考研考博-英語(yǔ)-廣西經(jīng)濟(jì)職業(yè)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-廣西經(jīng)濟(jì)職業(yè)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

Auctionsarepublicsalesofgoods,conductedbyanofficiallyapprovedauctioneer.Heaskedthecrowdtogatherintheauctionroomtobidforvariousitemsonsale.Heencouragesbuyerstobidhigherfiguresandfinallynamesthehighestbidderasthebuyerofthegoods.Thisiscalled“knockingdown”thegoods,forthebiddingendswhentheauctioneerbangsasmallhammeronaraisedplatform.

TheancientRomansprobablyinventedsalesbyauctionandtheEnglishwordcomesfromtheLatinAutcio,meaning“increase”.TheRomansusuallysoldinthiswaythespoilstakeninwar;thesesaleswerecalled“subhasta”,meaning“underthespear”,aspearbeingstuckinthegroundasasignalforacrowdtogather.InEnglandintheeighteenthandnineteenthcenturiesgoodswereoftensold“bythecandle”;ashortcandlewaslitbytheauctioneerandbidscouldbemadewhileitwasburning.

Practicallyallgoodscanbesoldbyauction.Amongthesearecoffee,hides,skins,wool,tea,cocoa,furs,fruit,vegetablesandwines.Auctionsalesarealsousualforlandandproperty,antiquefurniture,pictures,rarebooks,oldchinaandworksofart.TheauctionroomsatChristie’sandSotheby’sinLondonandNewYorkareworldfamous.

Anauctionisusuallyadvertisedbeforehandwithfullparticularsofthearticlestobesoldandwhereandwhentheycanbeviewedbythebuyers.Iftheadvertisementcannotgivefulldetails,cataloguesareprinted,andeachgroupofgoodstobesoldtogether,calleda“l(fā)ot”,isusuallygivenanumber.Theauctioneerneednotbeginwithlotoneandcontinuethenumericalorder;hemaywaituntilhenoticesthefactthatcertainbuyersareintheroomandthenproducethelotstheyarelikelytobeinterestedin.Theauctioneer’sservicesarepaidforintheformofapercentageofthepricethegoodsaresoldfor.Theauctioneerthereforehasadirectinterestinpushingupthebidding.

1.Auctionedgoodsaresold（

）.

2.Theendofbiddingiscalled“knockingdown”because（

）.

3.Inthesentence“TheRomansusuallysoldinthiswaythespoilstakeninwar,”theword“spoils”mostprobablymeans（

）.

4.InEnglandacandleusedtoburnatauctionsales（

）.

5.Anauctioncataloguegivesbuyers（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.atfixedprices

B.atpriceslowerthantheirtruevalue

C.forthehighestpriceoffered

D.atpricesofferedbytheauctioneer

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.theauctioneerknocksonthetable

B.thegoodsareknockeddownontothetable

C.theauctioneerbangsthetablewithahammer

D.theauctioneernamesthehighestbidderasthebuyerofthegoods

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.uselessgoods

B.spears

C.variouskindsoffood

D.propertytakenfromtheenemy

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.tolimitthetimewhenoffersofpricescouldbemade

B.becausetheauctionsalestookplaceatnight

C.asasignalforthecrowdtogather

D.tokeeptheauctionroomwarm

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.thecurrentmarketvaluesofthegoods

B.theorderinwhichgoodsaretobesold

C.freeadmissiontotheauctionsale

D.detailsofthegoodstobesold

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。定位到文章第一段“Heencouragesbuyerstobidhigherfiguresandfinallynamesthehighestbidderasthebuyerofthegoods.他鼓勵(lì)買家出更高的價(jià)格，并最終將出價(jià)最高者稱作商品的買主。”由此可知答案選C。

2.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。定位到文章第一段“Thisiscalled‘knockingdown’thegoods,forthebiddingendswhentheauctioneerbangsasmallhammeronaraisedplatform.這被稱為‘擊倒’貨物，當(dāng)拍賣人在一個(gè)凸起的臺(tái)子上敲擊小錘子時(shí)，競(jìng)拍就結(jié)束了?！庇纱丝芍鸢高xC。

3.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】語(yǔ)義推測(cè)題。定位到文章第二段“TheRomansusuallysoldinthiswaythespoilstakeninwar;thesesaleswerecalled‘subhasta’,meaning‘underthespear’,aspearbeingstuckinthegroundasasignalforacrowdtogather.羅馬人通常以這種方式出售戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中的戰(zhàn)利品；這些銷售被稱為‘subhasta’，意思是‘在長(zhǎng)矛下’，一根長(zhǎng)矛被卡在地上，作為一種信號(hào)，讓人群聚集起來(lái)?！庇纱丝芍鸢高xD。

4.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。定位到文章第二段“InEnglandintheeighteenthandnineteenthcenturiesgoodswereoftensold‘bythecandle’;ashortcandlewaslitbytheauctioneerandbidscouldbemadewhileitwasburning.在18世紀(jì)和19世紀(jì)的英國(guó)，商品經(jīng)常被‘以燒蠟燭定時(shí)限’出售；拍賣師點(diǎn)燃了一支短蠟燭，在燃燒的時(shí)候可以進(jìn)行投標(biāo)。”由此可知答案選A。

5.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。定位到文章最后一段“Iftheadvertisementcannotgivefulldetails,cataloguesareprinted,andeachgroupofgoodstobesoldtogether,calleda‘lot’,isusuallygivenanumber.如果廣告不能提供完整的細(xì)節(jié)，商品目錄就會(huì)被打印出來(lái)，并且每一組被稱為“批次”的商品，通常會(huì)被給出一個(gè)數(shù)字?！庇纱丝赏浦夸浱峁┝素浳锏脑斍?，故答案選D。

2.單選題

Thestudyconcludes:“Certainformsofhighself-esteemseemtoincreaseone’spronenesstoviolence.Anuncriticalendorsementoftheculturalvalueofself-esteemmaythereforebecounterproductiveandevendangerous.”

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.disposition

B.resistance

C.apprehension

D.likeness

【答案】A

【解析】句意：某種形式的高自尊似乎會(huì)增加一個(gè)人對(duì)暴力的……。A選項(xiàng)disposition“處置；傾向”；B選項(xiàng)resistance“阻力；抵抗力”；C選項(xiàng)apprehension“理解；恐懼；逮捕”；D選項(xiàng)likeness“相似”。結(jié)合句意分析選項(xiàng)可知A選項(xiàng)“傾向”更符合題意。

3.單選題

Themayorcalledtogetherallhisstaffmembersandannouncedthatthefreshlyappointeddirectorofgeneralaffairswas（）hisex-wife’sson.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.nobodyotherthan

B.nothingotherthan

C.noneotherthan

D.nototherthan

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。noneotherthan意為“不是別的而正是…”。句意：市長(zhǎng)召集了他所有的職員，宣布新任命的總干事不是別人，正是他前妻的兒子。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

4.單選題

Heisalwaysmeticulousinkeepingtherecordsuptodate.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.scrupulous

B.perpetual

C.puerile

D.studious

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.scrupulous細(xì)心的，小心謹(jǐn)慎的，一絲不茍的B.perpetual永久的，不斷的，無(wú)期限的

C.puerile幼稚的，孩子氣的；天真的D.studious勤奮的，好學(xué)的

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】由keepingtherecordsuptodate（保持記錄的更新）可推測(cè)，劃線單詞meticulous表示“一絲不茍的，小心翼翼的”，因此A選項(xiàng)含義最為接近。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B、C、D項(xiàng)與劃線單詞意思不符合。

【句意】他總是一絲不茍地保持記錄的更新。

5.單選題

Wearenotsurethathewillbeableto（

）theshockofgoingbankrupt.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.getover

B.putthrough

C.takeup

D.dependupon

【答案】A

【解析】getover克服，恢復(fù)，熬過(guò)；putthrough接通，完成，使經(jīng)受；takeup拿起，開始從事；dependupon依賴，取決于。句意：我們不確定他能否從破產(chǎn)的打擊中恢復(fù)過(guò)來(lái)。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

6.單選題

Allthedoctor’seffortswere______andthepatientsoondied.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.intears

B.invain

C.inturn

D.inall

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)intears“流著淚”；B選項(xiàng)invain“無(wú)效”；C選項(xiàng)inturn“輪流；依次；反過(guò)來(lái)”；D選項(xiàng)inall“總共，合計(jì)”。句意：醫(yī)生的所有努力都是______，病人很快就死了。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，醫(yī)生的努力沒有成功救回病人，invain“無(wú)效”符合題意。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

7.單選題

Ittookhimseveralmonthsto______thewildhorse.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.tend

B.cultivate

C.tame

D.breed

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)tend“趨向，傾向”，B項(xiàng)cultivate“培養(yǎng)”，C項(xiàng)tame“馴服”，D項(xiàng)breed“使動(dòng)物繁殖，培養(yǎng)”。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞wildhorse“野馬”可知，C選項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。句意：馴服那匹野馬花了他幾個(gè)月的時(shí)間。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

8.單選題

Thesechangeshavenotbeensufficientto（）thelosses.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.stem

B.stimulate

C.cause

D.compensate

【答案】D

【解析】語(yǔ)義題。空格填人的詞應(yīng)與sufficient詞義相近。因此D項(xiàng)compensate（補(bǔ)償，報(bào)酬）符合要求。

9.單選題

Theproducersofinstantcoffeefoundtheirproductstronglyresistedinthemarketplacesdespitetheirmanifestadvantages.Furthermore,theadvertisingexpenditureforinstantcoffeewasfargreaterthanthatforregularcoffee.

Effortsweremadetofindthecauseoftheconsumers’seeminglyunreasonableresistancetotheproduct.Thereasongivenbymostpeoplewasdislikeforthetaste.Theproducerssuspectedthattheremightbedeeperreasons,however.Thiswasconfirmedbyoneofmotivationresearch’sclassicstudies,oneoftencitedinthetrade.MasonHaire,oftheUniversityofCalifornia,constructedtwoshoppingliststhatwereidenticalexceptforoneitem.Thereweresixitemscommontobothlists:hamburger,carrots,bakingpowder,bread,cannedpeachesandpotatoes,withthebrandsofamountsspecified.Theseventhitem,inthefifthplaceonbothlists,read“1lb.MaxwellHousecoffee”ononelistand“Nescafeinstantcoffee”ontheother.Onelistwasgiventoeachpersoninagroupoffiftywomen,andtheotherlisttothoseinanothergroupofthesamesize.Thewomenwereaskedtostudytheirlistsandthentodescribe,asfarastheycould,thekindofwoman(“personalityandcharacter”)whowoulddrawupthatshoppinglist.Nearlyhalfofthosewhohadreceivedthelistincludinginstantcoffeedescribedahousewifewhowaslazyandapoorplanner.Ontheotherhand,onlyonewomanintheothergroupdescribedthehousewife,whohadincludedregularcoffeeonherlist,aslazy;onlysixofthatgroupsuggestedthatshewasapoorplanner.Eightwomenfeltthattheinstantcoffeeuserwasprobablynotagoodwife!Nooneintheothergroupdrewsuchaconclusionaboutthehousewifewhointendedtobuyregularcoffee.

1.Thefactthatproducersfoundresistancetotheirproductdespitethefactthattheyspentmoreadvertisingmoneyoninstantthanregularcoffeeshowsthat（

）.

2.Inthisinstance,thepurposeofmotivationresearchwastodiscover

（

）.

3.Thisinvestigationindicatedthat

（

）.

4.Ontheresultsofthistest,theproducersprobablyrevisedtheiradvertisingtoshowa

（

）.

5.Impliedbutnotstated:（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.advertisingdoesnotassurefavorablesalesresult

B.companiesspentmoremoneyonadvertisingthantheyshould

C.peoplepaylittleattentiontoadvertising

D.themoreoneadvertisesthebetterthesalespicture

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.whypeopledrinkcoffee

B.whyinstantcoffeedidnottastegood

C.whyregularcoffeewassuccessful

D.therealreasonwhypeoplewouldnotbuyinstantcoffee

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.50percentofhousewivesarelazy

B.housewiveswhouseinstantcoffeearelazy

C.manywomenbelievethatwiveswhouseinstantcoffeearelazy

D.wiveswhouseregularcoffeearegoodplanners

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.lazyhousewifeusingregularcoffee

B.hardworkinghousewifeusinginstantcoffee

C.lazyhousewifeusinginstantcoffee

D.manobviouslyenjoyingthetasteofinstantcoffee

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Despiteitsadvantages,mostpeopledislikedinstantcoffeebecauseofitstaste

B.Theadvertisingexpenditureforinstantcoffeewasgreaterthanthatforregularcoffee

C.Veryoftenwedonotknowtherealreasonsfordoingthings

D.Tasteistheprincipalfactorindeterminingwhatwebuy

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.推理判斷題。題目問的是“盡管在速溶咖啡上花了比普通咖啡更多的廣告費(fèi)，但是生產(chǎn)商發(fā)現(xiàn)這種商品受到了消費(fèi)者的抵制，這說(shuō)明……”生廠商為他們的即沖咖啡做了大量廣告然而卻沒能得到消費(fèi)者的認(rèn)可，可以得出并不是所有的廣告都能起到預(yù)期效果，所以A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“在這個(gè)例子中，動(dòng)機(jī)研究的目的是為了發(fā)現(xiàn)……”。文章第二段第三句提到“生產(chǎn)商懷疑有更深層的原因”（Theproducerssuspectedthattheremightbedeeperreasons,however），由此可以得出這項(xiàng)調(diào)查是為了找出為什么消費(fèi)者不接受即沖咖啡這個(gè)產(chǎn)品。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“這項(xiàng)調(diào)查表明……”。文章最后一段提到家庭主婦認(rèn)為買速溶咖啡證明這個(gè)人非常懶惰，不是一個(gè)好妻子（Eightwomenfeltthattheinstantcoffeeuserwasprobablynotagoodwife），選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“根據(jù)這次試驗(yàn)的結(jié)果，生廠商有可能修改廣告的內(nèi)容，這表明……”。調(diào)查結(jié)果表明人們不買速溶咖啡的原因是它暗示家庭主婦懶惰或者不會(huì)精明持家，所以生產(chǎn)商應(yīng)該在轉(zhuǎn)變這種暗示上花功夫。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

5.判斷推理題。題目問的是“文章暗示但沒有說(shuō)明……”。文章提到消費(fèi)者不愿意買速溶咖啡是因?yàn)檫@種咖啡味道不好，卻忽略了更為深層的含義：只有懶惰的家庭主婦才會(huì)買這種咖啡。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

10.單選題

Wecandistinguishthreedifferentrealmsofmatter,threelevelsonthequantumladder.Thefirstistheatomicrealm,whichincludestheworldofatoms,theirinteractions,andthestructuresthatareformedbythem,suchasmolecules,liquidsandsolids,andgasesandplasmas.Thisrealmincludesallthephenomenaofatomicphysics,chemistry,and,inacertainsense,biology.Theenergyexchangestakingplaceinthisrealmareofarelativelyloworder.Iftheseexchangesarebelowoneelectronvolt,suchasinthecollisionsbetweenmoleculesoftheairinaroom,thenatomsandmoleculescanberegardedaselementaryparticles.Thatis,theyhave“conditionalelementarity”becausetheykeeptheiridentityanddonotchangeinanycollisionsorinotherprocessesattheselowenergyexchanges.Ifonegoestohigherenergyexchanges,say104electronvolts,thenatomsandmoleculeswilldecomposeintonucleiandelectrons;atthislevel,thelatterparticlesmustbeconsideredaselementary.WefindexamplesofstructuresandprocessesofthisfirstrungofthequantumladderonEarth,onplanets,andonthesurfacesofstars.

Thenextrungisthenuclearrealm.Heretheenergyexchangesaremuchhigher,ontheorderofmillionsofelectronvolts.Aslongaswearedealingwithphenomenaintheatomicrealm,suchamountsofenergyareunavailable,andmostnucleiareinert:theydonotchange.However,ifoneappliesenergiesofmillionsofelectronvolts,nuclearreactions,fissionandfusion,andtheprocessesofradioactivityoccur;ourelementaryparticlesthenareprotons,neutrons,andelectrons.Inaddition,nuclearprocessesproduceneutrinos,particlesthathavenodetectablemassorcharge.Intheuniverse,energiesatthislevelareavailableinthecentersofstarsandinstarexplosions.Indeed,theenergyradiatedbythestarsisproducedbynuclearreactions.ThenaturalradioactivitywefindonEarthisthelong-livedremnantofthetimewhennow-earthlymatterwasexpelledintospacebyamajorstellarexplosion.

Thethirdrungofthequantumladderisthesubnuclearrealm.Herewearedealingwithenergyexchangesofmanybillionsofelectronvolts.Weencounterexcitednucleons,newtypesofparticlessuchasmesons,heavyelectrons,quarks,andgluons,andalsoantimatterinlargequantities.Thegluonsarethequanta,orsmallestunits,oftheforce（thestrongforce）thatkeepsthequarkstogether.Aslongaswearedealingwiththeatomicornuclearrealm,thesenewtypesofparticlesdonotoccurandthenucleonsremaininert.Butatsubnuclearenergylevels,thenucleonsandmesonsappeartobecomposedofquarks,sothatthequarksandgluonsfigureaselementaryparticles.

1.Theprimarytopicofthepassageis（）.

2.Accordingtothepassage,radioactivitythatoccursnaturallyonEarthistheresultof（）.

3.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingcanbefoundintheatomicrealm?

4.Accordingtotheauthor,gluonsarenot（）.

5.Thepassagespeaksofparticlesashavingconditionalelementarityifthey（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.theinteractionoftherealmsonthequantumladder

B.atomicstructuresfoundonEarth,onotherplanets,andonthesurfacesofstars

C.levelsofenergythatarereleasedinnuclearreactionsonEarthandinstars

D.particlesandprocessesfoundintheatomic,nuclear,andsubnuclearrealms

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.theproductionofparticlesthathavenodetectablemassorelectriccharge

B.highenergyexchangesonthenuclearlevelthatoccurredinanancientexplosioninastar

C.processesthatoccurinthecenteroftheSun,whichemitsradiationtotheEarth

D.high-voltagedischargesofelectricitythattookplaceintheatmosphereoftheEarthshortlyaftertheEarthwasformed

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Morethanonelevelofenergyexchange

B.Exactlyoneelementaryparticle

C.Exactlythreekindsofatomicstructures

D.Noparticlessmallerthanatoms

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.foundtobeconditionallyelementary

B.producedinnuclearreactions

C.encounteredinsubnuclearenergyexchanges

D.relatedtothestrongforce

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.remainunchangedatthegivenlevelofenergyexchange

B.cannotbedecomposedintosmallerconstituents

C.releaseenergyatalowlevelincollisions

D.belongtothenuclearlevelonthequantumladder

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.主旨大意題。本篇開頭介紹了我們可以區(qū)分物質(zhì)的三個(gè)不同領(lǐng)域，在量子階梯上的三個(gè)層次。接著三段分別闡述了原子能領(lǐng)域，原子核領(lǐng)域以及亞核領(lǐng)域的物質(zhì)及物質(zhì)產(chǎn)生過(guò)程。故D項(xiàng)“在原子、原子核和亞核領(lǐng)域中發(fā)現(xiàn)的粒子和過(guò)程”符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干定位到第二段"However,ifoneappliesenergiesofmillionsofelectronvolts,nuclearreactions,fissionandfusion,andtheprocessesofradioactivityoccur;ourelementaryparticlesthenareprotons,neutrons,andelectrons."然而，如果一個(gè)人應(yīng)用數(shù)百萬(wàn)電子伏特的能量，核反應(yīng)、裂變和聚變，那么放射性過(guò)程就會(huì)發(fā)生;我們的基本粒子是質(zhì)子、中子和電子。據(jù)此可知地球上自然發(fā)生的放射性現(xiàn)象是極高的能量交換發(fā)生反應(yīng)的結(jié)果。故B項(xiàng)“是一個(gè)古老的恒星爆炸過(guò)程中的高能量的核水平交換的結(jié)果”正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“atomicrealm”可定位到第一段Iftheseexchangesarebelowoneelectronvolt,……Ifonegoestohigherenergyexchanges,say104electronvolts,thenatomsandmoleculeswilldecomposeintonucleiandelectrons;atthislevel,thelatterparticlesmustbeconsideredaselementary.如果這些交換低于1電子伏特，如果進(jìn)行更高的能量交換，比如104電子伏特，那么原子和分子就會(huì)分解成原子核和電子;在這個(gè)層次上，后一種粒子必須被認(rèn)為是基本粒子。據(jù)此可知第一段在原子領(lǐng)域不止一級(jí)能量交換，可以有高能量和低能量交換。故A項(xiàng)正確。B項(xiàng)與原文內(nèi)容"thenatomsandmoleculeswilldecomposeintonucleiandelectrons;atthislevel,thelatterparticlesmustbeconsideredaselementary."那么原子和分子就會(huì)分解成原子核和電子;在這個(gè)。層次上，后一種粒子必須被認(rèn)為是基本粒子”不符，原子領(lǐng)域除了基本粒子還有其他成分。CD兩項(xiàng)第一段未提及。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞gluons定位到第三段"Thegluonsarethequanta,orsmallestunits,oftheforce（thestrongforce）thatkeepsthequarkstogether.Aslongaswearedealingwiththeatomicornuclearrealm,thesenewtypesofparticlesdonotoccurandthenucleonsremaininert.Butatsubnuclearenergylevels,thenucleonsandmesonsappeartobecomposedofquarks,sothatthequarksandgluonsfigureaselementaryparticles."膠子是使夸克聚集在一起的力（強(qiáng)力）的量子，或最小的單位。只要我們研究的是原子或核領(lǐng)域，這些新型粒子就不會(huì)出現(xiàn)，核子也會(huì)保持惰性。但是在亞核能級(jí)，核子和介子似乎是由夸克組成的，所以夸克和膠子是基本粒子。據(jù)此可知膠子不會(huì)出現(xiàn)在原子和核領(lǐng)域，故B項(xiàng)正確。其他選項(xiàng)與題干中的gluons無(wú)關(guān)。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞"conditionalelementarity"定位到第一段"Iftheseexchangesarebelowoneelectronvolt,suchasinthecollisionsbetweenmoleculesoftheairinaroom,thenatomsandmoleculescanberegardedaselementaryparticles.Thatis,theyhave“conditionalelementarity”becausetheykeeptheiridentityanddonotchangeinanycollisionsorinotherprocessesattheselowenergyexchanges."如果這些交換低于1電子伏特，例如在一個(gè)房間里空氣分子之間的碰撞，那么原子和分子可以被視為基本粒子。也就是說(shuō)，它們有“條件元素性”因?yàn)樗鼈儽３炙鼈兊耐恍?，在任何碰撞或其他低能量交換過(guò)程中都不會(huì)改變。據(jù)此可知條件元素性在能量交換過(guò)程中不會(huì)改變。故A項(xiàng)“給定的能量交換水平上保持不變”正確。

11.單選題

Thefactisthatmotherhoodmakestheheaviestdemandsin_______theareasofleastexperience.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.thatitmightbecalled

B.whatmightbecalled

C.whichmightbecalled

D.itmightbecalled

【答案】B

【解析】考查賓語(yǔ)從句。根據(jù)in可知橫線部分是賓語(yǔ)從句，根據(jù)橫線后面判斷賓語(yǔ)從句缺主語(yǔ)。A選項(xiàng)中that不做主語(yǔ)，故A選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。D選項(xiàng)構(gòu)成完整句子，不符合從句結(jié)構(gòu)，故錯(cuò)誤。C選項(xiàng)which表示“哪一個(gè)”，不符合句意，故錯(cuò)誤。B選項(xiàng)中what指areasofleastexperience“經(jīng)驗(yàn)最少的領(lǐng)域”，是從句主語(yǔ)，符合題意。句意：事實(shí)是，當(dāng)母親在所謂不需要經(jīng)驗(yàn)的領(lǐng)域里有最高的要求。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

12.單選題

Johnsonneverscrupledtoignorethestandardsofdecentconductmandatedbycompanypolicyif（

）compliancewithinstructionsfromhissuperiorsenabledhimtodoso,whatevertheeffectsonhissubordinates.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.deigned

B.feigned

C.literal

D.halfhearted

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞和形容詞詞義辨析。deign賜予；feign假裝；裝作；捏造；想象；literal文字的；字面上的；halfhearted不認(rèn)真的；不熱心的；無(wú)興趣的。句意：如果在字面上對(duì)上司指令的服從讓自己能夠去忽視公司政策所頒布的得體的行為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，那么不論對(duì)下屬有什么樣的影響，John都會(huì)從未有所顧忌地去這樣做。由Johnsonneverscrupledtoignore…與compliancewithinstructionsfromhissuperiorsenabledhimtodoso可知“字面上的”符合。

13.單選題

Informationtechnologythathelpsdoctorsandpatientsmakedecisionshasbeenaroundforalongtime.CrudeonlinetoolslikeWebMDgetmillionsofvisitorsaday.ButWatsonisadifferentbeast.AccordingtoIBM,itcandigestinformationandmakerecommendationsmuchmorequickly,andmoreintelligently,thanperhapsanymachinebeforeit—processingupto60millionpagesoftextpersecond,evenwhenthattextisintheformofplainoldprose,orwhatscientistscall“naturallanguage”?

That’snosmallthing,becausesomethinglike80percentofallinformationis“unstructured”.Inmedicine,itconsistsofphysiciannotesdictatedintomedicalrecords,long-windedsentencespublishedinacademicjournals,andrawnumbersstoredonlinebypublic-healthdepartments.Atleastintheory,Watsoncanmakesenseofitall.Itcansitinonpatientexaminations,silentlylistening.Andovertime,itcanlearnandgetbetteratfiguringoutmedicalproblemsandwaysoftreatingthemthemoreitinteractswithrealcases.Watsonevenhastheabilitytoconveydoubt.Whenitmakesdiagnosesandrecommendstreatments,itusuallyissuesaseriesofpossibilities,eachwithitsownlevelofconfidenceattached.

Medicinehasneverbeforehadatoolquitelikethis.Andatanunofficialcoming-outpartyinLasVegaslastyear,duringtheannualmeetingoftheHealthcareInformationandManagementSystemSociety,morethan1,000professionalspackedalargehotelconferencehall,andanoverflowroomnearby,tohearapresentationbyMartyKohn,anemergency-roomphysicianandaclinicalleaderoftheIBMteamtrainingWatsonforhealthcare.Standingbeforeavideoscreenthatdwarfedhislargeframe,KohndescribedinhishuskyvoicehowWatsoncouldbeagamechanger—notjustinhighlyspecializedfieldslikeoncologybutalsoinprimarycare,giventhatalldoctorscanmakemistakesthatleadtocostly,sometimesdangerous,treatmenterrors.

Drawingonhisownclinicalexperienceandonacademicstudies,Kohnexplainedthataboutone-thirdoftheseerrorsappeartobeproductsofmisdiagnosis,onecauseofwhichis“anchoringbias”：humanbeings，tendencytorelytooheavilyonasinglepieceofinformation.Thishappensallthetimeindoctors，offices,clinics，andemergencyrooms.Aphysicianhearsabouttwoorthreesymptoms，seizesonadiagnosisconsistentwiththose,andsubconsciouslydiscountsevidencethatpointstosomethingelse.Oraphysicianhitsupontherightdiagnosis,butfailstorealizethatit’sincomplete,andendsuptreatingjustoneconditionwhenthepatientis,infact,sufferingfromseveral.ToolslikeWatsonarelesspronetothosefailings.Assuch,Kohnbelieves,theymayeventuallybecomeasubiquitousindoctors，officesasthestethoscope.

“Watsonfillsinforsomehumanlimitations，”Kohntoldmeinaninterview.“Studiesshowthathumansaregoodattakingarelativelylimitedlistofpossibilitiesandusingthatlist,butarefarlessadeptatusinghugevolumesofinformation.That’swhereWatsonshines；takingahugelistofinformationandwinnowingitdown.”

1.WhatisWatson?

2.WhichofthefollowingisbeyondWatsoifsability?

3.MartyKohn().

4.“Anchoringbias”().

5.Whichofthefollowingmaybethebesttitleofthepassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Itisapersonwhoaidsdoctorsinprocessingmedicalrecords.

B.Itisanonlinetoolthatconnectsdoctorsoverdifferentplaces.

C.Itisanintelligentcomputerthathelpsdoctorsmakedecisions.

D.Itisabeastthatgreetsmillionsofvisitorstoamedicalinstitution.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Talkwiththepatient.

B.Calculateprobability.

C.Recommendtreatment.

D.Processsophisticateddata.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.gaveapresentationatanacademicconference

B.worksfortheIBMTrainingDivision

C.isashortpersonwithahuskyvoice

D.expressedoptimismforWatson

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.isadeviceubiquitousindoctors，offices

B.islesslikelytobecommittedbyWatson

C.happensinonethirdofmedicaltreatments

D.isawrongdiagnosiswithincompleteinformation

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.WatsonAsAShiningStar.

B.TheRisksOfMisdiagnosis.

C.TheRobotWillSeeYouNow.

D.IBM’sITSolutionToMedicine.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：Waston是什么？由第一段第三句中“itcandigestinformationandmakerecommendationsmuchmorequickly,andmoreintelligently,thanperhapsanymachinebeforeit”可知Waston是能幫助醫(yī)生和病人的智能電腦。因此選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：以下哪項(xiàng)超出了Watsoif的能力？由第一段最后一句中“digestinformationandmakerecommendations”可得C和D選項(xiàng)。根據(jù)第二段最后一句中“itusuallyissuesaseriesofpossibilities,eachwithitsownlevelofconfidenceattached”可得出B選項(xiàng)。因此選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：MartyKohn______。人名定位到第三段。由段尾的“agamechanger”可推出MartyKohn看好Waston。A選項(xiàng)的academicconference與原文不符合，演講是在一次非正式亮相的聚會(huì)上進(jìn)行的。MartyKohn是“aclinicalleaderoftheIBMteamtrainingWatsonforhealthcare”，而不是IBM培訓(xùn)部的人，所以排除B選項(xiàng)。由“Standingbeforeavideoscreenthatdwarfedhislargeframe”可知MartyKohn本身不矮小，是對(duì)比出的效果，排除C選項(xiàng)。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)推理題。題干：“Anchoringbias”________本文第四段提到了“Anchoringbias”，“humanbeings，tendencytorelytooheavilyonasinglepieceofinformation…”，倒數(shù)第二句指出“ToolslikeWatsonarelesspronetothosefailings”，可知Waston不太容易出現(xiàn)這類錯(cuò)誤。因此選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

5.主旨大意題。題干：下面哪個(gè)可能是這篇文章最好的標(biāo)題？本文主要講述了Waston是什么以及它在醫(yī)學(xué)領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用。因此選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

14.單選題

Sinceprofessorsstandatthecenterofthestudent'sencounterwithcollegelearning,studentsoughttoaskwhatmarksagoodprofessor,whatindicatesabadone.Theonewhosetshighstandard