英語報刊閱讀第四版課后問題答案

英語報刊閱讀第四版課后問題答案英語報刊閱讀第四版課后問題答案英語報刊閱讀第四版課后問題答案英語報刊閱讀第四版課后問題答案編制僅供參考審核批準生效日期地址：電話：傳真:郵編:L1tendtoacknowledgethemorerecentimmigrantsonlyinretrospect.Theimmigrantshavetowaituntiltheyhaveprovedthemselvesbyworking,raisingarespectablefamily,achievingcitizenship,andmaybeevenwinningaNobelPrize.presentwaveofHispanicimmigrationandEuropeanwavesaresimilarinroots.Buttherearetwoimportantdifferences:theEuropeanwaveswerelegalwhereasthecurrentwaveisillegal.Thenumbersarealsodifferent.Thecurrentwaveismuchlargerinscale.evidenceshowsthatthenewimmigrantsbehaveinpositivewayssimilartotheirpredecessors.Theyarefamilyoriented,theyvalueeducation,andtheirchildrenarelearningEnglish.Overtime,theyareintermarryingamonggrowingnumbersofotherethnicgroups.Theyarepeopleoffaith.Theyareenergetic,lookingtomoveupinlifethroughbetterjobs–theyworkhardandforlonghours.oftentakejobsmanyAmericanssimplynolongerwishtodo.Byandlargethemostrecentsurgeofimmigrantsismadeupofpeoplewhoareyoungandmobile,andwhoworkintheleastdesiredsectorsofthe.economysuchasagricultureandserviceindustriesforrelativelylowpay.Today,onlyabout10percentofwhitemalesleavehighschool,andhighschoolgraduateswon’ttakethemenialjobsthatmanyimmigrantsarehappytotakeon.Soforthemostpart,thenewimmigrantsandnativeAmericansarenotcompetingforthesamejobs.Evenwhentheydocompetemoredirectlywithlow-skilledworkers,thejobpreferenceisdifferent.Immigrantsfindworkinagriculture,whilelesseducatednativesoftenendupinmanufacturing.atboththelowendandthehighendoftheskillsetsareneeded.Moreimmigrantsareneededbecausetheretirementofthe80millionbabyboomerswillincreasetheburdenofsupportingthenon-workingseniorsandmoreimmigrantswillhelpreducetheburden.reunificationshouldbesupportedtotheextentofholdingthenuclearfamilytogether.Keepingspousesandchildrentogethermakeshumanitariansense.However,thechainimmigrationofextendedfamilyrelativesshouldbecontrolled.Therandom“visalottery”programshouldbeeliminated.,itdoesnotmeananamnestyforthem.Itspellsoutalongroutetolegalityandcitizenship.Illegalimmigrantscouldapplyforagreencardonlyafterthe4millionfamilieswhoarenowinlineforimmigrationvisashavebeenclearedthroughthesystem;theprocesswouldtakeanestimated8years.Sotheywouldnothaveanadvantageoverthosewhohaveplayedbytherules.Theywouldalsohavetopayfinesanddemonstratethattheyhavecleanrecords.Inasense,theywouldbeallowedtoearncitizenshipovertime.billwinsconservativesupportforthepositionbycallingforsubstantiallystepped-upsecuritytobeinplacebeforemoreimmigrantsareadmitted.Republicansarewillingtoprovideillegalimmigrantsthepathtocitizenshipinreturnforgettingamoresecureborderandeliminatingthemuch-abusedextendedchainoffamilyrelatives.L5talkedaboutalecturehehadattended.Thethesiswasthatthehumanbodyhaschangedirrevocablyoverthelastquarterofacenturyandthatthephysicalenvironmentwillgraduallyadapttoaccommodatethenewshape.toGregCritser,thereasonforAmericans’overweightwasthatthepopulationwasgrowingmoreslowlythanthefoodsupplyandasaresultfastfood,inventedasanaffordablewayofgettingfamiliestoeattogether,becameameansofsellingsurplusfatandsugartothemasses.Blaine'sstarvationstuntwasaspectacletotheBritish.Familiesturnedoutenmasseatweekendstoseehowhishungerstrikewasgoing.Somenormal-sizepeopleturneduptomock,throwingeggs,cookingfoodandeventryingtocutoffthewatersupplytothehungryAmerican.Thereasonforsuchbehavioristhatthenotionofsomebodygivingupfoodfor44daysisunthinkablefortheBritishandtherearesofewstarvingAmericansintheworld,whichmakeshisself-imposedordealappearludicrouslyself-indulgent.What'smore,thestunthighlightedthedisorderedrelationtoeatingwhichhasbecomehabitualinthewesternsociety.impactoffastfoodonMexicansisobvious.Obesityhasincreasedby158percentinMexicoinadecade,sincefastfoodoutletsbegantoreplacethetraditionaldiet.fastfooddeveloped,cookinghasbecomeaspectatorsport,somethingtowatchfamouspeopledoontelly,asthepopulationsofaffluentcountriesrelyincreasinglyonsupermarketmealsandtakeaways.inwesternsocieties,inordertoslimdownareendlesslytryingAtkinsandotherfashionabledietssuchasthecabbagesoupdietormodifiedAtkins.traditionalworkingclassdietwasplainfoodwhilepresent-dayworkingclassdietissuperficiallymuchmorecosmopolitan—curries,pizzas,theubiquitousChinesetakeaway—butadaptedtosatisfytheBritishappetiteforsaturatedfat,saltandsugar.resultofwesterners'reversalofeatinghabitsisthatasmillionsofordinarypeoplegrowfat,theelitebecomeslender.authorwantedtojointheeuro.L91.Tolstoy'sobservationonhappyandunhappyfamilieswas"Happyfamiliesareallalike;everyunhappyfamilyisunhappyinitsownway."2.HethinksthatTolstoywastotallywrong.Hebelievesthatunhappyfamiliesarereallysimilartooneanotherandthere'smuchmorevariabilityamonghappyfamilies.totheresearchers,itisthoseotherpartsofrelationships–thepositivefactors--thatarepotentpredictorsofwhethercouplesfeelcommittedtorelationships.haveplacedstressesonlong-termrelationships.Two-incomecouplesjugglingdemandingjobsandprofessionaladvancementcansometimesdetractfromfamilyandintimaterelationships.Simultaneously,therisingnumberofwomenintheworkforcehasgivenwomentheeconomicsecuritytoleaveunhappyrelationships,thesexualrevolutionhasmadesexbeforeandoutsidemarriagecommon,andthedestigmatizationofdivorcehascontributedtothephenomenonofserialmonogamy.findsthatthejuxtapositionofhighexpectationswiththestressandcyclesofrelationshipsappearstobeanimportantreasonwhymanyrelationshipsdon'twork.reportedbeingcontentatthestartofrelationshipsandstillcontentedtwoyearslater.Theirfeelingsaboutrelationshipswerenotintensebuttheywerepositive.foundthatverysuccessfulcoupleshadsomethingbesideschildrenthatwasenjoyabletotheirrelationship.Itcouldbetravel,hospicework,workingonasummerplace.Thosethingsbringstabilitybecausetheyconferpleasureandidentityinthewaypeoplelivetogether.8.Thosefactorsaresocialandfamilysupports,socioeconomicstatus,governmentandworkplacepolicies.Theycanhelpandhinderrelationships.L11,thedecisiontolivealoneiscommonindiversecultureswheneveritiseconomicallyfeasible.Germany,FranceandBritainhaveagreaterproportionofone-personhouseholdsthanthe.,asdoesJapan.Accordingtotheauthor,China,IndiaandBrazilarealsoseeingfastgrowthofone-personhouseholds.datedimagesoflivingaloneareanxiety,erviewing300singlepeople,hefindsthatlivingaloneseemstoencouragemore,notlesssocialinteraction.markets,flourishingcitiesandopencommunicationssystemsmakethelifeofsinglepeoplemoreappealingbecausetheygivethemthecapacitynotonlytolivealonebuttoengagewithotherswhenandhowtheywanttoandonourownterms.researchfoundthatsinglepeople35andolderweremorelikelythanthosewholivedwithaspouseoraromanticpartnertospendasocialeveningwithneighborsorfriends.surveysfindthatmarriedpeoplewithchildrenaremorelikelythansinglepeopletohunkerdownathome.Tmunicationtechnologiesmakelivingaloneasocialexperience,sobeinghomealonedoesnotfeelinvoluntaryorlikesolitaryconfinement.Thepersonaloneathomecandigitallynavigatethroughaworldofpeople,informationandideas.Internetusedoesnotseemtocutpeopleofffromrealfriendshipsandconnections.Hamptonfindsthatheavywebusersaremorelikelythanotherstohavelargeanddiversesocialnetworks,erviewstheauthorfoundthateldersinglepeoplehadaclearpreferenceforlivingalone,whichallowedthemtoretaintheirfeelingsofindependenceandintegrity,andaclearaversiontomovinginwithfriendsorfamilyorintoanursinghome..AccordingtoDeborahCarr’sresearch,at18monthsafteraspouse,onlyoneinfourelderlymenandoneinsixelderlywomensaytheyareinterestedinremarrying,oneinthreemenandoneinsevenwomenareinterestedindatingsomeday;andonlyoneinfourmenandoneinelevenwomenareinterestedindatingimmediately.predictedthatratesoflivingalonewouldplummetbecauseofthechallengedeconomy.However,thusfarthere’slittleevidencethatthishashappened.Thelatestcensusreportestimatesthatmorethan32millionAmericanslivealonetoday,upfrommillionin2000and31millionin2010.L12November,2003,theMassachusettsSupremeJudicialCourtissuedthedecisionthatonesecondpastmidnightonMay17,2004,gaymarriagewillbecomelegal.Thebasisofthecourt'sdecisionisthestateconstitution'spromiseofequalrights.werefullofjubilation,andcongratulatedeachnewcoupleontheirmarriage.Theyclaimedthattheceremoniesmarkthebiggestadvanceincivilrightssinceracialsegregationwasabolished.right’sreactionwaslessmilitantthanmighthavebeenexpected.Onlyabout50demonstratorsshowedupatBoston'scityhalltoprotestabout"MarriageDestructionDay".Eveninthestate'slessliberaltowns,gaycouplesweretreatedpolitely,withstandardNewEnglandreserve.Thestaffwerefollowingtheordersofthegovernor,whohadruledthatthelawshouldberespected.republicanGovernor,MittRomneyistryingtoenforcealongneglected1913statelawthatdeniesmarriageslicencestoout-of-statecoupleswhosehomestateswouldoutlawtheirunions.39stateshavepassedlawsrestrictingmarriagetoheterosexualunions.Inthemeantime.ConservativesinMassachusettswanttopushthroughanamendmenttotheirstateconstitution.toJonathanRauch,Americanolongerreallyhasanationalconsensusaboutwhatmarriagemeans.InaLosAngelesTimespoll,24%Americanssaidthatgaysshouldbeallowedtomarry,and34%opposedanyformoflegalunionforsame-sexcouple;butthebiggernumber--38%--plumpedforcivilunions.thinkthattheissuecanbeusedtogalvanisetheconservativebasethisyear.Variousballotinitiativesareplannedaroundthecountry,theideabeingthattheywilldrawtothepollsthesocialconservativeswhosupposedlystayedathome.7.Becausehebelievesthatterminatingapregnancyisafairlygrislyaffairandthegaymarriageconflictwillbelessviciousthantheabortionconflict.L16toDebrahleeLorenzana,shewasfiredbecause,dressedinpencilskirts,turtlenecksandwearingpeep-toestilettos,shewasconsidered“toohot”.lovesplasticsurgeryandthinksthatit’sthebestthingthateverhappened.menearn,onaverage,5percentmorethantheirless-attractivecounterparts.Good-lookingwomenearn4percentmore.It’slooks,notmerit,thatalltoooftenrule.coupleofdecadesago,itwasamakeup-lessKateMosswhowasconsideredthebeautyideal.Now,it’saplastic-surgery-plumpedParisHilton.toeconomistDanielHamermesh,agood-lookingmanwillmakesome$250,000morethanhisleast-attractivecounterpart.thecurrenteconomy,whenemployershavehiringoptions,looksaren’tjustimportant;they’recritical.percentofhiringmanagerstoldNewsweekthatqualifiedbutunattractivecandidatesarelikelytohaveahardertimelandingajob,whilemorethanhalfadvisedspendingasmuchtimeandmoneyon“makingsuretheylookattractive”asonperfectingarésumé.Whenitcomestowomen,apparently,61percentofmanagerssaiditwouldbeanadvantageforawomantowearclothingshowingoffherfigureatwork.Looksareplacedaboveeducationinorderofimportance.toPlato’s“goldenproportions,”anidealfacehasawidthexactlytwothirdsofitslengthandanosenolongerthanthedistancebetweentheeyes.showthatunattractivewomenremainatadisadvantageinlow-levelpositionslikesecretary,whileinupper-levelfieldsthatarehistoricallymale-dominated,good-lookingwomencansufferaso-calledbimboeffect.Theyareviewedastoofeminine,lessintelligent,and,ultimately,lesscompetent.isadisadvantage.Thereexistsbiasagainstelderlymenandwomen.Eighty-fourpercentofmanagerstoldNewsweektheybelieveaqualifiedbutvisiblyoldercandidatewouldmakesomeemployershesitate,andwhileageismaffectsmen,too,it’sparticularlytoughforwomen.L19liveinextremelypoorconditions,survivinginashackoronthestreetwithlittleaccesstocleanwater,foodorhealthcare.Buttheyscoreabouta4,meaningtheyareslightlymorehappythannot.Thisexampleshowsthathappinessismorerelatedtoattitudethantomaterialwell-being.2.TheyhavebeenevaluatingwhattheytermtheSubjectiveWell-Being(SWB)ofpeoplearoundtheworldbyinvitingthemtoanswerquestionsabouttheirmoodsandoutlook.Theirfindingisthathumanbeings,nomatterwheretheyliveandalmostwithoutregardtohowtheylive,arepresettobehappy.thinksofthepredilectionasa“gift”bestowedonpeoplebyevolutionthathelpspeopleadaptandflourisheveninfairlytryingcircumstances.Theotherexplanationisthatpeopleare“socialized”tobehappyinordertofacilitatesmoothsocialfunctioning.4.Accordingtoasurveyofcollegestudentsinthemid-1990s,thethreemostcheerfullocalesarePuertoRico,ColumbiaandSpain.EdDienerthinksthatthehighspiritsoftherelativelypoorPuertoRicansandColumbiansstemfroma“positivitytendency”thatmayberootedincultu