高一年級(jí)英語(yǔ)學(xué)科集體備課公開(kāi)觀摩紀(jì)實(shí)

高一年級(jí)英語(yǔ)學(xué)科集體備課公開(kāi)觀摩紀(jì)實(shí)課題：定語(yǔ)從句內(nèi)容流程：教學(xué)內(nèi)容：第一節(jié)關(guān)系詞的選擇關(guān)系詞的選擇主要依據(jù)先行詞在從句中所作的成分，先行詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，選擇關(guān)系代詞(who，whom，that，which，whose)；先行詞在從句中作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，應(yīng)選擇關(guān)系副詞(where，when，why)。(1)that、which代替的先行詞是表示物的名詞或代詞，在從句中可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)等；which還可以引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，代替主句的內(nèi)容，that則不能。Helenwasmuchkindertoheryoungestsonthantotheothers，which，ofcourse，madetheothersenvyhim.海倫對(duì)最小的兒子比對(duì)其他的兒子好得多，這一點(diǎn)當(dāng)然讓他們很嫉妒。(2)who，whom，that這些詞代替的先行詞是表示人的名詞或代詞，在從句中可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)等。Womenwhodrinkmorethantwocupsofcoffeeadayhaveagreaterchanceofhavingheartdiseasethanthosewhodon't.(who在從句中作主語(yǔ))每天喝兩杯多咖啡的婦女患有心臟病的機(jī)會(huì)比不喝咖啡的婦女高。Heisthemanwhom/thatIamwaitingfor.他就是我正在等待的那個(gè)人。(whom/that在從句中作賓語(yǔ))(3)關(guān)系副詞when，where，why的先行詞是表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)或理由的名詞，在從句中作狀語(yǔ)。具體用法如下：when指時(shí)間，在定語(yǔ)從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)；where指地點(diǎn)，在定語(yǔ)從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)；why指原因，在定語(yǔ)從句中作原因狀語(yǔ)。ThereasonwhyIdon'ttrusthimisthatheoftentellslies.我不信任他的原因是他常常撒謊。[注意]先行詞是時(shí)間名詞或地點(diǎn)名詞時(shí)，如果在從句中不作狀語(yǔ)，則不能用when或where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，而要用which/that。Istillrememberthedaywhich/thatwespenttogetherinthecity.我仍然記得我們一起在那座城市度過(guò)的那一天。(這里which/that指代theday，作spent的賓語(yǔ))。1．(2010·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)Asachild，Jackstudiedinavillageschool,________isnamedafterhisgrandfather.A．whichB．whereC．what D．that2．(2011·哈爾濱檢測(cè))—WheredidyoufindTom?—Itwasinthehouse________Iusedtolive.A．that B．whichC．where D．what3．(2011·石家莊二檢)Afteryearsabroad，hereturnedtohishometown，________hespenthischildhood.A．which B．whenC．that D．where第二節(jié)whoseofwhomofwhich引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句whose是一個(gè)表示所屬關(guān)系的詞，在定語(yǔ)從句中作定語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于my，his，her，its，their等，修飾人或物。ofwhich可以代替whose指物，詞序一般是：the＋名詞＋ofwhich或ofwhich＋the＋名詞。ofwhom可以代替whose指人，詞序是：the＋名詞＋ofwhom。Thisisthescientistwhosenameisknownalloverthecountry.＝Thisisthescientistthenameofwhomisknownalloverthecountry.這就是那位全國(guó)知名的科學(xué)家。Theclassroom，whosedoorisbroken，willsoonberepaired.＝Theclassroom，thedoorofwhichisbroken，willsoonberepaired.門破了的那間教室很快就會(huì)被維修。Manychildren，whoseparentsareawayworkinginbigcities，aretakengoodcareofinthevillage.(2009·安徽高考)很多孩子在這個(gè)村里都得到了很好的照顧，他們的父母遠(yuǎn)在大城市里打工。1．(2010·北京高考)Childrenwhoarenotactiveor________dietishighinfatwillgainweightquickly.A．what B．whoseC．which D．that2．(2010·陜西高考)Theoldtemple________roofwasdamagedinastormisnowunderrepair.A．where B．whichC．its D．whose3．(2011·福建聯(lián)考)TheGateofFortune，from________topvisitorscanenjoyawonderfulseaview，willattractlotsoftourists.A．which B．whoseC．where D．its介詞+whom或which中介詞的確定1.與定語(yǔ)從句中的動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成搭配。Theman(who/whom/that)ItalkedaboutatthemeetingisfromBeijing＝ThemanaboutwhomItalkedatthemeetingisfromBeijingUniversity.在會(huì)議中我與之談話的那個(gè)人是從北京大學(xué)來(lái)的。Inthedarkstreet，therewasn'tasinglepersontowhomshecouldturnforhelp.在漆黑的大街上沒(méi)有一個(gè)人能為她提供幫助。[注意]有些固定短語(yǔ)中的介詞不能拆開(kāi)移到關(guān)系代詞前。Thisistheperson(who/whom/that)youarelookingfor.這就是你找的那個(gè)人。2．與定語(yǔ)從句所修飾的先行詞構(gòu)成搭配。Hebuiltatelescope，throughwhichhecouldstudytheskies.他架起一架望遠(yuǎn)鏡，通過(guò)它他可以研究天空。Hecametoafarm，onwhichhefinallysettled.他來(lái)到一個(gè)農(nóng)場(chǎng)，最終在那里定居下來(lái)了。1．(2010·浙江高考)Thesettlementishometonearly1,000people，manyof________lefttheirvillagehomesforabetterlifeinthecity.A．whom B．whichC．them D．those2．(2011·長(zhǎng)沙一模)Wehavegatherednearly100,000quilts，________uptohalfhavegonetothefloodhitareas.A．withwhich B．inwhichC．forwhich D．ofwhich3．(2011·金華十校聯(lián)考)Americanwomenusuallyidentifytheirbestfriendassomeone________theycantalkfrequently.A．who B．a(chǎn)boutwhichC．a(chǎn)s D．withwhomas與which在引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)的區(qū)別as與which都可以代指主句中的一部分或整個(gè)句子的內(nèi)容，有時(shí)可以互換。Hemarriedher，as(which)wasnatural.很自然地，他和她結(jié)婚了。但在下列情況下一般只能用as。(1)as引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句可以放在句首，而which則不能。Asweknow，morethanseventypercentoftheearthiscoveredwithwater.正如我們所知，地球表面的70%以上由水覆蓋。(2)as可表示“正如，正像”，而which無(wú)此意。此時(shí)，as從句中常有know，expect，happen，pointout，plan，suggest等單詞或短語(yǔ)。Hecamebackhomelate，asweexpected.正如我們所料，他回家晚了。Asispointedout，thisisagrammarproblem.正如所指出的，這是個(gè)語(yǔ)法問(wèn)題。PeoplegenerallyagreethatAmericanEnglishdiffersfromBritishEnglishabit，asissaidabove.正如上面所說(shuō)，大部分人都同意美式英語(yǔ)與英式英語(yǔ)有點(diǎn)不同。(3)當(dāng)先行詞被thesame，such修飾時(shí)，定語(yǔ)從句需用as引導(dǎo)。Iboughtthesamebookasyouhave.我買了一本跟你的一樣的書(shū)。Thisissuchaneasyquestionaseveryonecanworkout.＝Thisissuchaneasyquestionthateveryonecanworkitout.這是這么一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的問(wèn)題，每個(gè)人都能解決。He'llmarryasprettyagirlashecanfind.他將與他能發(fā)現(xiàn)的最漂亮的女孩結(jié)婚。[注意]當(dāng)先行詞被thesame修飾時(shí)，that也可引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，但意義有所不同。thesame...as(指同樣或同類的)，thesame...that(指同一個(gè))ThisisthesamewatchasIlost.這塊表與我丟的那塊一樣。ThisisthesamewatchthatIlost.這就是我丟的那塊表。1．(2010·四川高考)Aftergraduatingfromcollege，Itooksometimeofftogotravelling,________turnedouttobeawisedecision.A．that B．whichC．when D．where2．(2011·煙臺(tái)檢測(cè))MountWuyiissuchanattractiveplaceofinterest________everyonelikestovisit.A．that B．a(chǎn)sC．which D．what3．(2011·南京第三次模擬)Ourteacherurgesustoformagoodhabitoflearning，________wethinkwillbenefitusinthelongterm.A．what B．thatC．which D．who第三節(jié)定語(yǔ)從句的幾個(gè)難點(diǎn)1.“介詞＋where”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。有時(shí)我們可以見(jiàn)到“介詞＋where”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，此時(shí)要和“介詞＋which”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句從意思上加以區(qū)別。Hisheadsoonappearedoutofthewindow，fromwherehesawnothingbuttrees.他的頭很快從窗口探了出來(lái)，從那里除了樹(shù)木他什么也看不到。(fromwhere相當(dāng)于fromoutofthewindow，而不是fromthewindow)Chinaisthebirthplaceofkites，fromwherekiteflyingspreadtoJapan，Korea，ThailandandIndia.中國(guó)是風(fēng)箏的故鄉(xiāng)，從這里放風(fēng)箏傳到了日本、朝鮮、泰國(guó)和印度。2．分隔式定語(yǔ)從句。定語(yǔ)從句有時(shí)不直接緊靠著先行詞，中間由一個(gè)定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)或謂語(yǔ)隔開(kāi)。ThereisanexpressioninhiseyesthatIcan'tunderstand.我不能理解他眼中表達(dá)的東西。ThedaysaregoneforeverwhentheChinesepeoplewerelookeddownupon.中國(guó)人民被輕視的日子一去不復(fù)返了。3．抽象地點(diǎn)類先行詞后的定語(yǔ)從句。當(dāng)先行詞為stage，situation，point，case等詞且關(guān)系詞在從句中作狀語(yǔ)，這時(shí)用where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。Theyhavereachedthepointwheretheyhavetoseparatewitheachother.他們已經(jīng)到了必須分手的地步。IcanthinkofmanycaseswherestudentsobviouslyknowalotofEnglishwordsandexpressionsbutcan'twriteagoodessay.我能想出許多這樣的場(chǎng)合，很顯然學(xué)生知道許多英語(yǔ)詞匯但是卻寫不出一篇好文章。1．(2009·福建高考)It'shelpfultoputchildreninasituation________theycanseethemselvesdifferently.A．that B．whenC．which D．where2．(2011·重慶模擬)Heisconfident，________，inmyopinion，ismostimportantinsociety.A．how B．thatC．what D．which3．(2011·福建龍巖檢測(cè))Rememberthatthereisstillonepoint________wemustmakeclearattheconferencetomorrow.A．where B．whyC．when D．that4．(2009·浙江高考)Ihavereachedapointinmylife______Iamsupposedtomakedecisionsofmyown.A．which B．whereC．how D．why強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練1．(2010·江西高考)Thegirlarrangedtohavepianolessonsatthetrainingcentrewithhersister________shewouldstayforanhour.A．where B．whoC．which D．what2．(2010·湖南高考)I'vebecomegoodfriendswithseveralofthestudentsinmyschool________ImetintheEnglishspeechcontestlastyear.A．who B．whereC．when D．which3．(2010·天津高考)—CanyoubelieveIhadtopay30dollarsforahaircut?—Youshouldtrythebarber's________Igo.It'sonly15.A．a(chǎn)s B．whichC．where D．that4．(2010·江蘇高考)Thenewlybuiltcafé，thewallsof________arepaintedlightgreen，isreallyapeacefulplaceforus，especiallyafterhardwork.A．that B．itC．what D．which5．(2011·南通模擬)Accordingtothereport，asmanyas50percentofpatientsdonottakemedicine________directed，________hasdrawndoctors'attention.A．when；it B．a(chǎn)s；whatC．that；and D．a(chǎn)s；which6．(2011·南通二模)Icanhardlyrememberanyoccasions________Igetcaughtinatrafficjaminourtown.A．which B．thatC．where D．when7．(2011·哈爾濱檢測(cè))Tomygreatsurprise，yesterday，heaskedmeafewquestions________therewerenoanswers.A．towhich B．a(chǎn)boutwhichC．inwhich D．onwhich8．(2011·蘇州一模)ChildrenareeasilyexposedtotheInternetculture________violenceincreasestosuchadegreethatparentsdon'tallowthemtogoonline.A．which B．whoseC．where D．that9．(2011·海淀區(qū)模擬)WhenIgottoNewYork，Ihadtoattendaschoolforstudents________firstlanguagewasnotEnglish.A．who B．whichC．whose D．where1