小升初名詞專題及練習及易錯題

小升初名詞專題及練習及易錯題小升初名詞專題及練習及易錯題小升初名詞專題及練習及易錯題xxx公司小升初名詞專題及練習及易錯題文件編號：文件日期：修訂次數(shù)：第1.0次更改批準審核制定方案設(shè)計，管理制度名詞一．教學內(nèi)容1．復習上節(jié)課的內(nèi)容，鞏固上節(jié)課的重難點2．講解新課內(nèi)容A.名詞的定義名詞是表示人、事、物、地點以及抽象概念的詞Linda琳達boy男孩dog狗table桌子park公園Paris巴黎peace和平courage勇氣B．名詞的分類總的來說，英語中的名詞可以分為專有名詞和普通名詞兩類專業(yè)名詞人名、星期、月份、節(jié)日、城市、建筑、團體、機構(gòu)的名稱等Peter,SonwWhite,Sunday,April,ChristmasDay,China,London,theUnitedNations聯(lián)合國，theCommunistPartyofChina中國共產(chǎn)黨普通名詞可數(shù)名詞個體名詞doctor醫(yī)生，teacher老師，orange桔子，desk課桌集合名詞police警察，people人民，family家庭，army軍隊，class同學不可數(shù)名詞抽象名詞time時間fun玩笑，kindness善意，idea主意，knowledge知識youth青春，love愛，物質(zhì)名詞rice大米，water水，fire火，air空氣C.名詞的數(shù)可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞：可數(shù)名詞由單數(shù)變?yōu)閺蛿?shù)形式，其構(gòu)成方法分為規(guī)則和不規(guī)則兩種可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)變化規(guī)則一般名詞復數(shù)構(gòu)成法構(gòu)成法例詞一般情況下，在名詞單數(shù)形式的詞尾加sbook-books,day-days,desk-desks以-s,-x,，-ch，-sh，結(jié)尾的名詞，在詞尾加esclass-classes,box-boxes,match-matches,wish-wishes以輔音字母加-y結(jié)尾的名詞，將y變成i后加es以元音字母+y結(jié)尾的名詞，直接+scity-cities,country-countries,factory-factoriesboy-boys,key-keys,guy-guys以-f或-fe結(jié)尾的名詞，一般將f或fe變成v后，再加esleaf-leaves,wife-wives,life-lives,thief-thieves,knife-knives,half-halves,shelf-shelves以輔音字母加o結(jié)尾的名詞，一般在詞尾加eshero-heroes,Negro-Negroes,potato-potatoes,tomato-tomatoes，zoo-zoos,radio-rodios,photo–photos名詞復數(shù)的不規(guī)則變化某些名詞的不規(guī)則復數(shù)形式構(gòu)成法構(gòu)成法例詞變內(nèi)部元音foot—feet，man—mentooth—teeth，woman—women,policewoman—policewomen單復數(shù)同形fish-fish,deer-deer,sheep-sheep,Chinese-ChineseJapannese-Japanese,Swiss,yuan完全不規(guī)則child-children,mouse-mice,ox-oxen復合名詞主要詞改復數(shù)boystudent-boysstudents含man和woman的前后兩個詞都改復數(shù)mandoctor–mendoctorswomanteacher–womenteachers注：有些詞只有復數(shù)形式某些通常以復數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)的名詞。如：trousers，glasses(眼鏡),shoes等。不可數(shù)名詞：英文中的不可數(shù)名詞不易把握，我們不能按照漢語的思維去判斷一個名詞到底是可數(shù)還是不可數(shù)，因此，對于不可數(shù)名詞需要強化記憶，但總的來講不可數(shù)名詞是有規(guī)律的；物質(zhì)名詞和抽象名詞是不可數(shù)名詞，表示不可以計數(shù)的事物的名詞叫不可數(shù)名詞，一般不分單數(shù)和復數(shù)，這類詞通常不可以和不定冠詞連接，也不可以加上基數(shù)詞表示個數(shù)，因此，不可數(shù)名詞要計量的話，就得用單位詞，學過的不可數(shù)名詞有：news，paper，milk，orange（桔子汁），bread，chalk，truth，water，rice，work，housework，homework，luck，ink，meat，money，sugar，grass，ice等等。1物質(zhì)名詞通常不可數(shù)液體beer,blood,coffee,cream,honey,juice,milk,oil,tea,water,wine固體：bread,butter,cheese,ice,ice-cream,meat,beef,chicken,fish氣體：air,fog,smoke2抽象名詞通常不可數(shù)advice,anger,beauty,confidence,fun,happiness,health,information,love,peace,luck3總稱的名詞通常不可數(shù)總稱名詞（不可數(shù)）部分名詞（可數(shù)）furniture(家具)chair,table,bedfruit(水果)apple,orange,bananajewelry(珠寶)ring(戒指)，earring（耳環(huán)）necklace（項鏈）luggagebag(包)suitcase（手提箱）4不可數(shù)名詞的度量1）不可數(shù)名詞前面不能加冠詞a/an如:awater,abread,anadvice,afurniture2)不可數(shù)名詞沒有復數(shù)形式如：twowaters,twobreads，tenadvices3)表示不可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量，可以借用量詞（單位詞）來表示其量的概念;不同類型的不可數(shù)名詞所使用的量詞也不一樣，一般規(guī)則如下：修飾詞例詞短語用piece，bit修飾的抽象名詞，物質(zhì)名詞Advice/cake／chalk／ice／meat／music／news／paper／work／sugar；abitofbread／grass／news／trouble／wood/furniture/information,apieceofnews,twopiecesofnews,severalpiecesoffurniture用bottle,cup,drop,glass修飾液體beer,blood,coffee,milk,tea,water,wineseveraldropsofblood,aglassofmilk,twocupsofcoffeeE.名詞的所有格名詞中表示所有關(guān)系的形式叫名詞所有格。在表示人或物品的所屬關(guān)系時，就需要用到名詞所有格。所有格有兩種形式：一種是-’s格，即在名詞后面加-’s,多用來修飾有生命的東西；另一種是of格，即在介詞of后面加名詞，多用來修飾沒有生命的東西例如：Whereistheteacher'soffice中的teacher's一詞。⑴-’s格情況改法例子一般情況名詞的末尾加-’sLily’sroom,thegirl’sfather以-s結(jié)尾的復數(shù)名詞名詞的末尾加-’Teachers’Day復數(shù)名詞不以s結(jié)尾加’s名詞的末尾加-’sChildren’sDay擁有東西時幾個人共同擁有在最后一個人名加-’sJimandKate’skite（兩人共同擁有的）分別擁有在每個人名后加-’sJim’sandkate’skite（各自擁有）表示店鋪或某人的家所有格-’s后面通常不出現(xiàn)它所修飾的名詞，名詞所有格直接表示具體的意義Thebarber’s理發(fā)店TheWhites’懷特家（2）0f格名詞代表的事物是沒有生命，常用of組成的短語表示所有格，如：thecolourofthedesk,apictureofacat，thefirstlessonofthisterm名詞考點分析：考點一：名詞的復數(shù)例題寫出下列單詞的復數(shù)形式mouth_______boy_______Englishman__________wife_________story_______piano________box_________potato_________考點二：名詞的復數(shù)在句中的應(yīng)用areyour_______.AappleBbooksCpen2.Thisisa______.AwomenBmanCmen!Therearesome______(sheep)and_____(fox)inthezoo.舉一反三練習一用所給單詞的適當形式填空1.The______(child)aretalkingtotheirteacher.2.Inthepast,noneofthebusdriverswere_______(woman)3.Theseare_______(boy)names.4.Theyare______(woman)doctors.5.Theyarefrom_______(Japanese).二單詞選擇1．Weare____andwespeak______.AChinese,ChineseBChinese,ChinaCChina,ChineseDChinese,Chinese2.---Who’sthat_____---He’smybrother.AmanBwomanCmenDwomen3.Thosegirlsare______.AAmericansBanAmericanCAmericasDAmerican4.Iwantthree____andfour_____milk,please.Abags,bottleBbag,bottleofCbags,bottleofDbags,bottlesof5.Idon’thaveany_____,butIhavesome_____.Aapple,juiceBapple,juicesCapples,juiceDapples,juices名詞練習按要求寫出下列單詞的復數(shù)形式1man_______2woman_________3banana_______4bus_______5child_______6foot______7businessman___________8sheep_________9leaf________10dish______11pen________12deer_______13baby_______14map_______15city_______16box________17book________18class_______19hero_________20knife_________21car_______22fox_______23watch________24library_______25pear_______26skirt________27shelf________28cinema_________29eye_________30office________31tomato_________32tooth_________33radio________34zoo________下列名詞有沒有復數(shù)形式，有的請在橫線上寫出來，沒有的請在橫線上畫“/”1.mokey_______2.class_______3.cola_________4.shelf_________5.rice________6.nurse_________7.peach________8.library________9.dog________10.milk_________11.dress________12.postman__________13.tooth__________12.sister_________15.sheep_________16.cinema___________17.dish___________18.wall___________19.child__________20.bread___________選擇正確的詞填空1Thosehamburgersare_________(Tom,Tom’s).2Ninaisat______(grandma’s,grandma),shewentthereyesterday.3Wehave16new______(light,lights).4_________________(Theclassroom’sdoor,Thedooroftheclassroom)isbroken.5MyfriendEdwardhasthree_________(child,children).6Doyoulikeeating_________(rice,rices)7Therere4________(tea,cupsoftea)onthedesk.8Howmany________(wolfs,wolves)arethere9Ilike_______(chicken,chickens)betterthanpork.下列名詞的正確形式填空。this__________(apple)No,itisn’t.aretheseTheyare________(orange).me_________(pencil).mesome_________(egg).,please.thoseyour_______(shoe)Yes,theyare.shoesare_______(Tom).thebig_____________（orange）Linda’s__________(T-shirt)isbig.many_________(fish)arethereintheriverhavesomenew_________（hat）.pig’s______(ear)arebig.選擇題(

)1．Thegirls’________areLilyandLucy．

A．name

B．names

C．names’

(

)2．Isthat________

inEnglish？

A．a(chǎn)car

B．car

C.cars

(

)3．Howmany________canyousee？

A．a(chǎn)colour

B．colour

C．colours

(

)4．Ihavethree________.

A.asister

B.sisters

C.sister

(

)5．One，two，three???five.Five_________.

A.monkey

B.monkeies

C.monkeys

(

)6.Areyoua________

A.boy

B.bogs

C.pen

(

)7．Thisisa_________.

A．box

B.bags

C．boys

(

)8．Sheisagood_________.

A．teachers

B．teacher

C．boy

(

)9．Theyare_________．

A．woman

B．womans

C．women()10.Thereis_____onthetable.A.boxB.aboxC.boxes()11.Therearetwo______onthedesk.A.pencil-boxB.pencils-boxC.pencil-boxes()12.Howmany_____arethereintheroomA.girlsB.girlC.boyandgirls()13.Therearefive______intheclassroom.A.childrenB.childrensC.childs()14.Theyaren’tfromthesame______.A.faimilysB.familiesC.family()15.Theyarehaving______.A.aclassB.aEnglishclassC.Chinaclass（）16.AreTom’sChinese______newA.bookB.booksC.abook()17.The_______areinRoom304.A.studentB.astudentC.students()18.Thosenew_______areforyou.A.shirtsB.skirtC.shoe()19.The______hassomenicepictures.A.boysB.teachersC.child()20.The______aresinginginthehouse.A.womanB.womenC.man()21.Some_______areeatinggrassonthehill.A.sheepB.horesC.cow()22.Howmany______arethereintheboxA.knifeB.knifesC.knives()23.---Whose______isit---Maybeit’s_______.A.jackets,Tom’sB.jacket,Tom’C.jacket,Tom’s()24.Thosearethe______books.A.teachers’B.teachersC.teacher()25.There’realotofchildrenintheparkon_____Day.A.ChildrenB.Children’sC.Childrens’()26.It’s_____bedroom.A.AmyandAnna’sB.Amy’sandAnna’sC.AmyandAnna()27.Thatis______dog.A.Jack’sB.Jack’sC.Jack()28._______coatsareverynice.A.JimandTim’sB.Jim’sandTim’sC.JimandTim()29.September10this_______.A.Teacher’sDayB.Teachers’DayC.TeachersDay根據(jù)中文提示補全句子Whenyoufeelheadache,youmuststayinbedandtakesome_____________（藥）.Myfatherlikescollecting____________（郵票）.Many____________（孩子）likeanimalsandtoys.ThefirstthingIdointhemorningisbrushmy____