考研考博-英語-天津鐵道職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇2

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-天津鐵道職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.問答題

Thepatientneededaspinaltap,andaseniorattendingphysicianaskedamedicalresidentwhetherapreparatorybloodtesthadbeenchecked.Themedicalstudentwasstunnedtohearhimanswerintheaffirmative,becauseshewasquitecertainithadnotbeenchecked.

(1)Well,almostcertain.

Doctorsintrainingsometimesconfrontsituationsinwhichtheyworrythattheirsupervisingphysiciansaremakingmistakesorbendingthetruth.(2)Yeteventhoughsuchactscanjeopardizepatients,theinclinationandabilityofyoungdoctorstospeakupishamperedbythehierarchiesinteachinghospitals.

Onthetopweretheseniorphysicianswhomaderoundsonthewardsonceortwicedaily.Nextweretheoverworkedresidents,whoessentiallylivedinthehospitalwhiletraining.(3)Lastwerethemedicalstudentswhoweremostassuredlyatthebottomoftheheap.

Thestudentwhoseresidentseeminglyliedtotheattendingphysicianaboutthebloodtestdidnotspeakup.Theresidentwasagooddoctor,shesaid,andsoshehadgivenhimthebenefitofthedoubt.And,sheadded,boththeresidentandtheattendingphysicianwouldbegradingher.

Whatshouldamedicalstudentdoinsuchasituation?Onepossibilityistotakethematterupwithamoreseniordoctor.Orthestudentmightgodirectlytothepatientorfamily,tellingthemthatthephysicianshaveagenuinedisagreementandthattheydeservetoknowaboutit.

Theseoptionsseemlogicalonpaper.AstheethicistJamesDwyerhaswritteninTheHastingsCenterReport,“Thepracticeofalwayskeepingquietisafailureofcaring.”(4)Butintherealworld,itmaybeextremelydifficulttogoupthechainofcommand.

Fortunately,medicaleducatorsareincreasinglyrecognizingthedilemmasthatdoctorsintrainingconfrontwhentheywitnessbehaviorthatmakesthemuncomfortable.(5)Studentsandresidentsarenowexpectedtoprovideroutinefeedback—positiveandnegative—abouttheirsupervisingphysiciansatthecloseoftheirrotation.

Ofcourse,physiciansandstudentsneedtobeeducatedabouthowtogivefeedbackinprofessionalandnon-confrontationalways.Medicaleducatorsareonlynowbeginningtoteachthisskill.Still,itwillbehardtochangetheunfortunateperceptionthatconstructivefeedback,evenforapatient’sbenefit,iswhistle-blowing.

【答案】答：

1.Almostcertainly,themedicalstudentwasstunnedtohearsuchananswerfromhissupervisor.

2.Theinclinationandabilityofyoungdoctorstospeakupisstoppedbythehospitalhierarchies,despiteappearanceofmistakesbysupervisingphysicians.

3.Atthebottomofhierarchywerethosemedicalstudentsassuredly.

4.Butinrealhospitalenvironment,itisratherdifficultformedicalstudentstogiveacommand.

5.Medicalstudentsandresidentsshouldmakeregularfeedbackabouttheirsupervisingphysicians,positivelyandnegativelyattheendoftheirrotation.

【解析】1.原文句意是：嗯，幾乎可以肯定。原文這一句是對(duì)上文的肯定，上文提到Themedicalstudentwasstunnedtohearhimanswerintheaffirmative,becauseshewasquitecertainithadnotbeenchecked.（學(xué)醫(yī)的學(xué)生聽到他的回答很吃驚，因?yàn)樗芸隙]有經(jīng)過檢查），所以改寫的時(shí)候需要結(jié)合上文的內(nèi)容來進(jìn)行擴(kuò)充，故改寫為Almostcertainly,themedicalstudentwasstunnedtohearsuchananswerfromhissupervisor（幾乎可以肯定的是，醫(yī)學(xué)院的學(xué)生聽到他的導(dǎo)師這樣的回答感到很震驚）。

2.原文句意是：然而，即使這樣的行為可能危及病人，但教學(xué)醫(yī)院的等級(jí)制度阻礙了年輕醫(yī)生發(fā)言的傾向和能力。前半句是讓步狀語從句，并且actscanjeopardizepatients指的是作為指導(dǎo)醫(yī)生，他們的錯(cuò)誤行為危害到病人的健康，所以可以改寫為despiteappearanceofmistakesbysupervisingphysicians（盡管指導(dǎo)醫(yī)生出現(xiàn)了一些錯(cuò)誤）；后半句中的hamper可以用stop來替代，所以句子改寫為Theinclinationandabilityofyoungdoctorstospeakupisstoppedbythehospitalhierarchies,despiteappearanceofmistakesbysupervisingphysicians（醫(yī)院的等級(jí)制度阻止了年輕醫(yī)生說話的傾向和能力，盡管指導(dǎo)醫(yī)生出現(xiàn)了一些錯(cuò)誤）。

3.原文句意是：最后，處于等級(jí)最下層的肯定是這些醫(yī)學(xué)生。atthebottomoftheheap（在底層）指的是等級(jí)制度的底層，所以可以改寫為atthebottomofhierarchy；另外who引導(dǎo)的定語從句是修飾強(qiáng)調(diào)的，所以句式可以精簡(jiǎn)，故這個(gè)句子可改寫為Atthebottomofhierarchywerethosemedicalstudentsassuredly（在等級(jí)制度的最底層肯定是那些醫(yī)科學(xué)生）。

4.原文句意是：但在現(xiàn)實(shí)世界中，要爬上指揮鏈可能極其困難。根據(jù)文章語境，inrealworld（在現(xiàn)實(shí)世界中）指的就是在醫(yī)院環(huán)境中，而thechainofcommand（指揮鏈）的對(duì)象指的則是位于底層的醫(yī)學(xué)生；故該句子可以改寫為Butinrealhospitalenvironment,itisratherdifficultformedicalstudentstogiveacommand（但在現(xiàn)實(shí)的醫(yī)院環(huán)境中，醫(yī)學(xué)生想要得到指揮權(quán)是相當(dāng)困難的）。

5.原文句意是：學(xué)生和住院醫(yī)師現(xiàn)在被要求在輪班結(jié)束時(shí)對(duì)他們的指導(dǎo)醫(yī)生提供常規(guī)的正面和負(fù)面反饋。routine（常規(guī)的）可以改為regular（定期的，普通的）；positiveandnegative在原文中是作為插入語使用，所以可以改為positivelyandnegatively；故該句可改寫為Medicalstudentsandresidentsshouldmakeregularfeedbackabouttheirsupervisingphysicians,positivelyandnegativelyattheendoftheirrotation（醫(yī)學(xué)生和住院醫(yī)師應(yīng)該在輪崗結(jié)束時(shí)，定期對(duì)他們的指導(dǎo)醫(yī)生做出正面和負(fù)面反饋）。

2.單選題

Artistictechniquescan______thetheatricalperformancesandexpressions.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.underwrite

B.underscore

C.underlie

D.underplay

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)underwrite“承擔(dān)經(jīng)濟(jì)責(zé)任，提供財(cái)力支持”，B項(xiàng)underscore“強(qiáng)調(diào)；劃線于……下”，C項(xiàng)underlie“成為……的基礎(chǔ)；位于……之下”，D項(xiàng)underplay“表演不充分；對(duì)……輕描淡寫”。根據(jù)句子意思“藝術(shù)技巧可以……戲劇表演和表達(dá)”，可推斷，空格處填入underscore“加強(qiáng)，突出”符合語境。句意：藝術(shù)技巧可以突出戲劇表演和表現(xiàn)。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

3.單選題

Maryhasjustboughtherself______dress.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.anexpensivebluecotton

B.acottonblueexpensive

C.ablueexpensivecotton

D.acottonexpensiveblue

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.anexpensivebluecotton一條昂貴的藍(lán)色的棉質(zhì)的B.acottonblueexpensive一條棉質(zhì)的藍(lán)色的昂貴的

C.ablueexpensivecotton一條藍(lán)色的昂貴的棉質(zhì)的D.acottonexpensiveblue一條棉質(zhì)的昂貴的藍(lán)色的

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞排序。

【解題思路】英語中當(dāng)名詞前有多個(gè)形容詞做定語時(shí)，這些形容詞通常遵循一定的排序規(guī)則：限定詞（冠詞、指示代詞、物主代詞、數(shù)詞等）+表示觀點(diǎn)的描述性形容詞+形狀、大小、長(zhǎng)短、高低+年齡、新舊+顏色+國(guó)籍、地區(qū)+物質(zhì)材料+中心詞；所以這里的空格應(yīng)該填anexpensivebluecotton，A項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B、C、D選項(xiàng)都不符合形容詞排序規(guī)則。

【句意】瑪麗剛給自己買了一件昂貴的藍(lán)色棉質(zhì)裙子。

4.單選題

OneoftheprincipalthemesofWalzer’scritiqueofliberalcapitalismisthatitisinsufficientlyegalitarian.Walzer’scaseagainsttheeconomicinequalitygeneratedbycapitalismandinfavorof“aradicalredistributionofwealth”ispresentedinawidelycitedessayentitled“InDefenseofEquality.”

ThemoststrikingfeatureofWalzer’scritiqueisthat,farfromrejectingtheprincipleofrewardaccordingtomerit,Walzerinsistsonitsvalidity.Peoplewhoexcelshouldreceivethesuperiorbenefitsappropriatetotheirexcellence.Butpeopleexhibitagreatvarietyofqualities-“intelligence,physicalstrength,agilityandgrace,artisticcreativity,mechanicalskill,leadership,endurance,memory,psychologicalinsight,thecapacityforhardworkevenmoralstrength,sensitivity,theabilitytoexpresscompassion.”Eachdeservesitsproperrecompense,andhenceaproperdistributionofmaterialgoodsshouldreflecthumandifferencesasmeasuredonallthesedifferentscales.Yet,undercapitalism,theabilitytomakemoney(“thegreenthumbofbourgeoissociety”)enablesitspossessortoacquirealmost“everyothersortofsocialgood’’，suchastherespectandesteemofothers.

ThecenterpieceofWalzer’sargumentistheinvocationofaquotationfromPascal'sPensees,whichconcludes:“tyrannyisthewishtoobtainbyonemeanswhatcanonlybehadbyanother”.Pascalbelievesthatweowedifferentdutiestodifferentqualities,sowemightsaythatinfatuationistheproperresponsetocharm,andawetheproperresponsetostrength.Inthislight,Walzercharacterizescapitalismasthetyrannyofmoney(oroftheabilitytomakeit).AndWalzeradvocatesthemeansofeliminatingthistyrannyandofrestoringgenuineequality,theabolitionofthepowerofmoneyoutsideitssphere”.WhatWalzerenvisionsisasocietyinwhichwealthisnolongerconvertibleintosocialgoodswithwhichithasnointrinsicconnection.Walzer'sargumentisapuzzlingone.Afterall,whyshouldthosequalitiesunrelatedtotheproductionofmaterialgoodsberewardedwithmaterialgoods?Isitnottyrannical,inPascal’ssense,toinsistthatthosewhoexcelin“sensitivity”or“theabilitytoexpresscompassion”meritequalwealthwiththosewhoexcelinqualities(suchas“thecapacityforhardwork”)essentialinproducingwealth?YetWalzer'sargument,howeverdeficient,doespointtooneofthemostseriousweaknessesofcapitalism-namely,thatitbringstopredominantpositionsinasocietypeoplewho,nomatterhowlegitimatelytheyhaveearnedtheirmaterialrewards,oftenlackthoseotherqualitiesthatevokeaffectionoradmiration.Someevenargueplausiblythatthisweaknessmaybeirremediable:inanysocietythat,likeacapacitysociety,seekstobecomeeverwealthierinmaterialterms,disproportionaterewardsareboundtoflowtothepeoplewhoareinstrumentalinproducingtheincreaseinitswealth.

1.Theprimarypurposeofthepassageisto（）.

2.TheauthormentionsallofthefollowingasissuesaddressedbyWalzerEXCEPT（）.

3.Theauthor'sinterpretationoftheprinciplethat“weowedifferentdutiestodifferentqualities(Para.3)suggestthatwhichofthefollowingwouldmostprobablybethedutypairedwiththequalityofveracity?

4.TheauthorimpliesthatWalzer'sinterpretationoftheprincipleofrewardaccordingtomeritisdistinctiveforits（）.

5.Thepassageprovidessufficientinformationtoanswerwhichofthefollowingquestions?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.arguethatWalzer'scritiqueofliberalcapitalismisthecornerstoneofWalzer'sthinking

B.identityandtodeprecatetheoriginsoftheintellectualtraditionchampionedby

C.presentmoreclearlythandoestheessayInDefenseofEqualitythedistinctivefeaturesofWalzer'spolitico-economictheories

D.outlineandtoexaminecriticallyWalzer'spositiononeconomicequality

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.properlevelofasociety'swealth

B.properinterpretationof"economicequality"

C.properrecompenseforindividualexcellence

D.groundsforcallingcapitalism"thetyrannyofmoney"

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Dignity

B.Affection

C.Trust

D.Obedience

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.insistenceonmaximizingeveryone'srewards

B.broadconceptionofwhatconstitutesmerit

C.provenvalidity

D.emphasisonequality

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.WhichqualitydoesWalzerdeemtoohighlyvaluedunderliberalcapitalism?

B.Whatweightinrelationtootherqualitiesshouldaqualitylikesensitivityhave,accordingtoWalzer,indeterminingtheproperdistributionofgoods?

C.Whicharethesocialgoodsthatare,accordingtoWalzer,outsidethereachofthepowerofmoney?

D.WhatpracticalstepsdoesWalzersuggestbetakentorelievetheeconomicinequalitygeneratedbycapitalism?

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.主旨大意題。題目問的是“文章的主要目的是什么？”文章第一段提出沃爾則對(duì)自由資本主義的批判的主要主題之一就是它的不平等（OneoftheprincipalthemesofWalzer’scritiqueofliberalcapitalismisthatitisinsufficientlyegalitarian）；第二段和第三段概述和分析了他的經(jīng)濟(jì)平等的觀點(diǎn)，因此選項(xiàng)D。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“除了以下哪一項(xiàng)，其他都是沃爾則提出的？”文章第二段提到“那些出類拔萃的人應(yīng)該得到與其能力相稱的待遇”（Peoplewhoexcelshouldreceivethesuperiorbenefitsappropriatetotheirexcellence），因此可知選項(xiàng)C在文章中被提及，排除；文章第二段提到“每種品質(zhì)都應(yīng)該得到適當(dāng)?shù)膱?bào)酬，因此，需要一個(gè)合適的物質(zhì)分配來反映出人類不同品質(zhì)的差別”（Eachdeservesitsproperrecompense,andhenceaproperdistributionofmaterialgoodsshouldreflecthumandifferencesasmeasuredonallthesedifferentscales），由此可知選項(xiàng)B在文章中被提及，排除；文章第三段提到“據(jù)此，沃爾則將資本主義描述為金錢（或賺錢能力）的暴政”（Inthislight,Walzercharacterizescapitalismasthetyrannyofmoney(oroftheabilitytomakeit)），由此可知選項(xiàng)D在文章中被提及，排除。綜上，選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

3.推理判斷題。題目問的是“作者對(duì)‘我們對(duì)不同的品質(zhì)負(fù)有不同的責(zé)任’這一原則的解釋表明，下列哪一項(xiàng)最有可能與誠(chéng)實(shí)品質(zhì)相對(duì)應(yīng)的責(zé)任？”文章第三段第二句話提到“帕斯卡認(rèn)為，我們對(duì)不同的品質(zhì)負(fù)有不同的責(zé)任，所以我們可以說，迷戀是對(duì)魅力的正確反應(yīng)，敬畏是對(duì)力量的正確反應(yīng)”（Pascalbelievesthatweowedifferentdutiestodifferentqualities,sowemightsaythatinfatuationistheproperresponsetocharm,andawetheproperresponsetostrength），由此可知對(duì)“誠(chéng)實(shí)品質(zhì)”正確的反應(yīng)是“信賴”，因此選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“作者認(rèn)為沃爾則對(duì)于按勞分配原則的解釋是獨(dú)特的，是因?yàn)椤蔽恼碌诙翁岬搅巳藗儽憩F(xiàn)出的各種品質(zhì)，比如智力、體力、敏捷、優(yōu)雅、藝術(shù)創(chuàng)造力、領(lǐng)導(dǎo)能力、耐力、記憶力、洞察力等等，每種品質(zhì)都值得回報(bào)，因此需要一個(gè)適合的物質(zhì)分配來反映出不同品質(zhì)的差別（Eachdeservesitsproperrecompense,andhenceaproperdistributionofmaterialgoodsshouldreflecthumandifferencesasmeasuredonallthesedifferentscales），因此選項(xiàng)B“構(gòu)成品質(zhì)的廣義的概念”符合題意。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“文章為解答下列哪個(gè)問題提供了充足的信息？”文章第二段提到“然而在資本主義制度下，賺錢能力使其擁有者獲得機(jī)會(huì)所有其他類型的社會(huì)福利，比如他人的尊重和自尊”（Yet,undercapitalism,theabilitytomakemoney(“thegreenthumbofbourgeoissociety”)enablesitspossessortoacquirealmost“everyothersortofsocialgood”，suchastherespectandesteemofothers）；文章第三段提到“據(jù)此，沃爾則將資本主義描述為金錢（或賺錢能力）的暴政”（Inthislight,Walzercharacterizescapitalismasthetyrannyofmoney(oroftheabilitytomakeit)），由此可知選項(xiàng)A“沃爾則認(rèn)為自由資本主義下高估了的那些品質(zhì)”符合題意。

5.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Informationistheprimarycommodityinmoreandmoreindustriestoday.

By2005,83%ofAmericanmanagementpersonnelwillbeknowledgeworker.EuropeandJapanarenotfarbehind.

By2005,halfofallknowledgeworkers(22%ofthelaborforce)willchoose“flextime,flexplace,flexarrangements,whichallowthemtoworkathome,communicatingwiththeofficeviacomputernetworks.

IntheUnitedStates,theso-called“digitaldivide”seemstobedisappearing.Inearly2000apollfoundthat,wherehalfofwhitehouseholdsownedcomputers,sodidfully43%ofAfrican-Americanhouseholds,andtheirnumberweregrowingrapidly.Hispanichouseholdscontinuedtolagbehind,buttheirrateofcomputerownershipwasexpandingaswell.

Company-ownedandindustry-widetelevisionnetworksarebringingprogrammingtothousandsoflocations.BusinessTVisbecomingbigbusiness.

Computercompetencewillapproach100%inUSurbanareasbytheyear2005,withEuropeandJapannotfarbehind.

80%ofUShomeswillhavecomputersin2005,comparedwithroughly50%now.

IntheUnitedStates,5ofthe10fastest-growingcareersbetweennowand2005willbecomputerrelated.Demandforprogrammersandsystemsanalystswillgrowby70%.ThesametrendisacceleratinginEurope,JapanandIndia.

By2005,nearlyallcollegetextsandmanyhighschoolandjuniorhighbookswillbetiedtoInternetsitesthatprovidesourcesmaterial,studyexercises,andrelevantnewsarticlestoaidinlearning.OtherswillcomewithCD-ROMsthatoffersimilarresources.

Internetlinkswillprovideaccesstothecardcataloguesofallthemajorlibrariesintheworldby2005.ItwillbepossibletocalluponaPCscreenmillionsofvolumesfromdistantlibraries.Websitesenhancebooksbyprovidingpictures,sound,film,clips,andflexibleindexingandsearchutilities.

Implications:AnyonewithaccesstotheInternetwillbeabletoachievetheeducationneededtobuildaproductivelifeinanincreasinglyhigh-techworld.ComputerlearningmayevenreducethegrowingAmericaprisonpopulation.

Knowledgeworkersaregenerallybetterpaidthanless-skilledworkers.Theirwealthisraisingoverallprosperity.

Evenentry-levelworkersandthoseinformerlyunskilledpositionsrequireagrowinglevelofeducation.Foragoodcareerinalmostanyfield,computercompetenceisamust.Thisisonemajortrendraisingthelevelofeducationrequiredforaproductiveroleintoday’sworkforce.Formanyworkers,theopportunityfortrainingisbecomingoneofthemostdesirablebenefitsanyjobcanoffer.

1.InformationtechnologyisexpectedtohaveimpactonallthefollowingEXCEPT（

）.

2.“digitaldivide”inthe4thparagraphrefersto（

）.

3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECTaccordingtothepassage?

4.Whichofthefollowingareasisnotdiscussedinthepassage?

5.Attheendofthepassage,theauthorseemstoemphasize（

）inanincreasinglyhigh-techworld.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Americanmanagementpersonnel

B.Europeanmanagementpersonnel

C.Americanpeople’schoiceofcareer

D.traditionalpracticeatwork

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.thegapintermsofcomputerownership

B.thetendencyofcomputerownership

C.thedividinglinebasedondigits

D.theethnicdistinctionamongAmericanhouseholds

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.By2005allcollegeandschoolstudymaterialswillturnelectronic.

B.By2005printedcollegeandschoolstudymaterialswillbesupplementedwithelectronicmaterial.

C.By2005somecollegeandschoolstudymaterialswillbeaccompaniedbyCD-ROMs.

D.By2005Internetlinksmakeworldwidelibrarysearchapossibility.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.futurecareers

B.Natureoffuturework

C.ethnicdifferences

D.Schoolsandlibraries

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.thevarietyofeducation

B.thecontentofeducation

C.theneedforeducation

D.thefunctionofeducation

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】第1題:事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

A選項(xiàng)“美國(guó)管理人員”，第一步，精準(zhǔn)定位，定位到第二段By2005,83%ofAmericanmanagementpersonnelwillbeknowledgeworker.EuropeandJapanarenotfarbehind.（到2005年，83%的美國(guó)管理人員將是知識(shí)工作者。歐洲和日本也緊隨其后）；

B選項(xiàng)“歐洲管理人員”，同A選項(xiàng)解析；

C選項(xiàng)“美國(guó)人對(duì)職業(yè)的選擇”，定位到第三段By2005,halfofallknowledgeworkers(22%ofthelaborforce)willchoose“flextime,flexplace,flexarrangements…”（到2005年，一半的知識(shí)型員工（22%的勞動(dòng)力）將選擇“彈性工作時(shí)間、彈性工作地點(diǎn)、彈性安排……），由此可知C選項(xiàng)排除；

D選項(xiàng)“工作中的傳統(tǒng)做法”，文章沒有提及，這里屬于無中生有，所以答案選D。

第2題:判斷推理題。第一步，尋找句內(nèi)線索，定位到第四段第二句話Inearly2000apollfoundthat,wherehalfofwhitehouseholdsownedcomputers,sodidfully43%ofAfrican-Americanhouseholds,andtheirnumberweregrowingrapidly（2000年初的一項(xiàng)民意調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，一半的白人家庭擁有電腦，43%的非裔美國(guó)家庭也擁有電腦，而且這一數(shù)字還在迅速增長(zhǎng)），這句話解釋了前文的數(shù)字鴻溝的消失，第二步，尋找上下文線索，第四段第一句內(nèi)容是數(shù)字鴻溝在消失，而這句內(nèi)容是黑人家庭電腦擁有率和白人家庭的差不多了，而且黑人家庭電腦擁有率還在上升，所以從這里可知數(shù)字鴻溝指的是A選項(xiàng)“計(jì)算機(jī)所有權(quán)方面的差距”；

B選項(xiàng)“計(jì)算機(jī)所有權(quán)的趨勢(shì)”，由上可知，無論是黑人還是白人，電腦的擁有量都是在增加的，屬于曲意理解。

C選項(xiàng)“基于數(shù)字的分界線”，文中沒有提及，屬于無中生有。

D選項(xiàng)“美國(guó)家庭的種族差異”，文中沒有提及，屬于無中生有。

第3題:判斷推理題。A選項(xiàng)“到2005年，所有大學(xué)和學(xué)校的學(xué)習(xí)材料都將電子化”；B選項(xiàng)“到2005年，大學(xué)和學(xué)校的學(xué)習(xí)材料將由電子材料補(bǔ)充”；C選項(xiàng)“到2005年，一些大學(xué)和學(xué)校的學(xué)習(xí)資料將附有唯讀光碟?！保籇選項(xiàng)“到2005年，因特網(wǎng)連接使全球圖書館搜索成為可能?！?。定位到文章第九段By2005,nearlyallcollegetextsandmanyhighschoolandjuniorhighbookswillbetiedtoInternetsitesthatprovidesourcesmaterial,studyexercises,andrelevantnewsarticlestoaidinlearning.OtherswillcomewithCD-ROMsthatoffersimilarresources.（到2005年，幾乎所有的大學(xué)課本以及許多高中和初中的課本都將與提供資料來源、學(xué)習(xí)練習(xí)和相關(guān)新聞文章的網(wǎng)站綁定，以幫助學(xué)習(xí)。其他的將附帶提供類似資源的cd-rom）從這里可知B、C選項(xiàng)正確，A選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤，所以答案選A；第十段第一句話Internetlinkswillprovideaccesstothecardcataloguesofallthemajorlibrariesintheworldby2005（到2005年，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)將提供世界上所有主要圖書館的卡片目錄），從這里可知選項(xiàng)D正確，所以不選。

第4題:判斷推理題。句意：下列那個(gè)領(lǐng)域沒有在文章中討論。A選項(xiàng)“未來職業(yè)”；B選項(xiàng)“未來職業(yè)的性質(zhì)”；C選項(xiàng)“種族差距”；D選項(xiàng)“學(xué)校和圖書館”。A選項(xiàng)定位到第二段By2005,83%ofAmericanmanagementpersonnelwillbeknowledgeworker.EuropeandJapanarenotfarbehind.（到2005年，83%的美國(guó)管理人員將是知識(shí)工作者。歐洲和日本也緊隨其后），從這里可知選項(xiàng)A話題有提及；定位到第四段第二句話Inearly2000apollfoundthat,wherehalfofwhitehouseholdsownedcomputers,sodidfully43%ofAfrican-Americanhouseholds,andtheirnumberweregrowingrapidly（2000年初的一項(xiàng)民意調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，一半的白人家庭擁有電腦，43%的非裔美國(guó)家庭也擁有電腦，而且這一數(shù)字還在迅速增長(zhǎng)）這里講述了美國(guó)的數(shù)字鴻溝，討論了種族之間的差距，所以C選項(xiàng)文章有提及；D選項(xiàng)定位到文章第九段By2005,nearlyallcollegetextsandmanyhighschoolandjuniorhighbookswillbetiedtoInternetsitesthatprovidesourcesmaterial,studyexercises,andrelevantnewsarticlestoaidinlearning.OtherswillcomewithCD-ROMsthatoffersimilarresources.（到2005年，幾乎所有的大學(xué)課本以及許多高中和初中的課本都將與提供資料來源、學(xué)習(xí)練習(xí)和相關(guān)新聞文章的網(wǎng)站綁定，以幫助學(xué)習(xí)。其他的將附帶提供類似資源的cd-rom）這里可知D選項(xiàng)文章有提及；所以答案選B。

第5題:判斷推理題。題干：在文章的最后，作者似乎強(qiáng)調(diào)了（）在這個(gè)日益高科技的世界。A選項(xiàng)“教育的多樣”；B選項(xiàng)“教育的內(nèi)容”；C選項(xiàng)“教育的需求”；D選項(xiàng)“未來的教育”。最后一段第一二句Evenentry-levelworkersandthoseinformerlyunskilledpositionsrequireagrowinglevelofeducation.（即使是入門級(jí)工人和那些以前沒有技能的崗位也需要不斷提高教育水平。），從這句可以看出來教育無論對(duì)誰來說都是很必要的，所以答案選C；A、B、D選項(xiàng)屬于無中生有。

6.單選題

Nervesignalsmaytravelthroughnerveormusclefibersatspeedsashighastwohundredmilesperhour.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.velocities

B.impulses

C.ratios

D.atrocities

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)velocities“速度”；B選項(xiàng)impulses“脈沖”；C選項(xiàng)ratios“比率”；D選項(xiàng)atrocities“暴行，殘忍”。句意：神經(jīng)信號(hào)通過神經(jīng)纖維或肌肉纖維的速度可達(dá)每小時(shí)200英里。句子中的劃線部分含義“速度”，與A選項(xiàng)最為接近，因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

7.單選題

Thesedifficultiesshouldnothinderus[A]fromestablishingnormalstaterelations,[B]stillless[C]theyshouldleadto[D]war.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.fromestablishing

B.stillless

C.theyshould

D.war

【答案】C

【解析】【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】倒裝句。

【解題思路】否定詞less置于句首，句子使用部分倒裝，謂語動(dòng)詞把情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或助動(dòng)詞放在主語之前，因此，這里要將C選項(xiàng)改為shouldthey。

【句意】這些困難不應(yīng)妨礙我們建立正常的國(guó)家關(guān)系，更不應(yīng)導(dǎo)致戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。

8.單選題

Inthe1920sdemandforAmericanfarmproductsfell,asEuropeancountriesbegantorecoverfromWorldWarIandinstitutedausterity(緊縮)programstoreducetheirimports.Theresultwasasharpdropinfarmprices.Thisperiodwasmoredisastrousforfarmersthanearliertimeshadbeen,becausefarmerswerenolongerself-sufficient.Theywerepayingformachinery,seed,andfertilizer,andtheywerealsobuyingconsumergoods.Thepricesoftheitemsfarmersboughtremainedconstant,whilepricestheyreceivedfortheirproductsfell.ThesedevelopmentsweremadeworsebytheGreatDepression,whichbeganin1929andextendedthroughoutthe1930s.

In1929,underPresidentHerbertHoover,heFederalFarmBoardwasorganized.Itestablishedtheprincipleofdirectinterferencewithsupplyanddemand,anditrepresentedthefirstnationalcommitmenttoprovidegreatereconomicstabilityforfarmers.

PresidentHoover’ssuccessorattachedevenmoreimportancetothisproblem.OneofthefirstmeasuresproposedbyPresidentFranklinD.Rooseveltwhenhetookofficein1933wastheAgriculturalAdjustmentAct,whichwassubsequentlypassedbyCongress.ThislawgavetheSecretaryofAgriculturethepowertoreduceproductionthroughvoluntaryagreementswithfarmerswhowerepaidtotaketheirlandoutofuse.Adeliberatescarcityoffarmproductswasplannedinanefforttoraiseprices.ThislawwasdeclaredunconstitutionalbytheSupremeCourtonthegroundsthatgeneraltaxeswerebeingcollectedtopayonespecialgroupofpeople.However,newlawswerepassedimmediatelythatachievedthesameresultofrestingsoilandprovidingflood-controlmeasures,butwhichwerebasedontheprincipleofsoilconservation.TheRooseveltAdministrationbelievedthatrebuildingthenation’ssoilwasinthenationalinterestandwasnotsimplyaplantohelpfarmersattheexpenseofothercitizens.Laterthegovernmentguaranteedloanstofarmerssothattheycouldbuyfarmmachinery,hybrid(雜交)grain,andfertilizers.

6.WhatbroughtaboutthedeclineinthedemandforAmericanfarmproducts?

7.ThechiefconcernoftheAmericangovernmentintheareaofagricultureinthe1920swas______.

8.TheAgriculturalAdjustmentActencouragedAmericanfarmersto______.

9.TheSupremeCourtrejectedtheAgriculturalAdjustmentActbecauseitbelievedthattheAct______.

10.ItwasclaimedthatthenewlawspassedduringtheRooseveltAdministrationwereaimedat______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.TheimpactoftheGreatDepression.

B.Theshrinkingofoverseasmarkets.

C.ThedestructioncausedbytheFirstWorldWar.

D.TheincreasedexportsofEuropeancountries.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.toincreasefarmproduction

B.toestablishagriculturallaws

C.topreventfarmersfromgoingbankrupt

D.topromotethemechanizationofagriculture

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.reducetheirscaleofproduction

B.makefulluseoftheirland

C.adjustthepricesoftheirfarmproducts

D.beself-sufficientinagriculturalproduction

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.mightcausegreaterscarcityoffarmproducts

B.didn’tgivetheSecretaryofAgricultureenoughpower

C.wouldbenefitneitherthegovernmentnorthefarmers

D.benefitedonegroupofcitizensattheexpenseofothers

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.reducingthecostoffarming

B.conservingsoilinthelong-terminterestofthenation

C.loweringtheburdenoffarmers

D.helpingfarmerswithoutshiftingtheburdenontoothertaxpayers

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】6.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

6.WhatbroughtaboutthedeclineinthedemandforAmericanfarmproducts?6.是什么導(dǎo)致了對(duì)美國(guó)農(nóng)產(chǎn)品需求的下降？

A.TheimpactoftheGreatDepression.

A.大蕭條的影響。

B.Theshrinkingofoverseasmarkets.B.海外市場(chǎng)的萎縮。

C.ThedestructioncausedbytheFirstWorldWar.C.第一次世界大戰(zhàn)造成的破壞。

D.TheincreasedexportsofEuropeancountries.D.歐洲國(guó)家出口的增加。

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題

【解題思路】第一步，精準(zhǔn)定位，定位到第一段第一句“在20世紀(jì)20年代對(duì)美國(guó)農(nóng)產(chǎn)品的需求下降，歐洲國(guó)家開始從第一次世界大戰(zhàn)中恢復(fù)和制定緊縮項(xiàng)目以減少進(jìn)口”，第二步綜合理解，由此可知是歐洲從戰(zhàn)后恢復(fù)過來了對(duì)美國(guó)的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品需求減少了（reducetheirimports），所以B選項(xiàng)“海外市場(chǎng)的萎縮”正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“大蕭條的影響”，定位到第一段最后一句話“大蕭條使這些發(fā)展變得更糟（madeworsebytheGreatDepression）”，大蕭條使情況變?cè)?，這不是美國(guó)農(nóng)產(chǎn)品對(duì)外出口減少的原因，這里屬于出處錯(cuò)誤；

C選項(xiàng)“第一次世界大戰(zhàn)造成的破壞”，見正確解析，是一戰(zhàn)的影響導(dǎo)致歐洲需要進(jìn)口美國(guó)的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品從而美國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展起來了，而不是一戰(zhàn)造成的破壞使美國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)出口量下降，這里屬于反向干擾；

D選項(xiàng)“歐洲國(guó)家出口的增加”，文章沒有提及，這里屬于無中生有。

7.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

7.ThechiefconcernoftheAmericangovernmentintheareaofagricultureinthe1920swas______.

7.20世紀(jì)20年代，美國(guó)政府在農(nóng)業(yè)領(lǐng)域最關(guān)心的是______。

A.toincreasefarmproductionA.增加農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)

B.toestablishagriculturallawsB.制定農(nóng)業(yè)法律

C.topreventfarmersfromgoingbankruptC.防止農(nóng)民破產(chǎn)

D.topromotethemechanizationofagricultureD.推進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械化

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題

【解題思路】第一步，尋找句內(nèi)線索，定位到第二段第二句話“它確立了直接干預(yù)供求關(guān)系的原則，并代表了第一個(gè)為農(nóng)民提供更大經(jīng)濟(jì)穩(wěn)定性（greatereconomicstabilityforfarmers）的國(guó)家承諾?！钡诙剑瑢ふ疑舷挛木€索，經(jīng)濟(jì)穩(wěn)定性就暗含著國(guó)家兜底保護(hù)農(nóng)民免于破產(chǎn)之災(zāi)，所以C選項(xiàng)“防止農(nóng)民破產(chǎn)”正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】