考研考博-英語-內(nèi)蒙古大學(xué)考試押題卷含答案詳解

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-內(nèi)蒙古大學(xué)考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.單選題

Thereisnodoubtthatdishonestor（）acquisitionofinformationisusuallyoverwhelmingevidencethatinformationwasconfidentialandnotpartofthedefendant’sskillandknowledge.

問題1選項

A.blatant

B.surreptitious

C.suspicious

D.conspicuous

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。blatant“喧囂的，炫耀的”；surreptitious“秘密的”；suspicious“可疑的”；conspicuous“顯而易見的”。句意：毫無疑問，不誠實或秘密獲取的信息通常是壓倒性的證據(jù)，表明這種信息是機(jī)密的，不屬于辯護(hù)人員技能和知識的一部分。選項B符合題意。

2.不定項選擇題

ConfessionsbyIslamicfundamentalistsunderthecommandofBinLaden’sdeputy,haverevealedbow—yearsbeforetheSeptember11attacks—theterroristsestablishedsleepercellsacrossthewesternworldandwereplanningcomplicatedattacks.

Inmorethan10,000pagesofEgyptianstatesecuritydocuments,BritainisnamedasoneofthekeybasesofAl-Zawahift’sIslamicJihadorganization.ThreeleadingmemberofitsrulingcouncilwerebasedinLondonanditwasalsoanimportantfundraisingcenter,makingmoneythroughfanningandevenrestoringhousesinLondon.

Amongtheterroristleader’sagentslivinginAmericaintheearly1990swereacommunicationsspecialist,aspecialforcerofficer,twowealthydoctorsandachainoffundraisers.OneoperativewithAmericancitizenship,codenamedAdam,wasplantedintheUnitedStatesin1987andthenhelpedtoco-ordinatecommunications,sendfalsedocumentationandfinanceterrorists.Adam,thesonofanEgyptAirpilot,wasalsoinstructedtogetflighttraining.Anotheragent,aformerEgyptianspecialforcesofficer,workedwiththeAmericanarmybeforeprovidingpersonalsecurityadvicetoBinLadeninSudanin1992.

CompiledbytheEgyptianDefenseMinistry,thedocumentsprovidethemostauthoritativeaccountyetoftheIslamicJihadorganizationandofAl-Zawahiri,whommanysuspecttheinspirationbehindtheSeptember11attacks.Oneofthemostimportanthijackers,MohammedAtta,wasanEgyptianfromCairo.He,too,issuspectedofbeingamemberofAl-Zawahiriorganization.

ThedocumentsrevealhowIslamicJihad,nowconsideredpartofBinLaden’sAl-Qaedanetwork,wasbeingfundedinEgyptfromBinLaden’spersonalfortunefromtheearly1990s.AbaseinSantaClara,California,wasusedfrom1990tocoordinatecommunicationswithterrorists’Cellsaroundtheworld,includingBinLaden’sSudanesebase.OtheroperativeswerebasedinNewYork.AmericanarmymanualsandtopographicalmapsweretranslatedintoArabicforterroristtraining.SourcesoffundsoftheterroristnetworkincludedthesugartradeandsheeprearinginAlbaniaaswellastherenovationofoldhousesinLondon.

HaniAl-Sibai,athirdallegedmemberoftheshuraatthattime,liveswithhiswifeandfivechildreninHammersmith,westLondon.SourcessayhehassplitwithAl-Zawahiri,atleastsince1999.Al-Sibai,alawyer,deniesanylinkwithIslamicJihad.HesaidhehadknownAl-Zawahiriinthepastbutwashimselfa“quietman”whohadnevercommittedacrime.

1.Accordingtothetext,confessionsofIslamicfundamentaliststellshow（）

2.Fromthetext,welearnthat（）

3.Thetextsuggeststhat（）

4.AccordingtoEgyptianDefenseMinistry,whoisthesuspectofSeptember11attacks?

5.Bysayingthathehimselfisa“quietman”,Al-Sibaimeansthat（）

問題1選項

A.Laden’sdeputyestablishedsleepingplacesinEurope.

B.terroristssetupfootholdsaswellasarrangedattacks.

C.September11attackswasoriginatedandplanned.

D.Ladenstrengthenedhispowerinwesternworld.

問題2選項

A.thefundforterroristorganizationwasraisedthroughdonationandinvestment.

B.terroristsinAmericaaremorehorriblethanthoseinBritain.

C.onemajortaskforterroristorganizationsinwestistoraisemoney.

D.theleadersoftheterroristorganizationsmustbeveryrich.

問題3選項

A.westerncountriesaresuitableforthedevelopmentofterroristorganization.

B.thereisaconnectionamongtheterroristsbasesaroundtheworld.

C.Laden’sdeputyisinchargeofthetrainingofthenewterrorists.

D.Londonisthecenterforworld-wideterroristbases.

問題4選項

A.Jihadorganization.

B.BinLaden.

C.Adam.

D.Al-Zawahiri.

問題5選項

A.heisnotgoodatgivingaspeechinthepublic.

B.hischaracterisonthecontraryofAl-Zawahiri’s.

C.hedidnottakeanyillegalactionsinthepast.

D.hesplitwithAl-Zawahirisince1999.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】第1題:段落大意題。答案定位到第一段，“theterroristsestablishedsleepercellsacrossthewesternworldandwereplanningcomplicatedattacks.”可以知道這份文件告訴我們恐怖分子是如何在城市里立足并且組織襲擊的，答案為B。

第2題:文章細(xì)節(jié)題。題干問我們能從全文中得到什么，根據(jù)每個選項的細(xì)節(jié)定位到相應(yīng)的句子，A項不對，恐怖分子賺錢的主要方式就是幫別人修繕房屋，并沒有投資一項；B項屬于無關(guān)項，全文未提及；C項正確，恐怖分子去西方想要生存必須要賺錢才能生活；D項未提及，答案為C。

第3題:細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。A項錯誤，文章并未提及為何恐怖分子選擇西方國家作為根據(jù)地；B項從第五段“wasusedfrom1990tocoordinatecommunicationswithterrorists’Cellsaroundtheworld”可以得出，全世界的恐怖組織是有聯(lián)系的，B正確；C項錯誤，Laden的組織一直在進(jìn)行恐怖襲擊，并沒有訓(xùn)練新恐怖分子；D項也不對，全文都沒有說過這個，只是說英國是Al-Zawahiriorganization的中心據(jù)點，并不代表是全世界恐怖組織的中心。

第4題:細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。答案在第四段，“Oneofthemostimportanthijackers,MohammedAtta,…beingamemberofAl-Zawahiriorganization.”可以看出主犯之一也是屬于Al-Zawahiriorganization的，因此EgyptianDefenseMinistry認(rèn)為911的兇手是Al-Zawahiriorganization，答案為D。

第5題:詞義推斷題。答案就在這個單詞的后面給出，Al-Sibai說之前是認(rèn)識他，但是他“butwashimselfa‘quietman’whohadnevercommittedacrime”，意思就是他之前從不干違法的事情，答案C為原文轉(zhuǎn)述項，當(dāng)選。

3.單選題

Thereisnothinginhis_______thatsuggestsheiscontentedwithhislife.

問題1選項

A.demeanor

B.stature

C.resonance

D.fidelity

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。demeanor“行為，舉止”；stature“身高，身材”；resonance“共鳴”；fidelity“忠誠”。句意：沒有任何行為可以表明他對妻子感到滿意。選項A符合題意。

4.單選題

ThebeautyofHopipaintedpotteryisknownthroughoutthemodernworld;soalsowasitknownandhighlyvaluedintheaboriginalworldoftheNorthAmericanWest.UntilapproximatelyA.D.1300potteryintheHopicountrywassimplyaregionalvariationonthewaresofotherpartsofthePuebloarea.Then,withtheadventofthefourteenthcentury,cameanartisticexplosion.Theblack-on-whitedesigns,belovedofarchaeologistsbutrelativelyundistinguished,weresupersededbybrilliant,black-on-orangedesignsandorangepolychromes.Theseinturnweresupersededbyblack-on-yellowtypesquitedifferentindesign,layout,andexecutionfromanyotherPuebloware.Bytheadditionofredtothis,apolychromewasproduced.Itsmoderncounterpartisinconstantdemandinshopsthroughoutthecountry.ItiscalledSikyatkiPolychromeafterthefirstmajorarchaeologicalexcavationintheHopicountry.

IncontrasttothealmostexclusivelygeometricnatureofotherPueblowares,thelateprehistoricHopiyellowsandpolychromesarecharacterizedbystartling,sweepingcurvilinearmotifs;bird,animal,floral,andhumanrepresentations;andreligiousmasksandceremonialscenes.TheirfreedomofrenditioniscompletelyatvariancewiththecanonsofallotherprehistoricPuebloschoolsofpotterydesign,exceptforthecontemporaryMimbreswareinwesternNewMexico,whichsharedsome,butfarfromallofthefreedomfromestablishedtradition.

1.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

2.Theword“it”inthefirstsentencereferstothe______.

3.Inthefirstparagraph,whatissaidaboutHopipotterymadebeforeA.D.1300?

4.Accordingtothepassage,whendidthegreatestartisticadvancementinHopipotterytakeplace?

5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasadesignusedforHopipaintedpottery?

問題1選項

A.ThetechniquesusedbytheHopitomarketpottery.

B.ThepotteryartifactsfoundinanarchaeologicalexcavationatSikyatki.

C.ThediversedesignsandcolorsusedbytheHopiinpaintingpottery.

D.TherelationofHopipotterytothatdesignedbytheMimbres.

問題2選項

A.NorthAmericanWest

B.qualityofakindofpottery

C.Hopiculture

D.modernworld

問題3選項

A.Itwastransportedailovertheworld.

B.Itshighcostmadeitdifficulttopurchase.

C.Itsblack-on-whitedesignswereuncommon.

D.ItwasverysimilartootherPueblopottery.

問題4選項

A.Duringtheyearsjustpriortothethirteenthcentury.

B.Duringthefirstfewdecadesofthethirteenthcentury.

C.Inthebeginningofthefourteenthcentury.

D.Inthemiddleofthefourteenthcentury.

問題5選項

A.Birdrepresentations.

B.Commonweapons.

C.Ceremonialscenes.

D.Humanfigures.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.【選項釋義】

1.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?1.這篇文章主要討論什么？

A.ThetechniquesusedbytheHopitomarketpottery.A.霍皮人銷售陶器的技術(shù)。

B.ThepotteryartifactsfoundinanarchaeologicalexcavationatSikyatki.B.在錫亞特基考古挖掘中發(fā)現(xiàn)的陶器。

C.ThediversedesignsandcolorsusedbytheHopiinpaintingpottery.C.霍皮人在繪制陶器時使用的各種圖案和顏色。

D.TherelationofHopipotterytothatdesignedbytheMimbres.D.霍皮陶器與明布雷斯人設(shè)計的陶器的關(guān)系。

【答案】C

【考查點】主旨大意題。

【解題思路】文章第一句指明“霍皮彩陶的美麗在現(xiàn)代世界聞名”，隨之，作者介紹了不同時期下霍皮彩陶的特點，包括它們使用的色彩和圖案，所以整篇文章主要討論的就是霍皮人在彩繪陶器中使用的圖案和色彩，所以該題選擇C選項“霍皮人在繪制陶器時使用的各種圖案和顏色”。

【干擾項排除】

A項“霍皮人銷售陶器的技術(shù)”，原文沒有提到霍皮人的銷售技術(shù)，該項無中生有；

B項“在錫亞特基考古挖掘中發(fā)現(xiàn)的陶器”和D項“霍皮陶器與明布雷斯人設(shè)計的陶器的關(guān)系”只是原文中的某一個方面，不是主要內(nèi)容，以偏概全。

2.【選項釋義】

2.Theword“it”inthefirstsentencereferstothe______.2.第一句中的it指的是______。

A.NorthAmericanWestA.北美西部

B.qualityofakindofpotteryB.一種陶器的品質(zhì)

C.HopicultureC.霍皮文化

D.modernworldD.現(xiàn)代世界

【答案】B

【考查點】詞匯推理題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干定位至首段第一句“霍皮彩陶的美麗在現(xiàn)代世界聞名；因此，在北美西部的土著世界也被人們所知并被高度重視”，從中可知，這里的it指的依然是霍皮彩陶，所以該題選擇B項“一種陶器的品質(zhì)”。

【干擾項排除】

A項“北美西部”由解題思路可知，該項曲解原文；

C項“霍皮文化”和D項“現(xiàn)代世界”在該句都沒有提及，無中生有。

3.【選項釋義】

3.Inthefirstparagraph,whatissaidaboutHopipotterymadebeforeA.D.1300?3.在第一段中，關(guān)于公元1300年以前的霍皮陶器是怎么說的？

A.Itwastransportedailovertheworld.A.它被運往世界各地。

B.Itshighcostmadeitdifficulttopurchase.B.它的昂貴價格使它很難購買。

C.Itsblack-on-whitedesignswereuncommon.C.它的黑白設(shè)計很少見。

D.ItwasverysimilartootherPueblopottery.D.它和其他普韋布洛陶器非常相似。

【答案】D

【考查點】細(xì)節(jié)事實題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)原文第一段第二句“大約在公元1300年以前，霍皮人國家的陶器僅僅是普韋布洛地區(qū)其他地區(qū)陶器的區(qū)域變種”可知，霍皮陶器是普韋布洛地區(qū)其他地區(qū)陶器的區(qū)域變種，這也就是說霍皮陶器其實和其他普韋布洛陶器相似。因此，該題選擇D項“它和其他普韋布洛陶器非常相似”。

【干擾項排除】

A項“它被運往世界各地”在原文中只在第一段倒數(shù)第二句提到“它的現(xiàn)代版（moderncounterpart）在全國各地的商店里不斷地有需求”，從moderncounterpart（現(xiàn)代版）可知這并不是公元1300年以前的事情，該項曲解原文；

B項“它的昂貴價格使它很難購買”在原文并沒有提到關(guān)于霍皮彩陶的價格，該項無中生有；

C項“它的黑白設(shè)計很少見”，定位第一段第四句“考古學(xué)家們鐘愛黑白圖案，但相對來說并不出眾（relativelyundistinguished）……”可知，黑白圖案的設(shè)計只是并不出眾，而不是很少見，該項曲解原文。

4.【選項釋義】

4.Accordingtothepassage,whendidthegreatestartisticadvancementinHopipotterytakeplace?4.根據(jù)這篇文章，霍皮陶器最偉大的藝術(shù)進(jìn)步發(fā)生在什么時候？

A.Duringtheyearsjustpriortothethirteenthcentury.A.在十三世紀(jì)之前的幾年里。

B.Duringthefirstfewdecadesofthethirteenthcentury.B.在十三世紀(jì)的頭幾十年里。

C.Inthebeginningofthefourteenthcentury.C.在十四世紀(jì)初。

D.Inthemiddleofthefourteenthcentury.D.在十四世紀(jì)中期。

【答案】C

【考查點】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)原文第一段第三四句“然后，隨著十四世紀(jì)的到來，藝術(shù)出現(xiàn)了爆炸性的發(fā)展（cameanartisticexplosion）?？脊艑W(xué)家們鐘愛的黑白圖案，但相對來說并不出眾，后來被明亮的顏色所代替，出現(xiàn)了彩陶?！笨芍氖兰o(jì)的到來，霍皮陶器取得了重大進(jìn)步，這也就是說霍皮陶器最偉大的藝術(shù)進(jìn)步發(fā)生在十四世紀(jì)早期。因此，該題選擇C項。

【干擾項排除】

A項“在十三世紀(jì)之前的幾年里”和B項“在十三世紀(jì)的頭幾十年里”根據(jù)解題思路可知，這兩項屬于曲解原文；

D項“在十四世紀(jì)中期”在原文沒有提到，屬于無中生有。

5.【選項釋義】

5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasadesignusedforHopipaintedpottery?5.以下哪一項沒有被提到作為霍皮彩陶的設(shè)計？

A.Birdrepresentations.A.鳥禽描繪。

B.Commonweapons.B.普通武器。

C.Ceremonialscenes.C.儀式場景。

D.Humanfigures.D.人體畫像。

【答案】B

【考查點】細(xì)節(jié)事實題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)原文第二段第一句“與其他普韋布洛人的幾乎完全的幾何性質(zhì)相比，史前晚期的霍皮黃陶和彩陶以驚人的、廣泛的曲線圖案為特征，表現(xiàn)元素多為鳥、動物、花、人類以及宗教面具和儀式場景”可知，霍皮彩陶的圖案多為鳥、動物、花、人類以及宗教面具和儀式場景，只有B項“普通武器”沒有提及。因此，該題選擇B項。

【干擾項排除】A項“鳥禽描繪”、C項“儀式場景”和D項“人體畫像”由解題思路可知，這三項都是霍皮彩陶的圖案，屬于反向干擾。

5.翻譯題

PutthefollowingtwopassagesintoChinese.

Themostsignificantchangethusfarintheearthenvironmentbeganwiththeindustrialrevolutionforhumancivilization.Industrymeantcoals,andlateroil,andwenowburnalotofit,whichhaspollutedourenvironment,sohumancivilizationisnowthedominantcauseofthechangeintheglobalenvironment.Yetweresistthetruthandfindithardtobelievethatoureffectontheearthmustnowbemeasuredbythesameyardstickusedtocalculatetheforceofthemoon'sgravityontheoceansortheforceofthewindagainstthemountains.Andifwearenowcapableofchangingsomethingsuchastherelationshipbetweentheearthandthesun,surelywemustacknowledgeanewresponsibilitytousethatpowerwiselyandwithappropriaterestraint.Sofar,however,weseemtobeunawareofthefragilityoftheearth’snaturalsystem.

Infact,Ithinkeveryonehasasmallgardenandthatisourinnerworld.People’sintelligenceneedstobedeveloped,sodoestheinnerworld.Thedifferencebetweenpeopleandanimals,inadditiontothemanywell-known,isalsointheinnerworld.Theheartisanimportantorgan;however,theinnerworldisalandscape.Itgraduallytookshapeundertheconstantinfluenceoftheoutsideworldontheheart.Everyoneissoconcernedaboutthehealthoftheheartsoftheirbelovedonesaswellashisthataslightdiseasewouldcausegreatanxiety.Butnoteveryoneisconcernedabouttheinnerworldofthemselvesandtheirbelovedones.

【答案】迄今為止，地球環(huán)境最重大的變化始于人類文明的工業(yè)革命。工業(yè)意味著煤，隨后是石油，這兩者的燃燒污染了環(huán)境，因此人類文明是目前造成全球環(huán)境變化的主要原因。然而，我們卻拒絕承認(rèn)這個事實，也很難相信我們對地球的影響現(xiàn)在必須用計算月球?qū)Ｑ蟮囊蝻L(fēng)對山脈的力量的同一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來衡量。如果我們有能力改變像地球與太陽之間的關(guān)系這樣重要事物的話，我們必須承認(rèn)自己有責(zé)任合理謹(jǐn)慎使用這些權(quán)利。然而，到目前為止，我們似乎沒有意識到地球自然系統(tǒng)的脆弱性。

實際上，我認(rèn)為每個人都有一個花園，那就是我們的內(nèi)心世界。人的才智需要開發(fā)，內(nèi)心世界也一樣。人與動物之間的區(qū)別，除了眾所周知的一些特征，還包括內(nèi)心世界。心臟是一個重要的器官，然而，內(nèi)心世界卻是一道風(fēng)景。它是由外部世界不斷地作用于內(nèi)心漸漸形成的。每個人都非常關(guān)心他們所愛的人以及他自己的心臟健康，以至于一場輕微的疾病都會引起巨大的焦慮。但并不是每個人都關(guān)心自己和愛人的內(nèi)心世界。

6.單選題

Inlargepartasaconsequenceofthefeministmovement,historianshavefocusedagreatdealofattentioninrecentyearsondeterminingmoreaccuratelythestatusofwomeninvariousperiods.Althoughmuchhasbeenaccomplishedforthemodernperiodpremoderncultureshaveprovedmoredifficult:sourcesarerestrictedinnumber,fragmentary,difficulttointerpret,andoftencontradictory.ThusitisnotparticularlysurprisingthatsomeearlierscholarshipconcerningsuchcultureshassofargoneunchallengeD.AnexampleisJohannBaehofen’s1861treatiseonAmazons,women-ruledsocietiesofquestionableexistencecontemporarywithancientGreece.

Startingfromthepremisethatmythologyandlegendpreserveatleastanucleusofhistoricalfact,Bachofenarguedthatwomenweredominantinmanyancientsocieties.HisworkwasbasedonacomprehensivesurveyofreferencesintheancientsourcestoAmazonianandothersocietieswithmatrilinealcustoms—societiesinwhichdescentandpropertyrightsaretracedthroughthefemaleline.Somesupportforhistheorycanbefoundinevidencesuchasthatdrawnfrom

Herodotus,theGreek“historian”ofthefifthcenturyB.C.,whopeaksofanAmazoniansociety,theSauromatae,wherethewomenhuntedandfoughtinwars.Awomaninthissocietywasnotallowedtomarryuntilshehadkilledapersoninbattle.

Nonetheless,thisassumptionthatthefirstrecordersofancientmythshavepreservedfactsisproblematiC.IfonebeginsbyexaminingwhyancientsrefertoAmazons,itbecomesclearthatancientGreekdescriptionsofsuchsocietiesweremeantnotsomuchtorepresentobservedhistoricalfact-realAmazoniansocieties-butrathertooffer"morallessons"onthesupposedoutcomeofwomen'sruleintheirownsociety.TheAmazonswereoftencharacterized,forexample,astheequivalentsofgiantsandcentaurs,enemiestobeslainbyGreekheroes.Theircustomswerepresentednotasthoseofrespectablesociety,butastheveryantithesesofordinary-Greekpractices.

Thus,IwouldarguethepurposeofaccountsoftheAmazonsfortheirmaleGreekrecorderswasdidactic,toteachbothmaleandfemaleGreeksthatallfemalegroups,formedbywithdrawalfromtraditionalsociety,aredestructiveanddangerous.MythsabouttheAmazonswerenotforthemale-dominatedstatusquo,inwhichgroupscomposedexclusivelyofeithersexwerenotpermittedtosegregatethemselvespermanentlyfromsocietyBachofenwasthusmisledinhisrelianceonmythsforinformationaboutthestatusofwomen.Thesourcesthatwillprobablytellcontemporaryhistoriansmostaboutwomenintheancientworldaresuchsocialdocumentsasgravestones,willsandmarriagecontracts.Studiesofsuchdocumentshavealreadybegunto,showhowmistakenwearewhenwetrytoderiveourpictureoftheancientworldexclusivelyfromliterarysources,especiallymyths.

1.Theprimarypurposeofthepassageisto（）.

2.AllofthefollowingarestatedbytheauthorasproblemsconnectedwiththesourcesforknowledgeofpremodernculturesEXCEPT（）.

3.Whichofthefollowingispresentedinthepassageasevidencesupportingtheauthor'sviewoftheancientGreeks'descriptionsoftheAmazons?

4.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheprobablereactionsofmanymalesinancientGreecetotheideaofasocietyruledbywomencouldbestbecharacterizedas（）.

5.TheauthorsuggeststhatthemainreasonforthepersistinginfluenceofBachofen'sworkisthat（）.

問題1選項

A.comparecompetingnewapproachestounderstandingtheroleofwomeninancientsocieties

B.investigatetheramificationsofBachofen'stheoryaboutdominanceofwomeninancientsocieties

C.explaintheburgeoninginterestamonghistoriansindeterminingtheactualstatusofwomeninvarioussocieties

D.criticizethevalueofancientmythsindeterminingthestatusofwomeninancientsocieties

問題2選項

A.partialcompleteness

B.restrictedaccessibility

C.difficultyofinterpretation

D.limitedquantity

問題3選項

A.TherequirementthatSauromataewomenkillinbattlebeforemarrying

B.Thefailureofhistorianstoverifythatwomenwereevergovernorsofancientsocieties

C.TheclassingofAmazonswithgiantsandcentaurs

D.Thewell-establishedunreliabilityofHerodotusasasourceofinformationaboutancientsocieties

問題4選項

A.confusedanddismayed

B.waryandhostile

C.cynicalanddisinterested

D.curiousbutfearful

問題5選項

A.feministshaveshownlittleinterestisancientsocieties

B.Bachofen'sknowledgeofAmazoniancultureisunparalleled

C.reliableinformationabouttheancientworldisdifficulttoacquire

D.ancientsocietiesshowthebestevidenceofwomeninpositionsofpower.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.主旨大意題。文章提及古代文化研究婦女在各歷史時期的地位受到資料限制而且相互矛盾，之后談及神話和傳說對這一問題的分析，最后作者認(rèn)為，對這類文獻(xiàn)資料的研究早已開始證明，當(dāng)我們通過神話來獲取對古代世界的理解，是十分失誤的。因此，綜合考慮，這篇文章的主要目的是選項D。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。通過題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到原文“Althoughmuchhasbeenaccomplishedforthemodernperiodpremodemcultureshaveprovedmoredifficult:sourcesarerestrictedinnumber,fragmentary,difficulttointerpret,andoftencontradictory.”，中文翻譯：雖然在現(xiàn)代時期己經(jīng)完成了很多，但前現(xiàn)代文化被證明是更困難的：來源受到限制，數(shù)量有限，不完整，難以解釋，而且常常是矛盾的。因此最佳答案為B選項，只有B沒有提及。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干定位到原文“IfonebeginsbyexaminingwhyancientsrefertoAmazons,itbecomesclearthatancientGreekdescriptionsofsuchsocietiesweremeantnotsomuchtorepresentobservedhistoricalfact-realAmazoniansocieties-butrathertooffer"morallessons"onthesupposedoutcomeofwomen'sruleintheirownsociety.”，中文翻譯：如果我們先研究一下為什么古人會提到亞馬遜人，下面的一點就變得清晰了，那就是古希臘對于這種社會的廟睡不是太多的被用來表達(dá)觀察的歷史事實一一真正的亞馬遜社會的_——而是為了對于婦女在其社會中的統(tǒng)治的預(yù)期后果提供一種“道德教導(dǎo)”。以及原文中“TheAmazonswereoftencharacterized,forexample,astheequivalentsofgiantsandcentaurs,enemiestobeslainbyGreekheroes.Theircustomswerepresentednotasthoseofrespectablesociety,butastheveryantithesesofordinary-Greekpractices.”，原文翻譯為：例如，亞馬遜人經(jīng)常被描述為巨人和馬人的等份物，被希臘英雄殺死的敵人。他們的習(xí)俗并不是作為受人尊敬的社會的習(xí)俗來呈現(xiàn)的，而是作為普通希臘習(xí)俗的真實對照。由此可以推斷出答案選擇C。

4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干定位到原文“...toteachbothmaleandfemaleGreeksthatallfemalegroups,formedbywithdrawalfromtraditionalsociety,aredestructiveanddangerous.MythsabouttheAmazonswerenotforthemale-dominatedstatusquo,Linwhichgroupscomposedexclusivelyofeithersexwerenotpermittedtosegregatethemselvespermanentlyfromsociety.”.”。中文翻譯為：是教誨古希臘的男性和女性這樣一個道理，即那些脫離了傳統(tǒng)社會而形成的純女性群體是破壞性的和危險的。有關(guān)亞馬遜人的神話是用作論據(jù)來為男人統(tǒng)治的現(xiàn)狀做辯護(hù)的，在這種現(xiàn)狀下，純粹地由任一性別構(gòu)成的群體是不允許與社會永久性地隔絕開來的。由此可知，B項符合題目描述。

5.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干可定位到原文“Althoughmuchhasbeenaccomplishedforthemodernperiodpremoderncultureshaveprovedmoredifficult:sourcesarerestrictedinnumber,fragmentary,difficulttointerpret,andoftencontradictory.ThusitisnotparticularlysurprisingthatsomeearlierscholarshipconcerningsuchcultureshassofargoneunchallengeD.AnexampleisJohannBaehofen’s1861treatiseonAmazons,women-ruledsocietiesofquestionableexistencecontemporarywithancientGreece.”中文翻譯為：雖然對現(xiàn)當(dāng)代的研究成就斐然，但是古代文化的研究要證明更為困難：資料來源數(shù)量有限，支離破碎，難以解釋且經(jīng)?；ハ嗝?。因此，人們并不特別驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)，有關(guān)這些古代文化的早期學(xué)術(shù)研究迄今為止聽?wèi){其流傳下來，而未遭到質(zhì)疑。其中一個實例就是約翰?巴霍芬1861年論述亞馬遜人的論文，而所謂亞馬遜人，即那些由女性統(tǒng)治的社會，其難置可否的存在與古希臘同期。綜合可知。C選項是其主要原因。

7.單選題

Allthestudentshavetoto（

）therulesandregulationsoftheschool.

問題1選項

A.confirm

B.confront

C.conform

D.confine

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項confirm“確定，確認(rèn)”；B選項confront“面對，遭遇”；C選項conform“符合，遵照”；D選項confine“限制，禁閉”。由關(guān)鍵詞“therulesandregulations規(guī)章制度”可知空格部分單詞意思為“遵守，遵循”，句意為：所有的學(xué)生都要遵守學(xué)校的規(guī)章制度。選項C意思與之相近。

8.單選題

Architectsarehopelesswhenitcomestodecidingwhetherthepublicwillviewtheirdesignsasmarvelsormonstrosities,accordingtoastudybyCanadianpsychologists.Theysaydesignersshouldgobacktoschooltolearnaboutordinarypeople’stastes.

Manybuildingsthatappealtoarchitectsgetthethumbsdownfromthepublic.RobertGiffordoftheUniversityofVictoriainBritishColumbiadecidedtofindoutwhetherarchitectsunderstandpublicpreferencesandsimplydisagreewiththem,orfailtounderstandthelayperson’sview.

WithhiscolleagueGrahamBrown,heasked25experiencedarchitectstolookatphotosof42largebuildingintheUS,Canada,EuropeandHongKong.Thearchitectspredictedhowthepublicwouldratethebuildingonascaleof1to10,where1represented“terrible”and10“excellent”.Afurther27peoplewhowerenotarchitectsalsoscoredthebuildingsoutof10.Inaddition,eightarchitectsgavetheirownpersonalratingsofthebuildings.

Thethreegroupstendedtoagreeamongthemselvesonabuilding’smerits.Andarchitectscorrectlypredictedthatlaypeoplewouldonaverageratebuildingshigherthantheydidthemselves.Butforindividualbuildings,thearchitects’perceptionsofwhatthelaypeoplewouldthinkwereoftenwayoffthemark.“Somearchitectsarequitegoodatpredictinglaypreferences,butothersarenotonlypooratit,theygetitbackwards.”SaysGifford.

Forinstance,architectsgavetheStockleyParkBuildingB-3officesinLondonamoderateratingof5.2.Theythoughtthepublicwouldlikeitmuchbetter,predictingaratingof6.3.Butthepublicactuallydislikedtheoffices,andgaveit4.7.Giffordthinksthatlaypeoplerespondtospecificfeaturesofbuildings,suchasdurabilityandoriginality,andhopestopindownwhattheyare.

“Architectsinarchitectureschoolneedtobetaughthowlaypeoplethinkaboutbuildings,”Giffordconcludes.Hedoesn’tthinkdesignersshouldpandertothelowestcommondenominator,butsuggeststheyshouldaspiretowardsbuildingsthatappealtothepublicandarchitectsalike,suchastheBankofChinabuildinginHongKong.

MarcoGoldschmidtoftheRichardRogersPartnership,designersoftheMillenniumDomeinLondon,thinksthestudyisflawed.“Theauthorshaveassumed,wrongly,thatbuildingscanbemeaningfullyjudgedfromphotographsratherthanactualvisits,”hesays.Goldschmidtthinkitwouldbemoresignificantandinterestingtolookatthedivergenceofpublictastebetweengenerations.

1.Whatdosethefirstparagraphofthispassageimply?

2.Throughhisstudy,RobertGiffordfoundthat（

）.

3.FromthepassagewecanlearnthattheBankofChinabuildinginHongKong（

）.

4.MarcoGoldschmidtthinksthatGifford’sstudyisflawedbecause（

）.

5.Whatdosethepassagemainlydealwith?

問題1選項

A.Architectshaveadarkfutureindesigningmarvelousbuildings.

B.Architectsdon'tcareabouthowordinarypeopleviewtheirdesigns.

C.Itisverydifficultforarchitectstopleasethegeneralpublic.

D.Architectsdon'tknowmuchaboutthepublictastesforbuildings.

問題2選項

A.thethreegroupshadsimilarresponsestothephotosof42largebuildings

B.thearchitectsgenerallyratedbuildingslowerthanlaypeople

C.thearchitectspredictedpreciselythepreferencesoflaypeople

D.noarchitectcouldpredictthepublictastestowardsbuildingsaccurately

問題3選項

A.panderstothelowestcommondenominator

B.getsalowratefromthearchitects

C.appealstothepublicaswellasthearchitects

D.givesthearchitectsalotofaspiration

問題4選項

A.itusesphotosinsteadofactualvisits

B.itignoresthepublictastesbetweengenerations.

C.itlacksthenecessarysignificanceandinterests

D.itdoesn'ttakeintoaccountthedifferenceswithinthepublic

問題5選項

A.Howtodesignattractivebuildings.

B.Architectsneedtounderstandpublictastes.

C.Howlaypeopleviewbuildings.

D.Differenttastesbetweenarchitectsandthepublic.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.根據(jù)第一段的最后一句“Theysaydesignersshouldgobacktoschooltolearnaboutordinarypeople'stastes.”公眾認(rèn)為設(shè)計師應(yīng)該回到學(xué)校去了解普通人的品味，由此說明，設(shè)計師很難取悅大眾。選項C符合原文。

2.根據(jù)第四段的第一句“Thethreegroupstendedtoagreeamongthemselvesonabuilding'smerits.”可知選項A正確；根據(jù)第四段的第三句“Butforindividualbuildings,thearchitects’perceptionsofwhatthelaypeoplewouldthinkwereoftenwayoffthemark.”可知選項B和C錯誤；根據(jù)第四段的最后一句“Somearchitectsarequitegoodatpredictinglaypreferences,butothersarenotonlypooratit,theygetitbackwards.”可知選項D錯誤。

3.根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“BankofChinabuildinginHongKong”定位到倒數(shù)第二段，Gifford認(rèn)為建筑學(xué)校的建筑師需要學(xué)習(xí)外行人如何看待建筑。他不認(rèn)為設(shè)計師應(yīng)該迎合最低標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，但建議他們應(yīng)該追求吸引公眾和建筑師的建筑，比如香港的中國銀行大廈。選項D符合原文。

4.根據(jù)最后一段的最后一句“Goldschmidtthinkitwouldbemoresignificantandinterestingtolookatthedivergenceofpublictastebetweengenerations.”選項B符合原文。

5.結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要是講建筑師和公眾對建筑不同的看法。選項D正確。

9.單選題

（）pollutioncontrolmeasuresareexpensive,manyindustrieshesitatetoadoptthem.

問題1選項

A.Although

B.However

C.Because

D.Onaccountof

【答案】C

【解析】考查邏輯關(guān)系。A選項Although“盡管，雖然；但是，然而”；B選項however“無論如何；不管怎樣；然而；可是”；C選項Because“因為，由于”；D選項Onaccountof“由于；因為；為了……的緣故”。句意：（）污染控制措施是昂貴的，許多工業(yè)猶豫采取它們。根據(jù)句意可知前半句是表示原因，但是Onaccountof不接從句，因此C選項正確。

10.單選題

Whethertheeyesare“thewindowsofthesoul”isdebatable;thattheyareintenselyimportantininterpersonalcommunicationisafact.Duringthefirsttwomonthsofababy’slife,thestimulusthatproducesasmileisapairofeyes.Theeyesneednotbereal:amaskwithtwodotswillproduceasmile.Significantly,arealhumanfacewitheyesmaynotmotivateasmile,norwillthesightofonlyoneeyewhichispresentedinprofile.Thisattractiontoeyesasopposedtothenoseormouthcontinuesasthebabymatures.Inonestudy,whenAmericanfour-year-oldswereaskedtodrawpeople,75percentofthemdrewpeoplewithmouths,but99percentofthemdrewpeoplewitheyes.InJapan,however,wherebabiesarecarriedonthei