考研考博-英語-安徽農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)考試押題卷含答案詳解3

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-安徽農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Adegreeof____betweennursesandpatientsandtheirrelativescanbeconsideredanadvantageinconvincingpeopletovolunteerasdonors.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.estrangement

B.adversary

C.hostility

D.intimacy

【答案】D

【解析】考查上下文語義。A選項(xiàng)estrangement“疏遠(yuǎn)；失和”；B選項(xiàng)adversary“對手；敵手”；C選項(xiàng)hostility“敵意”；D選項(xiàng)intimacy“親密”。句意：護(hù)士和患者及其親屬之間的____程度有利于說服人們成為志愿捐贈者。根據(jù)后文beconsideredanadvantage“被認(rèn)為是一種優(yōu)勢”，可推斷護(hù)士和患者及其親屬之間的關(guān)系應(yīng)該是好的，D選項(xiàng)intimacy“親密”最符合句意。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為D。

2.單選題

Withtechnologicalchanges,manytraditionalskillshavebecome（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.isolated

B.absolute

C.obsolete

D.obsessive

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)isolated“孤立的；孤獨(dú)的；單獨(dú)的”；B選項(xiàng)absolute“完全的；絕對的”；C選項(xiàng)obsolete“淘汰的，過時的”；D選項(xiàng)obsessive“癡迷的，迷戀的；過度的”。填入形容詞做表語，說明traditionalskills“傳統(tǒng)技藝”，由關(guān)鍵信息technologicalchanges可知obsolete“淘汰的，過時的”符合題意，句意為：隨著技術(shù)的進(jìn)步，許多傳統(tǒng)技藝已經(jīng)過時了。故答案選C。

3.單選題

WithschoolleaversandgraduatesinChinanowmainlyfreeto______intheworldofwork,thenumberofyoungpeoplestartinguptheirownbusinesshasincreasedrapidly.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.maketheirownway

B.followtheirownpath

C.leadahappylife

D.learnagoodlesson

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)maketheirownway“走出自己的路”；B選項(xiàng)followtheirownpath“跟隨自己的路”；C選項(xiàng)leadahappylife“通往幸福的生活”；D選項(xiàng)learnagoodlesson“功課學(xué)得好，好好上一課”。句意：隨著中國的輟學(xué)生和畢業(yè)生在工作中基本上可以自由______，自主創(chuàng)業(yè)的年輕人數(shù)量迅速增加。根據(jù)語境，這里指的是這些學(xué)生可以自己開創(chuàng)自己的道路，A選項(xiàng)maketheirownway“走出自己的路”符合題意。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

IcanspeakFrenchalittlebut（

）you.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.notasgoodas

B.notsowellthan

C.notsobetteras

D.notsowellas

【答案】D

【解析】詞組辨析。句意：我會講一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)法語但是（）你。這里屬于同級比較，所以排除B，C。這里的謂語動詞是speak，所以要用副詞well修飾，答案選D。在否定句里，good的同級比較是sogoodas，所以A不能選。

5.單選題

Anothertrendofthe1990sinthecomputerindustryistowardmultimediaformats,asthemarketforconventionaltypesofcomputer-thosethathavecomputationanddataprocessingastheirmajorfunctions-hasbeguntobecomesaturated.Multimediacomputersaresystemsthatcanprocessgraphics,sound,video,andanimationinadditiontotraditionaldataprocessing.Videocassetterecorders,televisions,telephones,andaudiocassetteplayershaverecentlyundergoneachangeintechnologyfromanalogtodigitalformats.Televisionimages,forexample,canbeprocessedbycomputerprogramsoncetheyhavebeenconvertedtodigitalsignalswhilethoseinconventionalanalogsignalscannot.Inotherwords,digitalvideoimagescanbezoomedupordown,reshaped,orrearrangedbytheappropriatesoftware.Also,duetoadvancesinvideo-signalcompressiontechnology,thememoryspacerequiredforstoringavideoprogramhasbeengreatlyreduced.

Multimediahasimportantapplicationsforconsumerproductsandforbusinessneeds.Videoscenesthatarecapturedbycamcorderscanbecombinedwithtext,sound,anddataandcanbeontelevisionsetsinhomes,schools,oroffices.Thesemultimediapresentationsarebecomingusefuleducationalandcommunicationtools.Forexample,thereareavailable

Encyclopediasthatcontainvideoprogramsdepictinganimalbehaviors,geomorphicprocesses,andothernaturalphenomena.Automobilemechanicscanwatchvideosthatdemonstratehowtorepairnewmodels.Inbusinessapplications,documentscanbeannotatedwithvoiceorvideo.Newconsumerproductscanbemoreeffectivelymarketedbydemonstratinghowtheycanbeused,CD-ROMSofnumerousothersubjectshavebeenrecentlypublished;allofthemcanbeviewedonTVmonitorsusingmultimediacomputers.Thesemultimediacomputersystemscan,inturn,beincorporatedintocomputernetworksenhancingtheeffectivenessofcommunication.

Thismultitudeofnewproductsandcapabilitieshasbeenmadepossiblebythetremendousprogressofmicroprocessortechnology.Becauseoftheadvancesinthisarea,personalcomputershavebecomemorepowerful,smaller,andlessexpensive,whichhasenabledcomputernetworkstoproliferate.Manyofthetasksthatweretraditionallyperformedbymainframeshavebeentransferredtopersonalcomputersconnectedtocommunicationsnetworks.Althoughthemainframecontinuestobeproducedandservesausefulpurpose,ithasbeenusedmoreoftenasoneofmanydifferentcomputersandperipheraldevicesconnectedtocomputernetworks.Inthisnewrole,thefunctionofmainframesaspowerfulprocessorsofdatabasesystemsinbecomingimportant,and,asaresult,massivelyparallelcomputerswithhundredsorthousandsofmicroprocessorsarebeingproduced.Inadditiontobeingpowerful,themicroprocessorsusedforthispurposemustbeinexpensive,butlowcostscanbeachievedonlyiftheyaremass-produced.Throughouttheworld,morethan100,000,000personalcomputersand500,000workstationsareinusewhereasonlyseveralhundredsupercomputersareinoperation;thenumbersofmainframesandminicomputersfallsomewherebetweenthoseofsupercomputersandworkstations.Becauseofsuchhigh-volumeproduction,microprocessorsforpersonalcomputersorworkstationstendtobeinexpensiveandareavailableforuseinmassivelyparallelcomputersaswell.

1.Multimediacomputers（

）.

2.Theunderlinedword“annotated”inthesecondparagraphmostprobablymeans（

）

3.Accordingtothispassage

4.Whichofthefollowingisapropertitleforthispassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.canprocessanythingbutdigitaldata

B.canevenprocesstelevisionimages

C.arerarelyusedineducation

D.hasfewbusinessapplications

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.explain

B.forwarded

C.prepared

D.presented

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.themarketformultimediacomputershasbecomesaturated

B.mostmainframeshavebeentransformedintopersonalcomputers

C.mostpersonalcomputershavebecomemuchmorepowerfulthanmainframes

D.thenowcostsofmicroprocessorshavebeenachievedthankstothehigh-volumeproduction

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.MultimediaComputers

B.MicroprocessorTechnology

C.ComputerNetworks

D.ChangingRoleofComputers

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:A

【解析】1.文章第一段televisionimages,forexample,canbeprocessedbycomputerprogramsoncetheyhavebeenconvertedtodigitalsignalswhilethoseinconventionalanalogsignalscannot提到電視畫面能夠通過計算機(jī)程序處理，所以選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

2.題干中的單詞出現(xiàn)在句子Inbusinessapplications,documentscanbeannotatedwithvoiceorvideo中，意思是“在商務(wù)英語中，文件通常能用視頻或者音頻作為注釋”。選項(xiàng)A“解釋”符合題意。

3.文章最后一段Inadditiontobeingpowerful,themicroprocessorsusedforthispurposemustbeinexpensive,butlowcostscanbeachievedonlyiftheyaremass-produced提到大量生產(chǎn)降低了微處理器的成本，選項(xiàng)D與之相符，符合題意。

4.文章講述的是多媒體電腦給計算機(jī)市場帶來了各種各樣的變化，以及這類電腦在消費(fèi)類產(chǎn)品和商業(yè)需求中的應(yīng)用，選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

6.單選題

13.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Youmayfindmanyofthemonthebookseller’shelves.

B.Youcanbuyitfromalmosteverybookstore.

C.It’saverypopularmagazine.

D.Itdoesn’tsellverywell.

【答案】C

【解析】M:HaveyouheardofthemagazineTheWorldofEnglish?

W:Ofcourse.ItisoneofmanyEnglishmagazinesthatarenowflyingoffbooksellershelves.

Q:WhatdoesthewomanimplyaboutTheWorldofEnglish?

【解析】固定詞組。女士說：ItisoneofmanyEnglishmagazinesthatarenowflyingoffbooksellershelves，即WorldofEnglish是熱銷英語雜志之一。

7.單選題

John（）onhismistakelongafterthetestwasover.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.considered

B.dwelt

C.contemplate

D.figured

【答案】B

【解析】dwellon為固定搭配，指“細(xì)想，凝思”。句意：測試結(jié)束后很久，約翰還在想著他的錯誤。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

8.填空題

Onceinsidethevirtualclassroom,youhaveaccesstoachatfeature,an________whiteboardandavideowindowwheretheycanseeandhearthetutorinlivevideoandaudio.(interact)

【答案】interactive

【解析】【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞。

【解題思路】橫線部分和white修飾board，指的是用來上課的交互式白板，interactive意思為“交互式的”，符合語境。

【句意】一旦進(jìn)入虛擬教室，你就可以使用聊天功能、交互式白板和視頻窗口，學(xué)生就可以看到導(dǎo)師的實(shí)時視頻，聽到音頻。

9.單選題

Thepressureofpopulationonavailableresourcesisthekeytounderstandinghistory;consequently,anyhistoricalwritingthattakesnocognizanceof（）factsis（）flawed.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ecological...marginally

B.rinsically

C.cultural...substantively

D.political...demonstratively

【答案】B

【解析】詞匯辨析ecological“生態(tài)學(xué)的”；marginally“少量地”；demographic“人口統(tǒng)計學(xué)的”；intrinsically“本質(zhì)上地”；cultural“文化的”；substantively“從本質(zhì)上講”；political“政治上的”；demonstratively“論證地”。句意：人口對現(xiàn)有資源的壓力是理解歷史的關(guān)鍵;因此，任何不認(rèn)識人口統(tǒng)計學(xué)事實(shí)的歷史著作都有其本質(zhì)上的缺陷。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

10.單選題

We（）managedtohavepeopleacceptourtheoryafteralong,hardstruggle.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.momentarily

B.suddenly

C.graciously

D.gradually

【答案】D

【解析】句意:經(jīng)過長期的艱苦努力之后，我們逐漸讓他們接了受我們的理論。

考查副詞辨析。momentarily頃刻之間，馬上;suddenly意外地，忽然地；graciously優(yōu)雅地，慈樣地;gradually逐步地，漸漸地。根據(jù)后文的afteralong,hardstruggle(長期的艱苦努力之后)可知D正確。

11.單選題

Youradvicewouldbe（

）valuabletohim,whoisatpresentathiswit'send.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.extensively

B.exclusively

C.excessively

D.exceedingly

【答案】D

【解析】考查副詞辨析。extensively意為“廣大地，廣泛地”；exclusively意為“唯一地”；excessively意為“過度地”；exceedingly意為“非常，極其”。

句意：你的建議對他來說非常的有價值，他現(xiàn)在是無計可施了。

12.單選題

Thelawyerthoughtthatpieceofevidencewas（）earlyintheinvestigationbutitturnedouttobevitalinconvictingthemanoftheft.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.unchangeable

B.insignificant

C.inevitable

D.unsuitable

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。unchangeable“無法改變的”；insignificant“無關(guān)緊要的”；inevitable“必然的，不可避免的”;unsuitable“不適合的”。根據(jù)表轉(zhuǎn)折的連詞but可知前后有一個轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，后面提到“它（證據(jù)）成為指控那個男人盜竊的關(guān)鍵證據(jù)”，可知前面的內(nèi)容是認(rèn)為這個證據(jù)“無關(guān)緊要”，因此選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

13.單選題

Satellitephotographscanprovideinformationon（）rainarefalling.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.whichwhereandhowmuch

B.whereandhow

C.whichandhow

D.whereandhowmuch

【答案】D

【解析】考查引導(dǎo)詞。句意：衛(wèi)星照片可以提供關(guān)于降雨區(qū)域以及降雨量的信息。on后面接定語從句，從句的主語已經(jīng)有引導(dǎo)詞連接，不再用which。故D項(xiàng)正確。

14.單選題

Toensureitssustainedprogressineconomy,thegovernmenthas（

）aseriesofpolicies.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.reserved

B.issued

C.delivered

D.expressed

【答案】B

【解析】動詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)reserve“預(yù)定”；B選項(xiàng)issue“發(fā)行”；C選項(xiàng)deliver“交付”；D選項(xiàng)express“表達(dá)”。

句意：為保證經(jīng)濟(jì)的持續(xù)發(fā)展，政府出臺了一系列政策。選項(xiàng)B更符合語境，所以正確。

15.翻譯題

將模糊性(fuzzy,adj)和定性評價合理地轉(zhuǎn)化為定量評價，進(jìn)而選擇最優(yōu)設(shè)計解，是產(chǎn)品設(shè)計的關(guān)鍵。論文運(yùn)用模糊綜合評判與比較的方法，以MicrosoftVisualBasic5.0為軟件平臺，建立了計算機(jī)輔助的設(shè)計方案擇優(yōu)系統(tǒng)。提供了對產(chǎn)品設(shè)計方案定量評價和擇優(yōu)、將結(jié)果存檔、調(diào)用和打印等功能。

【答案】Itisaveryimportantprocedureofproductdesigntotransformrationallyfuzzyandqualitativeevaluationintoquantitativeevaluationforoptimumsolution.Thispaperintroducesacomputer-aidedselectionsystemforoptimumsolutiontoproducedesign.ThesystemisestablishedontheplatformofMicrosoftVisualBasic5.0withthemethodoffuzzycomprehensivejudgmentsandcomparison.Ithasthefunctionsofquantitativeevaluation,selectionoftheoptimumdesignsolution,filling,consultingandprintingoftheoptimizedresults.

16.單選題

Ourattitudetowardourteachersshouldbe（）,butnotslavishorsuperstitious.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.respectable

B.respected

C.respective

D.respectful

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)respectable“值得尊敬的；人格高尚的；相當(dāng)數(shù)量的”；B選項(xiàng)respected“受尊敬的”；C選項(xiàng)respective“分別的，各自的”；D選項(xiàng)respectful“恭敬的；有禮貌的”。句意：我們對待老師的態(tài)度應(yīng)該是恭敬的，但卻不應(yīng)該是盲從的或迷信的。根據(jù)句中“Ourattitudetowardourteacher我們對待老師的態(tài)度”可知“恭敬的”符合語境，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

17.單選題

Itisintendedthattheseguidelinesshouldbeappliedflexiblyand（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.substantially

B.pragmatically

C.dogmatically

D.reflexively

【答案】B

【解析】考查副詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)substantially“實(shí)質(zhì)上；大體上”；B選項(xiàng)pragmatically“講究實(shí)效地”；C選項(xiàng)dogmatically“武斷地；教條主義地”；D選項(xiàng)reflexively“反身地”。句意：這些準(zhǔn)則應(yīng)靈活地并……地實(shí)施。聯(lián)系選項(xiàng)可知B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

18.單選題

Heaskedmetolendhimsomemoney,whichIagreedtodo,（）thathepaidmebackthefollowingweek.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.onoccasion

B.onpurpose

C.oncondition

D.onlyif

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)onoccasion“有時；偶爾”；B選項(xiàng)onpurpose“有目的地，故意地”；C選項(xiàng)oncondition“只要”；D選項(xiàng)onlyif“只要……就……”，引導(dǎo)從句的時候，一般不接that。由本句后半句“thathepaidmebackthefollowingweek”（他下周還給我）可知這是前者借錢的一個條件，“只要”符合此處的語境。句意：他要我借給他一些錢，只要他下周能還給我，我就借給他。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

19.單選題

Whenthepressreleasearrivedinourinboxes,weknewwhatwouldhappennext.ANobellaureatehadstatedthatantioxidantsupplements“mayhavecausedmorecancersthantheyhaveprevented.”

Eventhemostfad-friendlysectionsoftheUKmediawereboundtocoverthestory.

Inreality,ProfessorJamesWatsonwasonlyrestatingwhatweatCancerResearchUKhavebeenpointingoutforyears.Largestudieshaverepeatedlyshownthat,withthepossibleexceptionofvitaminD,antioxidantsupplementshavenegligiblepositiveeffectonhealthypeople,atleastintermsofimportantthingssuchaspreventingpeoplegettingcancerordyingprematurely.Andsomesupplements—notablyvitaminsA,Eandbeta-carotene—evenseemtoslightlyraisetheriskofdiseaseandearlydeath.

It’satopicweatCancerResearchUKcomebacktoagainandagainonourscienceblogandonoursocialmediapages.Buthugeswatchesofthepublicremainconvincedthat“antioxidant”isabywordfor“healthy.”

What’ssointerestingabouttheantioxidantmythisitswiderculturalandsocialdimension.Whyisthisperceptionsohardtoshift?Andisthereanythingwecandoaboutit?

Onepossiblereasonforourfirmattitudesisthewidespreaduseoftheword“antioxidants”inadvertsproclaimingthehealthbenefitsofvariousfoodsanddrinks.Thisisn’tforwantofregulation,andtheAdvertisingStandardsAuthorityhaverepeatedlyupheldcomplaintsaboutadvertsthatmakeunsupportedclaimsaboutantioxidants’benefits.

Butthemuchweakerclaimthataproductmerely“containshighlevelsofantioxidants”leaveshealthclaimsimplicit,andkeepsregulatorsatbay.Abrandof“super-broccoli”—launchedwithmuchapublicspectacleinlate2011—wasbredtocontainhighlevelsofachemicalthatultimately,accordingtotheproduct’swebsite,“boostsourbody’sAntioxidantEnzymelevels.”Sogoodit’scapitalized.

Sotherelentlessdrip-dripofhealthproductadvertising—particularlyagainstabackgroundofcontinualreportsofBritain’sill-health—makesourtrenchantholdontheantioxidantsmythallthemoreunderstandable.Weneedthisstuff,we’retold.

Butthere’sprobablyadeeperreasonforourcollectiverefusaltoswallowthebitterpillofscientificevidence.Theactual,proventhingsthatcanreduceourrisksofcancer,heartdisease,diabetes—andalltheotherchronicnastiesthatcomewithanageingpopulation—aresomewhatmoreuninteresting.Don’tsmoke.Stayinshape.Eatabalanceddiet.Limitalcoholintake.Keepactive.Thisishardwork.

Andastheresolution-fillednewyearkicksin,theexcitingprospectofahealthierlifeisreplacedbytherealizationthatbeinghealthyisalong-termproject.Poppingapillinsteadofgoingtothegymisatemptingprospectformanyofus.Confirmatorybiasisapowerfulthing.

ButtheUKpopulationisageing,andlikelytoplaceagreaterburdenontheNHSinfuture.Weoweittoourselves,andthosewillbepayingforourcare,tomakesurewe’reashealthyaspossibleforaslongaspossible.Puttingourfaithinaword,andapill—howevercomfortingitmaysound—todothisforusisamirageandafallacy.Antioxidantsdonotprolongourlivesnorpreventcancer,despitewhatwewanttobelieve.

1.ThereferencetoaNobellaureate’scommentonantioxidantsupplementsisto（）.

2.Whatdoestheauthorsaythatleadstopeople’sstrongbeliefinantioxidants?

3.Itcanbeconcludedthatpeople’scollectivebeliefinantioxidantsisNOTbasedon（）.

4.Whatistheauthor’sopinionoftakingantioxidantsupplements?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.introduceatopic

B.reinforceanargument

C.enrichthedescription

D.confirmahypothesis

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Thelackofregulation.

B.Thewidespreadinseminationofmedicalknowledge.

C.The“super-broccoli”story.

D.Theoverwhelminghealthproductcommercials.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.deeply-rootedculturalperception

B.thecontinualreportsofBritain’sillhealth

C.theexistingprovenknowledge

D.confirmatorybiases

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Keepingfitmeansbuildingamirage.

B.Antioxidantsprovideapromisingfutureprospect.

C.Keepingfitinvolvesmorethantakingantioxidants.

D.Antioxidantscanhelpstopageing.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:C

【解析】第1題:1.根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知,作者在第一段并沒有提出任何觀點(diǎn),而是通過引用諾貝爾獎獲得者的評論來引出接下來要討論的問題,所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

2.根據(jù)第六段第一句“Onepossiblereasonforourfirmattitudesisthewidespreaduseoftheword“antioxidants”inadvertsproclaimingthehealthbenefitsofvariousfoodsanddrinks.”一個可能原因是,在宣傳各種食品和飲料對健康有益的廣告中,“抗氧化劑”一詞被廣泛使用。選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

3.根據(jù)第九段的第一句“Butthere’sprobablyadeeperreasonforourcollectiverefusaltoswallowthebitterpillofscientificevidence.”但是,我們集體拒絕吞下科學(xué)證據(jù)的苦果,可能還有更深層次的原因。這里指人們不愿相信已經(jīng)證實(shí)的科學(xué)依據(jù),所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

4.根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“Antioxidantsdonotprolongourlivesnorpreventcancer...”抗氧化劑并不能延長我們的壽命,也不能預(yù)防癌癥。也就是說,保持健康不僅僅是服用抗氧化劑就可以的。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

第2題:

第3題:

第4題:

20.單選題

Althoughhehasbecomerich,heisstillvery______ofhismoney.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.economic

B.thrifty

C.frugal

D.careful

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)economic“經(jīng)濟(jì)的，有關(guān)經(jīng)濟(jì)的”；B選項(xiàng)thrifty“節(jié)儉的”，常用于bethriftywithsth.；C選項(xiàng)frugal“節(jié)省的，節(jié)儉的”，可用于befrugalwith/ofsth.；D選項(xiàng)careful“小心地，仔細(xì)地”，becarefulwith/ofsth.表示“當(dāng)心，注意”。根據(jù)Althoughhehasbecomerich與of可知選C。句意：雖然他變得富有了，但他仍然很節(jié)儉。

21.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.

有時候?qū)σ粋€人來說需要終生的時間才能懂得活著就是為了奉獻(xiàn)。

文化是一切。文化是我們著裝的方式,是我們走路的方式,是我們系領(lǐng)帶的方式。

時間是個多才多藝的表演者。它能展翅飛翔,能闊步前進(jìn),也能治愈創(chuàng)傷。

音樂是你自身的體驗(yàn),你的思想,你的智慧。

國家的發(fā)展取決于年輕一代的素質(zhì),這是么人皆知的事實(shí)。

【答案】Sometimes,itwilltakealifetimetounderstandthatlivingisfordevotion.

Cultureiseverything.Itisthewaywedress,walkandtieourties.

Timeisaversatileperformer.Itcanspreaditswingstofly,strideforwardlyandcureanywounds.

Musicisyourpersonalexperience,yourthoughtandyourwisdom.

Itiswidelyknownthatthedevelopmentofacountrydependsonthequalityofyoungergeneration.

22.單選題

Hackersneverwerepartofthemainstreamestablishment,buttheircurrentreputationasvillainsofcyberspaceisafarcryfromtheearlydayswhen,firstandforemost,theywereseenasardentifquirkyprogrammers,capableofnear-miraculous,unorthodoxfeatsofmachinemanipulation.Buttheshiftinpopularperceptiontohackersasdeviantsandcriminalsisimportantnotonlybecauseitaffectsthehackersthemselvesandtheextraordinaryculturethathasgrownaroundthem,butbecauseitreflectsshiftsinthedevelopment,governance,andmeaningofthenewinformationtechnology.

InHackers:HeroesoftheComputerRevolution,StevenLevytracestherootsofevolvinghackercommunitiestotheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyinthelate1950s.Here,coremembersoftheTechModelRailroadClub“discovered”computersfirstasatoolforenhancingtheirbelovedmodelrailroadsandthenasobjectsofpassionintheirownright.TheyturnedtheirconsiderablecreativeenergiestothetaskofbuildingandprogrammingMIT'searlymainframesinuneasybutrelativelypeacefulcoexistencewithformalemployeesoftheuniversity'stechnicalstaff.

Formidableprogrammers,thesehackersproducedanddebuggedcomputercodesatanastonishingrate.Theyhelpeddevelophardwareandsoftwareforexistingcomputerfunctionsandinventednovelalgorithmsandapplicationsthatwereincorporatedintosubsequentgenerationsofcomputers.Thesenovelfunctionsnotonlyextendedrecreationalcapabilities—gaming,virtualreality,anddigitizedmusic一butalsoincreasedpracticalcapabilitiessuchasthecontrolofrobotsandprocessingspeeds.Obsessiveworkalsoyieldedahostofbasicsystemsubroutinesandutilitiesthatpushedoperatingcapacitiesandefficiencytonewheights,andbecameafundamentalpartofwhatweexperienceeverytimewesitinfrontofacomputer.

Thisbookdescribeslegendaryhackingbinges—daysandnightswithlittleornosleep—leadingtoproductsthatsurprisedandsometimesannoyedcolleaguesinmainstreamacademicandresearchpositions.“Thepurehack”didnotrespectprescribedmethodsortheory-driven,top-downapproachestocomputerscienceandengineering.Theunconventionallifestyledidnotseemtoputoffadherents,eventhoughitcouldbeprettyunwholesome:adisregardforpatternsofnightandday,adietofjunk-food,inattentiontopersonalappearanceandhygiene,andthevirtualabsenceofanylifeoutsideofhacking.

Itwasnotonlysingle-mindedattachmenttotheircraftthatdefinedtheseearlybackersbuttheirespousalofanideologyinformallycalledthe“hackerethic.”Thiscreedincludedseveralelements:commitmenttototalandfreeaccesstocomputersandinformation,beliefinimmensepowersofcomputerstoimprovepeople'slivesandcreateartandbeauty,disdainforobstacleserectedagainstfreeaccesstocomputing,andaninsistencethathackersbeevaluatedbynoothercriteriathantechnicalvirtuosityandaccomplishment.Inotherwords,thecultureofhackingincorporatedpoliticalandmoralvaluesaswellastechnicalends.

1.TherelationshipbetweenthehackercommunityandMITadministrationinthelate1950scanbebestdescribedas（）.

2.Whichofthefollowingisnottrueinthispassage?

3.ThelifestyleofhackersdescribedinHackers:HeroesoftheComputerRevolutionis（）.

4.Whichofthefollowingisincludedinthehackerethic?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ongoodterms

B.somewhatunsettled

C.hostile

D.tricky

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Existingcomputerfunctionshavebeenimprovedwiththehelpofhackers.

B.Hacker'seffortshavecontributedtoincreasingcapabilitiesofourcomputerinseveralways.

C.Hackersaregenerallytakenasillegalinthepast.

D.Hackersbelievethattheirtechnicalaccomplishmentistheonlycriterionforevaluatingthem.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.unconventional

B.innovative

C.annoying

D.outofdate

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Strongwilltoovercomedifficultiesthatstandintheway.

B.Devotiontogetfreeaccesstoinformation.

C.Concentrationontheimprovementoftheircraft.

D.Immensepowertocreateartandbeauty.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:B

【解析】第1題:1.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

1.TherelationshipbetweenthehackercommunityandMITadministrationinthelate1950scanbebestdescribedas______.1.20世紀(jì)50年代末，黑客團(tuán)體和麻省理工學(xué)院管理部門之間的關(guān)系可以用______來描述。

A.ongoodtermsA.關(guān)系和睦的

B.somewhatunsettledB.有點(diǎn)不穩(wěn)定的

C.hostileC.敵對的

D.trickyD.非常微妙的

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第二段的最后一句“他們把大量的創(chuàng)造力投入到建造和編程MIT早期的大型機(jī)的任務(wù)中，與大學(xué)的技術(shù)人員在不穩(wěn)定但相對和睦的環(huán)境中共存（inuneasybutrelativelypeacefulcoexistence）”，從中可知，20世紀(jì)50年代末，黑客團(tuán)體和MIT之間的關(guān)系是相當(dāng)和睦的。A項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B項(xiàng)“有點(diǎn)不穩(wěn)定的”在文中雖然提及，但并不是重點(diǎn)之處，屬于本末倒置；

C項(xiàng)“敵對的”與原文相反，反向干擾；

D項(xiàng)“非常微妙的”沒提及，無中生有。

第2題:2.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

2.Whichofthefollowingisnottrueinthispassage?2.下面哪一項(xiàng)在這段話中是不正確的？

A.Existingcomputerfunctionshavebeenimprovedwiththehelpofhackers.A.在黑客的幫助下，現(xiàn)有的計算機(jī)功能得到了改進(jìn)。

B.Hacker’seffortshavecontributedtoincreasingcapabilitiesofourcomputerinseveralways.B.黑客的努力在幾個方面幫助我們提高了計算機(jī)的性能。

C.Hackersaregenerallytakenasillegalinthepast.C.在過去，黑客通常被認(rèn)為是非法的。

D.Hackersbelievethattheirtechnicalaccomplishmentistheonlycriterionforevaluatingthem.D.黑客相信他們的技術(shù)成就是評價他們的唯一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第一段首句“黑客從來都不是主流機(jī)構(gòu)的一部分，但他們目前作為網(wǎng)絡(luò)空間惡棍的名聲，與早期的情形相去甚遠(yuǎn)，當(dāng)時，他們首先被視為熱情而古怪的程序員，能夠近乎奇跡般地完成非正統(tǒng)的機(jī)器操作壯舉?！?，從中可知，在過去，黑客是被視為熱情而古怪的程序員，且技術(shù)精通；并且本文主要不是講黑客犯罪或其他黑歷史，而是講早前的黑客其實(shí)與現(xiàn)在大不同，C項(xiàng)“在過去，黑客通常被認(rèn)為是非法的”與全文基調(diào)不符。故該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“在黑客的幫助下，現(xiàn)有的計算機(jī)功能得到了改進(jìn)”和B項(xiàng)“黑客的努力在幾個方面幫助我們提高了計算機(jī)的性能”從原文第三段可以得知，第三段提到黑客幫助開發(fā)了用于現(xiàn)有計算機(jī)功能的硬件和軟件，并發(fā)明了新的算法和應(yīng)用程序，而且還擴(kuò)展了計算機(jī)的許多功能，他們還將計算機(jī)操作能力和效率推到了新的高度，所以該兩項(xiàng)符合原文，屬于反向干擾；

D項(xiàng)“黑客相信他們的技術(shù)成就是評價他們的唯一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”根據(jù)末段倒數(shù)第二句“……他們堅信評估黑客的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)只有精湛的技術(shù)和成就（hackersbeevaluatedbynoothercriteriathantechnicalvirtuosityandaccomplishment）”，所以該項(xiàng)也符合原文，屬于反向干擾。

第3題:3.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

3.ThelifestyleofhackersdescribedinHackers:HeroesoftheComputerRevolutionis______.3.《黑客：計算機(jī)革命的英雄》中描述的黑客的生活方式是______。

A.unconventionalA.非常規(guī)的，非傳統(tǒng)的

B.innovativeB.創(chuàng)新的

C.annoyingC.令人討厭的

D.outofdateD.過時的

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段最后一句“這種非傳統(tǒng)的生活方式（Theunconventionallifestyle）似乎并沒有讓追隨者們反感……”，從中可知，黑客的生活方式是非傳統(tǒng)的。A項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B項(xiàng)“創(chuàng)新的”、C項(xiàng)“令人討厭的”和D項(xiàng)“過時的”根據(jù)解題思路可知，曲解原文。

第4題:4.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

4.Whichofthefollowingisincludedinthehackerethic?4.以下哪一項(xiàng)包含在黑客倫理中？

A.Strongwilltoovercomedifficultiesthatstandintheway.A.克服阻礙前進(jìn)的困難的堅強(qiáng)意志。

B.Devotiontogetfreeaccesstoinformation.B.致力于免費(fèi)獲取信息。

C.Concentrationontheimprovementoftheircraft.C.專注于提高他們的技藝。

D.Immensepowertocreateartandbeauty.D.創(chuàng)造藝術(shù)和美的巨大力量。

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞hackerethic定位至最后一段第二句“這個信條包括幾個要素：承諾免費(fèi)使用電腦和信息（totalandfreeaccesstocomputersandinformation），相信計算機(jī)的巨大力量（beliefinimmensepowersofcomputers）可以改善人們的生活以及創(chuàng)造藝術(shù)和美麗，蔑視針對自由訪問計算而設(shè)置的障礙（disdainforobstacleserectedagainstfreeaccesstocomputing），和堅持評估黑客的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)只有精湛的技術(shù)和成就（insistencethathackersbeevaluatedbyothercriteriathantechnicalvirtuosityandaccomplishment）”，從中可知，B項(xiàng)“致力于免費(fèi)獲取信息”是包含在黑客倫理里面的。故該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“克服阻礙前進(jìn)的困難的堅強(qiáng)意志”原文沒有提及，無中生有；

C項(xiàng)“專注于提高他們的技藝”，原文是堅持評估黑客的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)只有精湛的技術(shù)和成就，并沒有說明他們要專注于提高技藝，曲解原文；

D項(xiàng)“創(chuàng)造藝術(shù)和美的巨大力量”，原文是“計算機(jī)的巨大力量（immensepowersofcomputers）”，并不是藝術(shù)和美的巨大力量，屬于曲解原文。

23.單選題

Whatistheproperbalancebetweenthecultureheritageandtheglobalizationthatthreatensto（

）theworldinonemodel?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.classify

B.justify

C.purify

D.unify

【答案】D

【解析】classify分類，分等；justify證明合法，替……辯護(hù)；purify凈化，使純凈；unify統(tǒng)一，使一致。句意：文化遺產(chǎn)和威脅世界統(tǒng)一成一種模式的全球化之間的適當(dāng)平衡是什么？選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

24.翻譯題

學(xué)習(xí)外語對我來說是非常艱辛的經(jīng)歷，但卻是一種無比珍貴的經(jīng)歷。它不僅使我知道了艱苦努力的意義，而且，使我認(rèn)識了不同的文化，讓我以一種全新的思維去看待事物，學(xué)習(xí)外語最令人興奮的收獲是我能與更多的人交流。我樂于與人交談，新的語言使我能與以前不認(rèn)識的人交往，參與他們的談話，并建立新的難以忘懷的友誼?，F(xiàn)在我已能夠說英語，別人講英語時我不再茫然不解了。我能夠參與并結(jié)交朋友。我能理解別人的話，并能夠彌合我所說的語言和所處的文化與他們的語言和文化之間的鴻溝。盡管我還是常常出錯，仍處于繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)階段，但我已嘗到刻苦學(xué)習(xí)的甜頭。

【答案】Learningaforeignlanguagewasoneofthemostdifficultyetmostrewardingexperiencesofmylife.Itnotonlytaughtmethevalueofhardwork,butalsogavemeinsightsintoanotherculture,andmymindwasopenedtonewwaysofseeingthings.ThemostwonderfulresultofhavinglearnedaforeignlanguagewasthatIcouldcommunicatewithmanymorepeoplethanbefore.Talkingwithpeopleisoneofmyfavoriteactivities,sobeingabletospeakanewlanguageletsmemeetnewpeople,participateinconversations,andformnew,unforgettablefriendships.NowthatIspeakaforeignlanguage,insteadofstaringintospacewhenEnglishisbeingspoken,Icanparticipateandmakefriends.Iamabletoreachouttoothersandbridgethegapbetweenmylanguageandcultureandtheirs.AlthoughIstillmademanymistakesandwascontinuallylearning,Ihadfinallyreapedthebenefitsofallthathardwork.

25.翻譯題

A.TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoChinese.

Inthemodernera,therewillbemuchtocelebratebecauseourcivilizationhasachievedbreath-takingadvancesinvirtuallyeveryfieldofhumanendeavour.Andyet,thesequantumleapsinhumanprogresscoexistwithadarkersidetoourcivilizationsuchasarmedconflict,whichmightdestroyentirecommunitiesinthequestforethnicity,religionorrace.Inthecontextofarmedconflict,childrenaretherealvictims.Manywerekilled,permanentlydisabled,displacedororphaned.Worsethanthat,someofthemarecurrentlyunderarmsaskillingmachines.Hence,theSecurityCouncilshouldsetoutitsgoal:advocatingforchildrenwhoarevictimizedormadeespeciallyvulnerable,aswellasmobilizingforconcreteactiontoensuretheirrights,protectionandwelfare.

B.TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoEnglish.

貿(mào)易增長在很大程度上取決于能源的供應(yīng)。中東可以開采