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書山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-四川機電職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請謹(jǐn)慎購買!第壹套一.全考點押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

Theymanagedto()thesoundonTVeverytimetheallegedvictim'snamewasspoken.

問題1選項

A.deaden

B.deprive

C.punctuate

D.rebuff

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。deaden“使減弱,隔阻”;deprive“剝奪,使喪失”;punctuate“加標(biāo)點于”;rebuff“回絕”。句意:每次說到受害者名字時,他們設(shè)法把電視機聲音調(diào)小。選項A符合題意。

2.單選題

Thegovernment(

)amasscampaigntowipeoutmalariainthisarea.

問題1選項

A.initiated

B.participated

C.modified

D.comprised

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項initiate“發(fā)起,創(chuàng)始”;B選項participate“參與,參加”;C選項modify“修改,修飾”;D選項comprise“包含;由……組成”。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“government政府”和“campaign運動,大型活動”,“towipeoutmalaria”不定式短語表示目的“消滅瘧疾”,可知這里填入的動詞意思應(yīng)該是“發(fā)動,發(fā)起”,句意為:政府在這一地區(qū)發(fā)動了一場消滅瘧疾的運動。選項A符合題意。

3.單選題

)tomorrow,hewouldgettherebyFriday.

問題1選項

A.Wouldheleave

B.Washeleaving

C.Ifheleaves

D.Werehetoleave

【答案】D

【解析】考查虛擬語氣。由tomorrow可知,從句表示的是對將來事實的虛擬,從句謂語動詞的形式有三種,即weretodo,shoulddo,動詞的過去式(be動詞用were)。并且可將if去掉,將謂語動詞放于主語前。故D項正確。句意:如果他明天出發(fā),他周五將到達那里。

4.單選題

He(

)hishead,wonderinghowtosolvetheproblem.

問題1選項

A.scrapped

B.screwed

C.scraped

D.scratched

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞辨析。scrap意為“廢棄,報廢”;screw意為“旋緊,擰緊”;scrape意為“刮,擦”;scratch意為“撓,搔,抓”。

句意:他撓他的頭,不知如何解決這個問題。

5.單選題

Nothingwould()Elizabethtogiveupthecauseofeducation.

問題1選項

A.induce

B.deduce

C.reduce

D.seduce

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項induce“導(dǎo)致”;B選項deduce“推論”;C選項reduce“減少”;D選項seduce“誘惑”。句意:沒有什么能讓伊麗莎白放棄教育事業(yè)。本句表示導(dǎo)致某人放棄。因此A選項正確。

6.翻譯題

Itissimpleenoughtosaythatsincebookshaveclasses-fiction,biography,poetryweshouldseparatethemandtakefromeachwhatisrightthateachshouldgiveus.Yetfewpeopleaskfrombookswhatbookscangiveus.Mostcommonlywecometobookswithblurredanddividedminds,askingoffictionthatitshallbetrue,ofpoetrythatitshallbefalse,ofbiographythatitshallbeflattering,ofhistorythatitshallenforceourownprejudices.Ifwecouldbanishallsuchpreconceptionswhenweread,thatwouldbeanadmirablebeginning.Donotdictatetoyourauthor;trytobecomehim.Behisfellow-workerandaccomplice.Ifyouhangback,andreserve,andcriticizeatfirst,youarepreventingyourselffromgettingthefullestpossiblevaluefromwhatyouread.Butifyouopenyourmindaswidelyaspossible,thensignsandhintsofalmostimperceptiblefineness,fromthetwist,andturnofthefirstsentences,willbringyouintothepresenceofahumanbeingunlikeanyother.Steepyourselfinthis,acquaintyourselfwiththis,andsoonyouwillfindthatyourauthorisgivingyou,orattemptingtogiveyou,somethingfarmoredefinite.

【答案】既然書有小說、傳記、詩歌之分,我們就應(yīng)該把它們分類,從中吸收它們應(yīng)該給予的知識。這說起來很容易。然而很少有人要求書本應(yīng)該給予的知識。我們總是囫圇吞棗般去看書,要求小說必須真實,要求詩歌必須虛構(gòu),要求傳記諂媚,要求歷史書能加強自己的偏見。如果我們讀書之前能拋開這些偏見,將會是一個好的開始。不要去強加你的想法給作者,而是要去理解他,成為他的伙伴。如果你將自己置身事外,并且從一開始就批判他,你就無法從書中獲得最大的價值。但是如果你敞開心扉,那么書中精細入微的寓言和暗示便會讓你從開頭那些晦澀的句子中繞出來,把你帶到一個獨特的人物面前。把自己沉浸在里面去鉆研,你很快會發(fā)現(xiàn),作者正向你闡述的或者是試圖向你闡述的東西是一些比原來要明確得多的東西。

7.單選題

TheUnitedNationsdeclaredlastFridaythatSomalia’sfamineisover.Buttheofficialdeclaration

meanslittletothemillionsofSomaliswhoarestillhungryandwaitingfortheircropstogrow.

KenMenkhaus,professorofpoliticalscienceatDavidsonCollege,saiditwasprofoundlydisappointingtobediscussinganotherSomalifamine,afterheworkedinthecountryduringthe1991-1992one.Eachfamine,hesaid,hasdistinctcharacteristics,andthisoneunfoldinslowmotionoverthepastcoupleofyears.That’satleastpartlybecausetheSomalidiasporasentmoneyhomethatdelayedtheworsteffects.

MenkhauswasamongfourexpertsonSomaliaandfaminewhospokeattheRadcliffeGymMondayeveningandgatheredfortheevent,“SoundtheHom:FamineintheHomofAfrica.”PaulFarmer,KolokotronesUniversityProfessorofGlobalHealthandSocialMedicine,drewonhisexperiencetreatingmalnourishedpeopleinHaiti,wherehehasworkedfordecade,andsaidthehumanandsocialcontextofhome,andaidtofamiliesshouldbepartofwearingthechild,hesaid.Similarly,broaderagriculturalinterventionsandfairtradepoliciesareneededtoboostlocalagriculturaleconomies.

Thoughfamineisoftenthoughtofasanaturaldisaster,Monday’sspeakerssaidthatisafalseimpression.ThoughSomaliasufferedthroughaseveredrought,withtoday’sinstantcommunications,transportsystemscanmovemassiveamountsoffood.Giventoday’sglobalfoodmarkets,famineistoooftenafailureoflocalgovernmentandinternationalresponse.

“Intoday’s21st-centuryworld,justabouteverythingaboutfamineisman-made.We’renolongerinaworldofmanagainstnature.”saidRobertPaarlberg,adjunctprofessorofpublicpolicyattheHarvardKennedySchool.

Ethiopia,whichwasalsoaffectedbytherecentdrought,faredmuchbetterthistimebecauseofreformsimplementedafterthe2001one.Likewise,Paarlbergsaid,northernandcentralSomalia,regionsthatfalloutsideoftheinfluenceoftheAl-Shabaabmilitia,alsofaredbetter.Therewereseveralman-madefeaturesofthisfamine,whichaffectedmorethan10millionpeopleandkilledbetween50,000and100,000,halfofthemchildrenunderage5.

Thelargestman-madefeaturewastheroleoftheAl-Shabaabmilitiathatrulestheregionandthatkeptfoodaidfromreachingthoseinneed.Buttheinternationalcommunityisn’tblameless.AsearlyasNovember2010,aninternationalfamineearlywarningsystemwaspredictingthefailureofrainsintheregion,buttheinternationalcommunitydidn’trespondfullyuntilanofficialfaminewasdeclaredinJuly2011.Ontopofthat,U.S.anti-terrorismlawscutofffoodaidbecauseAl-Shabaab,listedasaterroristgroup,wastakingsomeofit.

ThoughtheUnitedNationshasdeclaredthefamineover,thatwasbasedonstatisticalmeasures,suchasthenumberofpeopledyingeachdayandthenumberofchildrenwhoaremalnourished.Thoughtheofficialfaminemaybeover,bothU.N.officialsandMonday’sspeakerssaidthecrisiscontinuesforthepeopleofSomalia.Almostathirdofthepopulationremainsdependentonhumanitarianassistance,cropsgrowingfromrecentrainswilltakemonthstoreachmaturity,andherdsofcows,goats,andotheranimalsweregreatlyreducedduringthecrisis.

MichaelDelaney,directorofhumanitarianresponseforOxfamAmerica,warnedthattheworldwillhaveanotherchancetogetitsresponseright,becausethewarningsignsarepointingtoanimpendingfamineinAfrica’sSahel,thearid,continent-spanningtransitionzonejustbelowtheSaharaDesert.

1.ThecurrentSomalifamineisdifferentfromthe1991-1992oneinthat().

2.Intreatingthemalnourishedpatients,attentionshouldbepaidtothefollowingEXCEPT()

3.Whatisimpliedby“We’renolongerinaworldofmanagainstnature”?

4.RegardingthecurrentfamineinSomalia,who’stoblamemost?

5.WhatproblemstillremainsfromthecurrentSomalifamine?

問題1選項

A.itreceivedlessinternationalaid

B.worsteffectscamemoreslowly

C.itcaughtmoreattentionfromtheworld

D.itlastedlongerdespitehelpfromtheUN

問題2選項

A.makingfairtradepolicies

B.aidingthepatients’families

C.ignoringtheindicationofpoverty

D.exercisingagriculturalinterventions

問題3選項

A.Naturaldisasteralonecannotexplainfamine.

B.Weliveinaworldofmanyman-madematters.

C.Theworldismadeupofconflictingsocialforces.

D.Humanbeingsfightwithoneanotherforbetterlife.

問題4選項

A.TheUnitedStates.

B.TheAl-Shabaabmilitia.

C.TheUnitedNationsFAO.

D.Theinternationalcommunity.

問題5選項

A.Thenumberofmalnourishedchildrenremainsunknown.

B.Halfofthepopulationremainsdependentonhumanitarianassistance.

C.Cropsgrowingfromrecentrainswerereapedbeforereachingmaturity.

D.Herdsofcows,goatsandotheranimalsweregreatlyreducedduringthefamine.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.細節(jié)題。題干:索馬里這次饑荒與1991-1992年的饑荒不同是因為______。本文第二段提到了1991-1992的饑荒,最后一句中提到“……delayedtheworsteffects”,說明這次饑荒比之前那次的最壞的影響來得晚些。因此B選項符合題意。

2.細節(jié)題。題干:在治療營養(yǎng)不良的病人時,應(yīng)注意以下幾點除了_____。本文第三段提到malnourishedpatients,后文中“…andaidtofamiliesshouldbepartofwearingthechild…broaderagriculturalinterventionsandfairtradepoliciesareneeded…”,對應(yīng)選項A、B、D。因此C選項符合題意。

3.判斷推理題。題干:“我們不再處于一個人與自然作斗爭的世界”指的是什么?根據(jù)語句定位到文章第五段,前文中“Intoday’s21st-centuryworld,justabouteverythingaboutfamineisman-made”表明現(xiàn)在與饑荒有關(guān)的一切幾乎都是人為的,單純自然災(zāi)害這個因素不足以解釋饑荒,因此A選項符合題意。

.4判斷推理題。題干:關(guān)于索馬里目前的饑荒,誰是罪魁禍?zhǔn)??題干中的blame可對應(yīng)上第七段第二句的blameless,由此可定位。往前看到“thelargestfeature”可知最大的人為因素是青年黨民兵組織。因此B選項符合題意。

5.細節(jié)題。題干:索馬里目前的饑荒還遺留著什么問題?本文倒數(shù)第二段中提到,盡管聯(lián)合國宣告饑荒已結(jié)束,但問題還有很多。A選項中營養(yǎng)不良的孩子的數(shù)由官方統(tǒng)計而來;B選項halfthepopulation與文中athirdofthepopulation不符;C選項的werereapedbefore與原文的takesmonthstoreachmaturity不符。因此D選項符合題意。

8.單選題

Wantaglimpseofthefutureofhealthcare?Takealookatthewaythevariousnetworksofpeopleinvolvedinpatientcarearebeingconnectedtooneanother:andhowthisnewconnectivityisbeingexploitedtodelivermedicinetothepatient—nomatterwhereheorshemaybe.

Onlinedoctorsofferingadvicebasedonstandardizedsymptomsarethemostobviousexample.Increasingly,however,remotediagnosis(telemedicine)willbebasedonrealphysiologicaldatafromtheactualpatient.AgroupfromtheUniversityofKentuckyhasshownthatbyusinganoff-the-shelfPDA(personaldataassistance)suchasaPalmPilotplusamobilephone,itisperfectlyfeasibletotransmitapatient’svitalsignsoverthetelephone.Withthiskindofequipmentinafirst-aidkit,thecryaskingwhethertherewasadoctorinthehousecouldwellbeathingofthepast.

Othermedicaltechnologygroupsareworkingonapplyingtelemedicinetoruralcare.Andatleastoneteamwantstousetelemedicineasatoolfordisasterresponse—especiallyafterearthquakes.Overall,thetrendistowardsprovidingglobalaccesstomedicaldataandexpertise.

Butthereisoneproblem.BandwidthisthelimitingfactorfortransmittingcomplexmedicalimagesaroundtheworldCTscansbeingoneofthebiggestbandwidthconsumers.Communicationssatellitesmaybeabletocopewiththeshort-termneedsduringdisasterssuchasearthquakes,warsorfamines.Butmedicineislookingtowardsboththesecond-generationInternetandthird-generationmobilephonesforthefutureofdistributedmedicalintelligence.

Doctorshavemettodiscusscomputer-basedtoolsformedicaldiagnosis,trainingandtelemedicine.Withthefallingpriceofbroadbandcommunications,thenewtechnologiesshouldusherinanerawhentelemedicineandthesharingofmedicalinformation,expertopinionanddiagnosisarecommon.

46.Thebasisofremotediagnosiswillbe______.

47.TheSentence“thecryaskingwhethertherewasadoctorinthehousecouldwellbeathingofthepast”means______.

48.Allthefollowingstatementsaretrueexceptthat______.

49.Theword“problem”inthefourthparagraphreferstothefactthat______.

50.Apropertitleforthepassagemaybe______.

問題1選項

A.standardizedsymptomsofapatient

B.personaldataassistance

C.transmittedcomplexmedicalimages

D.realphysiologicaldatafromapatient

問題2選項

A.nowpeopleprobablywouldnotaskifthereisadoctorinthehouse

B.patientsusedtocryandaskiftherewasadoctorinthehouse

C.inthepastpeopleoftencriedandaskediftherewasadoctorinthehouse

D.patientsarenowstillaskingifthereisadoctorinthehouse

問題3選項

A.itisnowfeasibletotransmitapatient’svitalsignsovertelephone

B.floodisnotamongthedisastersmentionedinthepassage

C.thetrendinapplyingtelemedicineistowardprovidingglobalaccesstomedicaldata

D.telemedicineisbeingusedbymanymedicalteamsasatoolfordisasterresponse

問題4選項

A.therearenotenoughmobilephonesfordistributingmedicalintelligence

B.CTscansareoneofthebiggestbandwidthconsumers

C.bandwidthisnotadequatetotransmitcomplexmedicalimagesaroundtheworld

D.communicationssatellitescanonlycopewiththeshort-termneedsduringdisasters

問題5選項

A.ImprovementinCommunications

B.TheInlineDoctorIsIn

C.ApplicationofTelemedicine

D.HowtoMakeRemoteDiagnosis

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】46.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】細節(jié)事實題。題干意思是“遠程診斷的基礎(chǔ)將是……”。第二段的第二句話提到Increasingly,however,remotediagnosis(telemedicine)willbebasedonrealphysiologicaldatafromtheactualpatient.(然而,越來越多的遠程診斷(遠程醫(yī)療)將基于實際患者的真實生理數(shù)據(jù)),由此可知,遠程診斷的基礎(chǔ)是患者的真實生理數(shù)據(jù),因此D項“病人真實的生理數(shù)據(jù)”正確;A項“病人的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化癥狀”,第二段第一句話提到Onlinedoctorsofferingadvicebasedonstandardizedsymptomsarethemostobviousexample.(網(wǎng)上醫(yī)生根據(jù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化癥狀提供建議就是最明顯的例子),由此可知根據(jù)病人標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化癥狀診斷的是網(wǎng)上醫(yī)生,而不是遠程醫(yī)療;B項“個人數(shù)據(jù)輔助設(shè)備”,第二段第三句提到AgroupfromtheUniversityofKentuckyhasshownthatbyusinganoff-the-shelfPDA(personaldataassistance)suchasaPalmPilotplusamobilephone,itisperfectlyfeasibletotransmitapatient’svitalsignsoverthetelephone(肯塔基大學(xué)的一個研究小組已經(jīng)證明,通過使用現(xiàn)成的PDA(個人數(shù)據(jù)輔助設(shè)備),如掌上電腦和移動電話,通過電話傳輸病人的生命體征是完全可行的),由此可知,個人數(shù)據(jù)輔助設(shè)備是用來傳輸病人生命體征,只是一種傳輸途徑而已,這與題干的問題沒有干系;C項“傳輸復(fù)雜的醫(yī)學(xué)圖像”,倒數(shù)第二段第二句提到BandwidthisthelimitingfactorfortransmittingcomplexmedicalimagesaroundtheworldCTscansbeingoneofthebiggestbandwidthconsumers.(帶寬是在世界各地傳輸復(fù)雜醫(yī)學(xué)圖像的限制因素,CT掃描是最大的帶寬消耗之一),這里只是提到了帶寬限制了傳輸復(fù)雜醫(yī)學(xué)圖像,沒有提到傳輸復(fù)雜醫(yī)學(xué)圖是遠程醫(yī)療的基礎(chǔ),所以不選。故該題選D。

47.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】主旨大意題。題干意思是“thecryaskingwhethertherewasadoctorinthehousecouldwellbeathingofthepast這句話的意思是……”。根據(jù)題干定位到文章第二段AgroupfromtheUniversityofKentuckyhasshownthatbyusinganoff-the-shelfPDA(personaldataassistance)suchasaPalmPilotplusamobilephone,itisperfectlyfeasibletotransmitapatient’svitalsignsoverthetelephone.Withthiskindofequipmentinafirst-aidkit,thecryaskingwhethertherewasadoctorinthehousecouldwellbeathingofthepast.(肯塔基大學(xué)的一個研究小組已經(jīng)證明,通過使用現(xiàn)成的PDA(個人數(shù)據(jù)輔助設(shè)備),如掌上電腦和移動電話,通過電話傳輸病人的生命體征是完全可行的。由于急救箱里有這樣的設(shè)備,家里是否有醫(yī)生的要求可能已經(jīng)成為過去。),由此可知,隨著遠程醫(yī)藥的應(yīng)用,醫(yī)生和病人不需要在同一個地方才能進行醫(yī)學(xué)救治,因此要求醫(yī)生在現(xiàn)場已經(jīng)成為了過去式;我們這里的cry表示“需求,要求”。A項“現(xiàn)在人們可能不會問家里有沒有醫(yī)生”符合題意;B項“病人常??拗鴨柤依镉袥]有醫(yī)生”和C項“在過去,人們經(jīng)??拗鴨柤依镉袥]有醫(yī)生”中,cry理解錯誤;D項“病人現(xiàn)在還在問房子里是否有醫(yī)生”,原文已經(jīng)提到要求醫(yī)生在場是過去式了,所以該項錯誤。故該題選A。

48.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】細節(jié)事實題。題干意思是“下面所有的陳述都是正確的,除了……”。A項“現(xiàn)在通過電話傳送病人的生命體征是可行的”,文中第二段第三句提到itisperfectlyfeasibletotransmitapatient’svitalsignsoverthetelephone(通過電話傳輸病人的生命體征是完全可行的),因此A項正確。B項“洪水不在文中提到的災(zāi)難之列”,第四段第三句提到Communicationssatellitesmaybeabletocopewiththeshort-termneedsduringdisasterssuchasearthquakes,warsorfamines.(通信衛(wèi)星可能能夠應(yīng)付諸如地震、戰(zhàn)爭或饑荒等災(zāi)害期間的短期需求),由此可知,文中只是提及了震后,戰(zhàn)爭和災(zāi)荒的應(yīng)急,確實沒有發(fā)洪水,因此B項正確。C項“應(yīng)用遠程醫(yī)療的趨勢是提供醫(yī)療數(shù)據(jù)的全球訪問”,第三段最后一句提到Overall,thetrendistowardsprovidingglobalaccesstomedicaldataandexpertise.(總的來說,趨勢是向全球提供醫(yī)療數(shù)據(jù)和專業(yè)知識),由此可知C項也正確。D項“許多醫(yī)療小組正在使用遠程醫(yī)療作為災(zāi)害應(yīng)對的一種工具”,根據(jù)第三段第二句Andatleastoneteamwantstousetelemedicineasatoolfordisasterresponse—especiallyafterearthquakes.(至少有一個團隊希望將遠程醫(yī)療作為一種災(zāi)難應(yīng)對工具——尤其是在地震之后)可知,文中只是說有醫(yī)學(xué)小組在嘗試這一舉動,而非成熟到可以被應(yīng)用,所以該項錯誤。故該題選D。

49.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】細節(jié)事實題。題干意思是“第四段中的‘problem’指的是一個……事實”。根據(jù)題干定位到第四段前兩句Butthereisoneproblem.BandwidthisthelimitingfactorfortransmittingcomplexmedicalimagesaroundtheworldCTscansbeingoneofthebiggestbandwidthconsumers.(但有一個問題。帶寬是在世界各地傳輸復(fù)雜醫(yī)學(xué)圖像的限制因素,CT掃描是最大的帶寬消耗之一),由此可知這個問題指的是帶寬限制了傳輸復(fù)雜醫(yī)學(xué)圖像;所以C項“帶寬不足以在全世界傳輸復(fù)雜的醫(yī)學(xué)圖像”符合題意;A項“沒有足夠的移動電話來分發(fā)醫(yī)療情報”沒有提到;B項“CT掃描是最大的帶寬消耗之一”,這只是帶寬的限制性因素之一,不夠全面,所以B項不選;D項“通信衛(wèi)星只能應(yīng)付災(zāi)害期間的短期需求”,這只是講述現(xiàn)在的實際情況,而不是問題,所以該項不選。故該題選C。

50.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】主旨大意題。題干意思是“這篇文章恰當(dāng)?shù)臉?biāo)題會是……”。全文講述的主要是遠程醫(yī)療將取代過去醫(yī)生和病人必須同時在場的方式成為新的保健醫(yī)療的方式,并介紹了遠程醫(yī)療的具體應(yīng)用和前景;因此C項“遠程醫(yī)療的應(yīng)用”符合題意。A項“改善通信”,這只是遠程醫(yī)療應(yīng)用的一部分;所以不選;B項“在線醫(yī)生”,文章不是討論在線醫(yī)生,所以不選;D項“如何遠程診斷”,這也只是遠程醫(yī)療應(yīng)用的一部分,比較片面,故不選。因此,該題選C。

9.單選題

AmongthespeciesofseabirdsthatusethewindsweptcliffsoftheAtlanticcoastofCanadainthesummertomate,layeggs,andreartheiryoungarecommonmurres,Atlanticpuffins,black-leggedkittiwakes,andnortherngannets.Ofallthebirdsonthesecliffs,theblack-leggedkittiwakegullisthebestsuitedfornestingonnarrowledges.Althoughitsnestinghabitsaresimilartothoseofgullsthatnestonflatground,thereareanumberofimportantdifferencesrelatedtothecliff-nestinghabit,

Theadvantageofnestingoncliffsistheimmunityitgivesfromfoxes,whichcannotscalethesheerrocks,andfromravensandotherspeciesofgulls,whichhavedifficultyinlandingonnarrowledgestostealeggs.Thisimmunityhasbeenfollowedbyarelaxationofthedefenses,andkittiwakesdonotreacttopredatorsnearlyasfiercelyasdoground-nestinggulls.AcolonyofBonaparte'sgullsrespondstotheappearanceofapredatoryherringgullbyflyingupasagroupwithaclamorofalarmcalls,followedbyconcertedmobbing,butkittiwakessimplyignoreherringgulfs,sincetheyposelittlethreattonestsoncliffs.Neitherdokittiwakesattempttoconcealtheirnest.Mostgullskeepthenestareaclearofdroppings,andremoveemptyeggshellsafterthechickshavehatched,sothatthelocationofthenestisnotgivenaway.Kittiwakesdefecateovertheedgeofthenest,whichkeepsitclean,butthispractice,aswellastheirtendencytoleavethenestlitteredwitheggshells,makesitslocationveryconspicuous.

Ontheotherhand,nestingonanarrowledgehasitsownpeculiarproblems,andkittiwakebehaviorhasbecomeadaptedtoovercomethem.Thefemalekittiwakesitswhenmating,whereasothergullsstand,sothepairwillnotoverbalanceandfallofftheledge.Thenestisadeepcup,madeofmudorseaweed,toholdtheeggssafely,comparedwiththeshallowscrapeofothergulls,andthechicksareremarkablyimmobileuntilfullygrown.Theydonotrunfromtheirnestswhenapproached,andiftheyshouldcomeneartothecliffedge,theyinstinctivelyturnback.

1.Whataspectofthekittiwakegulldoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

2.Theword“immunity”inparagraph2isclosestinmeaningto().

3.Whyisitdifficultforravenstostealthekittiwakes'eggs?

4.Theauthormentionsthateggshellslitterthenestsofkittiwakesinorderto().

5.Accordingtothepassage,itcanbeinferredthatwhichofthefollowingbirdsconcealtheirnest?

問題1選項

A.Itsdefensivebehavior

B.Itinteractionswithothergullspecies

C.Itsnestinghabits

D.Itsphysicaldifferencefromothergullspecies

問題2選項

A.distance

B.transition

C.protection

D.reminder

問題3選項

A.Thekittiwakescanseetheravensapproachingthenest.

B.Theravenscannotlandonthenarrowledgeswherekittiwakesnest.

C.Thekittiwakes'eggsaretoobigfortheravenstocarry.

D.Thefemalekittiwakesrarelyleavethenest.

問題4選項

A.demonstratethatkittiwakesarenotconcernedaboutpredators

B.provehowbusykittiwakesareincaringfortheiroffspring

C.showasimilaritytoothertypesofgulls

D.illustratekittiwakes’lackofconcernfortheirchick

問題5選項

A.Bonaparte’sgulls

B.Atlanticpuffins

C.Kittiwakegulls

D.Northerngannets

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】1.主旨大意題。分析文章內(nèi)容可知,第一段主要講不同于其它海鷗,三趾鷗習(xí)慣在峭壁上筑巢;第二段講三趾鷗在峭壁上筑巢的優(yōu)勢;最后一段講了三趾鷗如何適應(yīng)在峭壁上筑巢。由此可知,本文敘述的主要內(nèi)容是三趾鷗的筑巢習(xí)慣。因此,本題正確答案為C項。

詞匯題。

2.由原文第二段Theadvantageofnestingoncliffsistheimmunityitgivesfromfoxes,whichcannotscalethesheerrocks,andfromravensandotherspeciesofgulls,whichhavedifficultyinlandingonnarrowledgestostealegg可知,三趾鷗在在懸崖上筑巢的一大好處就是更安全,可以躲避無法攀登峭壁的狐貍和那些難以在陡峭巖石上立足的烏鴉和其他鷗類,防止鳥卵被偷走。因此,本題的正確答案為C項。

3.細節(jié)事實題。由原文第二段Theadvantageofnestingoncliffsistheimmunityitgivesfromfoxes,whichcannotscalethesheerrocks,andfromravensandotherspeciesofgulls,whichhavedifficultyinlandingonnarrowledgestostealeggs.可知,烏鴉無法偷走三趾鷗鳥卵的原因是它們難以在三趾鷗的巢邊落腳。因此,本題正確答案為B選項。

4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)原文第二段Kittiwakesdefecateovertheedgeofthenest,whichkeepsitclean,butthispractice,aswellastheirtendencytoleavethenestlitteredwitheggshells,makesitslocationveryconspicuous可知,三趾鷗會在巢邊排便,以保持巢內(nèi)干凈,但這種做法以及它們傾向于在鳥窩里亂丟蛋殼的行為,使得它們巢的位置非常顯眼。這里的描述是為和大多數(shù)海鷗作對比,說明三趾鷗也不會試著去隱藏它們的巢(Neitherdokittiwakesattempttoconcealtheirnest)。根據(jù)上下文可知三趾鷗之所以這樣做是因為它們在峭壁上筑巢比在地面上筑巢更有優(yōu)勢,無需在意捕獵者,因此本題正確答案為A項。

5.推理判斷題。原文第二段中指出,三趾鷗對捕食者的反應(yīng)不像在地面筑巢的海鷗那么強烈。接著舉出了Bonaparte’sgulls的例子,說明Bonaparte’sgulls和三趾鷗的筑巢習(xí)慣不同。大多數(shù)的海鷗在平地上筑巢,所以它們在雛鳥出生后會把蛋殼拿走,盡量不暴露鳥巢的位置。因此,可推測Bonaparte’sgulls也是這樣的習(xí)慣,所以才會暴露自己的位置。由此可知,本題正確答案為A項。

10.單選題

Thevitaminsareneededfor(

)foodsintoenergyandbodymaintenance.

問題1選項

A.shifting

B.transferring

C.altering

D.transforming

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞辨析。shift意為“轉(zhuǎn)移,挪動”,指位置的改變,切換;transfer意為“轉(zhuǎn)移,調(diào)動”,指的是轉(zhuǎn)換工作、學(xué)習(xí)、搬遷等外在的改變,而物體自身并沒有變;alter意為“改變,更改”,指替換(用一個替換另一個);transform意為“改變”,指形狀、外形的改變,物體本身自己形態(tài)的改變。

句意:維生素是將食物轉(zhuǎn)化為能量和維持身體所必需的。

11.單選題

Somepeoplethinkthata(

)translation,orword-for-wordtranslation,iseasierthanafreetranslation.

問題1選項

A.liberal

B.literary

C.literal

D.linear

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。liberal意為“自由的”;literary意為“文學(xué)的”;literal意為“文字上的,字面的”;linear意為“直線的,線形的”。由句中的than可知是與afreetranslation(意譯)相比較,翻譯一般分為意譯與直意,因此選C。

句意:有些人認為直譯,或者說逐字逐句的翻譯,比意譯容易。

12.單選題

Flood,()andfaminearenaturaldisastersoftenfacingthepeopleinthepeninsula.

問題1選項

A.war

B.sanction

C.overpopulation

D.drought

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項war“戰(zhàn)爭,斗爭,軍事,競爭”;B選項sanction“制裁,處罰,認可,支持”;C選項overpopulation“人口過剩”;D選項drought“干旱,久旱”。句意:洪水、()和饑荒是半島人民經(jīng)常面臨的自然災(zāi)害。題干中主要談?wù)搉aturaldisasters自然災(zāi)害,空格前后也都是自然因素。因此D選項正確。

13.單選題

Atnight,carsoften(

)smallanimalsthatareblindedbytheheadlights.

問題1選項

A.runover

B.heldup

C.tookapart

D.droveat

【答案】A

【解析】詞組辨析題。runover碾過;holdup舉起;takeapart拆開;driveat用意所在。

句意:晚上,汽車經(jīng)常碾過被車頭燈照懵了的小動物。選項A符合句意。

14.單選題

(),itisquiteeasytodrillaholeonitwithlaser.

問題1選項

A.Asthediamondishard

B.Howhardisthediamond

C.Hardasthediamondis

D.Hardalthoughthediamondis

【答案】C

【解析】考查倒裝用法。由前后兩句的關(guān)系可知,前一個分句為讓步狀語,由此知B項與D項不正確;再由as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時,后面做表語的名詞或形容詞要放在as前來形成倒裝,故C項正確。句意:鉆石雖硬,但是用激光很容易鉆一個洞。

15.單選題

The____oftestsintheUnitedStatesinstitutionscanbeanewandfrighteningexperienceformanyforeignstudents.

問題1選項

A.presence

B.frequency

C.efficiency

D.confidence

【答案】A

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.presence存在;出席B.frequency發(fā)生率;出現(xiàn)率

C.efficiency效率;效能D.confidence信心;信任

【答案】A

【考查點】名詞辨析。

【解題思路】句意:對許多外國學(xué)生來說,美國教育機構(gòu)考試的……可能是一種新的可怕的經(jīng)歷。根據(jù)句意,應(yīng)該是這些考試的存在讓外國學(xué)生感到害怕。因此選A。

【干擾項排除】B、C、D選項均不符合句意。

【句意】對許多外國學(xué)生來說,在美國院校進行考試可能是一種新的、令人恐懼的經(jīng)歷。

16.單選題

Itwas(

)wehadhoped.

問題1選項

A.moreasuccessthan

B.asuccessmorethan

C.muchofasuccessas

D.asuccessasmuchas

【答案】B

【解析】固定搭配。根據(jù)固定搭配morethan“超過……”,可排除選項C和D。又因為wehadhoped是一個完整的句子,所以用morethan+句子,表示“超過……”。句意:這是一次超過預(yù)期的成功。因此選項B符合題意。

17.填空題

WhenIwasinprimaryschool,(1)teacherwasfemale(thisincluded

(2)theoneswhocoachedourfootball),butstartinginmyseventhyearofschoolIhadoccasional(3)instructorstoo.

【答案】1.every

2.even

3.male

【解析】1.語義題。Every每一個。

2.邏輯銜接。此句表示讓步,因此用even。

3.語義題。Male男性的。

18.單選題

Anoldsongsaysthat“l(fā)ovemakestheworldgoaround.”Ifyou(1)AmericansonValentine'sDay,youcanbelieveit.Thewholecountry(2)outwithlittleredhearts.Love(3)peoplegivecards,flowers,andcandytotheirsweethearts.

Youmightcallita(n)(4)celebrationoflove.TheAmerican(5)oflovebeginswithdating.Youngpeopledateinseveralways.Atfirsttheymighthave(6)dateswithseveralboysandgirlstogether.Later,theystartgoingon(7)dates—justoneboyandonegirl.Whentwocouplesgoouttogether,wecallit(8)dating.Afriendmighteven(9)ablinddateforyouwithsomeoneyoudon'tknow.Thatdoesn'tmeanyoukeepyour(10)closedthewholeevening!Youjustdon'tknowwhoyourpartnerwillbe(11)thetimeforthedate.Americansviewdating(12)frompeopleinothercultures.Americanyoungpeople

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