系統(tǒng)解剖學(xué)PPT課件-顱骨

TheSkull王配軍醫(yī)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)網(wǎng)課件組

11.掌握顱的組成，腦顱、面顱的劃分。2.掌握顱底內(nèi)面觀的主要結(jié)構(gòu)。3.掌握眶、骨性鼻腔的形態(tài)特征。骨性鼻旁竇的名稱、位置及開口。4.掌握顱骨的常用骨性標(biāo)志：眉弓、顴弓、下頜角、舌骨、乳突、枕外隆突。5.了解新生兒顱骨的特征及生后變化。目的要求2系統(tǒng)解剖學(xué)的課程要求和學(xué)習(xí)方法

課程要求

（1）掌握人體解剖學(xué)的基本內(nèi)容和基本技能，掌握常用英文解剖學(xué)詞匯，正確認(rèn)識(shí)各器官、結(jié)構(gòu)的正常位置與形態(tài)，并能正確應(yīng)用解剖學(xué)術(shù)語描述。（2）培養(yǎng)自學(xué)能力、觀察能力、表達(dá)能力以及分析問題和解決問題的能力。

3學(xué)習(xí)方法（1）樹立正確的學(xué)習(xí)目的和態(tài)度。（2）勤于思考，善于聯(lián)系，發(fā)現(xiàn)規(guī)律。（3）形態(tài)與功能結(jié)合。（4）局部與整體結(jié)合。（5）理論與實(shí)際結(jié)合。如何學(xué)習(xí)？如何記憶？學(xué)科特點(diǎn)？4運(yùn)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)5TheskullTheskullcontains23bones.Theskullisdividedintotwoparts:cranialskullandfacialskull.67(一）Thecranial

skull

Thecerebralcraniumconsistsofeightcranialbones.

onefrontaloneethmoidonesphenoidoneoccipitaltwoparietaltwotemporal

8

maxillapalatinepairedzygomaticbonesnasallacrimalbones

inferiornasalconchaevomerUnpairedmandibleboneshyoid(二）Thefacialskull

Thefacialcraniumarefifteeninnumber.91.Themandible

2.Thehyoidangleofmandible10(三）Thewhole

viewoftheskull

1.Thesuperioraspectoftheskull

coronalsuturesagittalsuturelambdoidsuture

2.Theposterioraspectoftheskull

externaloccipitalprotuberance

superiornuchalline11

3.TheinternalsurfaceofthebaseofskullItisdividedintothreefossa.Thesearetheanterior,themiddleandtheposteriorcranialfossa.12frontalcrestforamencecumcristagallicribriformplatcribriformforamina

(1)The

anteriorcranialfossa13

hypophysialfossa

opticcanalanteriorclinoidprocessdorsumsellaeposteriorclinoidprocess

superiororbitalfissure

foramenlacerumforamenrotundumforamenovaleforamenspinosum

sulcusformiddlemeningealartery(2)The

middlecranialfossa14

foramenmagnum

hypoglossalcanalinternaloccipitalprotuberancesulcusforsuperiorsagittalsinussulcusfortransversesinussulcusforsigmoidsinusjugularforameninternalacousticpore

(3)The

posteriorcranialfossa15

4.Theexternalsurfaceofthebaseofskullalveolararchincisiveforaminagreaterpalatine

posteriornasalapertures

occipitalcondylehypoglossalcanaljugularforamenstyloidprocessstylomastoidforamen

16

5.Thelateralviewofskull

externalacousticpore

mastoid

processzygomaticarch

temporalfossa

infratemporalfossa

pterion

pterygopalatinefossa17硬膜外出血翼點(diǎn)18

6.Thefrontviewofskull

(2)theorbits

①orbitalopeningsupraorbitalforamen(notch)②orbitalapex:opticcanal③superiorwall:lacrimalfossa④

medialwall:lacrimalsacfossa,nasolacrimalcanal(1)theforehead

superciliaryarch⑤inferiorwall:inferiororbitalfissure,inferiororbitalforamen⑥lateralwall:superiororbitalfissure19

nasalseptemsuperiormiddleconchaeinferiorsuperiormiddlemeatusinferior

sphenoethmoidalrecess(3)thebonynasalcavity20

(4)theparanasalsinuses

①thefrontalsinuses