虛擬語氣課件

SubjunctiveMood虛擬語氣虛擬語氣(subjunctivemood),表示所說的話只是一種主觀的愿望,假想和建議等.1.虛擬語氣在非真實(shí)條件句中的應(yīng)用2.虛擬語氣在其它從句中的應(yīng)用3.小練習(xí)標(biāo)志性詞語：判斷虛擬語氣Ⅰ非真實(shí)條件句中謂語動(dòng)詞的形式

虛擬語氣在非真實(shí)條件句中的應(yīng)用時(shí)態(tài)If條件從句主句現(xiàn)在were型Should/wouldbe過去hadbeen型Should/wouldhavebeen將來shouldbe型were型weretoShould/wouldbe最基礎(chǔ)最重要Ⅳif的省略(1)在正式文體中，當(dāng)if條件句中含有助動(dòng)詞had,should或were時(shí)，可以省略if,而將had,should或were提到句首，從而構(gòu)成倒裝虛擬句.Eg:Hadsuchdisasteroccurred,thedamagewouldhavebeenincalculable.

Werehetotelluseverything,wewouldtrytosolvethisproblem.(2)如果if條件句是含not的否定句，省略if時(shí),not不能與助動(dòng)詞had,should或were同時(shí)提前。Eg:Haditnotbeenfortheirassistance,wecouldn’thavefinishedthetaskaheadoftime.Ⅰ虛擬語氣在表示命令，請(qǐng)求，建議等從句中的應(yīng)用

虛擬語氣可用于表示命令，請(qǐng)求，建議，愿望，要求等名詞性從句中，從句謂語形式是“should+動(dòng)詞原形”或“動(dòng)詞原形”（1）用于主語從句，其謂語用should+動(dòng)詞原形或只用動(dòng)詞原形。常用的形容詞和分詞有：essential,imperative,advisable,necessary,important,desirable,urgent,preferable,natural,suggested等。Eg:Itisnecessarythatyoushouldbepresentatthediscussion.Itwassuggestedthattheelectronicdevicebetestedatonce.虛擬語氣在其它從句中的應(yīng)用(2)用于賓語從句，一種是用做動(dòng)詞wish的賓語的從句，表示愿望，常省去連詞that。這種從句的謂語動(dòng)詞可用過去式，表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反；亦可用過去完成式，表示與過去事實(shí)相反。常用的動(dòng)詞有：advise,ask,command,decide,demand,desire,direct,insist,order,move,prefer,propose,recommend,request,require,suggest,urge等。Eg:Thelawyeraskedthatthecaseshouldbepostponedforonemonth.Thedetectiveinsistedthatheshouldhavealook.(3)表語從句或同位語從句在advice,command,demand,desire,idea,order,plan等名詞作主語的表語.從句或同位語從句中，謂語動(dòng)詞用shouldbe型或be型虛擬式。Eg:Thedoctor’sadviceisthatthepatientshouldbekeptquiet.Herejectedmyadvicethatheshouldmeetmyson.Ⅱ虛擬語氣在wish后從句中的應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞wish后所跟的賓語從句表示實(shí)現(xiàn)可能性極小或與事實(shí)相反的情況,從句用虛擬語氣.(1)表示與現(xiàn)在情況相反的愿望時(shí),句式為:主語+wish+(that)+賓語從句(謂語動(dòng)詞用一般過去時(shí))Eg:IwishIwereabird.IwishIcouldchangemyjob.(2)表示與過去情況相反的愿望時(shí),句式為:主語+wish+(that)賓語從句(謂語動(dòng)詞用過去完成時(shí)/could+現(xiàn)在完成時(shí))Eg:Iwishthathehadnotmadesomuchfussaboutit.

Ⅳ虛擬語氣在“It’s+about/hightime+從句”中的應(yīng)用在It’sabout/hightime+從句的結(jié)構(gòu)中,從句用一般過去時(shí)的虛擬語氣.Eg:“Youareveryselfish.It’shightimethatyourealizedthatyouarenotthemostimportantpersonintheworld.”Edgersaidtohisbossangrily.Itisabouttimethatwewenttoschool.Ⅲ虛擬語氣在ifonly感嘆句中的應(yīng)用Ifonly后面的句子用虛擬語氣,表示“但愿”,“要是…就好了”,其用法基本與wish相同.Eg:Ifonlyhehadfollowedyouradvice.Ifonlyshewouldcome.Ⅶ虛擬式動(dòng)詞原形用于獨(dú)立句中虛擬語氣用于表示祝愿,詛咒等意義的公式化的句子中,謂語動(dòng)詞為be虛擬式.Eg:Godblessyou.Longliveourmotherland.Thedeviltakeyou.Ⅷ

倒裝的讓步狀語從句中的虛擬語氣有些讓步狀語從句是倒裝句,這種倒裝句往往是一些公式化的句子,句中的謂語動(dòng)詞為be型虛擬式,或v.aux.+動(dòng)詞原形.Eg:SaywhatIwould,herefusedtogo.Bethatasitmay,weshouldstillhelphim.Heisinnocent,beheeversonaughty.1.“Howshouldthecityberun?”“IfI()amayor,Iwouldmakethestreetscleanerandhiremorepolicemen.”A.wouldB.wereC.wouldbeD.should2.Thingsmighthavebeenmuchworseifthemother()onherrighttokeepthebaby.A.hasbeeninsistingB.hadinsistedC.wouldinsistD.insisted3.Asafetyanalysis()thetargetasapotentialdanger.Unfortunately,itwasneverdone.A.wouldidentifyB.willidentifyC.wouldhaveidentifiedD.willhaveidentifiedBBCExercisesforyou4.Jackwishesthathe()businessinsteadofhistorywhenhewasinuniversity.

A.studiedB.study

C.hadbeenstudyingD.hadstudied

5.Wouldn’tyouratheryourchild()tobedearly?

A.goB.wen