,threeofthesearchengineshadrespondedtoTheAssociatedPressinquiriesaboutthecomplaint.Two,LookSmartandAltaVista,deniedthecharges.MicrosoftspokesmanMattPillasaidMSNisdelivering“compellingsearchresultsthatpeoplewant.”

TheFTChadnocommentaboutthecomplaintMonday.Thecomplainttakesaimatthenewbusinessplansembracedbymoresearchenginesastheytrytocashinontheirpivotal(關(guān)鍵)roleasWebguidesandreverseasteadystreamoflosses.Toboostrevenue,searchenginesinthepastyearhavebeenacceptingpaymentsfrombusinessesinterestedinreceivingahigherrankingincertaincategoriesorensuringthattheirsitesarereviewedmorefrequently.

51.Theconsumergroupcomplainedabout（）.

52.（）isthemostpopularactivityonline.

53.WhichofthefollowingisNOTacorrectstatement?

54.AllthefollowingshareonesimilarityEXCEPT（）.

55.Theprimaryaimofsomecompanies’sponsoringthesearchenginesisto（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.specialfeesthatInternetuserswerecharged

B.FederalTradeCommission

C.CommercialAlert

D.onlinesearchengines

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Sendingpagesofinformation

B.SendingE-mail

C.Surfingthenet

D.Sellingthetopspot

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.TherearetoomanypagesorhyperlinksontheInternet,sopeopleusuallyusesearchenginetofindacertainsite.

B.Morethan8searchenginesareaccusedofsellingtheirsearchenginespotsbyCommercialAlert.

C.TheheadquartersofCommercialAlertisinPortlandOregon.

D.ThesearchenginesareWebguides.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.LookSmart

B.CMGI

C.Altavista

D.Microsoft

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.cashinontheirimportantroleasWebguides

B.boosttheiravenue

C.reverseaseriesoflosses

D.havetheirsitesvisitedbytheinternetusersmore

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】51.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)問(wèn)題中的complain一詞定位到第一段第二行filedacomplaintwiththeFederalTradeCommission,assertingthatmanyonlinesearchenginesareconcealingtheimpactspecialfeeshaveonsearchresultsbyInternetusersassertingthatmanyonlinesearchenginesareconcealingtheimpactspecialfeeshaveonsearchresultsbyInternetusers.（向聯(lián)邦貿(mào)易局投訴，許多在線(xiàn)搜索引擎都在隱瞞特別費(fèi)用對(duì)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)用戶(hù)搜索結(jié)果的影響），可知這個(gè)機(jī)構(gòu)是抱怨用戶(hù)被收取了特殊費(fèi)用費(fèi)，所以只有A項(xiàng)“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)用戶(hù)收取的特殊費(fèi)用”正確。B項(xiàng)“聯(lián)邦貿(mào)易委員會(huì)”是申訴機(jī)構(gòu)；C項(xiàng)“商業(yè)警報(bào)”根據(jù)第一段最后一句可知，這是一個(gè)消費(fèi)者維權(quán)組織，故排除C；D項(xiàng)“在線(xiàn)搜索引擎”不夠全面，應(yīng)該指出具體事項(xiàng)。

52.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。文章二段最后一句searchrequestsrankasthesecondmostpopularonlineactivityafterE-mail。（搜索的需求是網(wǎng)上僅次于E-mail的第二大受歡迎的活動(dòng)），可知網(wǎng)上最受歡迎的活動(dòng)是收發(fā)E-mail。A項(xiàng)“發(fā)送信息頁(yè)”；C項(xiàng)“上網(wǎng)”；D項(xiàng)“銷(xiāo)售第一”在文中都未提及且不符合題意，故錯(cuò)誤。

53.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。第三段開(kāi)頭TheeightsearchenginesnamedinCommercialAlert’scomplaintare…（商業(yè)警報(bào)投訴中提到的八個(gè)搜索引擎是……），后文接著具體列舉了這八種搜索引擎，B項(xiàng)“超過(guò)八個(gè)”是不正確的。A項(xiàng)定位到第二段最后一句Withmorethan2billionpagesandmorethan14billionhyperlinksontheWeb（在網(wǎng)上有超過(guò)20億個(gè)網(wǎng)頁(yè)和超過(guò)140億個(gè)超鏈接）可知A項(xiàng)“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上有太多的網(wǎng)頁(yè)或超鏈接，所以人們通常使用搜索引擎來(lái)查找某個(gè)網(wǎng)站”正確；C項(xiàng)定位第三段第四行Portland,Ore.-basedCommercialAlertcouldhavenamedmoresearchenginesinitscomplaint,butfocusedonthebiggestsites…（位于俄勒岡州波特蘭市的《商業(yè)警報(bào)》本可以在投訴中提及更多搜索引擎，但重點(diǎn)放在最大的網(wǎng)站上……）可知C項(xiàng)“商業(yè)警報(bào)總部在俄勒岡州波特蘭”正確；D項(xiàng)定位到最后一段第二句moresearchenginesastheytrytocashinontheirpivotalroleasWebguidesandreverseasteadystreamoflosses.（越來(lái)越多的搜索引擎試圖利用其作為網(wǎng)絡(luò)向?qū)У年P(guān)鍵作用，扭轉(zhuǎn)持續(xù)不斷的虧損）可知D項(xiàng)“搜索引擎是網(wǎng)絡(luò)指南”正確。

54.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。定位到文章的第三段，看看文章中含的選項(xiàng)的這幾個(gè)詞，A、B、D從第三段可知都是擁有搜索引擎的公司的名字，只有C是CMGI公司所擁有的搜索引擎的名字，所以A、B、D都是公司，而C是搜索引擎，故C與其他不同。

55.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】主旨大意題。題目問(wèn)一些公司贊助搜索引擎的主要目的是什么。文章的最后一句是Toboostrevenue,searchenginesinthepastyearhavebeenacceptingpaymentsfrombusinessesinterestedinreceivingahigherrankingincertaincategoriesorensuringthattheirsitesarereviewedmorefrequently.（為了增加收入，搜索引擎在過(guò)去幾年里接受了一些公司的資助，這些都是想在同類(lèi)中提高地位或者愿意使網(wǎng)站被人們經(jīng)常瀏覽的公司）。所以說(shuō)資助搜索引擎的公司的目的就是讓自己的網(wǎng)站被上網(wǎng)者多多瀏覽），所以答案是D項(xiàng)“讓他們的網(wǎng)站更受網(wǎng)民的訪問(wèn)”。A項(xiàng)“充分發(fā)揮他們作為網(wǎng)絡(luò)向?qū)У闹匾饔谩保籅項(xiàng)“促進(jìn)他們的發(fā)展”；C項(xiàng)“扭轉(zhuǎn)一系列損失”，均不符合題意。

8.單選題

Forcenturies,explorershaveriskedtheirlivesventuringintotheunknownforreasonsthatweretovaryingdegreeseconomicandnationalistic.ColumbuswentwesttolookforbettertraderoutestotheOrientandtopromotethegreatergloryofSpain.LewisandClarkjourneyedintotheAmericanwildernesstofindoutwhattheU.S.hadacquiredwhenitpurchasedLouisiana,andtheApolloastronautsrocketedtothemooninadramaticshowoftechnologicalmuscleduringthecoldwar.

Althoughtheirmissionsblendedcommercialandpolitical-militaryimperatives,theexplorersinvolvedallaccomplishedsomesignificantsciencebygoingwherenoscientistshadgonebefore.TodayMarsloomsashumanity’snextgreatterraincognita.Andwithdoubtfulprospectsforashort-termfinancialreturn,withthecoldwararapidlyfadingmemoryandamidagrowingemphasisoninternationalcooperationinlargespaceventures,itisclearthatimperativesotherthanprofitsornationalismwillhavetocompelhumanbeingstoleavetheirtracksontheplanet’sreddishsurface.Coulditbethatscience,whichhaslongplayedaminorroleinexploration,isatlastdestinedtotakealeadingrole?Thequestionnaturallyinvitesacoupleofothers:ArethereexperimentsthatonlyhumancoulddoonMars?Couldthoseexperimentsprovideinsightsprofoundenoughtojustifytheexpenseofsendingpeopleacrossinterplanetaryspace?

WithMarsthescientificstakesarearguablyhigherthantheyhaveeverbeen.Theissueofwhetherlifeeverexistedontheplanet,andwhetheritpersiststothisday,hasbeenhighlightedbymountingevidencethattheRedPlanetoncehadabundantstable,liquidwaterandbythecontinuingcontroversyoversuggestionsthebacterialfossilsrodetoEarthonameteorite(隕石)fromMars.AmoreconclusiveansweraboutlifeonMars,pastorpresent,wouldgiveresearchersinvaluabledataabouttherangeofconditionsunderwhichaplanetcangeneratethecomplexchemistrythatleadstolife.IfitcouldbeestablishedthatlifearoseindependentlyonMarsandEarth,thefindingwouldprovidethefirstconcretecluesinoneofthedeepestmysteriesinallofscience:theprevalenceoflifeintheuniverse.

1.Accordingtothepassage,thechiefpurposeofexploresingoingtounknownplaceinthepastwas_________________.

2.Atpresent,aprobableinducementforcountriestoinitiatelarge-scalespaceventuresis____________.

3.WhatisthemaingoalofsendinghumanmissionstoMars?

4.Bysaying“WithMarsthescientificstakesarearguablyhigherthantheyhaveeverbeen”,theauthormeansthat________________.

5.ThepassagetellsusthatproofoflifeonMarswould___________.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.todisplaytheircountry’smilitarymight

B.toaccomplishsomesignificantscience

C.tofindnewareasforcolonization

D.topursuecommercialandstateinterests

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.internationalcooperation

B.nationalisticreasons

C.scientificresearch

D.long-termprofits

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.tTofindoutiflifeeverexistedthere.

B.tToseeifhumanscouldsurvivethere.

C.tToprovethefeasibilityoflarge-scalespaceventures.

D.tToshowtheleadingroleofscienceinspaceexploration.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.withMarstherisksinvolvedaremuchgreaterthananypreviousspaceventures.

B.inthecaseofMars,therewardsofscientificexplorationcanbeveryhigh

C.inthecaseofMars,muchmoreresearchfundsareneededthaneverbefore

D.withMars,scientistsargue,thefundamentalinterestsofscienceareatissue

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.makeclearthecomplexchemistryinthedevelopmentoflife

B.confirmthesuggestionthatbacterialfossilstraveledtoEarthonameteorite

C.revealthekindofconditionsunderwhichlifeoriginates

D.provideanexplanationwhylifeiscommonintheuniverse

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.【試題解析】：事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)explorersgotounknown定位到全文首句。首句中提到，幾個(gè)世紀(jì)以來(lái)，出于或多或少的經(jīng)濟(jì)原因及國(guó)家主義原因，探險(xiǎn)家冒著生命危險(xiǎn)深入到未知領(lǐng)域。本題是詢(xún)問(wèn)主要目的，所以reasons的定語(yǔ)從句中的內(nèi)容即為答案“forreasonsthatweretovaryingdegreeseconomicandnationalistic”，由此可知答案為D。

2.【試題解析】:判斷推理題。題目的意思是說(shuō)促使各個(gè)國(guó)家大規(guī)模的太空探險(xiǎn)的主要誘因是什么，定位到第2段，“itisclearthatimperativesotherthanprofitsornationalismwillhavetocompelhumanbeingstoleavetheirtracksontheplanet’sreddishsurface.”可得知去太空探險(xiǎn)是為了留下人類(lèi)的痕跡也就是為了科學(xué)的探索，因此，答案為C。

3.【試題解析】:判斷推理題。根據(jù)maingoal這一個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞定位到第23段第43句。定位到原文，可得知在以往探險(xiǎn)中一直扮演次要角色的科學(xué)這一次終于注定是主角了嗎？?說(shuō)明在以往探險(xiǎn)中，一直被認(rèn)為不重要的就是科學(xué)，由此可知那么這次最重要的就是科學(xué)，因此答案為D。

4.【試題解析】:事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)引用的這句話(huà)可以定位到原文的“AmoreconclusiveansweraboutlifeonMars,pastorpresent,wouldgiveresearchersinvaluabledataabouttherangeofconditionsunderwhichaplanetcangeneratethecomplexchemistrythatleadstolife.”可得知，這次的探險(xiǎn)可以獲得了很多前所未有的珍貴資料，因此，答案為BA。

5.【試題解析】：事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題目詢(xún)問(wèn)文章告訴我們火星上有生命的證據(jù)表明了什么，可定位到原文的最后一段“AmoreconclusiveansweraboutlifeonMars,，pastorpresent,，wouldgiveresearchersinvaluabledataabouttherangeofconditionsunderwhichaplanetcangeneratethecomplexchemistrythatleadstolife.”(（就火星上過(guò)去或現(xiàn)在的生命問(wèn)題提供一個(gè)更具結(jié)論性的答案，將會(huì)給研究者提供寶貴的資料，使他們了解在何種條件下，一個(gè)行星體能夠產(chǎn)生復(fù)雜的化學(xué)反應(yīng)，導(dǎo)致生命的出現(xiàn)）)，因此，答案為C。

9.單選題

Bettywasconcernedthathergreatsocialpopularity（）adiscouragingeffectonthemanshewantedtomarry.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.shouldbe

B.hadbeen

C.willbe

D.mighthave

【答案】C

【解析】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)與題干可知本題考查的是虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意：貝蒂擔(dān)心她巨大的社會(huì)聲望……對(duì)她想要嫁的男人會(huì)產(chǎn)生令人沮喪的影響。根據(jù)句意可推測(cè)，她的巨大聲望可能會(huì)產(chǎn)生某種影響，可知C選項(xiàng)正確。

10.單選題

Thecorporationexpectsonly（）increasesinsalesnextyeardespiteayearlongefforttoreviveitsretailingbusiness.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.modest

B.predictable

C.dynamic

D.expanding

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)modest“適度的，謙虛的”；B選項(xiàng)predictable“可預(yù)言的”；C選項(xiàng)dynamic“動(dòng)態(tài)的，動(dòng)力的，有活力的”；D選項(xiàng)expanding“擴(kuò)大的，擴(kuò)展的”。句意：盡管用過(guò)去一年的時(shí)間去努力恢復(fù)零售市場(chǎng)，但是公司僅僅期盼業(yè)績(jī)（）增長(zhǎng)即可。題干中的despite表轉(zhuǎn)折，因此空格所填單詞應(yīng)該與despite所引導(dǎo)的句子產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果相反，正常情況下，付出了努力必然期盼有回報(bào)，所以這里應(yīng)填與increase意思相反的詞匯。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

11.單選題

Theexplosionofastarisanawesomeevent.Themostviolentofthesecataclysms,whichproducesupernovae,probablydestroysastarcompletely.Withinourgalaxyofroughly100billionstarsthelastsupernovawasobservedin1604.Muchsmallerexplosions,however,occurquitefrequently,givingrisetowhatastronomerscallnovaeanddwarfnovae.Ontheorderof25novaeoccurinourgalaxyeveryyear,butonlytwoorthreearenearenoughtobeobserved.About100dwarfnovaeareknownaltogether.Iftheexplodingstarisinanearbypartofthegalaxy,itmaycreatea“newstar”thatwasnotpreviouslyvisibletothenakedeye.ThelastnewstarofthissortthatcouldbeobservedclearlyfromtheNorthernHemisphereappearedin1946.Inthesesmallerexplosionsthestarlosesonlyaminutefractionofitsmassandsurvivestoexplodeagain.

Astrophysicistsarefairlywellsatisfiedthattheycanaccountfortheexplosionsofsupernovae.Thenovaeanddwarfnovaehavepresentedmoreofapuzzle.Ishalldescriberecentinvestigationsthathaveprovidedimportantnewinformationaboutthesetwoclassesofexplodingstar.Thepicturethatemergesisquiteastonishing.Itappearsthateverydwarfnova—andperhapseverynova—isamemberofapairofstars.Thetwostarsaresoclosetogetherthattheyrevolvearoundapointthatliesbarelyoutsidethesurfaceofthelargerstar.Asaresulttheperiodofrotationisusuallyonlyafewhoursandtheirvelocitiesrangeupwardtowithinatwo-hundredththespeedoflight.

Astronomersusetheterm“cataclysmicvariable”toembracethethreegeneralclassesofexplodingstar:dwarfnovae,novae,andsupemovae.Acataclysmicvariableisdefinedasastarthatsuddenlyandunpredictablyincreasesinbrightnessbyafactorofatleast10.Dwarfnovaearestarsthatincreaseinbrightnessbyafactorof10too100withinaperiodofseveralhoursanddeclinetotheirformerbrightnessintwoorthreedays.Inthisperiodtheyemitsome1038to1039ergsofenergy.Atmaximumbrillianceadwarfnovashinesaboutasintenselyasoursun;previouslyithadbeenonlyaboutahundredthasbright.Thenumberofoutburstsrangesanywherefrom3to30ayear,butforanystartheintervalshaveafairlyconstantvalue.Moreover,themaximumbrightnessfromoutbursttooutburstisthesamewithinafactoroftwoforagivenstar.Thedwarfnovaeareoftenreferredto,aftertheirprototypes,asUGeminorumorSSCygnistars.(Thestarsofeachconstellationaredesignatedbylettersornumbers.)Asubgroupofdwarfnovae,calledZCamelopardalisstars,donotalwaysdescendtominimumbrightnessbetweenoutburstsbutmaystayatsomeintermediatelevelforseveralmonths.

1.Thetitlebelowthatbestexpressestheideasofthispassageis（

）.

2.Thereasonwhydwarfnovaeexplodeis

（

）.

3.Itislikelythatintheparagraphthatfollowsthispassagetheauthorwilldiscuss（

）.

4.ItcanbeseenfromthelastparagraphofthepassagethatZCamelopardalisstarsare

（

）.

5.Astronomersareacquaintedwithapproximately（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.CataclysmicVariables

B.ExplodingStars

C.MiraclesintheSkies

D.OurExpandingUniverse

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.thattheyemittremendousamountsofenergy

B.acataclysmicvariable

C.thattheyaretwinstars

D.notknown

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.thecharacteristicsoftheexplosionofanova

B.supernovae

C.oursunasadwarfnova

D.howthetwinstarsrevolve

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.supemovae

B.atminimumbrillianceforseveralmonths

C.belongingtoitssubgroupofadwarfnovaefamily

D.atmaximumbrillianceforalongertimethanotherstars

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.100dwarfnovae

B.35novae

C.10novae

D.3to30novaeayear

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.主旨大意題。文章第一段“Muchsmallerexplosions,however,occurquitefrequently,givingrisetowhatastronomerscallnovaeanddwarfnovae.”指出星體的爆炸及其產(chǎn)生的其他不同的星體——矮新星、新星和超新星。文章隨后介紹了天體物理學(xué)家對(duì)這些爆炸星體的觀察結(jié)果，并且天體物理學(xué)家將這三類(lèi)爆炸的星體統(tǒng)稱(chēng)為激變形變光星，最后文章對(duì)其中的矮新星進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的介紹。所以答案為B。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。定位第二段中“Astrophysicistsarefairlywellsatisfiedthattheycanaccountfortheexplosionsofsupernovae.Thenovaeanddwarfnovaehavepresentedmoreofapuzzle天體物理學(xué)家都相當(dāng)滿(mǎn)意，他們可以解釋超新星的爆炸。新星和矮新星更像是一個(gè)謎?！笨芍狣項(xiàng)正確。

3.判斷推理題。題干問(wèn)“在這篇文章之后的段落中作者將會(huì)探討？”定位到最后一段，“Astronomersusetheterm“cataclysmicvariable”toembracethethreegeneralclassesofexplodingstar:dwarfnovae,novae,andsupernovae.”天文學(xué)家使用“災(zāi)變變量”一詞來(lái)概括爆炸恒星的三大類(lèi):矮新星、新星和超新星?！痹俳Y(jié)合前文中的“Astrophysicistsarefairlywellsatisfiedthattheycanaccountfortheexplosionsofsupenovae.Thenovaeanddwarfnovaehavepresentedmoreofapuzzle天體物理學(xué)家對(duì)他們能解釋超新星的爆炸相當(dāng)滿(mǎn)意。新星和矮新星更像是一個(gè)謎?！奔热晃锢韺W(xué)家對(duì)超新星的爆炸相當(dāng)滿(mǎn)意，可推知接下來(lái)可能會(huì)繼續(xù)探討有關(guān)超新星的問(wèn)題。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。定位到最后一段中“Asubgroupofdwarfnovae,calledZCamelopardalisstars,donotalwaysdescendtominimumbrightnessbetweenoutburstsbutmaystayatsomeintermediatelevelforseveralmonths.矮新星的子群，稱(chēng)為Z鹿豹座恒星,其亮度不總是在爆發(fā)的間隙下降至最低，但或許在幾個(gè)月的時(shí)間里保持中等水平?？芍狢項(xiàng)“屬于矮新星科的一個(gè)亞群”正確。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由第一段中“About100dwarfnovaeareknownaltogether.已知的矮新星總共有大約100顆”可知A項(xiàng)正確。

12.填空題

IranintoWangTaoandLiSan（1）thetradefairinMunbaiinFebruary.I（2）seenthemsince2007（3）ofthemliketheirnewjobs,but（4）wantstostayinShenzhenmuchlonger.

【答案】1.at

2.Haven’t

3.Both

4.neither

【解析】1.語(yǔ)法題。此處應(yīng)該用介詞at。Atthetradefair在交易會(huì)上。

2.

語(yǔ)法題。此處有提示詞since,所以此處表示

“自從2007年來(lái),就沒(méi)見(jiàn)過(guò)他們了”,因此用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的否定haven’t

done。

3.語(yǔ)義題。此處填both(兩者都…)符合句意。

4.語(yǔ)義題。Neither表示“都不”。

13.單選題

Itwasn’tsuchagooddinner（）shehadpromised.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.what

B.that

C.which

D.as

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。such和as搭配，so和that搭配，所以這里只能填入as。句意：這頓晚餐并不像她所承諾的那樣好。選項(xiàng)D正確。

14.單選題

JustasoneneedsaJ.D.tobecomealawyerinAmerica,onemustobtainaM.D.inordertoqualifyasaphysician,thoughthedegreeisnottheonlyrequirement.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.JustasoneneedsaJ.D

B.aM.D

C.qualifyasa

D.thoughthedegreeisnottheonly

E.沒(méi)有問(wèn)題

【答案】E

15.單選題

I’djustassoon（

）rudelytoher.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.thatyouwon’tspeak

B.yournotspeaking

C.younotspeak

D.youdidn’tspeak

【答案】D

【解析】句意:我倒寧愿你沒(méi)有粗魯?shù)貙?duì)她說(shuō)話(huà)。

語(yǔ)法題?？疾樘摂M語(yǔ)氣。由句中關(guān)鍵詞“justassoon倒寧愿”的對(duì)應(yīng)知這里應(yīng)該用一般過(guò)去時(shí)來(lái)表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)（即你粗魯?shù)貙?duì)她說(shuō)話(huà)）相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，故D項(xiàng)“youdidn’tspeak”正確。

16.單選題

Althoughnotaneconomisthimself,Dr.Smithhaslongbeenaseverecriticofthegovernment’s—（

）policies.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.economical

B.economic

C.economy

D.economics

【答案】B

【解析】考查形近詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)economical“經(jīng)濟(jì)的，實(shí)惠的，節(jié)儉的”；B選項(xiàng)economic“經(jīng)濟(jì)上的，經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的，有利可圖的”；C選項(xiàng)economy“經(jīng)濟(jì)，經(jīng)濟(jì)情況”；D選項(xiàng)economics“經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)”?？崭裉帪樾稳菰~作定語(yǔ)修飾名詞policies，B選項(xiàng)符合邏輯搭配。句意：史密斯博士本人雖然不是經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家，但長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)一直嚴(yán)厲批評(píng)政府的經(jīng)濟(jì)政策。

17.單選題

IadmitIhavemadeamistake,______Idenytheseriousconsequenceitmayhave.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.so

B.sowill

C.norwill

D.howcan

【答案】C

【解析】考查admit和deny互為反義詞，admit=notdeny，且nor；hardly；innoway；little；scarcely；seldom；never；nomore；nolonger；not；notonly；nosooner；Notonly...butalso；notuntil...等具有否定意義的詞或詞組位于句首，句子用部分倒裝。即是把Inorwilldeny倒裝為norwillIdeny。句意：我承認(rèn)我犯了錯(cuò)誤，也不否認(rèn)它可能造成的嚴(yán)重后果。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

18.單選題

Withtheprospectofcoalandpetroleumsuppliesdepletedandwithairpollutionbecominganincreasingconcern,themajorcountriesoftheworldareseekingalternatesourcesofenergy.Ifameanstoobtainenergyfromwater,especiallyfromtheocean,canbeeffectedeconomically,itwouldfurnishaneverendingsupplyofenergy,since70%oftheearth’ssurfaceisoceanandanother10%isfreshwaterinriversandlakes.

Fromthebeginningoftimemanhasusedwaterpowerasasourceofworkenergy—waterfallsanddam—butthesearefreshwatersourcesandarelandlocked.Theseashavecontributedlittleornothinginthewayofpower.

Theuseoftemperaturevariationbetweencurrentsisoneareaofexploration.Oceanwaterisheatedbythesunneartheequatoranddrawnbytherotationoftheearthtowardthepoles,whereitcoolsanddropstowardtheoceanfloorandstartsitsjourneybacktowardtheequator.Thedifferentialbetweenthetwocurrentsis35degreesto45degreesFahrenheitandtouseit,thescientistsmustfindtheplaceswheretheyrunnearlandandarenottoofarawayfromeachother.OneareathatmeetstheserequirementsistheCaribbeanSea.

America,thegreatestconsumerofenergy,hasbeenworkingonanotherkindofthermalseaenergyproposal.Oneplanwouldsomewhatresembletheoperationofarefrigeratoronavastscale.Warmwaterwouldbetheheatsource,coldwatertheheatsink.

Oceansalsoofferwavepower,tidesandthechemicalpropensitiesofsaltwateraspotentialsourcesofenergy.Alltheseusesaretheoreticallypossible.

Britain’sDepartmentofEnergyisinterestedinwavepower,usingastringof“teardrop”devicesthatdependonveryactivewaveareasand100feetdepths.Inadditiontothis,theBritishareworkingonamethodthattheJapanesehavealreadyputintopracticaluseonasmallscaleforpoweringtheirnavigationalbuoys.Thismethodiscalledanoscillatingwatercolumnandridesthewaveswithaseriesofcylindershavingone-wayairvalves.Wavemovementproducesairunderpressurethathasonlyoneescaperoute—toaturbinethatpowersagenerator.

11.Theuseofwateris______.

12.Inthematterofdevelopingenergyfromoceanwater,Britainis______.

13.ThedevelopmentofwaterpowerfromtheoceanisimportanttoAmericaandRussiabecause______.

14.Gettingenergyfromtheoceanisimportantto______.