2021～2022學(xué)年新教材高中英語課時(shí)素養(yǎng)檢測(cè)十七Unit4NaturalDisastersPeriod1【含答案】

課時(shí)素養(yǎng)檢測(cè)十七Unit4Period1Ⅰ.閱讀理解Asweknow,earthquakescanbringpeoplemuchfear.Therearesomeplacesthathavefewornoearthquakes.Mostplacesintheworld,however,havethemregularly.Countriesthathavealotofearthquakesareusuallyquitemountainous.ThemosttalkedaboutearthquakeintheUnitedStateswasinSanFranciscoin1906.Over700peoplediedinit.ThestrongestoneinNorthAmericawasin1964.IthappenedinAlaska.Strongearthquakesarenotalwaystheonesthatkillthemostpeople.In1755,oneofthestrongestearthquakeseverrecordedwasinPortugal.Around2,000peopledied.In1923,averystrongearthquakehitTokyo,YokohamaareaofJapan.Ahundredandfortythousandpeopledied.Mostofthemdiedinfireswhichfollowedtheearthquake.OneoftheworstearthquakeseverwasinChinain2008.Itkilledalargenumberofpeople.TheworstearthquakeeverrecordedwasalsoinChina,inwhich400,000peoplewerekilledorinjured.Thisearthquakehappenedin1556.Earthquakesworrypeoplealot.Thereasonisthatweoftendonotknowwhentheyarecoming.Peoplecannotprepareforearthquakes.【語篇概述】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了歷史上發(fā)生在世界范圍內(nèi)破壞程度嚴(yán)重的幾次地震。1.Earthquakeshappen______.

A.regularlyinmostplacesintheworldB.inalltheplacesintheworldC.onlyinafewplacesalongthecoastD.onlyinthecountriesthathavealotofmountains選A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段“Mostplacesintheworld,however,havethemregularly.”可知,然而,世界上大多數(shù)地方都經(jīng)常發(fā)生地震。所以地震經(jīng)常發(fā)生在世界上大多數(shù)的地方。2.Whenandwherewastheworstearthquakeeverreported?A.In1964inAlaska. B.In1556inChina.C.In1923inJapan. D.In2008inChina.選B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由倒數(shù)第二段“Theworstearthquakeeverrecorded...happenedin1556.”可知,有史以來被記載的最嚴(yán)重的地震發(fā)生在中國(guó),有40萬人死亡或受傷。這次地震發(fā)生在1556年。3.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.Earthquakescancausefires.B.Earthquakesoftencomeunexpectedly.C.Thestrongertheearthquakeis,themorepeoplearekilled.D.Peoplestilldon’tknowhowtotellwhenanearthquakewillcome.選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段“Strongearthquakesarenotalwaystheonesthatkillthemostpeople.”可知,強(qiáng)烈地震并非總是造成最多人死亡。所以地震越強(qiáng)烈,死亡的人就越多的說法錯(cuò)誤。4.Whatmaybetalkedaboutintheseventhparagraph?A.Howdoearthquakeshappen?B.Howdoearthquakesworrypeople?C.Howcanwesavepeoplewhenearthquakeshappen?D.Whatwillpeopledotoprepareforearthquakes?選D。推理判斷題。由最后一段中“Earthquakesworrypeoplealot.Thereasonisthat...cannotprepareforearthquakes.”可知,地震讓人們非常擔(dān)心。原因是我們經(jīng)常不知道地震什么時(shí)候發(fā)生。人們無法為地震做準(zhǔn)備。那么在第七段就要向人們科普一下人們將為地震做什么準(zhǔn)備。Ⅱ.閱讀填句根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)是多余選項(xiàng)。Earthquakecanstrikewithoutwarning.Butmanyinjuriesanddeathsfromthiskindofnaturaldisastercanbepreventedifpeoplefollowthesesafetytips.Ifyou’reinsideabuilding,staythere!Oneofthemostdangerousthingstodoinanearthquakeistrytoleaveabuilding.1Droptotheground.Getunderanobject(物體)thatisnoteasilydamaged.Holdontoituntiltheshakingstops.Youcanalsogettoacornerformedbytwowallswithyourarmsoveryourhand.Ifyou’reinbedwhenthequakehits,staythereandprotectyourheadwithapillow.

2Don’ttakeshelterunderatree,streetlights,electricpolesortallbuildings.Ifyouaredriving,stopasquicklyaspossibleandstayawayfromoverpasses(立交橋),buildings,bridgesoranythingelsethatmightfallorcollapsebeneathyou.3

Ifyouaretrappedinruins,coveryourmouthwithahandkerchieforapieceofclothing.Useyourcellphonetocallforhelpifpossible.Don’tshout.4Tap(敲)onapipeorthewallsorescuerscanfindyou.

Bepreparedforaftershocks.5However,sometimestheyevenhappenmonthslater.Therefore,ifyouarenotinasafeposition(位置)afterthefirstshock,youshouldmovequicklybutcarefullytoasaferplace.

A.Don’tmoveaboutorkickupdust.B.Ifyou’reoutside,gotoanopence.C.Shoutingcancauseyoutobreatheindust.D.Don’tparkyourcarunderatreeoranytallobject.E.Takeagoodholdofyourcellphoneinthebuilding.F.Theycanhappeninthefirsthoursaftertheearthquake.G.Mostinjurieshappenwhenpeopleinsidebuildingstrytogoout.【語篇概述】本文主要講述了為了預(yù)防像地震這樣的自然災(zāi)害所造成的傷害和死亡,人們應(yīng)該遵守的一些安全提示。1.選G。根據(jù)空前的句子Ifyou’reinsideabuilding,staythere!Oneofthemostdangerousthingstodoinanearthquakeistrytoleaveabuilding可知G項(xiàng)正好有和上句相對(duì)應(yīng)的關(guān)鍵詞peopleinsidebuildingstrytogoout,而且G項(xiàng)的意思“當(dāng)樓里的人們盡力出去的時(shí)候,大多數(shù)的傷亡就會(huì)發(fā)生?！背薪由暇洹９蔬xG。2.選B。根據(jù)空后的這段描述可知本段主要講的是“如果你在外面,你就要到一個(gè)開闊的地方”。所以B項(xiàng)能概括本段的意思。故選B。3.選D。因D項(xiàng)有與本段上文相同的句式結(jié)構(gòu)(即Don’t...),且其意思“不要把車停在樹下或任何一個(gè)高的物體之下”是補(bǔ)全本段主題的其他細(xì)節(jié),承接上文。故選D。4.選C。根據(jù)空前句子Don’tshout可知,C項(xiàng)中有與它相對(duì)應(yīng)的關(guān)鍵詞“shouting”,且其意思“大喊會(huì)使你吸入灰塵”正好承接上句。故選C。5.選F。根據(jù)空前本段的主題句Bepreparedforaftershocks和空后的描述可知F項(xiàng)正好是說明這個(gè)主題的細(xì)節(jié),而且句意“余震在地震后的最初幾個(gè)小時(shí)里就可能發(fā)生?！迸c空后的句子構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。所以F項(xiàng)承接上下文。故選F。閱讀理解PerhapsnooneknowsthepowerofimaginationbetterthanChinesewriterLiuCixin.Untilfiveyearsago,Liuworkedfull-timeasacomputerengineeratapowerplantinShanxiprovince.Heonlywrotesciencefictioninhisretime.ButitwasduringthistimethatLiu’simaginationtookflight.Hedidwhathemightneverhavethechancetodoinreallife—wanderince,fightwithaliens,andvisitplanetslight-yearsaway.Butevenwithsuchapowerfulimagination,Liu,probablyhadn’texpectedthathewouldbecomethefirstAsiantowintheHugoAward,sciencefiction’shighestprize,in2015.PerhapsneitherdidhethinkthatformerUSpresidentBarackObamawouldreadhisnovelTheThreeBodyProblem,northatonNov.9inWashingtonInhisacceptancespeech,LiusaidthatheowedhisimaginationtoArthurC.Clarke(1917—2008),afamousUKsci-fiauthor.HesaidthatreadingClarke’s1968classicnovel2001:AceOdysseyintheearly1980shadagreateffectonhim.“Mymindopeneduplikeneverbefore.Ifeltlikeanarrowriverfinallyseeingthesea,”Liusaid.“Thatnight,inmyeyes,thestarryskywascompletelydifferentfromthepast.Forthefirsttimeinmylife,Iwasawed(使……敬畏)bythemysteryoftheuniverse.”ButnomatterhowfarawayLiu’simaginationtakeshim,somehowhisnovelsalwaysstayrational.InTheThreeBodyProblem,forexample,LiutellsataleofaliensinvadingEarth.Butunlikeotheralienstories,Liutalksmoreaboutrelationshipsbetweencivilizations,rulesofsurvival,andthemeaningsoflife.AndinTheWanderingEarth,Liulooksaheadtothedaywhenoursolarsystemcomestoanendandhumanshavetolookforanewplacetolive.However,allhisvisionsandsolutionsarebasedon“hardscience”.Liu’sworksaren’tsimplydaydreams.【語篇概述】本文是一篇人物傳記。文章講述的是劉慈欣的成就與寫作風(fēng)格。1.WhatdoweknowaboutLiuCixin?A.Hebecameafull-timewriterwhenhewasyoung.B.Hedreamedaboutwanderingincefromchildhood.C.HeisthefirstAsiantowintheArthurC.ClarkeAward.D.HeisthefirstChinesewinneroftheHugoAward.選D。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Butevenwithsuchapowerfulimagination...sciencefiction’shighestprize,in2015.”可推知,劉慈欣是第一位獲得雨果獎(jiǎng)的中國(guó)人。故選D。2.LiuCixin’swordsareusedmainlytoshow______.

A.hisinterestinmysteriesoftheuniverseB.hisfeelingafterreadingClarke’sworkC.hisloveofreadingsciencefictionD.hisconfusionwhenhestartedwriting選B。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Mymindopeneduplikeneverbefore...bythemysteryoftheuniverse.”可知,劉慈欣的話主要是表達(dá)自己在閱讀克拉克的作品后的感受。故選B。3.WhydidtheauthormentionTheThreeBodyProblemandTheWanderingEarth?A.Tocomparethedifferentwritingstylesinthetwobooks.B.ToexplainhowLiuCixincameupwithhisideas.C.ToprovethatLiuCixin’sworksrelatesciencetoreality.D.ToshowthatLiuCixinhasapowerfulimagination.選C。推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“However,allhisvisionsandsolutions...daydreams.”可知,作者提到TheThreeBodyProblem和TheWanderingEarth是為了證明劉慈欣的作品是科學(xué)與現(xiàn)實(shí)的結(jié)合。故選C。4.What’sthetextmainlyabout?A.LiuCixin’sachievementsandwritingstyle.B.LiuCixin’scontributionstosciencefiction.C.HowLiuCixinbecameasci-fiwriter.D.HowLiuCixinstartedanewsci-fistyle.選A。主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Perhapsnooneknowsthepowerofimagination...andvisitplanetslight-yearsaway.”可知,本文講述的是劉慈欣的成就與寫作風(fēng)格。故選A?！舅仞B(yǎng)培優(yōu)】結(jié)合上面的閱讀填句,給同學(xué)們一些防震抗災(zāi)的小提示,寫一篇80詞左右的短文。____________________________________________________________________________________________