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書山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-上海大學(xué)考試押題卷含答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請謹慎購買!第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.單選題

Bothtelevisioncommercialsandprogramspresent()viewofthematerialworld,onewhichpromotesastandardoflivingthatmostofuscanprobablynotattain.

問題1選項

A.astandardized

B.anunrealistic

C.abetter

D.aninteresting

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)下句“mostofuscanprobablynotattain”可推測,這個觀點是不切實際的,所以選項B符合語境。

2.不定項選擇題

Therelationshipbetweenformaleducationandeconomicgrowthinpoorcountriesiswidelymisunderstoodbyeconomistsandpoliticiansalike.Progressinbothareasisundoubtedlynecessaryforthesocial,politicalandintellectualdevelopmentoftheseandallothersocieties;however,theconventionalviewthateducationshouldbeoneoftheveryhighestprioritiesforpromotingrapideconomicdevelopmentinpoorcountriesiswrong.Wearefortunatethatitis,becausebuildingneweducationalsystemsthereandputtingenoughpeoplethroughthemtoimproveeconomicperformancewouldrequiretwoorthreegenerations.Thefindingsofaresearchinstitutionhaveconsistentlyshownthatworkersinallcountriescanbetrainedonthejobtoachieveradicalhigherproductivityand,asaresult,radicallyhigherstandardsofliving.

Ironically,thefirstevidenceforthisideaappearedintheUnitedStates.Notlongago,withthecountryenteringarecessionandJapanatitspre-bubblepeak,theU.S.workforcewasderidedaspoorlyeducatedandoneofprimarycauseofthepoorU.S.economicperformance.Japanwas,andremains,thegloballeaderinautomotive-assemblyproductivity.YettheresearchrevealedthattheU.S.factoriesofHonda,Nissan,andToyotaachievedabout95percentoftheproductivityoftheirJapanesecounterparts—aresultofthetrainingthatU.S.workersreceivedonthejob.

Morerecently,whileexamininghousingconstruction,theresearchersdiscoveredthatilliterate,non-English-speakingMexicanworkersinHouston,Texas,consistentlymetbest-practicelaborproductivitystandardsdespitethecomplexityofthebuildingindustry’swork.

Whatistherealrelationshipbetweeneducationandeconomicdevelopment?Wehavetosuspectthatcontinuingeconomicgrowthpromotesthedevelopmentofeducationevenwhengovernmentsdon’tforceit.Afterall,that’showeducationgotstarted.Whenourancestorswerehuntersandgatherers10,000yearsago,theydidn’thavetimetowondermuchaboutanythingbesidesfindingfood.Onlywhenhumanitybegantogetitsfoodinamoreproductivewaywastheretimeforotherthings.

Aseducationimproved,humanity’sproductivitypotentialincreasedaswell.Whenthecompetitiveenvironmentpushedourancestorstoachievethatpotential,theycouldinturnaffordmoreeducation.Thisincreasinglyhighlevelofeducationisprobablyanecessary,butnotasufficientconditionforthecomplexpoliticalsystemsrequiredbyadvancedeconomicperformance.Thuspoorcountriesmightnotbeabletoescapetheirpovertytrapswithoutpoliticalchangesthatmaybepossibleonlywithbroaderformaleducation.Alackofformaleducation,however,doesn’tconstraintheabilityofthedevelopingworld’sworkforcetosubstantiallyimproveproductivityfortheforeseeablefuture.Onthecontrary,constraintsonimprovingproductivityexplainwhyeducationisn’tdevelopingmorequicklytherethanitis.

1.Theauthorholdsinparagraph1thattheimportanceofeducationinpoorcountries________.

2.AmajordifferencebetweentheJapaneseandU.Sworkforcesisthat________.

3.Theauthorquotestheexampleofourancestorstoshowthateducationemerged________.

4.Accordingtothelastparagraph,developmentofeducation________.

問題1選項

A.isconventionallydowngraded

B.issubjectedtogroundlessdoubts

C.hasbeenoverestimated

D.fallenvictimofbias

問題2選項

A.theU.Sworkforcehasabettereducation

B.theJapaneseworkforceisbetterdisciplined

C.theU.Sworkforceismoreorganized

D.theJapaneseworkforceismoreproductive

問題3選項

A.whenpeoplenolongerwenthungry

B.whenpeoplehadenoughtime

C.asaresultofpressureongovernment

D.priortobetterwaysoffindingfood

問題4選項

A.followsimprovedproductivity

B.resultsdirectlyfromcompetitiveenvironments

C.cannotaffordpoliticalchanges

D.doesnotdependoneconomicperformance

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:A

【解析】第1題:作者意圖題。題干:在第一段中作者認為在貧窮國家教育的重要性____?A選項“通常受到質(zhì)疑”;B選項“遭受無端質(zhì)疑”;C選項“被高估了”;D選項“是偏見的受害者”。根據(jù)題干定位到第一段第一、二、三句“在貧窮國家,正規(guī)教育與經(jīng)濟增長之間的關(guān)系被經(jīng)濟學(xué)家和政治家廣泛誤解。毫無疑問,這兩個領(lǐng)域的進步對于這些社會和所有其他社會的社會、政治和智力發(fā)展是必要的;然而,傳統(tǒng)觀點認為,教育應(yīng)該是促進窮國經(jīng)濟快速發(fā)展的最高優(yōu)先事項之一,這是錯誤的?!睆倪@里可以推測,作者認為教育在貧窮國家中重要,但是并不是促進窮國經(jīng)濟快速發(fā)展的最高優(yōu)先事項之一,即認為教育的重要性被高估了。答案選A。

第2題:事實細節(jié)題。題干:日本和美國的勞動者最大的區(qū)別是什么。A選項“美國勞動力受教育程度更高”;B選項“日本勞動力更有紀律”;C選項“美國勞動者更有組織”;D選項“日本勞動力生產(chǎn)效率更高”。根據(jù)題干定位到第二段最后一句話YettheresearchrevealedthattheU.S.factoriesofHonda,Nissan,andToyotaachievedabout95percentoftheproductivityoftheirJapanesecounterparts(然而,研究顯示,本田、尼桑和豐田在美國的工廠達到了日本同行的約95%的生產(chǎn)率)從這里可以知,雖然達到了95%,但是日本的生產(chǎn)率更高,答案選D。選項A錯誤;B、C選項文章沒有提及。

第3題:事實細節(jié)題。題干:作者舉出我們的祖先的例子是為了顯示教育出現(xiàn)?選項A“人們解決溫飽之后”;B選項“人們有時間以后”;C選項“是政府部門施壓的結(jié)果”;D選項“在找到更好的食物之前”。根據(jù)題干定位到第四段最后一句話Onlywhenhumanitybegantogetitsfoodinamoreproductivewaywastheretimeforotherthings.(只有當人類開始以更富有成效的方式獲取食物時,才有時間做其他事情。)從這里可知,D錯誤,答案選A。

第4題:推理判斷題。題干:根據(jù)最后一段,教育的發(fā)展?A選項“隨著提高的生產(chǎn)率而來”;B選項“直接來自競爭環(huán)境的結(jié)果”;C選項“無法承受政治變革”;D選項“不依賴于經(jīng)濟表現(xiàn)”。根據(jù)題干定位到最后一段第二句Thisincreasinglyhighlevelofeducationisprobablyanecessary,butnotasufficientconditionforthecomplexpoliticalsystemsrequiredbyadvancedeconomicperformance.(對于先進的經(jīng)濟表現(xiàn)所要求的復(fù)雜的政治制度來說,這種日益提高的教育水平可能是一個必要的,但不是一個充分的條件。)說明缺乏正規(guī)的教育并不能限制可以極大提高產(chǎn)量的世界勞動力的發(fā)展,而反之,對提高產(chǎn)量的限制能夠解釋為什么教育發(fā)展得沒有那么快。由此可知,提高產(chǎn)量優(yōu)先于發(fā)展教育,答案選A。

3.單選題

Manyofthemostdamagingandlifethreateningtypesofweathertorrentialrains,severethunderstorms,andtornadoesbeginquickly,strikesuddenly,anddisappearrapidly,destroyingsmallregionswhileleavingneighboringareasuntouched.SucheventasatornadostruckthenortheasternsectionofEdmonton,Alberta,inJuly1987.Totaldamagesfromthetornadoexceeded$250million,thehighesteverforanyCanadianstorm.

ConventionalcomputermodelsoftheatmospherehavelimitedvalueinpredictingshortlivedlocalstormsliketheEdmontontornado,becausetheavailableweatherdataaregenerallynotdetailedenoughtoallowcomputerstostudycarefullythesubtleatmosphericchangesthatcomebeforethesestorms.Inmostnations,forexample,weather-balloonobservationsaretakenjustonceeverytwelvehoursatlocationstypicallyseparatedbyhundredsofmiles.Withsuchlimiteddata,conventionalforecastingmodelsdoamuchbetterjobpredictinggeneralweatherconditionsoverlargeregionsthantheydoforecastingspecificlocalevents.

Untilrecently,theobservationintensiveapproachneededforaccurate,veryshort-rangeforecasts,or“Nowcasts”,wasnotfeasible.Thecostofequippingandoperatingmanythousandsofconventionalweatherstationswasextremelyhigh,andthedifficultiesinvolvedinrapidlycollectingandprocessingtherawweatherdatafromsuchanetworkwerehardtoovercome.Fortunately,scientificandtechnologicaladvanceshaveovercomemostoftheseproblems.Radarsystems,automatedweatherinstruments,andsatellitesareallcapableofmakingdetailed,nearlycontinuousobservationoverlargeregionsatarelativelylowcost.Communicationssatellitescantransmitdataaroundtheworldcheaplyandinstantaneously,andmoderncomputerscanquicklycompileandanalyzethislargevolumeofweatherinformation.Meteorologistsandcomputerscientistsnowworktogethertodesigncomputerprogramsandvideoequipmentcapableoftransformingrawweatherdataintowords,symbols,andvividgraphicdisplaysthatforecasterscaninterpreteasilyandquickly.Asmeteorologistshavebegunusingthesenewtechnologiesinweatherforecastingoffices,Nowcastingisbecomingareality.

1.Theword“exceeded”inparagraph1mostprobablymeans______.

2.Conventionalcomputermodelsoftheatmospherefailstopredictsuchashort-livedtornadobecause______.

3.Accordingtothepassage,theword“Nowcast”(paragraph3)means______.

4.Accordingtothepassage,______isthekeyfactortomaking“Nowcasts”areality.

5.Accordingtotheauthor,thepassagemainlydealswith______.

問題1選項

A.addedupto

B.weremorethan

C.wereabout

D.werelessthan

問題2選項

A.thecomputerisnotusedtoforecastspecificlocalevents

B.thecomputersarenotadvancedenoughtopredictit

C.theweatherdatapeoplecollectareoftenwrong

D.weatherconditionsinsomesmallregionsarenotavailable

問題3選項

A.awayofcollectingrawweatherdata

B.aforecastwhichcanpredicttheweatherconditionsinthesmallareainanaccurateway

C.anetworktocollectinstantweatherdata

D.amoreadvancedsystemofweatherobservation

問題4選項

A.scientificandtechnologicaladvancessuchasradar,orsatellites

B.computerscientist

C.meteorologists

D.advancedcomputerprograms

問題5選項

A.atornadoinEdmonton,Alberta

B.what’sa“Nowcast”

C.thedisadvantageofconventionalcomputermodelsoftheweatherforecast

D.abreakthroughinweatherforecast

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.語義推測題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“exceeded”可以定位到文章第一段第三句Totaldamagesfromthetornadoexceeded$250million(龍卷風(fēng)造成的總損失超過2.5億美元),說明“exceeded”在文中是指“超過”的意思。因此B選項“超過”正確。A選項“加起來”,C選項“大約”,D選項“少于”均不符合題意,所以A,C,D錯誤。

2.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第二段第一句ConventionalcomputermodelsoftheatmospherehavelimitedvalueinpredictingshortlivedlocalstormsliketheEdmontontornado,becausetheavailableweatherdataaregenerallynotdetailedenoughtoallowcomputerstostudycarefullythesubtleatmosphericchangesthatcomebeforethesestorms.(傳統(tǒng)的大氣計算機模型在預(yù)測像埃德蒙頓龍卷風(fēng)這樣短暫的局部風(fēng)暴方面價值有限,因為可用的天氣數(shù)據(jù)通常不夠詳細,不能讓計算機仔細研究這些風(fēng)暴來臨之前微妙的大氣變化。),接著指出conventionalforecastingmodelsdoamuchbetterjobpredictinggeneralweatherconditionsoverlargeregionsthantheydoforecastingspecificlocalevents.(傳統(tǒng)的天氣預(yù)報模式能夠較好地預(yù)測大范圍的總體天氣情況而不是具體的局部天氣事件),說明傳統(tǒng)的大氣計算機模型不能很好地預(yù)測龍卷風(fēng)是因為一些小區(qū)域的數(shù)據(jù)采集不到。因此D選項“一些小區(qū)域的天氣狀況無法獲得”正確。A選項“計算機不是用來預(yù)測具體的局部事件的”,B選項“計算機不夠先進,無法預(yù)測”,C選項“人們收集的天氣數(shù)據(jù)往往是錯誤的”在文中均沒有提及,所以A,B,C錯誤。

3.語義推測題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“Nowcast”可以定位到文章第三段第一句Untilrecently,theobservationintensiveapproachneededforaccurate,veryshort-rangeforecasts,or“Nowcasts”,wasnotfeasible.(直到最近,用于精確的、非常短期的預(yù)測或“臨近預(yù)報”的觀測密集方法還不可行。),由前面的“accurate,veryshort-rangeforecasts”可以推斷出,“Nowcast”在文中是指“準確、及時的天氣預(yù)報”的意思。因此B選項“一種可以準確預(yù)測小區(qū)域天氣狀況的預(yù)報”正確。A選項“一種收集原始天氣數(shù)據(jù)的方式”,C選項“一個收集即時天氣數(shù)據(jù)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)”,D選項“一個更先進的天氣觀測系統(tǒng)”均不符合題意,所以A,C,D錯誤。

4.客觀細節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章第三段第三句Fortunately,scientificandtechnologicaladvanceshaveovercomemostoftheseproblems.(幸運的是,科學(xué)和技術(shù)的進步已經(jīng)克服了這些問題中的大多數(shù)。),說明解決及時預(yù)報困難的關(guān)鍵因素是高科技的發(fā)展。因此A選項“科學(xué)和技術(shù)的進步,如雷達或衛(wèi)星”正確。B選項“計算機科學(xué)家”,C選項“氣象學(xué)家”,D選項“先進的計算機程序”均不符合題意,所以B,C,D錯誤。

5.主旨大意題。文章第一段介紹了某次龍卷風(fēng)造成的損失,指出傳統(tǒng)的計算機天氣預(yù)測模式由于沒有詳細的天氣情況數(shù)據(jù)而不能對類似于龍卷風(fēng)的暴風(fēng)雨做出及時的預(yù)報。接著提出直到最近,由于高科技的發(fā)展解決了人們收集天氣數(shù)據(jù)時的種種問題,才使得Nowcast這種準確、及時的天氣預(yù)報成為現(xiàn)實,可知文章主要講述了天氣預(yù)報方面的一大突破。因此D選項“天氣預(yù)報的突破性進展”最符合文章主旨。A選項“艾伯塔省埃德蒙頓市的一場龍卷風(fēng)”,B選項“什么是Nowcast”,C選項“傳統(tǒng)的天氣預(yù)報計算機模型的缺點”都只講了文章的某一方面,不能完整地概括文章主旨,所以A,B,C錯誤。

4.單選題

Americansmayhaveto()thenumberofprivatelyownedcarsanddependmoreonpublictransportationsystems.

問題1選項

A.breakdown

B.outdown

C.getdown

D.dropdown

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。breakdown“發(fā)生故障,毀掉”;getdown“吞下,使沮喪”;dropdown“落下,順著往下移動”。句意:美國人可能不得不降低私家車的數(shù)量。轉(zhuǎn)而依賴公共交通系統(tǒng)。只有D項符合,強調(diào)私家車數(shù)量的下降。

5.單選題

Thegovernmentistryingtodosomethingto(

)betterunderstandingbetweenthetwocountries.

問題1選項

A.raise

B.promote

C.heighten

D.increase

【答案】B

【解析】動詞詞義辨析。raise“提高,籌集,養(yǎng)育”;promote“促進,推動”;heighten“提高,增高,使更顯著”;increase“增加,增大”。句意:政府正在努力促進兩國之間更好的理解。因此選項B符合題意。

6.單選題

Stressisastateofimbalancebetweendemandsmadeonusfromoutsidesourcesandourcapabilitiestomeetthosedemands.Often,itprecedesandoccursconcurrentlywithconflict.Stress,asyouhaveseen,canbebroughtonbyphysicalevent,otherpeople’sbehavior,socialsituations,ourownbehavior,feelings,thoughts,oranythingthatresultsinheightenedbodilyawareness.Inmanycases,whenyouexperiencepain,anger,fear,ordepression,theseemotionsarearesponsetoastressfulsituationlikeconflict.

Sometimes,inhighlystressfulconflictsituations,wemustcopewiththestressbeforewecopewiththeconflict.Relievingsomeoftheintensityoftheimmediateemotionalresponsewillallowustobecomemorelogicalandtolerantinresolvingtheconflict.

Peopleresponddifferentlytoconflictjustastheyresponddifferentlytostress.Somepeoplehandlebothbetterthanothersdo.Individualdifferencesarenotasimportantaslearninghowtomanagethestresswefeel.Thegoalinstressmanagementisselfcontrol,particularlyinthefaceofstressfulevents.

Controllingphysicalsymptomsofstressrequiresrelaxation.Sitinacomfortablepositioninaquietplacewheretherearenodistractions.Closeyoureyesandpaynoattentiontotheoutsideworld.Concentrateonlyonyourbreathing.Slowlyinhaleandexhale.Now,witheachexhaledbreathsay“relax”gentlyandpassively.Makeitarelaxingexperience.Ifyouusethismethodtohelpyouinconflictsituationsoveraperiodoftime,theword“relax”willbecomeassociatedwithasenseofphysicalcalm;sayingitinastressfulsituationwillhelpinduceasenseofpeace.

Controllingyourthoughtisthesecondmajorelementinstressmanagement.Managingstresssuccessfullyrequiresflexibilityinthinking.Thatis,youmustconsideralternativeviews.Yourcurrentviewiscausingthestress!Yourmustalsokeepfromattachingexaggeratedimportancetoevents.

Everythingseemslife-threateninginmomentofpanic;thingsdiminimportancewhenviewedinretrospect.

1.Themainpointofthisreadingisthat(

).

2.Controllingyourthoughtalwaysinvolves

).

3.Humanresponsetostressis

).

4.Theauthor’sprimarypurposeinwritingthesectionisto

).

5.Whichofthefollowingstatementsincludedinthesectionmostdirectlysupportsthewriter’sviewthatstressitcontrollable?

問題1選項

A.stressisanimbalanceofinternalandexternaldemands.

B.controllingphysicalreactionsandthoughtsisaneffectivemeansofmanagingstress

C.relaxationisthekeytosuccessfulstressmanagement

D.stressmanagementrequiresaproblem-solvingapproach

問題2選項

A.consideringthesituationinalternativeviewpoints

B.visualizingyourselfmanagingthestress

C.relaxationtechniquestoemanatephysicalsymptoms

D.asenseofbeingoverwhelmedbythesituation

問題3選項

A.universal

B.variableaccordingtosex

C.unchanging

D.individual

問題4選項

A.explaintherelationshipbetweenstressandconflict

B.instructthereaderhowtocontrolstress

C.describerelaxationtechniques

D.persuadethereadertoreducestressthroughbreathing

問題5選項

A.Thingsdiminimportancewhenviewedinretrospect.

B.Stressisanimbalancebetweendemands.

C.Peopleresponddifferentlytoconflict,justastheyresponddifferentlytostress.

D.Managingstresssuccessfullyrequiresflexibilityinthinking.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】第1題:主旨大意題。本文主要講了壓力管理,以及應(yīng)對壓力管理的兩種方式——身體反應(yīng)控制與思維控制。因此選B,控制身體反應(yīng)和思維是管理壓力的有效手段。

第2題:細節(jié)事實題。由文章倒數(shù)第二段中Thatis,youmustconsideralternativeviews.Yourcurrentviewiscausingthestress!Yourmustalsokeepfromattachingexaggeratedimportancetoevents.(也就是說,你必須考慮其他觀點。你當前的觀點是造成壓力的原因!你也必須避免過分重視這件事)因此選A,考慮替代觀點的情況。

第3題:細節(jié)事實題。由文章第三段中Peopleresponddifferentlytoconflictjustastheyresponddifferentlytostress.(人們對沖突的反應(yīng)不同,正如他們對壓力的反應(yīng)也不同)可知選D,人類對壓力的反應(yīng)是個體的。

第4題:主旨大意題。由第一題以及文章大意,可知作者寫這篇文章的目的是為了介紹壓力管理的方法,因此選B。

第5題:觀點態(tài)度題。題干:以下哪一項包括在最直接支持作者的觀點的部分中,強調(diào)它是可控的?作者認為壓力管理可以通過身體反應(yīng)控制與思維控制來進行,因此D選項“成功的管理壓力需要思維的靈活性”符合題意。

7.單選題

Someonewhois()usuallysaystheoppositeofwhattheyreallymeaninordertoinsultsomeone.

問題1選項

A.artistic

B.fantastic

C.sarcastic

D.romantic

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。artistic“藝術(shù)的,風(fēng)雅的”;fantastic“奇異的;不可思議的;極好的”;sarcastic“挖苦的;尖刻的”;romantic“浪漫的;多情的;空想的”。句意:那些尖酸刻薄的人經(jīng)常說反話來侮辱別人。由后半句saystheoppositeofwhattheyreallymeaninordertoinsultsomeone可知此空填貶義詞,并且只有C項符合所描述的對象的特征,故C項正確。

8.單選題

Theuniversityrefusedtoaccepthimbecausehewasnot(

)foradmission.

問題1選項

A.admissible

B.permissible

C.eligible

D.suitable

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。admissible意為“(尤指法庭)可接受的,受理的”;permissible意為“容許的,許可的”;eligible意為“有資格的,合格的,具備條件的”;suitable意為“合適的,適當?shù)摹薄?/p>

句意:這所大學(xué)拒絕接收他,因為他不合入學(xué)資格。

9.翻譯題

Directions:TranslatethefollowingpartintoEnglish.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.

我們要樹立必勝信念、繼續(xù)埋頭苦干,貫徹創(chuàng)新、協(xié)調(diào)、綠色、開放、共享的發(fā)展理念,著力推進結(jié)構(gòu)性改革,著力推進改革開放,著力促進社會公平正義,著力營造政治上的綠水青山,為全面建成小康社會決勝階段開好局、起好步。

【答案】Weshouldremainfirminourconvictiontosucceed,continuetoworkhardandimplementthevisionofachievinginnovative,coordinated,green,openandshareddevelopment.Wewillendeavortocarryoutstructuralreform,acceleratereformandopening-up,promotesocialequityandjustice,andcreateasoundpoliticalenvironment.Doingsowillenableustogetofftoagoodstartinoureffortstofinishbuildingamoderatelyprosperoussocietyinallrespectsinthisdecisivestage.

10.單選題

Lowinterestratescreatedeasycreditconditions,fuelingahousingconstructionboomandencouragingconsumption.

問題1選項

A.contaminating

B.extinguishing

C.stimulating

D.transporting

【答案】C

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.contaminating污染,弄臟B.extinguishing(使)消亡,破滅

C.stimulating激勵;促進D.transporting運輸;使身臨其境

【考查點】動詞辨析

【解題思路】劃線部分是前文“低利率創(chuàng)造了寬松的信貸條件”帶來的結(jié)果;原文and并列fuelingahousingconstructionboom“____住房建設(shè)熱潮”和encouragingconsumption“鼓勵消費”,那么劃線詞應(yīng)與encouraging“鼓勵”語義方向一致,C選項stimulating“刺激;激勵”符合語境。原詞fuel“刺激;推動”。

【干擾項排除】A、B、D選項與原文語境不符。

【句意】低利率創(chuàng)造了寬松的信貸條件,推動了住房建設(shè)熱潮并鼓勵了消費。

11.單選題

Onlytakesuchclothes(

)reallynecessary.

問題1選項

A.aswere

B.astheyare

C.astheywere

D.asare

【答案】D

12.單選題

Inthesearchforsolutiontoseeminglyoverwhelmingproblems,itbecameincreasingly______toincluderadical,evenrevolutionaryideas.

問題1選項

A.stable

B.absolute

C.immortal

D.plausible

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項stable“穩(wěn)定的”;B選absolute項“絕對的”;C選項immortal“不朽的”;D選項plausible“看似合理的”。句意:在尋找看似無法解決的問題的解決方案時,激進的,甚至是革命性的主意越來越______。根據(jù)語境,plausible“看似合理的”搭配ideas“主意”比較合理,指激進的方法更加可行,D選項plausible“看似合理的”符合題意。因此D選項正確。

13.翻譯題

人們不會再建造大學(xué)校,而是會縮減現(xiàn)今存在的學(xué)校的規(guī)模以滿足不斷變化的學(xué)生需求,這些學(xué)生愿意把很多時間花在不到校學(xué)習(xí)上。隨著每天到校的學(xué)生越來越少,需要的設(shè)備也就越來越少,那么,在設(shè)備上的投資也就越來越少,設(shè)備的價值很快也就喪失了。教育機構(gòu)的電腦會被連接到能提供幾乎是沒有限制的計算能力和不斷更新的軟件的網(wǎng)絡(luò)上。在科技和基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施上節(jié)省下來的資金會被用到為所有學(xué)生提供更好的教學(xué)設(shè)施,通過掌上電腦給所有學(xué)生提供可以進入到計算機網(wǎng)絡(luò)中心的接入口。學(xué)生將用這些掌上電腦完成所有的學(xué)習(xí)任務(wù),上傳和下載信息,打印報告,進入網(wǎng)絡(luò),還有就是存儲他們研究的結(jié)果。

不公正并不會在2010年就消失。然而,無論是因為經(jīng)濟等級,還是精神或體格的需要,富人和窮人之間的不平等會直接通過政策,管理和經(jīng)濟上的優(yōu)先權(quán)加以削弱。這些優(yōu)先權(quán)會促使將用于建筑和管理的費用轉(zhuǎn)向以學(xué)生為驅(qū)動的費用,即為所有的學(xué)生準備可以進入到先進學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境的必備的學(xué)習(xí)工具。所有的學(xué)生都將有機會讓他們自己為充滿競爭的新經(jīng)濟社會做好準備。教育機會不再會因為個人出身低或是沒有資源而被損失掉。

社區(qū)會在教育中扮演更為重要的角色。當?shù)氐钠髽I(yè)會在學(xué)生的專業(yè)實習(xí)準備中發(fā)揮重要的作用。這些企業(yè)如果在此活動中表現(xiàn)突出的話,可以接受稅務(wù)減免。

【答案】【參考譯文】

AVisionofEducationintheYear201014.單選題

Theteamhasbeenworkingovertimeontheresearchproject(

).

問題1選項

A.lately

B.justnow

C.late

D.longago

【答案】A

【解析】考察副詞詞義辨析。lately“近來,不久前”;justnow“剛剛”;late“晚,遲;在晚期”;longago“很久以前”。句意:這個團隊近來一直在為這個項目加班。選項A符合題意。

15.翻譯題

Oncampus,youwillquicklydiscoverthatanimportantpartofthecultureisawillingnesstostayengagedwithproblemsandarguments,tokeeppushingforasharedvocabularyandasharedunderstanding.Youwillencounterapost-Enlightenmentsensibility,underwhichmoreandmorecornersofhumanexperiencearesusceptibletocriticalanalysisanddebate.Fewerandfewerdomainsoflifefeellikemattersofpurelypersonaltaste—chocolateorvanilla—thingsthataretruly“just,like,youropinion.”Andyouwillfindyourselfspendingmanyhours,lateatnightandearlyinthemorning,searchingforthatsharedunderstanding.Andhereyouwilldiscoveroneoftheuniversity’sgreatstrengthsasacommunity.Itdoesn’ttakemuchworktosearchforasharedunderstandingwithsomeonewhoisprettymuchlikeyou.Butittakesrealefforttosearchforasharedunderstandingwithsomeonewhoisdifferent.Themostprofoundoptimismunderlyinghighereducationtodayisthesimultaneousrecognitionthat,ontheoneband,differencesofview,background,andperspectivearerealandimportant,and,ontheotherhand,peoplewhoholdthosedifferencescancometogetherforfouryearsonabeautifulhilltop,listentooneanotherwithtoleranceandrespect,andengage.

【答案】參考譯文:

在校園,你將很快發(fā)現(xiàn)校園文化的一個重要組成部分,那就是愿意面對問題和爭論,為共享的詞匯和共享的理解而不斷努力。你們將面對后啟蒙時代的感性,在這種感性力量下,人類經(jīng)驗中越來越多的角落容易受到批判性分析和辯論的影響。生活中越來越少的領(lǐng)域感覺像純粹個人品味的事情,例如選擇巧克力味或香草味,這些事情才是真正的“只是你的觀點”。你將發(fā)現(xiàn)自己會為了尋求共享的理解而花很多時間,通宵達旦。你將發(fā)現(xiàn)大學(xué)作為一個團體的偉大力量之一。和一個與你相似的人達成共同的理解并不需很大的工夫,但是要和一個與你不同的人達成共識就不是什么容易的事了。現(xiàn)今的高等教育最值得樂觀的一點是,同時意識到了這兩個方面:一是不同的看法、背景和觀點很重要;二是那些持有不同觀點的人們能相聚在一起,在一個美麗的山頂共處四年,相互容忍,相互尊重和相互影響。

16.單選題

MostbroadcastersmaintainthatTVhasbeenunfairlycriticizedandarguethatpowerofthemediumis().

問題1選項

A.granted

B.implied

C.exaggerated

D.remedied

【答案】C

【解析】granted授予,同意;implied暗示;exaggerated夸張;remedied補救。句意:大多數(shù)廣播公司認為電視受到了不公正的批評,認為媒體的力量被夸大了。

17.單選題

HeclaimedthathewouldcompileanEnglishmasterpieceifhecouldfinda(n)______todealwiththelessessentialparts.

問題1選項

A.accomplice

B.collaborator

C.confederate

D.cobber

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項accomplice“同謀者;共犯”,指在犯罪行為中幫助另一個人;B選項collaborator“合作者;協(xié)作者;合著者”,指在做好事中幫助另一個人;C選項confederate“同盟國,同盟者;幫兇;美國南部邦聯(lián)支持者”,常指國家或政府層面的結(jié)盟;D選項cobber“伙伴;朋友”,不常用,屬于澳洲俚語。句意:他聲稱,如果他能找到一位______來處理不太重要的部分,他將編寫一部英語杰作。此處填“合著者”一詞更符合句意,所以B選項正確。

18.單選題

TheancientChinesethoughtcometswerecelestialbroomswieldedbythegodstosweeptheheavensfreeofevil.IntheWesttheywerebelievedtopresagethefallofJerusalem,thedeathofmonarchsandsuchanomaliesastwo-headedcalves.TheNormanConquestofEnglandwasattributedtothe1006flybyofHalley’s,history’smostfamouscomet,whichhasbeenlinkedtoeverythingfromJuliusCaesar’sassassinationtothedefeatofAttilatheHun.ToldthatEarthwouldpassthroughHalley’stailduringits1910visit,manyAmericanspanickedandboughtgasmasksand“cometpills.”

AlanHalecallsthesewavesoffearandmysticism“cometmadness,”andascodiscovererofCometHale-Bopp,he’sseenmorethanhisshare.Eversincehisfindwasannounced,hehasbeeninundatedwithinquiries,pronouncementsandaccusationsfromthecometaryfringe.

Halehasfoundthatthearrivalofamajorcomet—especiallysoneartheendofamillennium—isstillwidelyregardedasanomenofupheavalanddisasterSeveralChristianFundamentalists,hewritesinthecurrentissueofSkepticalInquirer,haveproclaimedHale-Bopptobeoneofthe“signsoftheendtimes”foretoldintheNewTestament.TheyalsosuggestthatthecometmightbetheobjectdescribedinRevelation8:10asagreatstarnamedWormwoodthat“fellfromheaven,blazinglikeatorch.”Wormwood,accordingtotheBible,destroysathirdofalmosteverything:people,land,riversandseas.Othersclaimthatthecometissomekindofalienmothership“underintelligentcontrol.”

SpeculationreachedafeverpitchlastNovemberwhenChuckShramek,anamateurastronomerbasedinHouston,Texas,announcedonaU.S.radiotalkshowthathehadphotographeda“Satum-likeobject”thatseemedtobefollowinginHale-Bopp'swake.Shramek’sbreathlessclaimelevatedHale-BoppfantasiesfromsupermarkettabloidstothemainstreampressandgeneratedthousandsofpoststomessageboardsandastronomyhomepagesontheInternet.Onefast-spreadingrumorhaditthattheobjectwasanalienspacecraftfourtimesthesizeofEarth.

Halewasbarragedwithreporters’queries,andinanefforttocalmthereporters,heinvestigatedShramek’sphotographanddeterminedthatthe“object”initwasanordinaryeighth-magnitudestar.AfterpostinghisconclusionsontheNet,HalebecamethetargetofafloodofhateE-mail,muchofitaccusinghimofbeingpartofaconspiracytosuppressthetruenatureofHale-Bopp.

Haleacknowledgesthatitwasonlynaturalforourancestorstobeapprehensiveaboutthefieryapparitionsinthenightsky.Butheisimpatientwithhismodemcounterparts,whoshouldknowbetter.“Iaskreaderstotreatalltheseirresponsiblereportswiththedisdaintheydeserve,”hesays,“andinsteadenjoythebeautyofthecometforitsownsake,”

1.Thebesttitleforthispassagewouldbe()

2.AlanHale’sattitudetowardshiscontemporaryastronomers’sreportsaboutnewlydiscoveredcometsis()

3.WhichofthefollowingisFALSEaccordingtothepassage?

4.Judgingbythecontext,theword“inundated”inParagraphTwomostprobablymeans()

5.Wecanconcludefromthepassagethat()

問題1選項

A.Comets,OmensofDisasters

B.TheDiscoveryofCometHale-Bopp

C.AlanHale,AGreatAstronomer

D.CrazyaboutComets

問題2選項

A.contemptuous

B.unconcerned

C.liberal

D.positive

問題3選項

A.ThereareavarietyofexplanationsofComet-Bopp.

B.IntheWest,cometsareregardedasomensofupheavalsanddisasters.

C.AlanHalehasdiscoveredmanyothercometsexceptcometHale-Bopp.

D.ManypeoplewerenotsatisfiedbyAlanHale’sinterpretationofChuckShramek’sfind.

問題4選項

A.relished

B.overwhelmed

C.charged

D.deprived

問題5選項

A.ChuckShramek’sclaimcausedagreatpublicconcernandinterest

B.AlanHaleisnotfondofE-mail

C.Fewastronomersaresuperstitious

D.MostAmericansarenotimpressionable

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.主旨大意題。本文首段提到西方人們對彗星的恐懼,接下來主要講了天文學(xué)家Hale對彗星的研究以及受到人們的指控。所以選項C更符合本文主題。

2.觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段的第二句“Butheisimpatientwithhismodemcounterparts,whoshouldknowbetter.”但他對當代的天文學(xué)家們沒有耐心,他認為他們應(yīng)該知道得更多。由此推斷,Hale

的是輕蔑的。選項A正確。unconcerned不關(guān)心的;liberal慷慨的;positive積極的。

3.細節(jié)事實題。文中只提到Hale發(fā)現(xiàn)了波普彗星,但沒有說發(fā)現(xiàn)了許多其他的彗星,所以選項C表述錯誤。

4.詞義題。根據(jù)原文:自從他宣布了自己的發(fā)現(xiàn),他就被各種調(diào)查、聲明和指控淹沒了。選項B符合原文。relished品味;charged被指控;deprived被剝奪。

5.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第四段的倒數(shù)第二句“Shramek’sbreathlessclaimelevated...ontheInternet.”Shramek令人窒息的聲明將Comet-Bopp的幻想從超市小報提升到了主流媒體,并在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上的留言板和天文學(xué)主頁上發(fā)布了數(shù)千條帖子。選項A符合原文。

19.單選題

Theseseatsare(

)foroldandsickpeople.

問題1選項

A.conserved

B.deserved

C.preserved

D.reserved

【答案】D

【解析】近義詞辨析題。A選項conserved“保存,保全”;B選項deserved“值得”;C選項preserved“保藏”;D選項reserved“保留”。句意:這些座位是留給老人和病人的。bereservedfor意為“為…保留”,所以選項D符合句意。

20.單選題

AllthenewknowledgewhichDr.Smithhasexplainedandprovidedisatlengthdevelopedandestablished.

問題1選項

A.surely

B.eventually

C.precisely

D.consequently

【答案】B

【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。A選項surely“當然;無疑;堅定地;穩(wěn)當?shù)亍保籅選項eventually“最后,終于”;C選項precisely“精確地;恰恰”;D選項consequently“因此;結(jié)果;所以”。句意:史密斯博士解釋并提供的新知識最終得到了發(fā)展和確立。結(jié)合此處關(guān)鍵詞atlength“終究;終歸;最終”,得知B為正確答案。

21.單選題

Hewasconstraininghismindnotto(

)fromthelecture.

問題1選項

A.wonder

B.wander

C.cruise

D.travel

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項wonder“想知道;驚訝”;B選項wander“不集中,走神”;C選項cruise“巡航,巡游;漫游”;D選項travel“旅行”。填入一個動詞構(gòu)成不定式做賓補說明hismind“他的思想”,由此可知wander“(因厭倦或焦慮而注意力)不集中,走神”符合題意,句意為:他在限

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