2020屆上海市靜安區(qū)高三二模英語 Word版含答案

20202020高考20202020高考2020屆上海市靜安區(qū)高三二模英語I．ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.A.Atabookstore.B.Atalibrary.C.Atanartgallery.D.Atatravelagency.A.ThemanisallowedtopayhisregistrationfeesuntilFriday.IfthemanpaysonFriday,hewillpayalatefee.Themanwillnotbefinedfornotpayingontime.ThemanisallowedtopayafterFridayforgoodreasons.A.Shereaditfromcovertocover.B.Shereaditselectively.C.Shereaditchapterbychapter.D.Shefinishedreadingitovernight.A.Shefeltverysorry.B.Shefeltabitannoyed.C.Shefeltshocked.D.Shefeltveryexcited.A.Thefurnishedapartmentwasinexpensive.Themanboughtafurnishedapartment.ThefurnitureatthemarketisonsaleeverySunday.D.Thesecondhandfurnitureheboughtwasverycheap.A.Hefeelsguilty.B.Hefeelsshameful.C.Heisshameless.D.Heissensitivetooutsidecriticism.A.Hewasinhospitalforalongtime.Hewasslightlyinjuredinatrafficaccident.Hewasseriouslyinjuredinamineexplosion.D.Hewasseverelyfinedforspeeding.B.Tonydidn'B.Tonydidn'thavemuchworktodo.D.Tonylikeswatchingsportsbetter.B.Theyneedsomefinancialsupport.D.Theideaisimpractical.C.Tonydoesn'tlikewatchingsports.A.Theyneedmorepeopletohelpthem.C.Shehastoleavesoon.A.Janewasluckyenoughnottobecaughtintherain.Janewascaughtintherainbecauseshewalkedhome.Janehadtowalkbackhomeinspiteoftheheavyrain.ItwasraininghardwhenJanecamebackonfoot.SectionB

Directions:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation,andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachofthepassagesandthelongerconversation.Thepassagesandthelongerconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.B.Havingadailydietofgumleaves.D.Storingitsleafydietinalargetube.B.Becauseitsbodygetsslightlywet.D.Becauseitrarelydrinkswater.B.Havingadailydietofgumleaves.D.Storingitsleafydietinalargetube.B.Becauseitsbodygetsslightlywet.D.Becauseitrarelydrinkswater.C.Lookingforfoodinanextensivearea.A.Becauseitlivesonlyinwetland.C.Becauseitsucksitsmother'smilk.A.Itleavesitsmotherhalfayearafterbirth.B.Ithasbeencarriedonitsmother'sbacksinceitsbirth.C.Itistendedinitsmother'spouch（育兒袋）andthencarriedonherback.D.Itstaysinitsmother'spouchforayearafterbirth.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.A.Sellitatalocalshop.B.Refusethemarriagegift.C.Justkeepitforlateruse.D.Exchangeitforsomethinguseful.A.Becausehehopestohaveasmanyasthreechildren.B.Becausehehastomakeafortuneforhiswife'sfamily.C.Becausehehasnoothergiftstoexchangeatmarriage.Becauseitisanecessarypartatamarriageceremony.A.Whattheimportanceofbrideserviceis.B.Howmarriagecustomsvaryindifferentcultures.C.WhataweddingceremonyislikeintheUSA.D.Howweexpressgoodwishestonewcouples.Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.A.Frenchfoodwasthehealthiestfoodintheworld.B.Frenchfoodwassupposedtobethebestintheworld.C.FrenchfoodwasnobetterthanBritishfood.Frenchfoodwasdelicious.A.Bycar.B.Bycoach.C.Bytrain.D.Byship.A.Uncookedbacon（培根）andeggs.B.Fishandchips.C.AbigFrenchbreakfast.D.DeliciousEnglishbreakfast.C.AbigFrenchbreakfast.B.ThemanisfromBritain.A.Theman'sparentsarebothteachers.B.ThemanisfromBritain.C.ThemanhasbeentoFrancemanytimes.D.ThemanlikesFrenchfoodverymuch.II．GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.TheShopWhereIt'sOKtoBeDifferentWhenAngelaMakeyknewherautistic(患自閉癥的)sonAdamwantedtoopenacomicshop,shelaughedoutloud.Sheknewhe'dbeenkeenoncomicssincechildhood.Buthowwouldhedealwithcustomersandsuppliersandalltheotherjobs(21)arenecessaryforrunningabusiness?Atthattime,Adamwaslookingforajob.Hehadadegreeinphilosophyandhadlearnedtoliveindependently,buttheredidn'tseemtobeanysuitablejobsforhim.Thefamily(22)(hope)heandhisyoungerbrotherGuy,alsowithautism,couldfindworkthatmatchedtheirstrengths:reliability,punctualityandattentiontodetail.Buttherewerenoavailableopportunities.Sothe“l(fā)aughable”comicshopideabegantogrowonAngela.Eventually,sheusedhersavingstobuyashopinCambridgeshire,andsevenyearsagoNicheComics(23)(bear).Likemanyautisticpeople,Adamlovescomicsfortheirworldofrichdetailandvisualexpression.HedevelopedaninterestinMarvelcomicheroesonTV(24)hewassevenyearsold.“Theyareareminder(25)it'sOKnottobelikeeveryoneelse,”Adamsaid.He'snow30,andcomicsandtheirheroesarestillpartofhislife.Inthecomicshop,thebrotherssharetheirencyclopedic(淵博的)knowledgeofcomicswithcustomers.Thebrothersactasguidesinthisuniverse,(26)(introduce)customerstonewcomics.Theshopattractsmanyautisticcustomers.Andbeingautistic(27)turnsouttobeabighelpforthebrotherstodealwithcustomers.Theyaregoodat(28)(spot)thecustomers'needsandfeelings.“Maybeit'sthetoneofthevoice,themotionofahand—smalldetailsthatmostpeoplewon'tpickupon—thatImighthaveinsight(深刻理解)into,”saysGuy.Ofcourse,themajorityofcustomerswhocometotheshoparenotautistic.Nowthebrothersgetasteadystreamofcustomerswhoare,bothmaleandfemale,(29)youngchildrentoretiredpeople.Oncetheshophadestablisheditself,thebrothersalsobeganreachingouttopeoplewithautismbeyondtheshop.Sevenyearson,Angelaisgladshetooktheriskofhelpinghersons(30)(create)theirdreamshop.“Thisshophasasoul,”themothersaysproudly.SectionBDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonly20202020高考20202020高考beusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.banB.relevantC.pressureD.jointlyE.channelsF.maintainsG.addressesH.independentlyI.majorJ.platformK.consumptionNewE-CommerceLawTakesEffectChina'snewe-commercelaw,whichwaspassedlastAugust,tookeffectonJanuary1.ThelawcomesamidtherapiddevelopmentofChinaintotheworld'slargeste-commercemarket.Thelawaimstoregulatethemarketandcreateasound(31)environment.Itcoverstherequirementforregistrationandlicensingofe-commerceoperators,taxation,electronicpayment,etc.Italso(32)otherimportantaspectsofe-commerce,includingfalseadvertising,consumerprotection,dataprotection,intellectualpropertyandcybersecurity.Thenewlawwillapplytothreetypesofoperators.Theseincludee-commerce(33)operatorslikeTaobao,third-partymerchantswhosellgoodsandservicesone-commerceplatforms,andonlinevendors(供應(yīng)商)whodobusinessviaothernetwork(34),suchassocialmediasites.Itmeansthatmerchantswhosellgoodsthroughnon-traditionale-commerceplatforms,suchasWeChat,willfallunderthenewlaw.Thesesellerswillnowneedtofinishtheirbusinessregistrationandpay(35)taxes.Thelawwillmakealle-commerceplatformoperators(36)responsiblewiththemerchantsforsellinganyfakeorknock-offgoodsontheirwebsites.Beforethelawtookeffect,individualmerchantsweresolelyresponsiblewhencaughtsellingliable(負(fù)有償付責(zé)任的)goods.Theimplementationofthelawmaybring(37)ononlineretail(零售)companiesandmerchantssellinggoodsthroughsocialmediasites.Manyprivateshoppingagents(knownasdaigou)areconsideringwhethertocontinuetheserviceunderthenewpolicysinceitwillincreasethemanagementcostandleadtoariseintheproductprice.Butthenewlawdoesnotaimto(38)smalltomediumsizedonlineretailer.Instead,ithelpslaythelegalfoundationforthegrowthofthee-commercebusinessindustry,(39)orderinthemarketandfurtherpromotesitsgrowth.Besides,thelawwillhelpcleanupChina'sreputationasa(40)sourceoffakeorknock-offgoods.Inthelongterm,consumerswillbenefitfromit.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.HowSavingWildlifeBenefitsHumansIt'snosecretthatwe'velostanoverwhelmingnumberofspecieswithinthatlastfourdecades.Thesespecieshaveallbut__41__duetooverpopulation,deforestation,consumerculture,climatechange,animalexploitation,andotherharmingsources—allbroughtaboutbymankind.Oneofthefirstgreatrulesofterrestrial（陸地的）biologyis“nospeciesisforever.”__42__,thisrapidlossofspeciestodayisestimatedtobebetween1,000and10,000timeshigherthanthenaturalextinctionrate.Asincreasinglyacceptedtheorieshaveargued,wearenowinthemidstofthesixthgreat__43__.TheEarthconsistsofplants,animals,water,land,theatmosphere,andhumans.Biodiversity（生物多樣性）__44__thehealthoftheplanetandhasagreatimpactonallourlives.Reducedbiodiversitymeansafuturewherefoodsuppliesarevulnerable（易受攻擊的）topestsanddisease,andfreshwaterisinshortsupply.Ifbiodiversity__45__impactsourlivesinsuchbigways,thenourconservation（環(huán)保）effortsdon'tjustbenefittheenvironment,theybenefitus,too.Oneconvincingbenefitthatcomesfromwildlifeconservationeffortsisthatitensuresfood__46__.Wildlifeconservationpromotesagriculturalbiodiversity,whichplaysanimportantroleinbuildingasecureandhealthyfoodsystem.Whenagriculturalbiodiversityis__47__andlandisclearedforagriculture,extensivehabitatlosstakesplace,aswellasundocumentedlossofspeciesandmassivesoilerosion（侵蝕）.Anotherbenefitthatcomesfromwildlifeconservationisthatthese__48__protecthumanhealth.ConservationInternationalreportsthat“morethan50percentofmodernmedicinesandmorethan90percentoftraditionalmedicinescomefromwildplantsandanimals.”__49__,aworldthatpromoteshealthyecosystemsandbiodiversityprovidescrucialbuffers（緩沖）betweendiseaseandhumans.Anumberofstudieshave__50__reduceddiversityamongmammal（哺乳動物）speciesandoveralldecreasesinbiodiversitytoanincreaseinthetransmission（傳播）ofanimal-borndiseasestohumans.Perhapsthemostconvincingbenefitthatcomesfromwildlifeconservationisthatitprovidesuswith__51__,whetheritbeeconomicallyorsocially.Increasingbiodiversityandhealthyecosystemsimproveagriculturalproductivity,therebyallowingfarmstobecomemore__52__.Healthyecosystemsthatarehometouniquespecies__53__touristsfromaroundtheworld,whichhelpsthelocaleconomyandinvitesinanewfusionofinvestment.Ourunsustainable,unconscious,self-interestedrelationshipwiththeenvironmenthasledusintoanextremelydestructibleworld.Ifwedonottakeactionand__54__changingourways,weareatriskoflosingmorevitaland__55__ecosystemsandbiodiversity,oratleastuntilthesixthgreatextinctionclaimsonefinalspecies:ourown.41.A.changedB.existedC.disappearedD.evolved42.A.FurthermoreB.HoweverC.ThereforeD.Otherwise43.A.extinctionB.destructionC.evolutionD.immigration44.A.threatensB.localizesC.strengthensD.endangers45.A.infrequentlyB.potentiallyC.regionallyD.directly46.A.managementB.inspectionC.developmentD.security47.A.identifiedB.cultivatedC.exploitedD.valued48.A.initiativesB.consequencesC.intentionsD.contributions49.A.InadditionB.AfterallC.InparticularD.Bycontrast50.A.adaptedB.turnedC.adjustedD.linked51.A.protectionsB.opportunitiesC.servicesD.nutrients52.A.standardB.welcomeC.scarceD.profitable53.A.discourageB.attractC.forbidD.protect54.A.feellikeB.keeponC.setaboutD.arguefor55.A.irreplaceableB.unpredictableC.unlimitedD.imbalancedSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.（A）Tea,themosttypicalofEnglishdrinks,isarelativelatecomertoBritishshores.Althoughthecustomofdrinkingteadatesbacktothethirdmillennium（一千年）BCinChina,itwasnotuntilthemid-17thcenturythatthedrinkfirstappearedinEngland.ItwasthePortugueseandDutchtraderswhofirstimportedteatoEurope,reachingtheContinentbythewayofVenicearound1560,withregularshipmentsby1610.Curiously,itwastheLondoncoffeehousesthatwereresponsibleforintroducingteatoEngland.OneofthefirstcoffeehousemerchantstoofferteawasThomasGarway.Hesoldbothliquidanddryteatothepublicasearlyas1657.Threeyearslaterheissuedabroadsheetadvertisingteaat￡6to￡10perpound,touting（兜售）itsvirtuesat“makingthebodyactiveandlusty（健壯的）”,and“preservingperfecthealthuntilextremeoldage”.Teagainedpopularityquicklyinthecoffeehouses,andby1700over500coffeehousessoldit.Thisdistressedthepubowners,asteacuttheirsalesofbeer,anditwasbadnewsforthegovernment,whodependeduponasteadystreamofrevenue（稅收）fromtaxesonliquorsales.By1750teahadbecomethefavoureddrinkofBritain'slowerclasses.A1676acttaxedteaandrequiredcoffeehouseoperatorstoapplyforalicense.Thiswasjustthestartofgovernmentattemptstocontrol,oratleast,toprofitfromthepopularityofteainBritain.Bythemid-18thcenturythedutyonteahadreachedaridiculous119percent.Thisheavytaxationhadtheeffectofcreatingawholenewindustry—teasmuggling（走私）.ShipsfromHollandandScandinaviabroughtteatotheBritishcoast,thenstoodoffshorewhilesmugglersmetthemandunloadedthepreciouscargoinsmallvessels.Thesmugglers,oftenlocalfishermen,secretlymovedtheteainlandthroughundergroundpassagesandhiddenpathstospecialhidingplaces.Oneofthebesthidingplaceswasinthelocalchurch!Evensmuggledteawasexpensive,however,andthereforeextremelyprofitable,somanysmugglersbegantoadulterat(摻假)theteawithothersubstances,suchaswillowandsloeleaves.Usedtealeaveswerealsoredriedandaddedtofreshleaves.Finally,in1784WilliamPitttheYoungerintroducedtheCommutationAct,whichdroppedthetaxonteafrom119%to12.5%,effectivelyendingsmuggling.Adulterationremainedaproblem,though,untiltheFoodandDrugActof1875broughtinseverepunishmentforthepractice.Accordingtothepassage,teadrinking.isthefavoritepastimeoftheDutchisanimportantBritishtraditionwaswell-receivedbythePortuguesecenturiesagocouldbefoundeverywhereintheworldin1560Whomightbeannoyedbythepopularityofthetea?Coffeehouseowners.B.Winesellers.C.Britain'slowerclasDse.sS.mugglers.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutteasmugglingisTRUE?Churchesprovidedconvenienceforsmuggling.Fishermenandfarmerscontributedalottoteaindustry.Undergroundpassagesandboatswereidealhidingplacesfortea.Thegovernmentencouragedteasmugglingfortaxesontea.HowwastheorderoftheteamarketfinallyrestoredinBritain?Bypassinganactrelatedtoataxrise.Byimposingmildpunishment.Bypunishingthosewhosoldfaketea.Bymixingredriedusedleaveswithfreshtealeaves.(B)Thesearepagespastedonacollegebulletinboard.Itlistspart-timejobvacanciesoncampusthissemester.BilingualSecretaryWantedOurInternationalExchangeDepartmentrequiresonepart-timebilingualsecretaryforouroffice.He/ShemustbenativeMandarinwithexcellentEnglishcompetence(betterwithJapanese).Weaskfor8hoursaweek(fromMondaytoSaturday),andworkingscheduleisnegotiable.However,EnglishcornersarearrangedonThursdays,andthereforeweneedyoutobeonsitefrom3pmto5pm.Attractivesalaryandgoodbenefitspackage,includingchancestoexchangetoforeigncountries,areofferedtojuniorandsenioryearstudentswithexcellentsecretarialskills,theabilitytocommunicate,anoutgoingpersonalityandastrongsenseofresponsibility.Pleasehandinapplicationswithphoto,andemailtouniied@,orcall400-800-100duringofficehourstogetfurtherinformation.InternationalExchangeDepartmentAdvancedMathTeachingAssistantsinNeedTheMathematicsDepartmentislookingfortwoAdvancedMathteachingassistants.Thejobismainlytohelpfreshmenstudentstodealwithmathassignmentsandprojects,aswellaspreparethemforfinalexamsinWeek16.Wehopethoseapplyingforthepositioncouldmeetthefollowingrequirements.First,it'snecessaryfortheapplicantstobeskilledatmath.Second,he/sheshouldhaveatleast2Asinmath-relatedcourseswithGPAnolessthan4.0.Third,thejobasksforexcellenceinbothprofessionalskillsandpatience.Forthosewhoareinterestedintheposition,pleasesendyourresumetounimd@beforeSeptember15th.Dr.JessicaSmithMathematicsDepartmentPart-timeJobRecruitmentTechnologySupportDepartmentlacksseveralassistantstoworkatitshelpdesk.Contents:Acustomerservicejob一answeringquestions,helpingpeoplesolvetheircomputerproblems,providingbasicteachingtonewusers,etc.Requirement:theAdvancedComputerTestcertificate;goodinterpersonalskills;enthusiasm.Workhours:from6a.m.to2a.m.earlymornings(6a.m.-9a.m.):2personsmornings(9a.m.-12a.m.):1personafternoons(12p.m.-6p.m.):(full)evenings(6p.m.-11p.m.):(full)latenights:(11p.m.-2a.m.):2personsweekends:3personsIfyouareinterested,pleasecometoLukingLibrary2F(EastSide)Room213andfilltheforms.Aninterviewwillbearrangedafterwards.NewpositionforthenextsemesterwillbereleasedinDecember.Mr.LukeJohnsonTechnologySupportDepartmentIfyougetthepositionasasecretary,you.havetoassistinEnglishcornerhaveatightscheduleduringtheweekhavethechancetobeanexchangestudentinforeignuniversitiesanytimeduringuniversitymustbeanativeEnglishspeakerwhocanspeakfluentChineseWhyaretheresomanyjobvacanciesinTechnologySupportDepartment?Becausetheinterviewischallenging.Becauseapplicantshavetofillincomplicatedforms.Becauseapplicantshavetoworkirregularhours.BecausetheAdvancedComputerTestcertificateistoodifficulttoobtain.Whichofthefollowingstatementsiscorrectaccordingtotheadvertisements?Theadvertisementscanbefoundontheschoolwebsite.CallforfurtherinformationofmathteachingassistantsbeforeSeptember15th.MorejobvacanciesintheMathematicsDepartmentwillbeavailableinDecember.TheInternationalExchangeDepartmentneedsacommunicativeandresponsiblesecretary.(C)ChinahaslongbeentippedtobethenextSiliconValley,butnowthefinancesandsupportareinplacetomakeithappen.Thereisagrowingconsensus(共識)thatwhileSiliconValleyisnotabouttodisappearanytimesoon,itsnextbiggestrivalisalreadyonthevergeofburstingontotheinternationalscene—notintheUS,norintheEU,butinAsia.Morespecifically,China.ThisisnotjustanobservationbasedontheriseofcompanieslikeAlibaba,BaiduandTencent.Itisgroundedinamorewidespreadmovetofundstart-upsinAsiatothepointwheremoremoneyisbeinginvestedtherethaninEurope.Justfiveyearsago,EuropeandAsiaareneckandneckintermsofinvestment.In2013,Europemadeslightlymoredeals,1550comparedtoAsia's1071,butthetotalvalueofinvestmentwas$7bn.Justfiveyearslater,AsiaisnowfourtimesthesizeofEuropewithtwiceasmanydealscarriedout.Between2013to2018,thenumberofdealsinAsiaincreasednearlyfivefold,andtheirvalueleaptto$81bn,comparedtothe$21bnraisedinEurope.TheAsianfigurealsoshowsthatthecontinentisclosingthegapontheUSwhichsaw$105bnworthofdeals.Oneofthemainreasonsthatmakesthecountrysoattractiveisnotjustthehugegrowthininvestmentandhigheducationstandards,butalsolocalandnationalgovernmentalsupportbenefitingtechcompanies.Infact,oneoftheconclusionsofarecentFortunetechconferencewasthatChina'stechcompanieswillsoonbebeatingAmericancompaniesontheirhometurf.OneofthereasonsisthatinvestorsbelieveUSimmigrationpolicyismakingitmoredifficultforthebesttalentaroundtheworldtofindworkthere.Plus,ChinesecompaniesarenowabletostartpayingsalariesthatcankeeppacewiththoseonofferinSiliconValley.Hence,whenIanRoger,ChiefDigitalOfficialatluxurygroupLVMHwasaskedwherehethoughtthenextFacebookorGooglewouldcomefrom,hesuggesteditwouldbeaclosecallbetweenSiliconValleyandChina.Thelatterhadtheinvestmentthatisneededaswellasahardworkcultureofasix-dayweek.Italsohasasuperbeducationsystemandahugepopulation.AsSiliconValleyappearstobeheatingupalittletoohardforsomepeople,Chinawouldappeartobewarmingupatjusttherightpace.Whatdoestheexpression“onthevergeof”inparagraph2referto?onthewayofB.onthelistofC.ontheconditionofD.onthepointofWhichofthefollowingisNOTareasonwhyChinaattractsforeigninvestmentintechcompanies?Higheducationstandards.B.Hugegrowthininvestment.C.Supportfromthegovernment.D.HighersalariesthanthoseinSiliconValley.Itcan'tbeinferredfromthepassagethat.A.theUSimmigrationpolicyisstrictbuttalent-friendlyIanRogerbelievesthenextGooglemightcomefromChinaemployeesofBaidumightbeaccustomedtooverworkChinesetechcompaniescanprovidehighlycompetitivesalariesnow.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.ThetotalvalueofinvestmentinAsiaisfourtimesthatinEurope.Finances,higheducationstandardsandsupportmakeitpossibleforChinatobecomethenextSiliconValley.Asiaattractsworldwidebesttalentstotechcompanies.AmericantechcompanieswillsoonbebeatenbythoseinChina.SectionCDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.Italsomeansbetterphysicalhealth.Oneofthemostinterestingaspectsoftheresearchhasexploredhowsubjectiveageinteractswithourpersonality.Somestudieshaveexploredthepotentialphysicalconsequencesofthisdifference.Thesefindingscangiveusallaviewofthewayourownbrainsandbodiesendurethepassingoftime.Buteverydayexperiencesuggeststhatpeopleoftendon'texperienceageingthesameway.Manyresearchersarenowtryingtostudyhowthisknowledgemighthelpuslivelonger.WhatYour“Age”SaysAboutYouImagine,foramoment,thatyouhadnobirthcertificateandyouragewassimplybasedonthewayyoufeelinside.Howoldwouldyousayyouare?Likeyourheightorshoesize,thenumberofyearsthathavepassedsinceyoufirstenteredtheworldisanunchangeablefact.(67)Scientistsareincreasinglyinterestedinthisquality.Theyarefindingthatour“subjectiveage”maybeessentialforunderstandingthereasonswhysomepeopleappeartobeenergeticastheygrowold—whileothersfade.（68）Itisnowwellacceptedthatpeopletendtomatureastheygetolder,becominglessextroverted（外向的）andlessopentonewexperiences.Thesepersonalitychangesareoftenconsideredmoreobviousinthepeoplewitholdersubjectiveages.However,thosewhofeelyoungerthantheyreallyarealsobecomemorereliableandlessneurotic（神經(jīng)質(zhì)的）astheygainthewisdomthatcomeswithgreaterlifeexperience.Butitdoesn'tcomeatthecostoftheenergyandvigorofyouth.It'snottruethathavingalowersubjectiveageleavesusfrozeninastateofpermanentimmaturity.Feelingyoungerthanyouryearsalsoseemstocomewithalowerriskofdepressionandgreatermentalwellbeingasweage.（69）Mostpeoplefeltabouteightyearsyoungerthantheiractualchronologicalage（實際年齡）.Butsomefelttheyhadaged—andtheconsequenceswereserious.Feelingbetween8and13yearsolderthanyouractualageresultedinan18-25%greaterriskofdeathoverthestudyperiods,andgreaterdiseaseburden—evenwhenyoucontrolforotherdemographic（人口學(xué)的）factorssuchaseducation,raceormaritalstatus.（70）Howeveroldyoureallyare,it'sworthquestioningwhetheranyofthoselimitationsarecomingfromthewithin.SummaryWritingDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint（s）ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.WhenEverythingGetsSmartItstillfeelsmagicaltolightupyourlivingroombysaying“Alexa,turnonthelights.”Techcompaniesareaddinginternetconnectionstojustabouteverythingyoucanimagine.Cars,doorlocks,toasters,refrigerators,toothbrushes,motorcyclehelmets.Moreandmoretechnologypowersaretakingpartinthistrend—knownby“theinternetofthings.”Thereisnodenyingthatsmarttechnologywillleadtoconveniences.Youcanusevoicecommandstoturnonthelights,coffeemakerandmusic.Youcangetremindersfromyourtoothbrushtobrushandtipsonhowbesttodoit.Thankstotheinternetofthings,youcouldliveliketheBeastintheDisneymovie,withanimatedobjectsaroundtakingcareofyoureveryneed.That'stheappealofsmarthomesformostpeople,andwhytheyaresupposedtobea$27billionmarketby2021.However,thefactsarenotalwayssorosy.Thesmartobjectsinyourhomecanbeasourceofannoyance.Usuallypeoplehavetodownloaddozensofdifferentappstoasmartphonetocontroleverything,whichmeanscreatinganaccountforeachoneofthoseapps.Thefantasyofthesmarthomeisthatitwillsaveustimeandeffort.Butthetroubleinvolvedingettingvariousdevicesfromdifferentcompaniestoworktogethermeansthatmanythingsmaytakelongertodo.Worsestill,theremaybesecurityrisks.Smarthomesystemsarepartofalargersuite（套）devices,apps,websitesandspacesthatcollectandanalyzepersonaldataaboutusers.Togetthefullbenefitsofsmarthomesystems,usersmustsharetheirlocations,routines,tastesinmusic,shoppinghistoryandsof