2021屆全國百所名校新高考原創(chuàng)預(yù)測試卷(三)英語

-1--1-2021屆全國百所名校新高考原創(chuàng)預(yù)測試卷（三）英語★?？荚図樌?/p>

注意事項：1、考試范圍：高考范圍。2、答題前，請先將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號用0.5毫米黑色簽字筆填寫在試題卷和答題卡上的相應(yīng)位置，并將準(zhǔn)考證號條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。用2B鉛筆將答題卡上試卷類型A后的方框涂黑。3、選擇題的作答：每個小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。寫在試題卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非選擇題答題區(qū)域的答案一律無效。4、主觀題的作答：用簽字筆直接答在答題卡上對應(yīng)的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)。寫在試題卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域的答案一律無效。如需改動，先劃掉原來的答案，然后再寫上新答案；不準(zhǔn)使用鉛筆和涂改液。不按以上要求作答無效。5、選考題的作答：先把所選題目的題號在答題卡上指定的位置用2B鉛筆涂黑。答案用0.5毫米黑色簽字筆寫在答題卡上對應(yīng)的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)，寫在試題卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非選修題答題區(qū)域的答案一律無效。6、保持卡面清潔，不折疊，不破損，不得使用涂改液、膠帶紙、修正帶等。7、考試結(jié)束后，請將本試題卷、答題卡、草稿紙一并依序排列上交。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一.節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項,并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。Howdidthemancomehere?Byplane.B.Bybike.C.Bytrain.Wherearethespeakers?Inabar.B.Inasupermarket.C.Inahospital.3Whydoesthemancomehere?Hewantstobuysomething.

Hewantstoseethemanager.Hewantstogethismoneyback.Whatdoesthewomanmean?ShewillgotothepartywithDavid.BShewon'tgotothepartywithanybody.C.Shedoesn'twantDavidtogototheparty.Howmuchistheradionow?A.20.B.25.第二節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分）請聽下面5段對話或獨白,選出最佳選項。請聽第6段材料,回答第6至第8題。Whathappenedtotheman?A.Hewasgivenaprize.B.Helosthisjob.off.Howdidthemanfeelabouthisboss'sdecision?A.Hedidn'tunderstandit.Heunderstooditverywell.Hethoughtitcompletelywrong.Whatwasthemanunabletodo?A.Touseaprinter.B.Touseatypewriter.請聽第7段材料,回答第9至第11題。What'stheman'sadvice?A.Tokeepstudying.B.Togetajob.WhatisthewomangoingtostudyaccordingtoherA.Performance.B.Law.Whydoesthewomanwanttowork?A.Togetenoughmoney.B.Tohavefun.請聽第8段材料,回答第12至第14題。C.30.C.HehadaleaveC.Touseacomputer.C.30.C.HehadaleaveC.Touseacomputer.C.Tohaveaholiday.parents?C.Economics.C.Tomakefriends.A.Excellent.B.Bad.C.So-so.13.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?A.Learnhowtocookfromher.B.Getabookanddoafterit.C.Takesomecoursesforcookery.14.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Husbandandwife.B.Friends.請聽第9段材料,回答第15至第17題。15.Whydoesthewomanwanttotalkwiththeman?A.Shewantstoimproveherstudy.B.Shewantstoaskforasickleave.C.Shewantssomeadviceonhowtomakefriends.16.Whatdoesthemanthinkthewomanshoulddo?A.Keeprelaxed.B.Beconfident.17.Whatdoesthemando?A.Ateacher.B.Astudent.請聽下面一段獨白，回答第18至第20題。18.Whatcanwelearnaboutthespeaker?A.Sheisanassistant.B.Sheisatravelagent.C.Sheisstudyinginauniversity.19.Whereisthespeaker?A.InEastAfrica.B.InBritain.C.Bossandsecretary.C.Studyhard.C.Anurse.C.IntheWestIndies.20.Whatdoesthispassagetalkabout?A.SomeinformationaboutEurope.B.SomeinformationaboutthecityofBradford.C.SomeinformationabouttheUniversityofBradford.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。SomeofthebestmuseumsacrossChinaareputtingtheirexhibitionsonlineinVRformatforfree.Whilestuckathomeduetothenovelcoronavirusoutbreak,whynottakeadetailedonlinetouratmuseumsthatyouwouldnototherwisehavetimefor?ThePalaceMuseumThePalaceMuseumisknownastheForbiddenCity.Althoughthemuseumisnowclosedduetothecurrentepidemicprevention,it'spossibleforvisitorstotakeviartualtourofpartsofthemuseumwithoutactuallysettingfootonthemajesticgrounds.VisitorscanbrowseallthebuildingsofthePalaceMuseums.Morethan400,000imperialartifactshavebeendigitizedonline,whichcandefinitelyhelpyougainknowledgeandimmerseyourselfinaculturalatmosphere.Thewebsites:/gugong_app_pc/index.html/shuziduobaoge/htmlShanghaiMuseumShanghaiMuseumisalargeandfamousmuseum,whichcollectsover120,000preciousartisticrelicsfrommorethan5,000yearsagototheQingDynasty.Themarvelousbronze,ceramics,paintingsandcalligraphiesofferavisualfeastfortheeyes,andalsoprovideagoodchanceforpeopletolearntheprofoundChinesehistoryandculture.IfyouareintoancientChineseartsandcrafts,thentheonlineShanghaiMuseumisdefinitelyworthyourtime.Thewebsite:/treasure/show/showMogaoCavesTheMogaoCaves,alsoknownasThousandBuddhaGrottoes,isaUNESCOWorldHeritageSitelocatednearDunhuanginnorthwestChina'sGansuProvince.Nowvisitorscandirectlybrowsedozensofclassiccavesandappreciatethemurals（壁畫）bycaveroomsthroughthe“DigitalDunhuang”，thewebsiteoftheMogaoCaves.Thedevelopmentof“DigitalDunhuang”notonlyshocksvisitorsinavisualsensebutalso“moves”theMoganGrottoesoutside.Thewebsite:/index.html1.ThepeopleinterestedinancientChineseartsandcraftsshouldvisit./index.html/shuziduobaoge/html/gugong_app_pc/index.html/treasure/show/show2.Whatcanthevisitorsseethrough“DigitalDunhuang”?Preciousimperialartifacts.Classiccavesandthemurals.Ancientpeoplelivinginthecaves.AlltheartisticrelicsofDunhuang.Whatisthepurposeofwritingthepassage?Toguidewhattodoathome.Torecommendanonlinetour.Tosupportthesicknessprevention.Toinvitevisitorstorealscenicspots.【答案】1.D2.B3.B【解析】這是一篇說明文。中國一些最好的博物館正在將他們的展覽，以虛擬現(xiàn)實的形式免費放在網(wǎng)上。文章主要介紹了三個可以進(jìn)行網(wǎng)上旅行的網(wǎng)站。【1題詳解】纟田節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ShanghaiMuseum部分中IfyouareintoancientChineseartsandcrafts,thentheonlineShanghaiMuseumisdefinitelyworthyourtime.可知如果你對中國古代工藝品感興趣，那么網(wǎng)上的上海博物館絕對值得一去。由此可知，對中國古代工藝品感興趣的人們可以訪問網(wǎng)址：/treasure/show/show。故選D?！?題詳解】纟田節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)MogaoCaves部分中Nowvisitorscandirectlybrowsedozensofclassiccavesandappreciatethemuralsbycaveroomsthroughthe“DigitalDunhuang”,thewebsiteoftheMogaoCaves.可知現(xiàn)在，游客可以通過莫高窟網(wǎng)站“數(shù)字敦煌”直接瀏覽幾十個經(jīng)典洞窟，欣賞洞窟室壁畫。由此可知，游客通過“數(shù)字敦煌”能看到經(jīng)典的洞穴和壁畫。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中Whilestuckathomeduetothenovelcoronavirusoutbreak,whynottakeadetailedonlinetouratmuseumsthatyouwouldnototherwisehavetimefor?可知當(dāng)你因為新型冠狀病毒爆發(fā)而困在家里的時候，為什么不去那些你沒有時間去的博物館進(jìn)行一次詳細(xì)的在線旅游呢？結(jié)合文章主要介紹了三個可以進(jìn)行網(wǎng)上旅行的網(wǎng)站，由此可推知，寫這篇文章的目的是推薦網(wǎng)上旅游。故選B。BWithbushfirescontinuingtoswallowdifferentpartsofAustralia,alocalzooinNewSouthWales-thestatewhichistheeasiesttocatchfire-hashittheheadlineswithaheartwarmingstory.Rightinthelineofabushfire,thekeepersofMogoWildlifeParkmanagedtoprotectall200animalsfromharmaftertheyreceivedevacuationorders,accordingtoreports.Netizenswerequicktoreactonsocialmediaandpraisedthebraveryofthezookeeperandstaffs,astheystayedandmanagedtoprotectanimalsfromuncontrolledfiresandevenshelteredsomeattheirownhouse.The40-year-oldzookeeper,ChadStaples,describedthesituationastheworstcatastrophe,whichfeltlikeArmageddon（大決戰(zhàn)）here.Luckily,histeamhadmadeapreciseplanaheadoftimebymovingeverythingflammablefromtheareaandthelargeranimalstosafeplaces.What'sremarkableisthatasthesmalleronesneededextrashelter,Staplesdecidedtotakethemtohisownhouse.“Rightnowinmyhousethereareanimalsofalldescriptionsinallthedifferentrooms.Theyaresafeandprotected…notasingleanimallost,”hesaid.BBCnewsalsomentionedthat“there'satigertothebackofthehouse.”Somemediaoutletshighlightedthe“heroicjob”intheirheadlines.Onlineusersalsoreactedwiththumbs-upandweregladtoseeallthestaffandanimalscomingthroughthehorrificfire.LocatedinthesoutherncoastofNewSouthWales,MogoWildlifeParkhousesAustralia'slargestcollectionofprimates,alsoincludingdifferentanduniqueanimalssuchaszebras,giraffes,rhinosandredpandas.NewSouthWaleshitstheheadlinesbecauseof.itsfamouszooitsendangeredanimalstheheartwarmingeventbeingeasytocatchfireWhichofthefollowingistrueaboutMogoWildlifePark?ItbelongstoChadStaples.Noneoftheanimalsismissing.Itmerelyholdsrareanimalspecies.Extrashelterswerebuiltforemergencies.WhichwordcanprobablydescribeChadStaples?A.Irresponsible.B.Considerate.C.Selfish.D.Energetic.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheHeroicJob.TheHorrificFire.TheExtinctAnimals.TheBraveZooKeeper.【答案】4.C5.B6.B7.D【解析】這是一篇記敘文。主要記敘了澳大利亞新南威爾士州一家當(dāng)?shù)貏游飯@中動物管理員在接到森林大火的疏散令后，留下來保護(hù)動物免受失控火災(zāi)的傷害，甚至把一些動物關(guān)在自己家里，成功地保護(hù)了所有200只動物。網(wǎng)友和媒體都對這一行為表示贊賞?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段WithbushfirescontinuingtoswallowdifferentpartsofAustralia,alocalzooinNewSouthWales-thestatewhichistheeasiesttocatchfire-hashittheheadlineswithaheartwarmingstory.可知澳大利亞新南威爾士州是最容易發(fā)生火災(zāi)的地方，由于叢林大火繼續(xù)吞噬澳大利亞各地，新南威爾士州的一家當(dāng)?shù)貏游飯@最近以一則溫暖人心的故事登上了新聞頭條。由此可知，新南威爾士州因為這個溫暖人心的事件而成為頭條新聞。故選c。【5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段“Rightnowinmyhousethereareanimalsofalldersicptionsinallthedifferentrooms.Theyaresafeandprotected…notasingleanimallost,”hesaid?可知“現(xiàn)在在我的房子里，所同的房間里有各種各樣的動物。他們很安全，受到保護(hù)……沒有一只動物失蹤，”他說。由此可知，Mog。野生動物園沒有一只動物失蹤。故選B。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中Luckily,histeamhadmadeapreciseplanaheadoftimebymovingeverythingflammablefromtheareaandthelargeranimalstosafeplaces.可知幸運的是，他的團(tuán)隊提前制定了一個精確的計劃，將所有易燃物品從該地區(qū)移走，并將大型動物轉(zhuǎn)移到安全的地方。由此可推知，ChadStaples是個考慮周全的人。故選B?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段WithbushfirescontinuingtoswallowdifferentpartsofAustralia,alocalzooinNewSouthWales-thestatewhichistheeasiesttocatchfire-hashittheheadlineswithaheartwarmingstory.可知澳大利亞新南威爾士州是最容易發(fā)生火災(zāi)的地方，由于叢林大火繼續(xù)吞噬澳大利亞各地，新南威爾士州的一家當(dāng)?shù)貏游飯@最近以一則溫暖人心的故事登上了新聞頭條。結(jié)合文章主要記敘了澳大利亞新南威爾士州一家當(dāng)?shù)貏游飯@中動物管理員在接到森林大火的疏散令后，留下來保護(hù)動物免受失控火災(zāi)的傷害，甚至把一些動物關(guān)在自己家里，成功地保護(hù)了所有200只動物。網(wǎng)友和媒體都對這一行為表示贊賞。由此可知，故D選項“勇敢的動物園管理員”符合文章標(biāo)題。故選D。CFlyinghasshrunktheworld!It'snowpossibletotravelaroundtheglobequicklyandeasily.Jumpingonaplaneandjettingoffonholidayorabusinesstripisthenormformanyofus,andwiththeriseofbudgetairlines,thenumberofpeopletakingtotheskiesisincreasing.Butwhileairtraveliscostingusless,thecosttotheenvironmentisgoingup.Climatechangeissomethingwe'reallawareofnow,andaviationcompaniesknowthatsomeoftheblameforthisisbeingpointedatthem.Lastyearairlineswereforecastedtouseabout97bngallonsofjetfuel.Butwhilewecouldthinktwiceabouttakingaflightinthefirstplace,particularlyashorttripthatcouldbemadebytrain,technologymightbetheanswertoreducingemissionsandminimisingtheenvironmentaldamage.Recentdevelopmentshavefocusedonreducingtheamountoffuelairliners（大型客機(jī)）burn.MakingflyinggreenandsustainablewasthehottopicattherecentDubaiAirShow.Therewastalkofadvancesinenginetechnology,makingthemmoreefficient,andpossiblyusingbiofueltopoweraircraft.RiosGalvan,abioenergyexpertandprofessoratKhalifaUniversityinAbuDhabi,toldtheBBCthat“thesehavethecapacitytoreducethecarbonfootprintanywherebetween50-80percentwhenyoucomparethemtofuels.”AndPhilCurnock,chiefengineerofthecivilfutureprogrammeatRolls-Royce,alsosuggestedthatelectrichybridengines（混合動力發(fā)動機(jī)）couldplayapartforsmalleraircraft,coveringshorterdistances.Hesays“itoffersthepossibilityofacarbon-neutralflightforalimitedrange.”O(jiān)fcourse,aircraftmanufacturersareconstantlylookingatwaystomaketheirplanesmorefuelefficient.Boeing'sDreamliner,forexample,isalreadyinoperationanduses25percentlessfuelperpassengercomparedwithaircraftofasimilarsize.Otherimprovementsincludebetteraircraftaerodynamics（空氣動力學(xué)）,changestowaysaircrafttaxi（滑行）onrunways,andtheuseoflightermaterials.WhatcanweinferfromParagraph1?Theearthgetssmaller.Budgetairlinesbecomepopular.Flyingisfavoriteamongpassengers.Airtravelcandoharmtoenvironment.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“minimising”mean?Lowering.B.Consolidating.C.Weakening.D.IncreasingWhichofthefollowingistrue,accordingtothepassage?Boeing'sDreamlinerisagreenaircraft.Biofuelisanecessitytopowerairliners.Electrichybridengineshavetheirlimitations.Wayswillbefoundtoreducefuelconsumption.Howcanaircraftsbemademorefuelefficient?A.Bybetteringrunways.B.Bymakingsmalleraircrafts.C.Byusingthelightermaterials.D.Byusingaircraftaerodynamics.【答案】8.D9.A10.C11.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇新聞報道。雖然如今人們可以輕松快捷地環(huán)游世界，乘飛機(jī)旅行花費更少，但對環(huán)境的成本卻在上升。在最近的迪拜航空展上，讓飛行更環(huán)保、更可持續(xù)是一個熱門話題。會議討論了發(fā)動機(jī)技術(shù)的進(jìn)步，提高了發(fā)動機(jī)的效率，并可能使用生物燃料為飛機(jī)提供動力。文章還說明了一位生物能源專家RiosGalvan對生物燃料的看法以及首席工程師PhilCurnock對混合動力發(fā)動機(jī)的看法?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句Butwhileairtraveliscostingusless,thecosttotheenvironmentisgoingup.可知但是，雖然乘飛機(jī)旅行花費更少，但對環(huán)境的成本卻在上升。由此可推知，乘飛機(jī)旅行對環(huán)境有害。故選D?！?題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)上文Butwhilewecouldthinktwiceabouttakingaflightinthefirstplace,particularlyashorttripthatcouldbemadebytrain,technologymightbetheanswertoreducingemissionsand可知但是，雖然我們可以在一開始就考慮乘坐飛機(jī)，尤其是乘坐火車這樣的短途旅行，但技術(shù)可能是減少排放和最大限度降低環(huán)境破壞的答案。and連接的前后兩個動詞為近義詞，故劃線單詞意思為“減少，降低”。故選A?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中Hesays“itoffersthepossibilityofacarbon-neutralflightforalimitedrange.”可知他說：“它提供了在有限范圍內(nèi)實現(xiàn)碳中和飛行的可能性。”由此可知，電動混合動力引擎有其局限性。故選C?！?1題詳解】纟田節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中Otherimprovementsincludebetteraircraftaerodynamics,changestowaysaircrafttaxionrunways,andtheuseoflightermaterials.可知其他改進(jìn)包括更好的飛機(jī)空氣動力學(xué)，改變飛機(jī)在跑道上滑行的方式，以及使用更輕的材料。由此可知，使用較輕的材料可以使飛機(jī)更省油。故選C?！军c睛】詞義猜測題是高考閱讀理解中常考題型之一，可以大致分為定義猜詞，可以根據(jù)定義信息和舉例猜測詞義。如文中常用referto,becalled或that'stosay,suchas等。邏輯猜詞可以根據(jù)同義詞、反義詞、因果關(guān)系詞等猜測詞義，例如，similarly,thesameas,but,however,while,ontheotherhand,since,because等，所猜詞與這些提示詞前/后面部分的含義一樣、相反或是前因后果。語法猜詞，可以根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法，再結(jié)合上下文進(jìn)行猜詞。語境猜詞，猜測詞義離不開上下文的語境，通過上下文提供的情景和線索進(jìn)行合理的分析，同時還要關(guān)注其所在的整段及整篇文章。指代猜詞即找出人稱代詞、指示代詞、關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞等所指代的內(nèi)容，做題時要注意指代詞的位置，以便于判斷，然后用所找的指代內(nèi)容替換劃線代詞，核實其邏輯、意義、位置等是否一致，最后比較所找部分與選項，確定意思最接近的選項。如第二小題，根據(jù)上文Butwhilewecouldthinktwiceabouttakingaflightinthefirstplace,particularlyashorttripthatcouldbemadebytrain,technologymightbetheanswertoreducingemissionsand可知但是，雖然我們可以在一開始就考慮乘坐飛機(jī)，尤其是乘坐火車這樣的短途旅行，但技術(shù)可能是減少排放和最大限度降低環(huán)境破壞的答案。and連接的前后兩個動詞為近義詞，故劃線單詞意思為“減少，降低”。故選A。DFortwocenturies,thefamousUniversityofCambridgedebatingsocietyhashostedmanyprominentfigures,fromworldleaderstoscientiststocomedians.OnNov21,theCambridgeUnionhosteditsfirst-evernon-humanguest.DesignedbyIBM,ProjectDebaterisamachinethatusesArtificialIntelligence(AI)toformaspokenargument.Itcanevenlistenandanswertoopposingstatements,muchlikearealperson.SpeakingwithavoicesimilartoSiri,ProjectDebaterusesAItosearchjournals,newspapersandotherinformationsources.Itthenfiltersout過濾)uselessinformation,picksthestrongestarguments,andarrangesthemintoapersuasiveargument.“IntheCambridgetestdebate,itarguedthetopic:AIwillultimatelydomoreharmthangood.AccordingtoIBM,itisthefirstmachinethatcandebatecomplicatedtopicswithhumans.Beforethedebate,morethan1,100argumentsforthepositivesandnegativesofAIweresubmittedtotheIBMwebsite.Themachinethenanalyzedthesesourcesandformedthebasisofitsargumentsinminutes.ProjectDebaterthenshowedoffitsAIbyarguingforbothsidesofthedebate.Overafour-minutespeech,itarguedfirstthat,“AIcanonlymakedecisionsthatithasbeenprogrammedtosolve,whilehumanscanbeprogrammedforallplots,possibleevents.”InsupportofAI,itthenarguedthatAIwouldcreatenewjobsand“bringalotmoreefficiency”totheworkplace.Thisisn'tthefirsttestforProjectDebater.InJune2018,themachinewentback-and-forthfor20minutesagainstchampiondebaterHarishNatarajan.AccordingtoNewScientist,onbothoccasions,ProjectDebaterrepeatedpointsanddidn'talwayssufficientlysupportthem.SpeakingtoCambridgeIndependent,NoamSlonim,theproject'sleadengineer,said,“TheAIisnotperfect,butit'sgoingintherightdirection.”TheteamhopestoimprovetheAIbyresearchingwhyhumansfindcertainargumentsmorepersuasivethanothers.InwhichwaydoesProjectDebaterbehavelikearealperson?Itcanlistenandanswertoopposingstatements.ItcanspeakwithavoicesimilartoSiri.Itcancreatevarioususefulsources.Itcandealwithanysituation.WhatwerepreparedforthemachinebeforetheCambridgetestdebate?A.Analyzedsources.Uselessmessages.Materialsforarguments.Itemsabouthumandebaters.Wecaninferfromthetextthat.A.AIdidbetterthanhumansinargumentsthemachinehadrichideastosupportitspointsthemachinebeatHarishNatarajaninthefirsttestAIneedsmorepersuasiveargumentsindebatesWhatisNoamSlonim'sattitudetotheAI?A.Supportive.B.Unconfident.C.Negative.D.Indifferent.【答案】12.A13.C14.D15.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。兩個世紀(jì)以來，著名的劍橋大學(xué)辯論協(xié)會接待了許多杰出人物，11月21日，劍橋聯(lián)合會迎來了有史以來第一位非人類嘉賓ProjectDebater。據(jù)IBM稱，這是第一臺可以與人類辯論復(fù)雜話題的機(jī)器。文章還說明了它在此處辯論中的表現(xiàn)，以及人們對此的看法。【12題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中Itcanevenlistenandanswertoopposingstatements,muchlikearealperson.可知它甚至可以傾聽和回答相反的陳述，很像一個真人。由此可知，ProjectDebater可以傾聽和回答相反的陳述，因此表現(xiàn)得像一個真實的人。故選A?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中Beforethedebate,morethan1,100argumentsforthepositivesandnegativesofAIweresubmittedtotheIBMwebsit可知在這場辯論之前，超過1100個關(guān)于人工智能利弊的論點被提交到IBM的網(wǎng)站上。由此可知，在劍橋測試辯論之前，人們?yōu)檫@臺機(jī)器準(zhǔn)備了辯論材料。故選C?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一句TheteamhopestoimprovetheAIbyresearchingwhyhumansfindcertainargumentsmorepersuasivethanothers.可知研究小組希望通過研究為什么人類發(fā)現(xiàn)某些論據(jù)比其他論據(jù)更有說服力，來提高人工智能。由此可推知，人工智能在辯論中需要更有說服力的論據(jù)。故選D。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中SpeakingtoCambridgeIndependent,NoamSlonim,theproject'sleadengineer,said,“TheAIisnotperfect,butit'sgoingintherightdirection.”可知該項目首席工程師NoamSlonim在接受《劍橋獨立報》采訪時表示：“人工智能并不完美，但它正朝著正確的方向前進(jìn)?！庇纱丝赏浦?，NoamSlonim對于人工智能的的態(tài)度是支持的。故選A。【點睛】態(tài)度、觀點及感受類推理判斷題。高考閱讀理解題中有些題目考查考生對文章作者的思想、人物性格傾向等方面的理解。對于判斷情感態(tài)度類題目，考生需要分析段落大意、作者的思路，理解了文章的段落大意、中心思想后，才能判斷出作者的情感態(tài)度。學(xué)會辨別清楚文章的體裁。高考閱讀理解題涉及各類文章。以議論文為主，文章的主題句往往會直接地表明作者的態(tài)度立場；說明文，因為其體裁的客觀性，所以作者往往采取中立態(tài)度；記敘文，作者往往不直接提出文章觀點，而且作者寫作時也常常帶有某種傾向性，所以我們在讀這種體裁的文章時，要細(xì)心捕捉表達(dá)或暗示情感態(tài)度的單詞或短語。學(xué)會區(qū)分不同的觀點，尤其要善于找出作者的觀點。我們要注意文中出現(xiàn)的直接引語和間接引語。如第四小題，根據(jù)最后一段中SpeakingtoCambridgeIndependent,NoamSlonim,theproject'sleadengineer,said,“TheAIisnotperfect,butit'sgoingintherightdirection.”可知該項目的首席工程師NoamSlonim在接受《劍橋獨立報》采訪時表示：“人工智能并不完美，但它正朝著正確的方向前進(jìn)?！庇纱丝赏浦?，NoamSlonim對于人工智能的態(tài)度是支持的。故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Telecommuting(alsoknownasworkingfromhome,ore-commuting)isaworkarrangementinwhichtheemployeeworksoutsidetheoffice,oftenworkingfromhomeoralocationclosetohome.16Doctors,dentists,andcountlessotherhealthcareworkersoftheworldwillalwaysneedtobehands-onwithpatients,justas：17Scientistsneedtobeinlabs.Theexistenceoftelecommutingmusthaveitsbenefitsandappropriatepopulation.Morefreedom.Telecommutingallowsaworkergreaterfreedomregardingherorhisworkhoursandworklocation.Itgivestheemployeemoreflexibilitytobalanceworkandpersonalobligations.Productivity.Workingfromhomecanmakeyoumoreproductive,becauseyoudonothavethedistractions(分心)ofofficespace.18Sometimesyoumightbeeasilydistractedbyhomeappliancessuchaswashingmachines,oryouactuallyneedsupervisionfromyourbosstoconcentrateonyourwork.Employees'welfare.Allowingworkerstotelecommuteoftenmakesthemmoreproductive.19Tele—commutersarealsolikelytobehappierintheirjobsandarethereforemorelikelytostaywiththecompany.Telecommutingevensavescompaniesmoneyinofficeexpenses(suchasrentandstationery).20Somepeoplealsofindworkingfromhometobeabitisolating,becauseyouarenotaroundyourcoworkers.Thosewhoenjoyteamworkmaylosetheiropportunitytobondwithcolleaguesbyteleconferencingalone.Youshouldcomeupwithastrategicplanifyouwanttoaskyouremployerifyoucantelecommute.Mentalhealthissues.Cooperationwithworkers.Thatcanbenefitthecompany.Ofcourse,thisisnotnecessarilytrue.Youneedtofindaproductiveplacetodowork.Constructionworkersneedtobeonbuildingsites.However,manyjobsarenotsuitedtoremotework.【答案】16.G17.F18.D19.C20.A【解析】這是一篇說明文。遠(yuǎn)程辦公，也稱為在家工作，或電子通勤，是一種工作安排，員工在辦公室外工作，經(jīng)常在家或離家近的地方工作。文章說明了一些不能夠通過遠(yuǎn)程辦公進(jìn)行的職業(yè)以及遠(yuǎn)程辦公的優(yōu)勢。【16題詳解】根據(jù)后文Doctors,dentists,andcountlessotherhealthcareworkersoftheworldwillalwaysneedtobehands-onwithpatients可知醫(yī)生、牙醫(yī)和世界上無數(shù)的醫(yī)療工作者總是需要親自與病人打交道。由此可知，并不是所有的工作都適合遠(yuǎn)程工作。故G選項“然而，許多工作并不適合遠(yuǎn)程工作”符合上下文語境，故選G。【17題詳解】根據(jù)下文》Scientistsneedtobeinlabs.可知?科學(xué)家需要呆在實驗室里。由此可知，此處在列舉必須在工作場所進(jìn)行工作的職業(yè)，故F選項“建筑工人需要在建筑工地工作”符合上下文語境，故選F。【18題詳解】根據(jù)后文Sometimesyoumightbeeasilydistractedbyhomappliancessuchaswashingmachines,oryouactuallyneedsupervisionfromyourbosstoconcentrateonyourwork.可知有時你可能很容易被洗衣機(jī)等家用電器分散注意力，或者你實際上需要老板的監(jiān)督才能專心工作。由此可知，上文中提到的“在家辦公可以讓你更有效率”并不一定是真的。故D選項“當(dāng)然，這并不一定是真的”符合上下文語境，故選D?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)后文Tele-commutersarealsolikelytobehappierintheirjobsandarethereforemorelikelytostaywiththecompany.Telecommutingevensavescompaniesmoneyinofficeexpenses(suchasrentandstationery).可知遠(yuǎn)程通勤者也可能對工作更滿意，因此更有可能留在公司。遠(yuǎn)程辦公甚至可以節(jié)省公司的辦公費用(如租金和辦公用具)。由此可知，此處是在說明遠(yuǎn)程工作對于公司的好處。故C選項“這對公司有利”符合上下文語境，故選C?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)后文Somepeoplealsofindworkingfromhometobeabitisolating,becauseyouarenotaroundyourcoworkers.Thosewhoenjoyteamworkmaylosetheiropportunitytobondwithcolleaguesbyteleconferencingalone.可知有些人還覺得在家工作有點孤立，因為你不在同事身邊。那些喜歡團(tuán)隊合作的人可能會因為單獨的電話會議而失去與同事建立聯(lián)系的機(jī)會。由此可知，本段是在說明對于那些喜歡團(tuán)隊合作的人來說，可能會感覺遠(yuǎn)程工作會讓他們失去與同事建立聯(lián)系的機(jī)會，從而可能會導(dǎo)致員工感覺孤立的心理健康問題。故A選項“心理健康問題”符合上下文語境，故選A。第三部分語言知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。SinceIwasyoung,I'venoticed21inpeople'shairstyles,clothes,facialexpressions,behaviors.IlikenoticingtheworldaroundmeandI22thepowerofpayingattention.Igrewuponourfamilyfarm.Mygrandpaalwayshadaneyeonthesky,23一thecloudsandtheirvariouscolors.Heknewwhenthesoybeansgotthe24_ofbrownpaperbagsitwastimeto25.Farmingisaboutnoticingandpayingattention.Mymotherandgrandmother26everythingfromcurtainstoclothes.Mymothermadequiteafewofmy27andherpatternworkwasso28.MyAuntBeckyknitsocksandsweaters.Thepatternslookedlikeaforeignlanguagetome,buttheywereroadmapsshefollowed29.Ifshenoticeda30stitch（針），shewouldfollowseriously31.Thewomeninmyfamilypracticeddemandingcrafts,requiringprecisionandaneyefor32,attentiontocolorcombinations,aloveofa33world.Noticingwasall34_me.Itwastheclothesonmybody,the_35inthefields,andthecloudsinthesky.I'mteachinghowtowriteandseeingdetailsismyjob.Nothingistoosmallto36.Payingattentionismyoccupation.Throughpayingattentiontomy37carefully,Icangettoknowmoreaboutthemthanbefore.SoifInoticethattheireyeslook38insteadofbright,Iwillknow39.Theworldismadeupofonedetailafteranother,andbyopeningmyeyestoeachofthem,Icanseetheworldmuchmore40,muchmorebroadly.21.A.decorationsB.inventionsC.figuresD.changes22.A.believeinB.thinkofC.talkaboutD.laughat23.A.introducingB.complainingC.interpretingD.painting24.A.shapeB.colorC.weightD.size

25.A.growB.waterC.weedD.harvest26.A.sewedB.boughtC.showedD.designed27.A.bagsB.bedsC.clothesD.books28.A.quietB.preciseC.simpleD.patient29.A.badlyB.carelesslyC.rudelyD.seriously30.A.droppedB.brokenC.sharpenedD.shortened31.A.yetB.tooC.againD.though32.A.newsB.skyC.detailD.money33.A.patternedB.wanderingC.roughD.simple34.A.forB.aroundC.likeD.over35.A.farmersB.workersC.fruitsD.crops36.A.hearB.ignoreC.concernD.share37.A.parentsB.colleaguesC.neighborsD.students38.A.bigB.dullC.openD.clever39.A.whatB.howC.whyD.which40.A.clearlyB.bravelyC.hopefullyD.easily【答案】21.D22.A23.C24.B25.D26.A27.C28.B29.D30.A31.C32C33.A34.B35.D36.B37.D38.B39.C40.A【解析】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者從的小時候開始，我就注意到人們的發(fā)型，衣著，面部表情，行為的變化。家中的爺爺靠觀察天空和豆子的顏色來判斷是否到了收獲的季節(jié)，母親和祖母甚至阿姨也因為對花樣的關(guān)注來縫制精美的衣服。作者相信關(guān)注周圍的世界，相信關(guān)注的力量【21題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：從我的小時候開始，我就注意到人們的發(fā)型、衣服、面部表情和行為的變化。A.decorations裝飾；B.inventions發(fā)明；C.figures人物；D.changes改變。結(jié)合后文Ilikenoticingtheworldaround可知作者喜歡觀察周圍的世界，因此此處指注意到人們的發(fā)型、衣服、面部表情和行為的變化。故選D。【22題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：我喜歡關(guān)注我周圍的世界，我相信關(guān)注的力量。A.believein相信；B.thinkof記起；C.talkabout談?wù)?；D.laughat嘲笑。承接上文Ilikenoticingtheworldaroundme作者喜歡關(guān)注周圍的世界，因此相信關(guān)注的力量。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我爺爺總是盯著天空，解讀云彩和它們的各種顏色。A.introducing介紹；B.complaining抱怨；C.interpreting解讀，翻譯；D.painting繪畫。結(jié)合后文thecloudsandtheirvariouscolors理解為“解讀云彩和它們的各種顏色”更為合適。interpret此處理解為“解讀”。其它選項不符合語境。故選C?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他知道當(dāng)大豆變成棕色紙袋的顏色時，就是收獲的時候了。A.shape形狀；B.color顏色；C.weight重量；D.size尺寸。根據(jù)后文ofbrownpaperbags可知是變成棕色紙袋的顏色。故選B。【25題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他知道當(dāng)大豆變成棕色紙袋的顏色時，就是收獲的時候了。A.grow生長；B.water水；C.weed野草；D.harvest收獲，收割。根據(jù)常識可以判斷出，大豆變成了棕色是到了收獲的時候了。其它選項不符合語境。故選D?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：從窗簾到衣服，我的母親和祖母什么都縫。A.sewed縫；B.bought購買；C.showed展示；D.designed設(shè)計。結(jié)合后文母親給作者做衣服可知，此處指母親和祖母什么都縫。故選A。【27題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我母親給我做了好幾件衣服，她的花樣做得非常精細(xì)。A.bags包；beds床；C.clothes衣服；D.books書。承接上文fromcurtainstoclothes.可知母親給作者做了好幾件衣服。故選C?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我母親給我做了好幾件衣服，她的花樣做得非常精細(xì)oA.quiet安靜的；B.precise精確的，精密的；C.simple簡單的；D.patient耐心的。根據(jù)后文theywereroadmapsshefollowed可知這些花