考研考博-英語(yǔ)-南京師范大學(xué)中北學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-南京師范大學(xué)中北學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Thisnewlyestablishedinstitutionhastofaceawholerangeofcrimesand（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.femininity

B.prescriptions

C.delinquencies

D.authenticity

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)femininity“女性氣質(zhì)”；B選項(xiàng)prescription“處方，藥方”；C選項(xiàng)delinquency“不法行為，違法行為”；D選項(xiàng)authenticity“真實(shí)性，確實(shí)性”。由and可知空格處與crimes（罪行，犯罪）具有同樣的感情色彩，因此選C。句意：這個(gè)新成立的機(jī)構(gòu)必須面對(duì)一系列的罪行和違法行為。

2.單選題

Takethisbitofseemingly（）advice:Inordertowritequickly,youmustfirstthinkslowly.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.paradoxical

B.contradict

C.parallel

D.disordering

【答案】A

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。paradoxical“矛盾的”符合句意。contradict為動(dòng)詞“與……矛盾”；parallel“平行的”；disordering“無(wú)序的”。句意：采納這條有點(diǎn)矛盾的建議：為了寫作快一點(diǎn)，思考必須慢一點(diǎn)。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

3.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Researchersdisagreeonwhetherthe“useitorloseit”philosophyholdsforcognitiveaging,butthereisoneevidencethatkeepingmentallyactivecanslowage-relateddeclines.AtPennsylvaniaStateUniversity,SherryWillisandherhusband,K.WarnerSchaie,havestudied5000people,somesince1956.Peopleluckyenoughtoavoidchronicdiseasesmayalsofarebetterinintellectualfunction,theyfind,perhapsbecausechronicdiseasescanrestrictlifestyleandreducementalstimulation.Similarly,thoseluckyenoughtoberelativelyaffluentalsofarebetter,perhapsbecausemoneycanbuyintellectuallystimulatingthingsliketravel.

Educationhelpstoo.Researcherssaybecauseitinstillstheconvictionthatyoucanalwayslearnsomethingnew.TheSchaie-Willisteamalsohassomeotherobservations.Beinginastablemarriagewithastimulatingspouse,theysay,helpsmaintainintellectualvigor.

Flexibilitycountstoo.Peoplewhostaymentallyvibrantareoftenthosewhodonotinsistthat“theymustdothingstodayastheydidbefore”Schaiesays.Inneuropsychologicalterms,theabilitytoseeproblemsinnewwaysoftenyieldshigherscoresontestsofmentalfunction.Andpeoplesatisfiedwithlifealsostaymorementallyfit,hesays.

Ifyoufindyourmentalskillssagging,considerworkingonspecificdeficits.WhenWillisgave5-hourstutorialsoninductivereasoningorspatialskillstoabout200peoplewhoseskillshaddeclinedintheprevious14years,40percentregainedlostabilities.Thatadvantageheldupsevenyearslatewhentheywereretested.

Otherwaystostaysharp,Schaiesays,aredoingjigsawpuzzlestohonevisuo-spatialskills,workingcrosswordpuzzlesforverbalskills,andplayingbridgeformemoryandsimplymatchingwitsathomewithplayersonTVgameshows.

Finally,rememberthis.Eventhoughyoumaylosesomementalskillswithnormalaging,youalsogaininonekeyarea:wisdom.Thegrowthofwisdomcontinuesthroughoutthe40s,50sandeven60s.

1.Inthepassage,theauthormainlydiscusses（）.

2.Theword“it”inthesaying“useitorloseit”(paragraph1)refersto（）.

3.Accordingtotheresearchers,whichofthefollowingfactorsaffectscognitiveaging?

4.Fromthispassagewemaysafelyinferthat（）mighthelppreventmentaldeclines.

5.Accordingtotheauthor,allofthefollowingcantrulybesaidaboutwisdomEXCEPTthat（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.theroleofmentalstimulationinpreventingmentalaging

B.graduallossofmentalskillswithnormalaging

C.therelationshipbetweenmentalfunctionandspatialskills

D.effectivewaystokeepintellectualvigor

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.brainpower

B.cognitivedevelopment

C.mentalsimulating

D.intellectualfunction

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Education

B.Chronicillness

C.Standardofliving

D.Alloftheabove

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.physicalexercises

B.socialinterconnections

C.rigiddailyroutines

D.ahealthydiet

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.wisdommaybethoughtofasaspecialformofabilitiesandknowledgecompletelydevelopedwithlifeexperience

B.wisdommaystillgrowevenwhentheprocessofmentalagingstarted

C.wisdomissuperiorinimportancetomentalskillssuchinductivereasoningandspatialskills

D.wisdommakesupanimportantpartofbrainpower

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】第1題:主旨大意題。由題干定位到文章第一段中“thereisoneevidencethatkeepingmentallyactivecanslowage-relateddeclines有證據(jù)表明，保持思維活躍可以減緩與年齡有關(guān)的衰退”，可知A項(xiàng)與原文相符。A項(xiàng)“智力的刺激在防止智力老化方面的作用”；B項(xiàng)“隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)心智能力逐漸喪失”，與原文不符；C項(xiàng)“智力功能和空間技能之間的關(guān)系”，與原文不符；D項(xiàng)“保持智力活力的有效方式”，與原文不符，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

第2題:推理判斷題。由題干定位到文章第一段中“Researchersdisagreeonwhetherthe‘useitorloseit’philosophyholdsforcognitiveaging,butthereisoneevidencethatkeepingmentallyactivecanslowage-relateddeclines.研究人員對(duì)‘要么使用它，要么失去它’的理論是否適用于認(rèn)知老化持不同意見，但有證據(jù)表明，保持思維活躍可以減緩與年齡有關(guān)的衰退?！笨赏浦猧t在這里指代“智力的能力”。A項(xiàng)“腦力”；B項(xiàng)“認(rèn)知的發(fā)展”；C項(xiàng)“腦力的模擬”；D項(xiàng)“智力功能”，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

第3題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干定位到文章第一段中“Peopleluckyenoughtoavoidchronicdiseasesmayalsofarebetterinintellectualfunction幸運(yùn)地沒有患慢性疾病的人在智力功能方面可能進(jìn)展得更好”可知B項(xiàng)“慢性疾病”與原文相符；由第一段中“thoseluckyenoughtoberelativelyaffluentalsofarebetter那些足夠幸運(yùn)的相對(duì)富裕的人也過(guò)得更好”可知C項(xiàng)“生活水平”與原文相符；由第二段中“Educationhelpstoo教育也有幫助”可知A項(xiàng)“教育”與原文相符，A、B、C選項(xiàng)均正確。A項(xiàng)“教育”；B項(xiàng)“慢性疾病”；C項(xiàng)“生活水平”；D項(xiàng)“以上所有各項(xiàng)”，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

第4題:推理判斷題。由題干定位到文章第五段中“Otherwaystostaysharp…playingbridgeformemoryandsimplymatchingwitsathomewithplayersonTVgameshows.還有其他保持思維敏捷的方法……比如靠記憶打橋牌，或者在家與電視游戲節(jié)目中的玩家斗智。”可知B項(xiàng)“社會(huì)聯(lián)系”與原文相符。A項(xiàng)“身體鍛煉”；B項(xiàng)“社會(huì)聯(lián)系”；C項(xiàng)“固定的日常生活”；D項(xiàng)“健康的飲食”，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

第5題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干定位到文章最后一段中“Eventhoughyoumaylosesomementalskillswithnormalaging,youalsogaininonekeyarea:wisdom.Thegrowthofwisdomcontinuesthroughoutthe40s,50sandeven60s.雖然隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)，你可能會(huì)失去一些心智能力，但你也會(huì)在一個(gè)關(guān)鍵領(lǐng)域獲得收獲：智慧。在40、50，甚至60歲，心智力都在不斷增長(zhǎng)。”，可知A項(xiàng)“智慧可以被認(rèn)為是完全由生活經(jīng)驗(yàn)發(fā)展而來(lái)的能力和知識(shí)的一種特殊形式”、B項(xiàng)“即使大腦開始老化，智慧仍然會(huì)增長(zhǎng)”及D項(xiàng)“智慧是腦力的重要組成部分”均與原文相符；而C項(xiàng)“智慧的重要性高于歸納推理和空間技能等心理技能”原文并未提及，因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

4.單選題

Nowthatspringishere,youcan（

）thesefurcoatstillyouneedthemagainnextwinter.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.putover

B.putaway

C.putoff

D.putdown

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。putover“推遲，駛過(guò)”；putaway“放好，把……收好”；putoff“推遲，拖延”；putdown“放下，記下”。句意：春天來(lái)了，你可以把這些皮外套給收起來(lái)，直到來(lái)年冬天再拿出來(lái)。B項(xiàng)符合句意。答案B

5.單選題

Iintendtomovethatourcommittee（）Jimaschairman,andIhopethatyouwillsecondmymotion.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.willappoint

B.appoints

C.appoint

D.appointed

【答案】C

【解析】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。Move在這里表示（在會(huì)上）提議、建議。在表建議、命令、要求和愿望的動(dòng)詞后面，賓語(yǔ)從句要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣:should+動(dòng)詞原形的用法，should可省略。選項(xiàng)C正確。句意：我提議委員會(huì)任命Jim為主席，我希望你能支持我的建議。

6.單選題

Theyaremeticulousinwork,wellawareacarelessmistakewillcostthecompanymillionsofpounds.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.rathercasual

B.prettyslow

C.verycarefully

D.reallyconsiderate

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞和詞組辨析。meticulous“小心翼翼的；A選項(xiàng)rathercasual“非常隨便的”；B選項(xiàng)prettyslow“相當(dāng)慢的”；C選項(xiàng)verycarefully“非常小心地”；D選項(xiàng)reallyconsiderate“確實(shí)體貼的”。句意：在工作中，他們小心翼翼，很清楚一個(gè)粗心的錯(cuò)誤將花費(fèi)公司數(shù)百萬(wàn)英鎊。由題干中的“wellaware很清楚”可知meticulous在這里為“小心翼翼的”的意思，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

7.單選題

Thedoctorenjoyedbothhisworkandhislife.Hehadneverfeltany______betweenthesetwothings.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.conflict

B.constrict

C.construct

D.constraint

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)conflict“矛盾心態(tài)；（信念、觀點(diǎn)、利益之間的）沖突”；B選項(xiàng)constrict“約束；收縮”；C選項(xiàng)construct“建造；構(gòu)造”；D選項(xiàng)constraint“限制；約束”。句意：這位醫(yī)生熱愛他的工作和生活。在這兩件事之間，他從未感覺到任何______。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，同時(shí)熱愛工作和生活，表明這兩者沒有矛盾，conflict“矛盾心態(tài)；（信念、觀點(diǎn)、利益之間的）沖突”符合題意。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

8.單選題

Underthepresentsystem,stateenterprisesmust____allprofitstothegovernment.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.turndown

B.turnup

C.turnout

D.turnin

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.turndown減??；關(guān)?。徽{(diào)低B.turnup出現(xiàn)；發(fā)生；開大

C.turnout最后是；結(jié)果是D.turnin上交；歸還

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】詞組辨析。

【解題思路】句意：在現(xiàn)行制度下，國(guó)有企業(yè)必須將所有利潤(rùn)……政府。國(guó)營(yíng)企業(yè)上繳利潤(rùn)收入指國(guó)營(yíng)企業(yè)以利潤(rùn)等形式上繳給國(guó)家的預(yù)算收入。因此根據(jù)句意，國(guó)有企業(yè)所獲得的利潤(rùn)要交給政府。因此選D。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、C選項(xiàng)均不符合句意。

【句意】在現(xiàn)行制度下，國(guó)有企業(yè)必須將所有利潤(rùn)上繳政府。

9.單選題

Lookingahead,hedecidedto（）hispresentjob.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.stickto

B.stickup

C.stickwith

D.stickdown

【答案】A

【解析】句意:考慮得長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)些，他決定堅(jiān)持做目前的工作。

考查短語(yǔ)辨析。stickto堅(jiān)持;stickup豎起;stickwith繼續(xù)做…；stickdown把…寫下來(lái)，放下。因此A項(xiàng)符合句意。

10.單選題

Europe’searlierindustrialgrowthwas（

）bytheavailabilityofkeyresources,abundantandcheaplabor,coal,ironore,etc.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.constrained

B.remained

C.sustained

D.drained

【答案】C

【解析】考察動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。constrain“束縛，驅(qū)使”；remain“保持”；sustain“維持”；drain“耗盡”。句意：歐洲早期的工業(yè)增長(zhǎng)使靠唾手可得的主要資源、充足而又廉價(jià)的勞動(dòng)力，煤礦、鐵礦等的支撐。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

11.單選題

TheforeignstudentinChinais______withagooddealofChineseculture.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.scattered

B.overflowed

C.permeated

D.manipulated

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.scattered分散的；零散的B.overflowed溢出的；擠滿的

C.permeated全面影響；彌漫

D.manipulated操作；控制

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞和動(dòng)詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵信息withagooddealofChineseculture（豐富的中國(guó)文化）可推知，中國(guó)的留學(xué)生受到中國(guó)文化的影響，故該題選擇C項(xiàng)符合句意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、D項(xiàng)不符合句意。

【句意】在中國(guó)的外國(guó)學(xué)生深受中國(guó)文化的熏陶。

12.單選題

A______changeinpolicyisneededifrelationsareevertoimprove.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.strict

B.wide

C.ever

D.radical

【答案】D

【解析】【試題解析】考查詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)strict“嚴(yán)格的”；B選項(xiàng)wide“廣闊的”；C選項(xiàng)ever“永遠(yuǎn)”，副詞，不修飾名詞；D選項(xiàng)radical“徹底的”。句意：要想改善兩國(guó)關(guān)系，就必須______改變政策。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，D選項(xiàng)radical“徹底的”搭配change比較合理，指的是要改變關(guān)系就要在政策上改變。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

13.單選題

Inspiteofmyrepeatedapologies,sheneverforgavemeformy（

）herprivateaffairs.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.potentialfor

B.expertiseof

C.intrusioninto

D.injectioninto

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)potentialfor“有……潛能/可能”；B選項(xiàng)expertiseof“……專業(yè)技能/知識(shí)”；C選項(xiàng)intrusioninto“侵入，侵犯，侵?jǐn)_”；D選項(xiàng)injectioninto“注射，注入”。由privateaffairs（隱私）可知C選項(xiàng)符合邏輯搭配。句意：盡管我一再道歉，但她不會(huì)原諒我侵犯了她的隱私。

14.單選題

Allthelivingorganisms,regardlessoftheiruniqueidentity,havecertainbiological,chemical,andphysicalcharacteristicsincommon.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.asaresult

B.considering

C.whatever

D.onpurpose

【答案】C

【解析】考查短語(yǔ)辨析。A選項(xiàng)asaresult“結(jié)果”；B選項(xiàng)considering“考慮到……”；C選項(xiàng)whatever“無(wú)論什么，不管怎樣”；D選項(xiàng)onpurpose“故意地”。句意：所有的生物體，不論其獨(dú)特的特性如何，都有某些共同的生物、化學(xué)和物理特性。根據(jù)句意，可以看出C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

15.單選題

AlanPattonfoundthatinsuchaquick-fixedsociety,somepeopleevendon’tbothertoreadamasterpiece（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.inthedetail

B.inthedetails

C.indetail

D.indetails

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查固定搭配。C選項(xiàng)indetail“詳細(xì)地”，介詞短語(yǔ)能做狀語(yǔ)；D選項(xiàng)indetails“逐個(gè)地”，一般和動(dòng)詞搭配使用，表示一部分一部分地處理。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“bothertoreadamasterpiece辛苦地去讀著作”，可知空格部分indetail符合題意，句意為：阿蘭?帕頓發(fā)現(xiàn)在這樣一個(gè)快節(jié)奏的社會(huì)，一些人甚至懶得詳細(xì)地去讀某部著作。故正確答案選C。

16.單選題

Ifpeopledidn'tperspire,theywoulddieinfiveminutes.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.breathe

B.eat

C.sweat

D.drink

【答案】C

【解析】句意：如果人們不流汗，他們將在五分鐘內(nèi)死去。perspire意為使排汗，分泌出。只有選項(xiàng)C與之意思相近。

17.單選題

8.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Acustomsofficer.

B.Theman'smother.

C.Aschoolheadmaster.

D.Animmigrationofficer.

【答案】D

【解析】W:Weunderstandthatyouarenotattendingschool.

M:I’vebeenattending,but,I’vebeensickrecently.

W:You’veattendedonlythreedayssincelastJuly.

M:Threedays?No.It’sbeenmorethanthat.

W:Wearegoingtohavetotakeawayyourvisa.

Q:Whatisthewoman?

【解析】推斷題。女士說(shuō)：Wearegoingtohavetotakeawayyourvisa(我們得收回你的簽證)，說(shuō)明女士是一名移民官。

18.單選題

Therearesuperstitionsattachedtonumbers;eventhoseancientGreeksbelievedthatallnumbersandtheirmultipleshadsomemysticalsignificance.

Thosenumbersbetween1and13wereinparticulartohaveapowerfulinfluenceovertheaffairsofmen.

Forexample,itiscommonlysaidthatluck,goodorbad,comesinthrees;ifanaccidenthappens,twomoreofthesamekindmaybeexpectedsoonafterwards.Thearrivalofaletterwillbefollowedbytwootherswithinacertainperiod.

Anotherbeliefinvolvingthenumberthreehasitthatitisunluckytolightthreecigarettesfromtheonematch.Ifthishappens,thebadluckthatgoeswiththedeedfallsuponthepersonwhosecigarettewasthelasttobelit.Theill-omenlinkedtothelightingofthreethingsfromonematchorcandlegoesbacktoatleastthe17thcenturyandprobablyearlier.Itwasbelievedthatthreecandlesalightatthesametimewouldbesuretobringbadluck;one,two,orfour,werepermissible,butneverjustthree.

Sevenwasanothersignificantnumber,usuallyregardedasabringerofgoodluck.Theancientastrologersbelievedthattheuniversewasgovernedbysevenplanets;studentsofShakespearewillrecallthatthelifeofmanwasdividedintosevenages.Sevenhorseshoesnailedtoahousewillprotectitfromallevil.

Nineisusuallythoughtofasaluckynumberbecauseitistheproductofthreetimesthree.ItwasmuchusedbytheAngloSaxonsintheircharmsforhealing.

Anotherbeliefwasthatgreatchangesoccurredevery7thand9thofaman'slife.Consequently,theageof63(theproductofnineandseven)wasthoughtlobeaveryperiloustimeforhim.Ifhesurvivedhis63rdyearhemighthopetolivetoaripeoldage.

Thirteen,aswewellknow,isregardedwithgreataweandfear.

Thecommonbeliefisthatthisderivesfromthefactthattherewere13peopleatChrist’sLastSupper.Thisbeingtheeveofhisbetrayal,itisnotdifficulttounderstandthesignificancegiventothenumberbytheearlyChristians.

Inmoremodemtimes13isanespeciallyunluckynumberofadinnerparty,forexample.Hotelswillavoidnumberingafloorthe13th;theprogressionisfrom12to14,andnoroomisgiventhenumber13.Manyhomeownerswilluse121/2insteadof13astheirhousenumber.

Yetoddlyenough,tobebornonthe13thofthemonthisnotregardedwithanyfearatall,whichjustshowshowirrationalweareinoursuperstitiousbeliefs.

1.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowinggroupsofnumberswillcertainlybringgoodlucktopeople?

2.Theillluckassociatedwith13issupposedtohaveitsoriginin.

3.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardspeople’ssuperstitiousbeliefs?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.3and7.

B.3and9.

C.7and9.

D.3and13.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.legend

B.religion

C.popularbelief

D.certaincustoms

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Heismildlycritical.

B.Heisstronglycritical.

C.Heisinfavorofthem.

D.Hisattitudeisnotclear.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第五段中的Sevenwasanothersignificantnumber,usuallyregardedasabringerofgoodluck.（七是另一個(gè)重要的數(shù)字，通常被認(rèn)為是好運(yùn)的使者）和第六段中的Nineisusuallythoughtofasaluckynumber（九通常被認(rèn)為是一個(gè)幸運(yùn)的數(shù)字）可知數(shù)字七與九代表好運(yùn)，因此選C。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章倒數(shù)第三段中的Thecommonbeliefisthatthisderivesfromthefactthattherewere13peopleatChrist’sLastSupper.（人們普遍認(rèn)為這個(gè)數(shù)字起源于耶穌最后的晚餐中有13人的事實(shí)）可知13這個(gè)數(shù)字來(lái)源于宗教，因此選B。

3.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。由文章最后一段中的Yetoddlyenough,tobebornonthe13thofthemonthisnotregardedwithanyfearatall,whichjustshowshowirrationalweareinoursuperstitiousbeliefs.（但奇怪的是，出生在13號(hào)的人一點(diǎn)也不害怕，這恰恰說(shuō)明我們迷信的觀念是多么的不理智）可知作者對(duì)迷信帶有點(diǎn)批判的態(tài)度，因此選A。

19.單選題

Itisaninescapablefactthattomostpeople______whenfailingpowersofmindorbodymakeitimpossibleforthemtomanagetheirdailyliveswithoutsomesortofhelp.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.whosetimecomes

B.forwhomtimecomes

C.itcomestime

D.therecomesatime

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.whosetimecomes……的時(shí)候到了B.forwhomtimecomes對(duì)于某人來(lái)說(shuō)時(shí)候到了

C.itcomestime時(shí)候到了D.therecomesatime有這么一個(gè)時(shí)候

【考查點(diǎn)】固定句式。

【解題思路】由空格后面的when可知，therecomesatimewhen…為常用的固定句式，表示“……時(shí)候到了，有這么一個(gè)時(shí)候……”。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

Fact后面是that引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句，不能用whose或者whom來(lái)充當(dāng)從句中的主語(yǔ)，A、B選項(xiàng)不符合從句語(yǔ)法；

C選項(xiàng)沒有這個(gè)用法，排除。

【句意】對(duì)大多數(shù)人來(lái)說(shuō)，有這么一個(gè)時(shí)候，當(dāng)心智或身體力量的衰退使他們?cè)跊]有某種幫助的情況下無(wú)法管理他們的日常生活，這是一個(gè)不可避免的事實(shí)。

20.單選題

Youradvicewouldbe（

）valuabletohim,whoisnowatalossastowhattodofirst.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.exceedingly

B.excessively

C.extensively

D.exclusively

【答案】A

【解析】考查形近詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)exceedingly“非常，極其”；B選項(xiàng)excessively“過(guò)度地”；C選項(xiàng)extensively“廣大地，廣泛地”；D選項(xiàng)exclusively“唯一地”。根據(jù)valuable（很重要的，寶貴的）可知A選項(xiàng)最為恰當(dāng)，表示“非常有價(jià)值”。句意：你的建議對(duì)他非常有價(jià)值，因?yàn)樗F(xiàn)在不知道該先做什么。

21.單選題

Aloneinadesertedhouse,hewassobusywithhisresearchworkthathefelt（）butlonely.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.nothing

B.anything

C.all

D.everything

【答案】B

【解析】不定代詞的用法。nothingbut只有，只不過(guò)；anythingbut根本不，絕不；allbut幾乎，差一點(diǎn)兒；沒有everythingbut的用法，排除。句意：他獨(dú)自一個(gè)人在一所廢棄的房子里，忙于研究工作，一點(diǎn)兒也不感到孤獨(dú)。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

22.單選題

Althoughcatscannotseeincompletedarkness,theireyesaremuchmore_______tolightthanhumaneyes.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.glowing

B.sensitive

C.brilliant

D.gloomy

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)glowing“灼熱的；熱情洋溢的；鮮艷的”；B選項(xiàng)sensitive“敏感的；感覺的；靈敏的；感光的；易受傷害的；易受影響的”；C選項(xiàng)brilliant“燦爛的，閃耀的；杰出的；有才氣的；精彩的，絕妙的”；D選項(xiàng)gloomy“黑暗的；沮喪的；陰郁的”。句意：雖然貓?jiān)谕耆诎抵锌床灰姈|西，但它們的眼睛比人眼對(duì)光更敏感。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

23.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish

中國(guó)央行數(shù)據(jù)顯示，去年影子銀行融資占世界第二大經(jīng)濟(jì)體融資總量的近三分之一，凸顯中國(guó)影了銀行業(yè)的崛起。中國(guó)人民銀行表示，去年來(lái)自信托公司和影子銀行部門其他實(shí)體的融資金額創(chuàng)下歷史紀(jì)錄，占到全年總?cè)谫Y規(guī)模17.3萬(wàn)億元人民幣(臺(tái)2.9萬(wàn)億美元)的30%，髙于2012年23%的比重。

中國(guó)的影子銀行部門對(duì)地方政府債務(wù)的迅速增長(zhǎng)起到了助推作用。地方政府近年紛紛建立表外工具借款，為開發(fā)項(xiàng)目提供資金支持。據(jù)中國(guó)國(guó)家審計(jì)署近期的一份報(bào)告似計(jì)，截至去年6月底，地方政府債務(wù)已接近3萬(wàn)億美元，比2010年年底上一次審計(jì)時(shí)增長(zhǎng)了70%。

【答案】TheriseofChina’sshadowbankingsectorhasbeenthrownintosharpreliefbydatafromthecentralbankshowingthatitaccountsfornearlyone-thirdofaggregatefinancingintheworld’ssecond-biggesteconomy.Fundingfromtrustcompaniesandotherentitiesintheshadowsectorrosetoitshighestlevelonrecordandaccountedfor30percentoftheRMB17.3tn($2.9tn)intotalcreditissuedlastyear,thePeople’sBankofChinasaid,upfroma23percentshareofaggregatefinancingin2012.

China’sshadowbankingsectorhashelpedfuelanalarmingrun-upinthedebtowedbylocalgovernments,whichhaveestablishedoff-balance-sheetvehiclestoborrowmoneyfordevelopmentprojects.ArecentreportbyChina’sNationalAuditOfficeestimatedthatlocalgovernmentdebtshadreachedalmost$3tnbyJunelastyear,rising70percentfromthepreviousauditattheendof2010.

24.單選題

TheUnitedStatesandCanadaarelandsof（

）exceptfortheIndians,whoaretheonlytruenatives.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.emigrants

B.immigrants

C.dwellers

D.inhabitants

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。emigrants“移民（移出）”；immigrants“移民（移入）”；dwellers“居民，居住者”；inhabitants“本地居民，土著居民”。句意：美國(guó)和加拿大是移民的土地，除了印第安人，他們是唯一真正的土著人美國(guó)和加拿大擁有除了了土著居民和印第安人以為的大量移民。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

25.單選題

TheheadoftheMuseumwas（）andletusactuallyexaminetheancientmanuscripts.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.promising

B.agreeing

C.pleasing

D.obliging

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)promising表示“有希望的；有前途的”，B選項(xiàng)agreeing表示“贊成，同意”，C選項(xiàng)pleasing表示“令人高興的，合意的”，D選項(xiàng)obliging表示“親切友善的，樂于助人的”。由后文可知，博物館負(fù)責(zé)人讓我們查閱了那些古代的手抄本，所以他應(yīng)該是親切友善的，故本題正確答案為D選項(xiàng)。

26.單選題

Weneedachairman（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.forwhomeveryonehasconfidence

B.inwhomeveryonehasconfidence

C.whoeveryonehasconfidenceof

D.whomeveryonehasconfidenceon

【答案】B

【解析】句意:我們需要一個(gè)每個(gè)人都對(duì)他有信心的主席。

語(yǔ)法題?？疾槎ㄕZ(yǔ)從句?？崭袂懊娌糠纸Y(jié)構(gòu)已經(jīng)完整，而且結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，空格部分是定語(yǔ)從句。由“haveconfidenceinsomebody”表示“對(duì)某人有信心”可知，先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)，即whom指代chairman，并且將介詞in提前。故選B。

27.單選題

Iwouldprefertospendtheweekendathome______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.ratherthandriveout

B.thantodriveout

C.ratherthandroveout

D.todrivingout

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。prefertodoratherthando“寧可做……而不做”，A選項(xiàng)ratherthandriveout符合題意。其余選項(xiàng)用法錯(cuò)誤。句意：我寧愿在家度周末也不愿開車出去。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

28.單選題

（）theoldprofessorisstillworkinghardinhislabdayandnight.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Asoldheis

B.Oldasheis

C.Howeverheisold

D.Thougholdishe

【答案】B

【解析】考查讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。However引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句置于句首時(shí)需要倒裝，Though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句置于句首時(shí)不需要倒裝，由此可首先排除選項(xiàng)C和選項(xiàng)D；as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句置于句首時(shí)，需將表語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)提前構(gòu)成倒裝。所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

29.單選題

Asseriousassheisaboutthebullfight,shedoesnotallowrespectto（

）hersenseofwhimsywhenpaintingit.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.suppress

B.inspire

C.satisfy

D.provoke

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。suppress“抑制；廢止”；inspire“激發(fā)；鼓舞”；satisfy“滿足”；provoke“激怒”。句意：盡管她將斗牛視為嚴(yán)肅的事情，但在用繪畫形式表現(xiàn)它時(shí)，她并沒有讓敬意遏制自己的奇思異想。由Asseriousassheisaboutthebullfight及notallowrespect可知“抑制”符合語(yǔ)境。As在句中表讓步關(guān)系。

30.單選題

7.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Sheisgivingthemananinjection.

B.Sheislisteningtotheman’sheart.

C.Sheisfeelingtheman’spulse.

D.Sheishelpingthemanstopshivering.

【答案】B

【解析】M:Ooh,that’scold!

W:Don’tworry,it’sjustmystethoscope[?steθ?sko?p].

Q:Whatisthewomandoing?

【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。關(guān)鍵在于對(duì)話中的單詞stethoscope（聽診器），故選B。

31.單選題

Inthemid-nineteenth,theUnitedStateshadtremendousnaturalresourcesthatcouldbeexploitedinordertodevelopheavyindustry.Mostoftherawmaterialsthatarevaluableinthemanufactureofmachinery,transportationfacilities,andconsumergoodslayreadytobeworkedintowealth.Iron,coal,andoil—thebasicingredientsofindustrialgrowth—wereplentifulandneededonlytheapplicationoftechnicalexpertise,organizationalskill,andlabor.

Onecrucialdevelopmentinthismovementtowardindustrializationwasthegrowthoftherailroads.TherailwaynetworkexpandedrapidlyuntiltherailroadmapoftheUnitedStateslookedlikeaspider’sweb,withthesteelfilamentsconnectingallimportantsourcesofrawmaterials,theirplacesofmanufacture,andtheircentersofdistribution.Therailroadscontributedtotheindustrialgrowthnotonlybyconnectingthesemajorcenters,butalsobythemselvesconsumingenormousamountsoffuel,iron,andcoal.

Manyfactorsinfluencedtheemergingmodesofproduction.Forexample,machinetools,thetoolsusedtomakegoods,weresteadilyimprovedinthelatterpartofthenineteenthcentury—alwayswithaneyetospeedierproductionandlowerunitcosts.Theproductsofthefactorieswererapidlyabsorbedbythegrowingcitiesthatshelteredtheworkersandthedistributors.Theincreasedurbanpopulationwasnourishedbytheincreasedfarmproductionthat,inturn,wasmademoreproductivebytheuseofthenewfarmmachinery.AmericanagriculturalproductionkeptupwiththeurbandemandandstillhadsurplusesforsaletotheindustrialcentersofEurope.

ThelaborthatranthefactoriesandbuilttherailwayswasrecruitedinpartfromAmericanfarmareaswherepeoplewerebeingdisplacedbyfarmmachinery,inpartfromAsia,andinpartfromEurope.EuropenowbegantosendtidesofimmigrantsfromeasternandsouthernEurope—mostofwhomwereoriginallypoorfarmersbutwhosettledinAmericanindustrialcities.ThemoneytofinancethistremendousexpansionoftheAmericaneconomystillcamefromEuropeanfinanciersforthemostpart,buttheAmericanswereapproachingthedaywhentheirexpansioncouldbefinancedintheirown“moneymarket”.

1.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

2.Whydoestheauthormention“aspider’sweb”inPara.2?

3.Accordingtothepassage,whowerethebiggestconsumersofmanufacturedproducts?

4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueofUnitedStatesfarmersinthenineteenthcentury?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.ThehistoryofrailroadsintheUnitedStates

B.ThemajorUnitedStatesindustrialcenters

C.FactorsthataffectedindustrializationintheUnitedStates

D.Theroleofagricultureinthenineteenthcentury

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Toemphasizetherailroad’sconsumptionofoilandcoal.

B.Todescribethecomplexstructureoftherailwaysystem.

C.Toexplaintheproblemsbroughtonbyrailwayexpansion.

D.Todescribethedifficultiesinvolvedinthedistributionofrawmaterials.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Railwayworkers

B.Farmers

C.Europeans

D.Citydwellers

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Theylostsomejobsbecauseofmechanization.

B.Theyraisedtheirproductivitybyusingnewmachinery.

C.TheysoldfoodtoEuropeancountries.

D.Theywereunabletoproducesufficientfoodforurbanareas.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:D

【解析】1.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】主旨大意題。定位在第二段中Onecrucialdevelopmentinthismovementtowardindustrializationwasthegrowthoftherailroads.（在美國(guó)工業(yè)化的過(guò)程中一個(gè)關(guān)鍵的發(fā)展是鐵路的發(fā)展。）以及全文都在介紹影響美國(guó)工業(yè)化的因素（如鐵、煤和石油等原材料、勞動(dòng)力等）綜合而知，C選項(xiàng)“影響美國(guó)工業(yè)化的因素”正確，符合題意。A選項(xiàng)“美國(guó)的鐵路發(fā)展史”，B選項(xiàng)“美國(guó)主要的工業(yè)中心”及D選項(xiàng)“農(nóng)業(yè)在19世紀(jì)的角色”在文中均未提及，可排除。故選C。

2.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。定位在第二段中TherailwaynetworkexpandedrapidlyuntiltherailroadmapoftheUnitedStateslookedlikeaspider’sweb,withthesteelfilamentsconnectingallimportantsourcesofrawmaterials,theirplacesofmanufacture,andtheircentersofdistribution.（鐵路網(wǎng)迅速擴(kuò)張，直到美國(guó)的鐵路地圖看起來(lái)像一張蜘蛛網(wǎng)，這些鋼鐵絲狀物將原材料產(chǎn)地，原材料的生產(chǎn)和配送中心連在一起。）由此可知，美國(guó)的鐵路路線多，且像蜘蛛網(wǎng)一樣結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜。因此B選項(xiàng)“去描述鐵路系統(tǒng)的復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)”正確，符合題意。A選項(xiàng)“去強(qiáng)調(diào)鐵路對(duì)石油和煤炭的消耗”，C選項(xiàng)“去解釋鐵路擴(kuò)張帶來(lái)的問(wèn)題”，D選項(xiàng)“去描述原材料配送中涉及的困難”均不符合題意，可排除。故選B。

3.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。定位到文章的第三段Theproductsofthefactorieswererapidlyabsorbedbythegrowingcitiesthatshelteredtheworkersandthedistributors.（工廠的這些產(chǎn)品很快被居住了工人和批發(fā)商的城市所消耗。）工廠產(chǎn)品的最大消費(fèi)者是居住在那里的人。因此D選項(xiàng)“城市居住者”正確，符合題意。A選項(xiàng)“鐵路工人”，B選項(xiàng)“農(nóng)民”，C選項(xiàng)“歐洲人”，均不符合題意，可排除。故選D。

4.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段中AmericanagriculturalproductionkeptupwiththeurbandemandandstillhadsurplusesforsaletotheindustrialcentersofEurope.（美國(guó)的農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)趕得上美國(guó)城市的需求，且仍然有剩余以銷售到歐洲的工業(yè)中心。）可知D選項(xiàng)“他們不能為城市生產(chǎn)足夠的食物”錯(cuò)誤，與原文不符。也能夠知道C選項(xiàng)“他們將食物銷售到歐洲國(guó)家”正確，與原文相符。由第三段中的倒數(shù)第二句Theincreasedurbanpopulationwasnourishedbytheincreasedfarmproductionthat,inturn,wasmademoreproductivebytheuseofthenewfarmmachinery.（城市人口的增加得益于農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)的增加，反過(guò)來(lái)，農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)因新的農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械的使用而變得更多產(chǎn)）可知B選項(xiàng)“他們通過(guò)使用新機(jī)械而提高了生產(chǎn)力”正確，與原文相符。由最后一段中ThelaborthatranthefactoriesandbuilttherailwayswasrecruitedinpartfromAmericanfarmareaswherepeoplewerebeingdisplacedbyfarmmachinery,inpartfromAsia,andinpartfromEurope.（工廠運(yùn)行和鐵路建設(shè)的勞動(dòng)力部分來(lái)自美國(guó)的農(nóng)村地區(qū)，那里的人正被農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械所取代，一部分來(lái)自于亞洲，一部分來(lái)自歐洲。）可知A選項(xiàng)“他們由于機(jī)械化而失去了一些工作”，正確，與原文相符。故選D。

32.單選題

IwasawfullytiredwhenIgothomefromwork,butahalfhournap（

）me.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.revived

B.released

C.relieved

D.recovered

【答案】A

【解析】考查近義詞辨析。revive使恢復(fù)體力（或精力、活力等）；release釋放，發(fā)布；relieve緩解，減輕；recover恢復(fù)健康。句意：我下班回家的時(shí)候非常累，但睡了半小時(shí)后我又有精神了。由but可知前后句為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，前半句提到“非常疲勞”，后半句句意應(yīng)與之相反，再?gòu)摹癮halfhournap”可推知睡半小時(shí)后恢復(fù)了體力。故A項(xiàng)正確。答案A

33.單選題

Sportisnotonlyphysicallychallenging,butitcanalsobementallychallenging.Criticismfromcoaches,parents,andotherteammates,aswellaspressuretowincancreateanexcessiveamountofanxietyorstressforyoungathletes.Stresscanbephysical,emotional,orpsychological,andresearchhasindicatedthatitcanleadtoburnout.Burnouthasbeendescribedasdroppingorquittingofanactivitythatwasatonetimeenjoyable.

Theearlyyearsofdevelopmentarecriticalyearsforlearningaboutoneself.Thesportsettingissomewherevaluableexperiencescantakeplace.Youngathletescan,forexample,learnhowtocooperatewithothers,makefriends,andgainothersocialskillsthatwillbeusedthroughouttheirlives.Coachesandparentsshouldbeaware,atalltimes,thattheirfeedbacktoyoungsterscangreatlyaffecttheirchildren.Youngstersmaytaketheirparents’andcoaches’criticismstoheartandfindaflawinthemselves.

Coachesandparentsshouldalsobecautiousthatyouthsportparticipationdoesnotbecomeworkforchildren.Theoutcomeofthegameshouldnotbemoreimportantthantheprocessoflearningthesportandotherlifelessons.Intoday’syouthsportsetting,youngathletesmaybeworryingmoreaboutwhowillwininsteadofenjoyingthemselvesandthesport.Followingagamemanyparentsandcoachesfocusontheoutcomeandfindfaultwithyoungsters’performances.Positivereinforcementshouldbeprovidedregardlessoftheoutcome.Researchindicatesthatpositivereinforcementmotivatesandhasagreatereffectonlearningthancriticism.Again,criticismcancreatehighlevelsofstress,whichcanleadtoburnout.

1.Aneffectivewaytopreventtheburnoutofyoungathletesis（）.

2.Accordingtothepassagesportispositiveforyoungpeopleinthat（）.

3.Manycoachesandparentsareinthehabitofcriticizingyoungathletes（）.

4.Accordingtothepassageparentsandcoachesshould（）.

5.Theauthor’spurposeinwritingthepassageis（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.toreducetheirmentalstress

B.toincreasetheirsenseofsuccess

C.tomakesportslesscompetitive

D.tomakesportsmorechallenging

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.itcanhelpthemlearnmoreaboutsociety

B.itenablesthemtofindfla