考研考博-英語(yǔ)-安徽體育運(yùn)動(dòng)職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-安徽體育運(yùn)動(dòng)職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買(mǎi)！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

Onhergraduationfromcollege,Helenwasmarriedtoaclergyman,thepriestofaneighboring（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.division

B.district

C.parish

D.region

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)division“除法，部門(mén)，分配”；B選項(xiàng)district“區(qū)域，地方，行政區(qū)（尤指官方指定范圍的區(qū)域）”；C選項(xiàng)parish“教區(qū)”；D選項(xiàng)region“地區(qū)，范圍，部位（只指比較大的一片區(qū)域）”。句意：大學(xué)畢業(yè)后，海倫嫁給了鄰近（）的一位牧師。根據(jù)后面的“牧師”一詞，可以得出她應(yīng)該是嫁給了臨近教區(qū)的一位牧師，因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

2.單選題

Inmyopinion,youcanwidenthe（

）oftheseimprovementsthroughyouractiveparticipation.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.dimension

B.volume

C.magnitude

D.scope

【答案】D

【解析】名詞辨析題。dimension尺寸；volume體積；magnitude大??；scope范圍。句意：在我看來(lái)，你可以通過(guò)積極參與來(lái)擴(kuò)大這些改進(jìn)的范圍。選項(xiàng)D更符合語(yǔ)境。

3.單選題

Atfirst,theresultsoftheexperimentseemed（）butfinallyapatternemerged.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.fine

B.grave

C.genuine

D.haphazard

【答案】D

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：起初，實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果似乎是偶然的，但最終出現(xiàn)了一種模式。因此選D。

4.單選題

Theteacher（）theirexercises.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.madethestudentsdo

B.makethestudentsdoing

C.havemakethestudentsdo

D.makethestudentsdone

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞用法辨析。A選項(xiàng)madethestudentsdo“讓學(xué)生做”；B選項(xiàng)makethestudentsdoing；C選項(xiàng)havemakethestudentsdo；D選項(xiàng)makethestudentsdone。句意：老師……他們的鍛煉。根據(jù)句意make的用法為makesth.do，得知A選項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

Scientistsbelievethataconclusionwhichisdrawnreadilybeforealloftherelevantdataarecollected,analyzedandcontemplatediscalled（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.insincere

B.premise

C.premature

D.presumption

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。insincere“不誠(chéng)懇的”，形容詞；premise“前提，假設(shè)”；premature“過(guò)早發(fā)生的事物；早產(chǎn)兒”;presumption“假定，推定”。根據(jù)conclusion“結(jié)論”及beforealloftherelevantdataarecollected,analyzedandcontemplated“在所有相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)被收集、分析和考慮之前”可知“稱為推定”符合語(yǔ)境，因此選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

6.單選題

Whatwill（）leadto?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.thepolicyofthegovernment’s

B.thispolicyofthegovernment’s

C.thispolicyofagovernments

D.thepolicyofagovernments

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。雙重屬格的第一個(gè)名詞不可以使用表示確定特指的the，但可以使用this。第二個(gè)名詞詞組則不可以用表示不確定特指的a，只能用the。句意：政府的這一政策將導(dǎo)致什么？因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

7.翻譯題

In1959JacouesCousteausoundedthealarm:theMediterraneanwasdying.DivingoffFrance’ssoutherncoast,Cousteaufoundamarinedesertthatafewyearsearlierhadteemedwithfishandplants.Heblamedpoisonsfromthelargeurbanandindustrialcomplexesbuiltnearthesea.Cousteaucrystallizedgrowingpublicconcernoverpollutionoftheworld’sseasandoceans.Bythe1960s,oilspills,chemicalsandsewagewereturningareasoftheBalticintotoxiccesspools,heavymetalsandDDThadaccumulatedinfishandshellfishfromtheAtlantictotheChinaSea,causingcarnageamongbirdsthatatethemandpoisoningpeople.

Booksaretomankindwhatmemoryistoindividual.Theycontainthehistoryofourrace,thediscoverieswehavemade,theaccumulatedknowledgeandexperienceofages；theypictureforusthemarvelsandbeautiesofnature,helpusinourdifficulties,comfortusinsorrowandinsuffering,changehoursofwearinessintomomentsofdelight,storeourmindswithideas,fillthemwithgoodandhappythoughts,andliftusoutofandaboveourselves.

【答案】1959年，雅克?庫(kù)斯都敲響了警鐘，地中海正在死亡。庫(kù)斯都在法國(guó)南部海岸潛水時(shí)，發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)海洋沙漠，然而在幾年前這里盛產(chǎn)魚(yú)和海洋植物。他認(rèn)為造成此現(xiàn)象的原因是海邊建立的大型城市和工業(yè)中心排放的有毒物質(zhì)。庫(kù)斯都讓人們對(duì)海洋污染問(wèn)題的關(guān)注越來(lái)越具體化了。到了20世紀(jì)60年代，泄漏的石油、化學(xué)物質(zhì)和污水將波羅的海地區(qū)變成了有毒的污水坑。從大西洋到中國(guó)海域，魚(yú)類貝類體內(nèi)積累了大量的重金屬和殺蟲(chóng)劑，重金屬和殺蟲(chóng)劑在魚(yú)類和貝類體內(nèi)沉積，食用了它們的鳥(niǎo)類大量滅絕，并且也會(huì)使人們中毒。

書(shū)籍對(duì)于人類的作用就相當(dāng)于記憶對(duì)于個(gè)人的作用。書(shū)籍承載了我們種族的歷史、時(shí)代的一些探索發(fā)現(xiàn)以及日益積累的知識(shí)和經(jīng)驗(yàn)。書(shū)籍為我們描繪了大自然的美麗，幫助我們擺脫困境，在我們悲傷和痛苦時(shí)安慰我們，使疲倦的時(shí)光變得歡樂(lè)，使我們的大腦充滿各種思想和觀念，充之以美好快樂(lè)的想法，并且不停地超越提升自我。

8.單選題

Shoppingmallshavesomeadvantageinsufferingfromshorterperiodsof（）business.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.stale

B.slack

C.ferrous

D.abundant

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞辨析。stale不新鮮的，可以指食物，也可以指事情；slack松弛的，不活躍的；生意不景氣的；ferrous含鐵的；abundant大量的，充足的。句子中與business搭配的應(yīng)該是slack,slackbusiness指“生意不景氣，蕭條”。

9.單選題

Itisallverywelltoblametrafficjam,thecostofpetrolandthefastpaceofmodernlife,butmannersontheroadsarebecomingdeplorable.Everybodyknowsthatthenicestmenbecomemonstersbehindthewheel.Itisallverywell,again,tohaveatigerinthetank,buttohaveoneinthedriver’sseatisanothermatter.Youmighttoleratetheoddroad-hog（占道者）,butnowadaysthewell-manneredmotorististheexceptiontotherule.Perhapsthesituationcallsfora“BeKindtoOtherDrivers”campaign;otherwiseitmaygetcompletelyoutofhand.

Roadcourtesyisnotonlygoodmanners,butgoodsensetoo.Ittakesthemostgood-temperedofdriverstoresistthetemptationtohitbackwhensubjectedtouncivilizedbehavior.Afriendlynodorawaveofacknowledgementinresponsetoanactofcourtesyhelpstocreateanatmosphereofgoodwillandtolerancesonecessaryinmoderntrafficconditions.Butsuchacknowledgementsofcourtesyarealltooraretoday.Manydriversnowadaysdon’tevenseemabletorecognizecourtesywhentheyseeit.

Contrarytogeneralopinion,youngdrivershavebettermannersthantheirseniors.Butthisisshort-livedintheworldofmoderndrivingwheremanydriversneitherexpectnorgiveanymercy.Thismaybeencouragedonthebattlefieldbutisoutofplaceontheroads.

Lorrydriverssaytheyhavealmostabandonedthepracticeofsignalingcarstoovertakewhentheroadisclear,becausemanyofthecarstooktoolongtopass.Theycouldn’tbebotheredtoselectalowergear.Thecardrivers,afterovertaking,sloweddownagainandhoggedtheroad.Again,amotoringmagazinehasrecentlydrawnattentiontotheincreasingnumberofdriverswhoneverwaitforgaps.“Theymanufacturethembyforce,usingtheirdirectionindicatorsasathreatratherthanawarning.”P(pán)unch-ups（打群架）arequitecommon.Itcan’tbelongbeforewehearofpistolsandknivesbeingused.

Drivingisessentiallyastateofmind.Howevertechnicallyskilledadrivermaybe,hecan’tbeanadvancedmotoristifheisalwaysarrogantandaggressive.

1.Theauthorismostconcernedabout（）.

2.Theword“deplorable”(Para.1)mostprobablymeans“（）”.

3.Theword“courtesy”(Paragraph2)mostprobablymeans“（）”.

4.WhatisthemainideaofParagraph2?

5.ItcanbelearnedfromParagraph3that（）.

6.Anexampleofgoodmannersontheroadsis（）.

7.Accordingtotheauthor,agooddrivershould（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.trafficjam

B.roadmanners

C.fastpaceoflife

D.highcostofpetrol

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.moreserious

B.moretempting

C.disturbing

D.noticeable

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.driving

B.waving

C.goodmanners

D.badmanners

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Manydriverstendtofightbackagainstrudebehaviors.

B.Alittlecourtesymayhelpeasethetensionsontheroad.

C.Goodwillandtolerancemayhelprelievetrafficjam.

D.Manydriversnowadayslackagoodsenseofcourtesy.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.youngdriversaremoreaggressive

B.youngdriverswouldsoonlosetheirgoodmanners

C.elderdriversaremorecautious

D.elderdriversshouldimprovetheirdrivingskills

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.signalingcarstoovertake

B.manufacturingagap

C.selectingalowergear

D.usingthedirectionindicator

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.betechnicallyskilled

B.haveagoodstateofmind

C.besympatheticwithothers

D.takegoodcareofhisvehicle

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:B

第6題:A

第7題:B

【解析】1.【試題解析】主旨大意題。作者圍繞交通文明而展開(kāi)論述。因此B項(xiàng)“道路禮貌”比較符合本文主旨。

2.【試題解析】詞義題?！癲eplorable”所在句為：Itisallverywelltoblametrafficjam,thecostofpetrolandthefastpaceofmodernlife,butmannersontheroadsarebecomingdeplorable（交通堵塞、汽油價(jià)格和現(xiàn)代生活的快節(jié)奏固然應(yīng)該指責(zé)，但道路上的禮儀正變得……）。由此可知，deplorable有“糟糕，變壞”之意，故選A。

3.【試題解析】詞義題。對(duì)于“courtesy”的理解可參考其所在句子：Afriendlynodorawaveofacknowledgementinresponsetoanactofcourtesyhelpstocreateanatmosphereofgoodwillandtolerancesonecessaryinmoderntrafficconditions.Butsuchacknowledgementsofcourtesyarealltooraretoday.（—個(gè)友好的點(diǎn)頭或揮手以回應(yīng)一個(gè)……的行為，有助于創(chuàng)造友好和寬容的氛圍，而這正是現(xiàn)代交通條件下迫切需要的。但是這種禮貌的回應(yīng)現(xiàn)如今實(shí)在太少見(jiàn)了），由此可知，courtesy意為“禮貌”。

4.【試題解析】主旨大意題。第二段先是提出了道路文明，尾句是主題句：這種禮貌的回應(yīng)現(xiàn)如今實(shí)在太少見(jiàn)了。現(xiàn)在當(dāng)遇到這樣的情況，許多司機(jī)甚至都意識(shí)不到這種禮貌或好意。因此D項(xiàng)“現(xiàn)在許多司機(jī)缺乏禮貌意識(shí)”比較符合第二段大意。

5.【試題解析】判斷推理題。第三段指出：Butthisisshort-livedintheworldofmoderndrivingwheremanydriversneitherexpectnorgiveanymercy.（但是這會(huì)是短暫的，在這個(gè)現(xiàn)代的駕駛世界，許多司機(jī)既不期待也不給予任何寬容），由此推測(cè)，B項(xiàng)“年輕的司機(jī)很快就會(huì)失去他們的禮貌”正確。

6.【試題解析】判斷推理題。第四段指出：卡車(chē)司機(jī)說(shuō)，他們幾乎已經(jīng)放棄了在道路暢通時(shí)向汽車(chē)發(fā)出超車(chē)信號(hào)的做法，自己懶得麻煩變道，即使這么做了，上來(lái)的車(chē)也不會(huì)有好的做法。因此，這屬于一種道路禮貌的行為，故選A項(xiàng)。

7.【試題解析】判斷推理題。Drivingisessentiallyastateofmind.Howevertechnicallyskilledadrivermaybe,hecan’tbeanadvancedmotoristifheisalwaysarrogantandaggressive.（開(kāi)車(chē)是一種心態(tài)，技術(shù)再好的司機(jī)，如果傲慢和具有侵略性，也不可能是一位優(yōu)秀的司機(jī)）。由此可知，作者認(rèn)為，優(yōu)秀的司機(jī)得有一個(gè)好心態(tài)。故選B。

10.單選題

Whatmightdrivingonanautomatedhighwaybelike?Theanswerdependsonwhatkindofsystemisultimatelyadopted.Twodistincttypesareonthedrawingboard.Thefirstisaspecial-purposelanesystem,inwhichcertainlanesarereservedforautomatedvehicles.Thesecondisamixedtrafficsystem:fullyautomatedvehicleswouldsharetheroadwithpartiallyautomatedormanualdrivencars.Aspecial-purposelanesystemwouldrequiremoreextensivephysicalmodificationstoexistinghighways,butitpromisesthegreatestgainsinfreewaycapacity.

Undereitherscheme,thedriverwouldspecifythedesireddestination,furnishingthisinformationtoacomputerinthecaratthebeginningofthetriporperhapsjustbeforereachingtheautomatedhighway.Ifamixedtrafficsystemwaywasinplace,automateddrivingcouldbeginwheneverthedriverwasonsuitablyequippedroads.Ifspecialpurposelaneswereavailable,thecarcouldenterthemandjoinexistingtrafficintwodifferentways.Onemethodwoulduseaspecialonramp.

Asthedriverapproachedthepointofentryforthehighway,devicesinstalledontheroadsidewouldelectronicallycheckthevehicletodetermineitsdestinationandtoascertainthatithadtheproperautomationequipmentingoodworkingorder.Assumingitpassedsuchtests,thedriverwouldthenbeguidedthroughagateandtowardanautomatedlane.Inthiscase,thetransitionfrommanualtoautomatedcontrolwouldtakeplaceontheentranceramp.Analternativetechniquecouldemployconventionallanes,whichwouldbesharedbyautomatedandregularvehicles.Thedriverwouldsteerontothehighwayandmoveinnormalfashiontoa“transition”lane.Thevehiclewouldthenshiftundercomputercontrolontoalanereservedforautomatedtraffic.(Thelimitationoftheselanestoautomatedtrafficwould,presumably,bewellrespected,becausealltrespasserscouldbeswiftlyidentifiedbyauthorities.)

Eitherapproachtojoiningalaneofautomatedtrafficwouldharmonizethemovementofnewlyenteringvehicleswiththosealreadytraveling.Automaticcontrolhereshouldallowforsmoothmergingwithouttheusualuncertaintiesandpotentialforaccidents.Andonceavehiclehadsettledintoautomatedtravel,thedriverwouldbefreetoreleasethewheel,openthemorningpaperorjustrelax.

1.Welearnfromthefirstparagraphthattwosystemsofautomatedhighways（

）.

2.Aspecial-purposelanesystemisprobablyadvantageousinthat（

）.

3.Whichofthefollowingistrueaboutdrivingonanautomatedhighway?

4.Weknowfromthepassagethatacarcanenteraspecialpurposelane（

）.

5.Whendrivinginanautomatedlane.Thedriver（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.arebeingplanned

B.arebeingmodified

C.arenowinwideuse

D.areunderconstruction

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.itwouldrequireonlyminorchangestoexistinghighways

B.itwouldachievethegreatesthighwaytrafficefficiency

C.ithasalaneforbothautomatedandpartiallyautomatedvehicles

D.itoffersmorelanesforautomatedvehicles

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Vehiclestravelingonitareassigneddifferentlanesaccordingtotheirdestinations.

B.Acarcanjoinexistingtrafficanytimeinamixedlanesystem.

C.Thedrivershouldinformhiscarcomputerofhisdestinationbeforedrivingontoit.

D.Thedrivershouldsharetheautomatedlanewiththoseofregularvehicles.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.bysmoothlymergingwithcarsontheconventionallane

B.bywayofarampwithelectroniccontroldevices

C.throughaspeciallyguardedgate

D.afteralltrespassersareidentifiedandremoved

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.shouldharmonizewithnewlyenteringcars

B.doesn’thavetorelyonhiscomputersystem

C.shouldwatchoutforpotentialaccidents

D.doesn’thavetoholdontothesteeringwheel

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第一段第三句Twodistincttypesareonthedrawingboard（繪圖板上有兩種不同的類型）可知，這兩個(gè)系統(tǒng)正在設(shè)計(jì)中，因此選擇A項(xiàng)“正在計(jì)劃中”。B項(xiàng)“正在修改”，C項(xiàng)“現(xiàn)在被廣泛使用”，D項(xiàng)“正在施工中”，均錯(cuò)誤。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問(wèn)special-purposelanesystem的優(yōu)勢(shì)。定位到第一段最后一句Aspecial-purposelanesystemwouldrequiremoreextensivephysicalmodificationstoexistinghighways,butitpromisesthegreatestgainsinfreewaycapacity.（專用車(chē)道系統(tǒng)將需要對(duì)現(xiàn)有高速公路進(jìn)行更廣泛的物理改造，但它有望最大程度地提高高速公路通行能力），因此B項(xiàng)“它將實(shí)現(xiàn)最大的公路交通效率”符合題意。A項(xiàng)“它只需要對(duì)現(xiàn)有的公路做一些小的改動(dòng)”，根據(jù)第一段最后一句可知應(yīng)該是進(jìn)行廣泛的改造，故錯(cuò)誤。C項(xiàng)“它有一條自動(dòng)和半自動(dòng)車(chē)道”和D項(xiàng)“它為自動(dòng)化車(chē)輛提供了更多的車(chē)道”，在文中并未體現(xiàn)。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第二段第一句：Undereitherscheme,thedriverwouldspecifythedesireddestination,furnishingthisinformationtoacomputerinthecaratthebeginningofthetriporperhapsjustbeforereachingtheautomatedhighway.（不論采用哪種設(shè)計(jì)，司機(jī)都需要在其開(kāi)始行駛時(shí)或在到達(dá)自動(dòng)化高速公路前確定要去的目的地，把這個(gè)信息輸入車(chē)上的計(jì)算機(jī)），因此C“司機(jī)在開(kāi)車(chē)上路之前，應(yīng)該把目的地通知他的汽車(chē)電腦”是正確答案。A項(xiàng)“在它上面行駛的車(chē)輛根據(jù)目的地被分配了不同的車(chē)道”，未在文中提及；B項(xiàng)“在混合車(chē)道系統(tǒng)中，汽車(chē)可以隨時(shí)加入現(xiàn)有交通”與文章內(nèi)容相悖，因?yàn)樵牡诙蔚诙涫莖nsuitablyequippedroads而不是existingtraffic；D項(xiàng)“駕駛員應(yīng)與普通車(chē)輛共用自動(dòng)車(chē)道”，在第一段第四句Thesecondisamixedtrafficsystem:fullyautomatedvehicleswouldsharetheroadwithpartiallyautomatedormanualdrivencars.（第二個(gè)是混合交通系統(tǒng)：全自動(dòng)車(chē)輛將與部分自動(dòng)或手動(dòng)駕駛的汽車(chē)共享道路），可知D項(xiàng)提到的情況只適用于第二種設(shè)計(jì)方案，即混合式交通系統(tǒng)。故A、B、D均不是答案。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目詢問(wèn)從文章中我們可得知汽車(chē)____進(jìn)入專用汽車(chē)車(chē)道。根據(jù)文章第二段Ifspecial-purposelaneswereavailable,thecarcouldenterthemandjoinexistingtrafficintwodifferentways.Onemethodwoulduseaspecialonramp...(如果使用專門(mén)車(chē)道，汽車(chē)可以通過(guò)兩種方式進(jìn)入車(chē)道，匯入已有的車(chē)流中。一種方法是使用特別的入口引道……)，B項(xiàng)“通過(guò)帶有電子控制裝置的斜坡”與文章所闡述的觀點(diǎn)一致；C項(xiàng)“穿過(guò)一扇特別守衛(wèi)的大門(mén)”與文中的觀點(diǎn)不符，只有在通過(guò)檢測(cè)后，才能通過(guò)此門(mén)；A項(xiàng)“通過(guò)與常規(guī)車(chē)道上的車(chē)輛平滑合并”和D項(xiàng)“在所有非法闖入者被識(shí)別和清除之后”顯然與文章的意思不符。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目詢問(wèn)行駛在自動(dòng)車(chē)道上時(shí)，司機(jī)______。根據(jù)文章最后一段Andonceavehiclehadsettledintoautomatedtravelthedriverwouldbefreetoreleasethewheel，openthemorningpaperorjustrelax.（一旦汽車(chē)行駛在自動(dòng)車(chē)道上，司機(jī)就不必操縱方向盤(pán)，而可以打開(kāi)早報(bào)閱讀或者放松一下），D項(xiàng)“不必緊握方向盤(pán)”與文章的觀點(diǎn)相符。文章只是說(shuō)在進(jìn)入自動(dòng)車(chē)道時(shí)才應(yīng)該這樣做，因此A項(xiàng)“應(yīng)與新進(jìn)入的車(chē)輛相協(xié)調(diào)”與文章的意思不符；B項(xiàng)“不必依賴他的電腦系統(tǒng)”和C項(xiàng)“應(yīng)注意潛在的事故”與文章所陳述的意思相反。

11.單選題

Shelookedso

youngand（

）thathefelt

thatheshouldtrytoprotecther.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.susceptible

B.fragile

C.vital

D.vulnerable

【答案】D

【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)susceptible“易受影響的”；B選項(xiàng)fragile“易碎的”；C選項(xiàng)vital“至關(guān)重要的”；D選項(xiàng)vulnerable“易受攻擊的，易受傷害的”。句意：她看上去那么年輕，那么脆弱，他覺(jué)得他應(yīng)該試著保護(hù)她。這里的脆弱指的是易受傷害，所以選項(xiàng)D更符合語(yǔ)境。

12.單選題

TheunfaircriticismleftNormanquite

withanger.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.spellbound

B.speechless

C.silent

D.mute

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。spellbound“出神的；被迷住的”；speechless“說(shuō)不出話的”；silent“沉默的”；mute“啞的”。句意：不公平的批評(píng)讓諾曼憤怒無(wú)語(yǔ)。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

13.單選題

______wassheinLondonthansherangupheroldfriendJane.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Nosooner

B.Assoon

C.Onlywhen

D.Rarelywhen

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。Nosooner…than…為固定用法，表示“一……就……”，故A項(xiàng)符合題意。B項(xiàng)assoon和as搭配，表示“一……就……”；C項(xiàng)后面接句子，表示“只有當(dāng)……”；D選項(xiàng)沒(méi)有這個(gè)用法。句意：她一到倫敦就給她的好朋友簡(jiǎn)打電話。故正確答案為A。

14.單選題

Intimesofeconomicdifficulty,governmentalbudgetsforeducationareoftenslashedbeforeanyothers.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.shifted

B.cut

C.checked

D.donated

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。slash表示“猛砍，削減”。A項(xiàng)shift“轉(zhuǎn)移，快速轉(zhuǎn)移”，B項(xiàng)cut“割破，砍，削減”，C項(xiàng)check“檢查”，D項(xiàng)donate“捐贈(zèng)”。句意：在經(jīng)濟(jì)困難時(shí)期，政府經(jīng)常首先削減教育預(yù)算。根據(jù)句意，該題選B正確。

15.單選題

Anarrowhasasharp,pointedheadwithwhichitperforatesitstarget.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.facestoward

B.follows

C.pierces

D.fliestoward

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞義辨析。perforate表示“穿過(guò)，穿孔”。A項(xiàng)facetoward“正對(duì)著”，B項(xiàng)follow“跟隨”，C項(xiàng)pierce“刺穿，穿破”，D項(xiàng)flytoward“飛向”；句意：箭頭前端很尖銳，可以用它來(lái)刺穿目標(biāo)物。根據(jù)句意該題選C。

16.單選題

Greenmeanshealthyoutsideofhospitals,too.Officeworkerswithnatureviewsaremore（1）abouttheirjobs,lessfrustrated,inbetterhealthandmoresatisfiedwiththeir（2）,accordingtoonestudy.Accordingtoanother,prisoninmateswhosecellslookedoutonfarmfieldsneededfarlesshealthcarethanthosewhosecellsfaceda（3）internalcourtyard.Psychologistshavefoundthatexposure（4）trees,streamsandothernaturalfeaturesimprovesconcentration,creativityandemotionalfunctioning.Inonestudy.FrancesKuo,PhD,apsychologistwho（5）theLandscapeandHumanHealthLaboratoryattheUniversityofIllinois,andhercolleaguesshowedthat20-minutewalksacrossleafycityparkseasesADHD（6）inkids.Afewyearsago,Kuoandherresearchpartnerstestedchildreninahigh-riseChicagopublic-housingprojecttoseeifaviewofnaturefromtheirapartmentshelpedthempsychologically.（7）withgirlswholookedoutonbrickandasphalt,girlswhosawtreesfromtheirwindowsconcentratedbetter,actedless（8）andweremoreabletodelaygratification.That（9）betterself-discipline,Kuosays,whichcouldhelpgirlsbetterhandlethe（10

）thatcometheirwayastheygrowupintheprojects.TheIllinoisresearchersalsoshowedthatareasofthepublic-housingprojectwithtreesandgrasshadlowerlevelsofcrime,（11

）violence,noise,litterandgraffiti(涂鴉).“Whenyouputallthesethingstogether,it’sapictureofahealthierneighborhood,”Kuosay.Greenerneighborhoodsmayevenimprovethe（12

）physicalhealthoftheirresidents.Dutchscientistscrosscheckedtheself-reportedhealthof10,000peoplewiththegreennessoftheirneighborhoods.After（13

）fortheirincome,ageandotherfactorsthataffecthealth,theyfoundthatpeopleingreenerneighborhoodswerehealthier.Inanotherstudy,elderlyTokyoresidentsweresignificantlymorelikelytosurvive（14

）anotherfiveyearsiftheirneighborhood（15

）walkableparksandtree-linedstreets.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.keen

B.eager

C.zealous

D.enthusiastic

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.lives

B.alive

C.live

D.living

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.blight

B.bleak

C.bleach

D.blemished

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.for

B.to

C.from

D.at

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.directs

B.improves

C.helps

D.satisfies

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.frustration

B.features

C.emotions

D.symptoms

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.Comparing

B.Compare

C.Compared

D.Tocompare

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.inpulsively

B.dispulsively

C.impulsively

D.unpulsively

問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)

A.amountupto

B.addsupto

C.isupto

D.livesupto

問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)

A.challenges

B.career

C.professions

D.task

問(wèn)題11選項(xiàng)

A.domestic

B.forensic

C.explicit

D.metropolitan

問(wèn)題12選項(xiàng)

A.totally

B.partial

C.overall

D.whole

問(wèn)題13選項(xiàng)

A.account

B.accounting

C.accounted

D.havingaccounting

問(wèn)題14選項(xiàng)

A.from

B.in

C.up

D.for

問(wèn)題15選項(xiàng)

A.retained

B.attained

C.detained

D.contained

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:A

第6題:D

第7題:C

第8題:C

第9題:D

第10題:A

第11題:A

第12題:C

第13題:B

第14題:D

第15題:D

【解析】（1）固定搭配。beenthusiasticabout為固定搭配，表示“熱衷于,對(duì)...充滿熱情”。keen后面一般接on；eager一般與to搭配；zealous一般與for搭配。所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

（2）名詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)句意可知，這里指對(duì)他們的生活感到更滿意。只有選項(xiàng)A表示生活；alive“活著的”；live“活的，直播的”；living表示“生計(jì)，生活方式，生存之道”。所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

（3）形容詞詞義辨析。blight“枯萎，荒蕪”；bleak“陰冷的,荒涼的”；bleach“漂白”；blemished“有瑕疵的,有污點(diǎn)的”。根據(jù)句意可知填空處應(yīng)為形容詞修飾花園。只有選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

（4）固定搭配。Exposure通常與to搭配,表示“暴露于”。原文指的是處于某種環(huán)境中，所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

（5）動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)原文可知，這里指管理實(shí)驗(yàn)室的心理學(xué)家，選項(xiàng)A符合原文語(yǔ)境。

（6）名詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)句意：在樹(shù)木繁茂的城市公園散步20分鐘可以緩解兒童多動(dòng)癥的癥狀。選項(xiàng)D符合原文語(yǔ)境。

（7）語(yǔ)法知識(shí)?？疾閏omparingwith和comparedwith的區(qū)別。當(dāng)句子的主語(yǔ)是被比較的對(duì)象時(shí),用comparedwith；當(dāng)句子的主語(yǔ)是比較動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者時(shí),用comparingwith。句中的主語(yǔ)為girls，為被比較的對(duì)象,所以用compared。選項(xiàng)C正確。

（8）形容詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)原文句意：看到樹(shù)木的女孩們注意力更加集中,行為不那么沖動(dòng)。選項(xiàng)中只有impulsively表示“易沖動(dòng)的”。其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)均拼寫(xiě)錯(cuò)誤。所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

（9）動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。amountupto“至多”;addupto“總計(jì)達(dá)”;isupto“從事;忙于”;liveupto“實(shí)現(xiàn),達(dá)到”。根據(jù)原文可知，本句是對(duì)上一句的遞進(jìn)說(shuō)明，表示還會(huì)提高自律性。選項(xiàng)D正確。

（10）名詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)句意：這可以幫助她們更好地處理成長(zhǎng)過(guò)程中遇到的挑戰(zhàn)。選項(xiàng)A符合原文語(yǔ)境。

（11）固定搭配。domesticviolence為固定搭配，表示“家庭暴力”。

（12）形容詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)原文可知，這里指提高居民整體的健康狀況。totally完全地；partial局部地；overall全部的，強(qiáng)調(diào)全面綜合的；whole完整的，強(qiáng)調(diào)事物完好無(wú)缺。所以選項(xiàng)C更恰當(dāng)。

（13）語(yǔ)法知識(shí)。此處考查動(dòng)詞account的各種形式?？崭袂懊媸墙樵~after，所以后面只能接名詞，代詞或動(dòng)名詞，所以空格處應(yīng)該是用動(dòng)名詞形式。選項(xiàng)B正確。

（14）介詞搭配。survive與for搭配使用,表示“存活……”,后一般跟時(shí)間。選項(xiàng)D正確。

（15）語(yǔ)法理解題。retained保留，保存；attained獲得，達(dá)到；detained扣留；contained包含。根據(jù)句意：”如果東京的老年居民所在的社區(qū)有可步行的公園和綠樹(shù)成蔭的街道...”可知，選項(xiàng)D更符合語(yǔ)境。

17.單選題

Examinationsdonot（）studentstoseekmoreknowledge.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.exert

B.instruct

C.motivate

D.qualify

【答案】C

【解析】詞義辨析題。exert運(yùn)用；instruct指導(dǎo)；motivate激勵(lì)；qualify使…有資格。句意：考試無(wú)法激勵(lì)學(xué)生去追求更多的知識(shí)。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

18.單選題

The___landlordrefusedtoreturnthesecuritydepositclaimingfalselythatthetenanthaddamagedtheapartment.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.unscrupulous

B.resplendent

C.divine

D.deceased

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)unscrupulous“肆無(wú)忌憚的；寡廉鮮恥的；不講道德的”；B選項(xiàng)resplendent“光輝的；華麗的”；C選項(xiàng)divine“神圣的；非凡的；天賜的；極好的”；D選項(xiàng)deceased“已故的”。句意：___房東拒絕退還押金，謊稱房客損壞了公寓。本句表達(dá)“不講道德的房東”。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

19.單選題

Fromtheearliestdecadesofcolonizationtothe20thcentury,Americanshavecelebratedandlargelytakenforgrantedtheseeminglyendlessbountyoftheirland.NotuntiltheearlytwentiethcenturydidasignificantconservationmovementdevelopbeforetheproddingofprofessionalresourcemanagersliketheforesterGiffordPinchot,andpoliticianslikeTheodoreRoosevelt.Themovementwasaresponsetoanevidentdwindlingofknowmineralresources,thedecimationofvirginforests,andadeclineinthefishandgameavailabletosportsmen.Itwasalsoanintegralexpressionofthepoliticalmovementknownasprogressivism,whichstressed,amongotherthings,theuseofgovernmentpower,guidedbyscientificknowledgeanddemocraticprinciples,tosolvenational,social,andeconomicproblems.Theprogressiveconservationistspushedintoexistenceasubstantialbodyoflegislationatstateandnationallevelsthataimedattherationalmanagementofresources.Forthemostpart,however,theselawshadmoreformthansubstance,andinpracticetheexploitationofnaturecontinuedandlargelyunchecked.

Bythe1920’sprogressivismhadfadedaway,butitsenthusiasmforscientificmanagementandresearchremainedactiveinthebusinesscommunity.Boththecommitmenttoresourcemanagementresearchbyindustryandtheallocationoffundstoseekoutuntappedresourcesgrewrapidly.Scienceandtechnologylinkedupmorecloselythanbeforetodevisemeansfortheirexploitation.

Theamalgamofscience,technology,andbusinessinterestsnotonlyfosteredthecontinuedgrowthofolderindustries,butalsospawnednewindustriesthatfosteredeconomicexpansionatgreatenvironmentalcost.Thedevelopmentofelectricpowerraisedmanufacturingproductivityandthematerialstandardofliving,butalsopollutedtheairthroughthecombustionoffossilfuelsinhugeamounts.Thespreadofautomotivetransportationentailedmobilityandproductivity,butexactedthepriceoflong-termenvironmentalcosts,voraciousenergyconsumption,andexpropriationoflandforrailways.Themultifacetedpetrochemicalindustrylistedamongitsbenefitsbetteragriculturalproductivityfromtheuseofchemicalfertilizersandpesticides,butcontributedheavilytoair,water,andsoilpollution.Theaviationindustrypromotedmobilityandcohesionwithinthenationandhe