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書山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-寧波財(cái)經(jīng)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買!第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

In______times,humanbeingsdidnottravelforpleasure,buttofindamorefavorableclimate.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.prime

B.primary

C.primitive

D.preliminary

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項(xiàng)prime“主要的,最好的”,B項(xiàng)primary“初級(jí)的,基本的”,C項(xiàng)primitive“原始的,遠(yuǎn)古的,簡(jiǎn)單的”,D項(xiàng)preliminary“初步的,開始的,預(yù)備的”。由后面的句意“人類旅行不是為了娛樂,而是為了尋找一個(gè)更適宜的氣候”可知,In______times表示“原始時(shí)代”符合語(yǔ)境。句意:在原始時(shí)代,人類旅行不是為了娛樂,而是為了尋找一個(gè)更適宜的氣候。因此,該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

2.單選題

Auctionsarepublicsalesofgoods,conductedbyanofficiallyapprovedauctioneer.Heasksthecrowdassembledintheauction-roomtomakeoffers,or“bids”,forthevariousitemsonsale.Heencouragesbuyerstobidhigherfiguresandfinallynamesthehighestbidderasthebuyerofthegoods.Thisiscalled“knockingdown”thegoods,forthebiddingendswhentheauctioneerbangsasmallhammeronatableatwhichhestands.Thisisoftensetonaraisedplatformcalledarostrum.

TheancientRomansprobablyinventedsalesbyauction,andtheEnglishwordcomesfromtheLatinaudio,meaning“increase”.TheRomansusuallysoldinthiswaythespoilstakeninwar;thesesaleswerecalledsubhasta,meaning“underthespear”,aspearbeingstuckinthegroundasasignalforacrowdtogather.InEnglandintheeighteenthandnineteenthcenturies,goodswereoftensold“bythecandle”:ashortcandlewaslitbytheauctioneer,andbidscouldbemadewhileitstayedalight.

Practicallyallgoodswhosequalitiesvaryaresoldbyauction.Amongthesearecoffee,hides,skins,wool,tea,cocoa,furs,spices,fruitandvegetablesandwines.Auctionsalesarealsousualforlandandproperty,antiquefurniture,pictures,rarebooks,oldchinaandsimilarworksofart.Theauction-roomsatChristie’sandSotheby’sinLondonandNewYorkareworld-famous.

Anauctionisusuallyadvertisedbeforehandwithfullparticularsofthearticlestobesoldandwhereandwhentheycanbeviewedbyprospectivebuyers.Iftheadvertisementcannotgivefulldetails,cataloguesareprinted,andeachgroupofgoodstobesoldtogether,calleda“l(fā)ot”,isusuallygivenanumber.TheauctioneerneednotbeginwithLot1andcontinueinnumericalorder;hemaywaituntilheregistersthefactthatcertaindealersareintheroomandthenproducethelotstheyarelikelytobeinterestedin.Theauctioneer’sservicesarepaidforintheformofapercentageofthepricethegoodsaresoldfor.Theauctioneerthereforehasadirectinterestinpushingupthebiddingashighaspossible.

1.Whyistheendofthebiddingcalled“knockingdown”?

2.TheRomansusedtosellbyauction().

3.Acandleusedtoburnatauctionsales().

4.Theauctioneermaydecidetosellthe“l(fā)ots”outoftheorderbecause().

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Becausetheauctioneerknocksthebuyerdown.

B.Becausetheauctioneerknockstherostrumdown.

C.Becausethegoodsareknockeddownontothetable.

D.Becausetheauctioneerbangsthetablewithahammer.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.spoiltgoods

B.oldworn-outweapons

C.propertytakenfromtheenemy

D.spears

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.becausetheytookplaceatnight

B.asasignalforthecrowdtogather

C.tokeeptheauctioneerwarm

D.tolimitthetimewhenofferscouldbemade

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.hesometimeswantstoconfusethebuyers

B.heknowsfromexperiencethatcertainpeoplewillwanttobuycertainitems

C.hewantstokeepcertainpeoplewaiting

D.hewantstoreducethenumberofbuyers

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:B

【解析】第1題:1.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

1.Whyistheendofthebiddingcalled“knockingdown”?1.為什么拍賣結(jié)束被稱為“knockingdown”?

A.Becausetheauctioneerknocksthebuyerdown.A.因?yàn)榕馁u師會(huì)把買家擊倒。

B.Becausetheauctioneerknockstherostrumdown.B.因?yàn)榕馁u人會(huì)把桌子砸倒。

C.Becausethegoodsareknockeddownontothetable.C.因?yàn)樨浳锉蛔驳阶雷由狭恕?/p>

D.Becausetheauctioneerbangsthetablewithahammer.D.因?yàn)榕馁u人用錘子敲桌子。

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞knockingdown定位至第一段倒數(shù)第二句“這就是所謂的‘knockingdown’商品,因?yàn)楫?dāng)拍賣師用小錘子敲打他面前的桌子時(shí),競(jìng)價(jià)就結(jié)束了”,可知,拍賣結(jié)束被稱為knockingdown是因?yàn)榕馁u結(jié)束時(shí)拍賣師會(huì)用小錘子敲打他面前的桌子,D項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A項(xiàng)“因?yàn)榕馁u師會(huì)把買家擊倒”、B項(xiàng)“因?yàn)榕馁u人會(huì)把桌子砸倒”和C項(xiàng)“因?yàn)樨浳锉蛔驳阶雷由狭恕备鶕?jù)解題思路可知,這三項(xiàng)屬于曲解原文。

第2題:2.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

2.TheRomansusedtosellbyauction______.2.羅馬人過去通過拍賣來(lái)出售______。

A.spoiltgoodsA.損壞的貨物

B.oldworn-outweaponsB.老舊武器

C.propertytakenfromtheenemyC.從敵人手中奪取的戰(zhàn)利品

D.spearsD.矛

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第二段第二句“羅馬人通常以這種方式出售他們?cè)趹?zhàn)爭(zhēng)中獲得的戰(zhàn)利品(thespoilstakeninwar)”,可知,羅馬人過去通過拍賣來(lái)出售戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中獲得的戰(zhàn)利品,C項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“損壞的貨物”和B項(xiàng)“老舊武器”原文沒有提及,無(wú)中生有;

D項(xiàng)“矛”是人群聚集的信號(hào),不是拍賣的物品,屬于張冠李戴。

第3題:3.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

3.Acandleusedtoburnatauctionsales______.3.在拍賣會(huì)上,人們點(diǎn)著蠟燭,______。

A.becausetheytookplaceatnightA.因?yàn)榕馁u是在晚上進(jìn)行的

B.asasignalforthecrowdtogatherB.作為群眾聚集的信號(hào)

C.tokeeptheauctioneerwarmC.為了給拍賣師保暖

D.tolimitthetimewhenofferscouldbemadeD.限制提出報(bào)價(jià)的時(shí)間

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干定位至第二段最后一句“在18世紀(jì)和19世紀(jì)的英國(guó),商品通常是‘通過蠟燭’出售的:拍賣師點(diǎn)燃一支短蠟燭,然后在蠟燭點(diǎn)著的時(shí)候出價(jià)”,可知,在拍賣會(huì)中人們點(diǎn)上蠟燭,然后在它燃著的時(shí)候出價(jià),也就是說,蠟燭熄滅,報(bào)價(jià)就停止了。說明蠟燭是用來(lái)限制報(bào)價(jià)的時(shí)間的。D項(xiàng)符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“因?yàn)榕馁u是在晚上進(jìn)行的”和C項(xiàng)“為了給拍賣師保暖”在文中沒有提及,屬于無(wú)中生有;

B項(xiàng)“作為群眾聚集的信號(hào)”,根據(jù)第二段第二句“……一根矛被插在地上,作為人群聚集的信號(hào)”可知,矛才是群眾聚集的信號(hào),該項(xiàng)張冠李戴。

第4題:4.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

4.Theauctioneermaydecidetosellthe“l(fā)ots”outoftheorderbecause______.4.拍賣人可能會(huì)決定出售這些“拍品”,因?yàn)開_____。

A.hesometimeswantstoconfusethebuyersA.他有時(shí)想迷惑買家

B.heknowsfromexperiencethatcertainpeoplewillwanttobuycertainitemsB.根據(jù)他的經(jīng)驗(yàn),他知道某些人會(huì)想買某些東西

C.hewantstokeepcertainpeoplewaitingC.他想讓某些人久等

D.hewantstoreducethenumberofbuyersD.他想減少買家的數(shù)量

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】第一段第三句提到“拍賣人不需要從第一件拍品開始,然后按數(shù)字順序繼續(xù);他可能會(huì)一直等著直到他登記的某些經(jīng)銷商到達(dá)房間之后,才會(huì)出示他們可能感興趣的物品”,這也就是說,拍賣人拍賣物品是根據(jù)經(jīng)銷商對(duì)物品的感興趣程度來(lái)的,B項(xiàng)“根據(jù)他的經(jīng)驗(yàn),他知道某些人會(huì)想買某些東西”符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A項(xiàng)“他有時(shí)想迷惑買家”、C項(xiàng)“他想讓某些人久等”和D項(xiàng)“他想減少買家的數(shù)量”在原文沒有依據(jù),屬于無(wú)中生有。

3.單選題

IntheNavajohousehold,grandparentsandotherrelativesplayindispensablerolesinraisingchildren.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.dominant

B.exemplary

C.essential

D.demanding

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。indispensable表示“不可缺少的”;A項(xiàng)dominant“占優(yōu)勢(shì)的,支配的”,B項(xiàng)exemplary“典范的,懲戒性”,C項(xiàng)essential“必要的”,D項(xiàng)demanding“要求高的,苛求的”。句意:在納瓦霍家庭中,祖父母和其他親戚在撫養(yǎng)孩子方面扮演著不可或缺的角色。根據(jù)句意可知,該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

InGreatBritaintodaygoodmannersattableincludeeatingwiththemouthclosed;notlettinganyofthefoodfallofftheplate:usingtheknifeonlyforcutting;andnottryingtotakefoodacrossthetable.Inotherpartsoftheworldtherearealsorulesforpeopletofollowwhentheyareeating,buttheyarenotthesameasthoseofBritain.Indeed,whatareconsideredgoodtablemannersinsomeothercountriesarewhatBritishpeopletryhardesttoavoid.InArabia,forinstance,thepeopleatafeasttakepiecesoffoodwiththeirfingersandbelchloudlytoshowthattheyhaveappreciatedit.

ThericherandmoreeducatedpeopleintheEasthave,however,toagreatextenttakenupthetablemannersandcustomsofWesternpeople.Tablesandchairshavereplacedthecushionsofthepast,andtheladyofthehousepresidesatoneendofthetableinthesamewaythatWesternwomendo.ManyJapanese,however,stillfeelitwouldbewrongtoeatunlesstheyweresittingonacushionbeforealowtablewithatrayoffoodonit.InmanypartsoftheworldbothtraditionalandWesternstylesofeatingexistsidebyside.

IntheWesttherearedifferencesbetweentablemannersinvariouscountries,althoughtheyarenotsomarked.InNorthAmericaitispolitetocutupmeatandthenputtheknifedown,taketheforkintherighthandandeatwithit.MostEuropeanpeople,liketheBritish,keeptheforkinthelefthandandtheknifeintherightallthetimewhentheyareeatingfoodthathastobecut.IntheBritishIslesandScandinavia(Norway,Sweden,DenmarkandIceland)specialknivesandforksareusedforeatingfish.InFrance,BelgiumandItaly,however,itiscorrecttokeepthesame,knifeforeverycourse,wipingitonapieceofbread.

Drinkingcustomsattablealsovaryindifferentcountries.InEurope,water,wineorbeerisdrunkwithmeatsandcoffeeorteaistakenafterwards.InNorthAmericaabeveragesuchascoffee,teaormilkisdrunkwithmeals.

Tablemannersofcoursehavechangedwithtime.Theearliestmealswerealsothesimplest.Theywereeatensittingonthegroundroundafire,andeveryonetookhisfoodfromapotonthefireorcutbitsfromtheanimalorbirdthathadbeencooked.Thewomenwaitedonthewarriorsandafterwardsatewhattheyleft.

Fingerswereusedtocutfoodthroughoutthemiddleages.Foodwaseatenoffwoodendisheswiththenoblemensittingabovethesalt.Theordinarypeoplesatbelowthesalt.InthereignofHenryVII(1509?1547),peoplewerestilleatingwiththeirhandsaftercuttingthefoodwithaclaspknifewhichwasalwayscachedatthebelt.ForkswerenotusedinEnglanduntilthe17thcentury.

1.Whatconclusioncanyoudrawfromthepassage?

2.TheBritishpeople().

3.Howtouseaknifewhileeatingis().

4."Sittingabovethesalt"isthelastparagraphprobablymeans().

5.Fromthepassage,weknowthattablemanners().

6.Accordingtothepassage,weknowthatthewealthierandwell-educatedpeopleintheeast().

7.Inparagraph3,line1theword"they"refersto().

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.SomeslightdifferencebetweentablemannersdonotexisttheWest.

B.ForkswerebedinEnglandbeforethe17thcentury.

C.Tablemannersandcustomsaredifferentfromcountrytocountry

D.SittingonacushionbeforeatableiscommonintheEast.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.considerbelchingloudlyanimpolitetablemanner

B.appreciatethetablemannersinmanyotherpartsoftheworld

C.usedforksmorethanthousandyearsago

D.takefoodfromthetable

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.astandardofgoodtablemanners

B.neverusedinNorthAmerica

C.differentamongWesterncountries

D.notaprobleminBritain

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.sittingonasaltcellar

B.sittingabovethesaltcellarwithlegsapart

C.beingthemostdistinguishedguest

D.saltusedtobeseatsinBritain

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.changeverylittlethroughtheages

B.changewithtime.

C.areactuallythesameamongthecountries

D.areextremelyimportant

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.paymoreattentiontotablemanners

B.strictlysticktotheirtraditionaltablemanners

C.adoptWesterntablemanners

D.havetheirowntablemanners

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.differences

B.tablemanners

C.variouscountries

D.Westernpeople

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:B

第6題:C

第7題:A

【解析】1.結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知,本文主要講的是各國(guó)之間不同的餐桌禮儀和風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣,選項(xiàng)C最能概括全文。

2.根據(jù)第一段最后兩句可知,在其他一些國(guó)家被認(rèn)為是好的餐桌禮儀卻是英國(guó)人竭力避免的,比如,在阿拉伯人們?cè)谘鐣?huì)上用手指拿起食物,并大聲打嗝,以示感謝。由此可知,英國(guó)人認(rèn)為大聲打嗝是一種不禮貌的餐桌禮儀,選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

3.根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容可知,不同的國(guó)家有不同的餐桌禮儀。接下來(lái)作者分別列舉了北美,英國(guó)以及歐洲其他國(guó)家使用刀叉的不同習(xí)俗,所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

4.根據(jù)原文noblemen和ordinarypeople相對(duì)應(yīng),sittingabovethesalt和satbelowthesalt相對(duì)應(yīng),說明地位高的人和地位低的人被區(qū)別對(duì)待。sittingabovethesalt指坐上席,所有選項(xiàng)C正確。

5.根據(jù)第五段第一句“Tablemannersofcoursehavechangedwithtime.”餐桌禮儀隨著時(shí)間的推移而改變。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

6.根據(jù)第二段第一句“ThericherandmoreeducatedpeopleintheEasthave,however,toagreatextenttakenupthetablemannersandcustomsofWesternpeople.”可知,選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

7.根據(jù)原文句意:在西方,不同的國(guó)家有不同的餐桌禮儀,雖然沒有那么明顯。這里的“they”指代的是“differences”,說明差異不明顯,所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

5.單選題

5.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Theblouseisabargain.

B.Theblouseistooexpensive.

C.Theblouseiscolorful.

D.Theblouseissofashionable.

【答案】B

【解析】W:Theblousecostmelike8000yuan.

M:That'ssucharipoff.

W:Ireallylikeit,thecolor,thedesign.

M:Fashionreallykillswomen.

Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?

【解析】推斷題。男士說:Fashionreallykillswomen,由此推測(cè)他認(rèn)為這件上衣貴了。

6.單選題

()tofindstarsinpairs.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Itisverycommon

B.Beingverycommon

C.Verycommonis

D.Thatisverycommon

【答案】A

【解析】考查形式主語(yǔ)。it+be+形容詞、名詞或者過去分詞+todosth.,在此句型內(nèi)it作為形式主語(yǔ)指代todosth.的內(nèi)容,避免出現(xiàn)句子頭重腳輕的情況。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

7.單選題

Menoftenwaitlongertogethelpformedicalproblemsthanwomen,and(

),womenliveaboutsixyearslongerthanmenonanaverage.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.insteadof

B.constantly

C.consequently

D.because

【答案】C

【解析】根據(jù)句意可知,前后構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系,前面是因,后面是由此產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果,所以選項(xiàng)C符合語(yǔ)境。

8.單選題

Iwishtochangemymajorinpostgraduatestudy,becauseIknowthecompetitioninthecomputerdepartmentofTsinghuais(

).

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.fragrant

B.formidable

C.fierce

D.flexible

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。fragrant“芳香的,愉悅的”;formidable“強(qiáng)大的,可怕的”;fierce“兇猛的”;flexible“靈活的”。句意:我希望在研究生學(xué)習(xí)期間換個(gè)專業(yè),因?yàn)槲抑狼迦A大學(xué)計(jì)算機(jī)學(xué)院的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)太激烈。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

9.單選題

Oneoftheimportantcorollariestotheinvestigativepoweristhepowertopublicizeinvestigationsand[A]theirresults.Mostcommitteehearingsare[B]opentopublicandarereportedwidelyinthemassmedia.Congressionalinvestigations[C]thusrepresentoneimportanttoolavailabletolawmakerstoinformthecitizenryandtoarousepublicinterest[D]innationalissues.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.their

B.opentopublic

C.thusrepresent

D.in

【答案】B

【解析】考查冠詞。public表示“公眾”時(shí),前面應(yīng)加定冠詞,因此B選項(xiàng)opentopublic應(yīng)該為opentothepublic。

10.單選題

Itisnecessarythathe(

)theassignmentwithoutdelay.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.handin

B.handsin

C.musthandin

D.hastohandin

【答案】A

【解析】考察itisnecessary+that…固定句型的用法。固定句型:Itisnecessary+that(should)be+其他成分,選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

11.單選題

ThereareseveralpossibleexplanationsforthegreatjobstabilityinSouthKoreathegreatmobilityintheUnitedStates.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.contraryto

B.inregardto

C.incontrastto

D.withrespectto

【答案】C

【解析】短語(yǔ)搭配題。A選項(xiàng)contraryto與…相反,違反;B選項(xiàng)inregardto關(guān)于;C選項(xiàng)incontrastto與……形成對(duì)比;D選項(xiàng)withrespectto關(guān)于,至于。句意:與美國(guó)巨大的流動(dòng)性相比,朝鮮在好工作上的穩(wěn)定性有幾種可能的解釋。根據(jù)句意和搭配,正確答案為C項(xiàng)。

12.單選題

Thesecretarydidn’tknowwhohewas,orshe()himmorepolitely.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.willbetreating

B.wouldhavetreated

C.wastreating

D.wouldhavebeentreated

【答案】B

【解析】句子是對(duì)過去發(fā)生的事進(jìn)行推測(cè),所以應(yīng)該用虛擬語(yǔ)氣,首先排除選項(xiàng)A和C;根據(jù)句意可知,主語(yǔ)是she,是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者,所以為主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),選項(xiàng)B正確。

13.單選題

WoodrowWilson()topreserveworldpeacebysupportingtheestablishmentofanorganizationtosettleinternationaldisputes.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.endeavoured

B.incited

C.granted

D.offered

【答案】A

【解析】endeavour竭力,盡力,企圖;incite促使,激勵(lì);grant授予,同意;offer提供。句意:WoodrowWilson通過支持成立一個(gè)解決國(guó)際爭(zhēng)端的組織,努力維護(hù)世界和平。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

14.單選題

Thereisaboystudentdownstairs(

).

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.wantstoseeyou

B.whomwantstoseeyou

C.whichwantstoseeyou

D.hewantstoseeyou

【答案】A

【解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞為boystudent,表示人,一般用that或who,故排除B、C兩項(xiàng)。當(dāng)therebe開頭的句子,其主語(yǔ)的定語(yǔ)從句??墒÷躁P(guān)系代詞。句意:樓下有一個(gè)男學(xué)生想見你。故A項(xiàng)正確。

15.單選題

Theauthorofthereportiswell(

)withtheproblemsinthehospitalbecausehehasbeenworkingthereformanyyears.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.acquainted

B.informed

C.enlightened

D.advised

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。acquaint“使熟悉;使認(rèn)識(shí)”,常與with連用;inform“通知,報(bào)告”,常用搭配beinformedof;enlighten“啟蒙、教導(dǎo)”;advise“建議,勸告”。句意:這篇報(bào)道的作者非常了解醫(yī)院的問題,因?yàn)樗谶@家醫(yī)院已經(jīng)工作很多年了。A項(xiàng)符合題意,答案A

16.單選題

TheNorthVietnameseweretenacious,andinJanuary1968theylaunchedamassiveattackknownastheTetOffensive,whichseverelydamagedU.S.forces.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.collective

B.hostile

C.aggressive

D.persistent

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.collective集體的,共有的B.hostile敵意的,敵對(duì)的

C.aggressive好斗的,挑釁的D.persistent執(zhí)著的,不屈不撓的

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】tenacious的意思為“頑強(qiáng)的,堅(jiān)忍不拔的”,用來(lái)形容theNorthVietnamese,指的是他們非常英勇,persistent與之詞義相近,因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、C選項(xiàng)詞義與之不符。

【句意】北越人很頑強(qiáng),1968年1月他們發(fā)動(dòng)了大規(guī)模進(jìn)攻,稱為春節(jié)攻勢(shì),重創(chuàng)美軍。

17.單選題

Reading()themindonlywithmaterialsofknowledge;itisthinkingthatmakeswhatwereadours.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.rectifies

B.prolongs

C.furnishes

D.qualifies

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。rectifies改正;prolongs延長(zhǎng);furnishes提供;qualifies準(zhǔn)予,取得資格。furnish…with提供…;句意:閱讀只為心靈提供知識(shí)素材,只有思考才能讓我們閱讀的內(nèi)容成為我們自己的知識(shí)。只有C項(xiàng)符合句意。

18.翻譯題

大多數(shù)中國(guó)人十分看重自己的工作,覺得工作會(huì)使自己成為團(tuán)體的一部分。他們相信,工作可以讓他們產(chǎn)生歸屬感。換言之,要得到社會(huì)的承認(rèn),就必須工作。許多中國(guó)經(jīng)理和員工努力工作,力求保住在公司的職位,原因就是這個(gè)。

【答案】

MostChinesevaluetheirjobsverymuch,andfeelthatitmakesthempartofacommunityandtheybelievethatworkgivesthemasenseofbelonging.Inotherwords,inordertoberecognizedbysociety,theyhavetowork.ThatiswhymanyChinesemanagersandemployeeshavetoworkhardandstrivetokeeptheirpositionsinthecompany.

19.單選題

Theschoolhasbeen(

)asthemeetingplacefortheeveningartclub.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.designed

B.designated

C.diverted

D.diagnosed

【答案】B

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)design“設(shè)計(jì),構(gòu)思”;B選項(xiàng)designate“指定,指派”;C選項(xiàng)divert“轉(zhuǎn)移”;D選項(xiàng)diagnose“診斷”。

句意:這所學(xué)校被指定為晚間藝術(shù)俱樂部的會(huì)址。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

20.單選題

Inthe1920sdemandforAmericanfarmproductsfell,asEuropeancountriesbegantorecoverfromWorldWarIandinstitutedausterity(緊縮)programstoreducetheirimports.Theresultwasasharpdropinfarmprices.Thisperiodwasmoredisastrousforfarmersthanearliertimeshadbeen,becausefarmerswerenolongerself-sufficient.Theywerepayingformachinery,seed,andfertilizer,andtheywerealsobuyingconsumergoods.Thepricesoftheitemsfarmersboughtremainedconstant,whilepricestheyreceivedfortheirproductsfell.ThesedevelopmentsweremadeworsebytheGreatDepression,whichbeganin1929andextendedthroughoutthe1939s.

In1929,underPresidentHerbertHoover,theFederalFarmBoardwasorganized.Itestablishedtheprincipleofdirectinterferencewithsupplyanddemand,anditrepresentedthefirstnationalcommitmenttoprovidegreatereconomicstabilityforfarmers.

PresidentHoover’ssuccessorattachedevenmoreimportancetothisproblem.OneofthefirstmeasuresproposedbyPresidentFranklinD.Rooseveltwhenhetookofficein1933wastheAgriculturalAdjustmentAct,whichwassubsequentlypassedbyCongress.ThislawgavetheSecretaryofAgriculturethepowertoreduceproductionthroughvoluntaryagreementswithfarmerswhowerepaidtotaketheirlandoutofuse.Adeliberatescarcityoffarmproductswasplannedinanefforttoraiseprices.ThislawwasdeclaredunconstitutionalbytheSupremeCourtonthegroundsthatgeneraltaxeswerebeingcollectedtopayonespecialgroupofpeople.However,newlawswerepassedimmediatelythatachievedthesameresultofrestingsoilandprovidingflood-controlmeasures,butwhichwerebasedontheprincipleofsoilconservation.TheRooseveltAdministrationbelievedthatrebuildingthenation’ssoilwasinthenationalinterestandwasnotsimplyaplantohelpfarmersattheexpenseofothercitizens.Laterthegovernmentguaranteedloanstofarmerssothattheycouldbuyfarmmachinery,hybrid(雜交)grain,andfertilizers.

1.WhatbroughtaboutthedeclineinthedemandforAmericanfarmproducts?

2.ThechiefconcernoftheAmericangovernmentintheareaofagricultureinthe1920swas____.

3.TheAgriculturalAdjustmentActencouragedAmericanfarmersto____.

4.TheSupremeCourtrejectedtheAgriculturalAdjustmentActbecauseitbelievedthattheAct____.

5.ItwasclaimedthatthenewlawspassedduringtheRooseveltAdministrationwereaimedat____.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.TheimpactoftheGreatDepression.

B.Theshrinkingofoverseasmarkets.

C.ThedestructioncausedbytheFirstWorldWar.

D.TheincreasedexportsofEuropeancountries.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.toincreasefarmproduction

B.toestablishagriculturallaws

C.topreventfarmersfromgoingbankrupt

D.topromotethemechanizationofagriculture

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.reducetheirscaleofproduction

B.makefulluseoftheirland

C.adjustthepricesoftheirfarmproducts

D.beself-sufficientinagriculturalproduction

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.mightcausegreaterscarcityoffarmproducts

B.didn’tgivetheSecretaryofAgricultureenoughpower

C.wouldbenefitneitherthegovernmentnorthefarmers

D.benefitedonegroupofcitizensattheexpenseofothers

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.reducingthecostoffarming

B.conservingsoilinthelong-terminterestofthenation

C.loweringtheburdenoffarmers

D.helpingfarmerswithoutshiftingtheburdenontoothertaxpayers

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】1.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

WhatbroughtaboutthedeclineinthedemandforAmericanfarmproducts?是什么導(dǎo)致了對(duì)美國(guó)農(nóng)產(chǎn)品需求的下降?

A.TheimpactoftheGreatDepression.A.大蕭條的影響。

B.Theshrinkingofoverseasmarkets.B.海外市場(chǎng)的萎縮。

C.ThedestructioncausedbytheFirstWorldWar.C.第一次世界大戰(zhàn)造成的破壞。

D.TheincreasedexportsofEuropeancountries.D.歐洲國(guó)家出口的增加。

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到第一段第一句“20世紀(jì)20年代,隨著歐洲國(guó)家開始從第一次世界大戰(zhàn)中恢復(fù),并開始實(shí)施緊縮計(jì)劃以減少進(jìn)口,對(duì)美國(guó)農(nóng)產(chǎn)品的需求下降。(demandforAmericanfarmproductsfell)?!庇纱丝芍?dú)W洲國(guó)家減少了進(jìn)口,可推斷海外市場(chǎng)變得萎縮。因此選B。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“大蕭條的影響?!保笫挆l使得美國(guó)對(duì)農(nóng)產(chǎn)品需求下降更嚴(yán)重,而不是導(dǎo)致美國(guó)農(nóng)產(chǎn)品需求下降的原因,該選項(xiàng)屬于本末倒置;

C選項(xiàng)“第一次世界大戰(zhàn)造成的破壞?!保闹刑岬健皻W洲國(guó)家開始從第一次世界大戰(zhàn)中恢復(fù)和制定緊縮計(jì)劃減少進(jìn)口”,是歐洲國(guó)家開始在一戰(zhàn)后進(jìn)行恢復(fù)導(dǎo)致他們進(jìn)口產(chǎn)品減少,而不是一戰(zhàn)造成的破壞使美國(guó)農(nóng)產(chǎn)品需求下降,該選項(xiàng)屬于過度推斷;

D選項(xiàng)“歐洲國(guó)家出口的增加?!?,文中提到“歐洲國(guó)家開始從第一次世界大戰(zhàn)中恢復(fù)和制定緊縮計(jì)劃減少進(jìn)口”歐洲國(guó)家減少了進(jìn)口,但是文中沒有說歐洲國(guó)家增加出口,該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有。

2.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

ThechiefconcernoftheAmericangovernmentintheareaofagricultureinthe1920swas____.20世紀(jì)20年代,美國(guó)政府在農(nóng)業(yè)領(lǐng)域最關(guān)心的是____。

A.toincreasefarmproductionA.增加農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)

B.toestablishagriculturallawsB.制定農(nóng)業(yè)法律

C.topreventfarmersfromgoingbankruptC.防止農(nóng)民破產(chǎn)

D.topromotethemechanizationofagricultureD.推進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械化

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到第二段“它確立了直接干預(yù)供求關(guān)系的原則(theprincipleofdirectinterferencewithsupplyanddemand),并代表了第一個(gè)為農(nóng)民提供更大經(jīng)濟(jì)穩(wěn)定性的國(guó)家承諾?!庇纱丝赏茢嗾扇≈苯痈深A(yù)農(nóng)業(yè)供求矛盾,原則上為農(nóng)民提供更大的經(jīng)濟(jì)穩(wěn)定性,即預(yù)防農(nóng)民破產(chǎn)。因此選C。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“增加農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)”,根據(jù)文章可知,這段時(shí)期農(nóng)產(chǎn)品需求下降,農(nóng)產(chǎn)品價(jià)格下降,因此政府不可能要增加農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn),該選項(xiàng)與原文意思相反,屬于反向干擾;

B選項(xiàng)“制定農(nóng)業(yè)法律”,政府制定法律的目的是為農(nóng)民提供更大的經(jīng)濟(jì)穩(wěn)定性的國(guó)家承諾,保護(hù)他們不破產(chǎn),該選項(xiàng)屬于本末倒置;

D選項(xiàng)“推進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械化”,文章第一段提到“這一時(shí)期對(duì)農(nóng)民來(lái)說比以前更糟糕,因?yàn)檗r(nóng)民不再自給自足。他們購(gòu)買機(jī)器、種子和肥料,也購(gòu)買消費(fèi)品。農(nóng)民購(gòu)買的產(chǎn)品價(jià)格保持不變,而他們收到的產(chǎn)品價(jià)格卻下降了?!?,也就是說他們購(gòu)買的機(jī)器價(jià)格不變但是農(nóng)產(chǎn)品價(jià)格下降,因此政府不會(huì)推行農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械化,該選項(xiàng)與原文意思相反,屬于反向干擾。

3.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

TheAgriculturalAdjustmentActencouragedAmericanfarmersto____.農(nóng)業(yè)調(diào)整法案鼓勵(lì)美國(guó)農(nóng)民____。

A.reducetheirscaleofproductionA.減少他們的生產(chǎn)規(guī)模

B.makefulluseoftheirlandB.充分利用他們的土地

C.adjustthepricesoftheirfarmproductsC.調(diào)整農(nóng)產(chǎn)品價(jià)格

D.beself-sufficientinagriculturalproductionD.農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)實(shí)現(xiàn)自給自足

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到第三段“這項(xiàng)法律賦予農(nóng)業(yè)部長(zhǎng)通過與農(nóng)民自愿達(dá)成協(xié)議來(lái)減少產(chǎn)量的權(quán)力,這些農(nóng)民收取費(fèi)用讓他們停止使用自己的土地(taketheirlandoutofuse)?!庇纱丝芍摲ò笢p少農(nóng)民的權(quán)力,讓他們停止使用自己的土地,由此可推斷該法案讓農(nóng)民減少生產(chǎn)規(guī)模。因此選A。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)“充分利用他們的土地”,文章沒有體現(xiàn),該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有;

C選項(xiàng)“調(diào)整農(nóng)產(chǎn)品價(jià)格”,文中提到“故意造成農(nóng)產(chǎn)品短缺是為了提高價(jià)格。”指的是通過農(nóng)民減少產(chǎn)量導(dǎo)致價(jià)格上升,而不是農(nóng)民自己調(diào)整農(nóng)產(chǎn)品價(jià)格,該選項(xiàng)屬于過度推斷;

D選項(xiàng)“農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)實(shí)現(xiàn)自給自足”,文章沒有體現(xiàn),該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有。

4.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

TheSupremeCourtrejectedtheAgriculturalAdjustmentActbecauseitbelievedthattheAct____.大法院駁回了農(nóng)業(yè)調(diào)整法案,因?yàn)樗J(rèn)為該法案____。

A.mightcausegreaterscarcityoffarmproductsA.可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致更嚴(yán)重的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品短缺

B.didn’tgivetheSecretaryofAgricultureenoughpowerB.沒有給農(nóng)業(yè)部長(zhǎng)足夠的權(quán)力

C.wouldbenefitneitherthegovernmentnorthefarmersC.對(duì)政府和農(nóng)民都沒有好處

D.benefitedonegroupofcitizensattheexpenseofothersD.以犧牲他人為代價(jià)使一部分公民受益

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到最后一段“最高法院宣布這項(xiàng)法律違憲,理由是征收一般稅是為了支付給一個(gè)特殊群體。”以及“羅斯福政府認(rèn)為,重建國(guó)家的土地符合國(guó)家利益,而不僅僅是犧牲其他公民的利益來(lái)幫助農(nóng)民的計(jì)劃(wasnotsimplyaplantohelpfarmersattheexpenseofothercitizens)。”由此可知該法案是針對(duì)一部分人的,犧牲其他公民利益來(lái)幫助農(nóng)民,因此推斷是犧牲他人使一部分公民受益。因此選D。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致更嚴(yán)重的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品短缺”,文中沒有提及,該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有;

B選項(xiàng)“沒有給農(nóng)業(yè)部長(zhǎng)足夠的權(quán)力”,文中提及“這項(xiàng)法律賦予農(nóng)業(yè)部長(zhǎng)通過與農(nóng)民自愿達(dá)成協(xié)議來(lái)減少產(chǎn)量的權(quán)力”,說明農(nóng)業(yè)部長(zhǎng)有足夠的權(quán)力,該選項(xiàng)與原文意思相反,該選項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾

C選項(xiàng)“對(duì)政府和農(nóng)民都沒有好處”,文中提及“羅斯福政府認(rèn)為,重建國(guó)家的土地符合國(guó)家利益,而不

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