單片機(jī)外文文獻(xiàn)翻譯

單片機(jī)外文文獻(xiàn)翻譯單片機(jī)外文文獻(xiàn)翻譯單片機(jī)外文文獻(xiàn)翻譯V:1.0精細(xì)整理，僅供參考單片機(jī)外文文獻(xiàn)翻譯日期：20xx年X月外文文獻(xiàn)一單片機(jī)簡(jiǎn)介單片機(jī)是一種集成在電路芯片，是采用超大規(guī)模集成電路技術(shù)把具有數(shù)據(jù)處理能力的中央處理器CPU隨機(jī)存儲(chǔ)器RAM、只讀存儲(chǔ)器ROM、多種I/O口和中斷系統(tǒng)、定時(shí)器/計(jì)時(shí)器等功能（可能還包括顯示驅(qū)動(dòng)電路、脈寬調(diào)制電路、模擬多路轉(zhuǎn)換器、A/D轉(zhuǎn)換器等電路）集成到一塊硅片上構(gòu)成的一個(gè)小而完善的計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng)。單片機(jī)也被稱(chēng)為微控制器（Microcontroller），是因?yàn)樗钤绫挥迷诠I(yè)控制領(lǐng)域。單片機(jī)由芯片內(nèi)僅有CPU的專(zhuān)用處理器發(fā)展而來(lái)。最早的設(shè)計(jì)理念是通過(guò)將大量外圍設(shè)備和CPU集成在一個(gè)芯片中，使計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng)更小，更容易集成進(jìn)復(fù)雜的而對(duì)體積要求嚴(yán)格的控制設(shè)備當(dāng)中。INTEL的Z80是最早按照這種思想設(shè)計(jì)出的處理器，從此以后，單片機(jī)和專(zhuān)用處理器的發(fā)展便分道揚(yáng)鑣。二、單片機(jī)的發(fā)展趨勢(shì) 現(xiàn)在可以說(shuō)單片機(jī)是百花齊放，百家爭(zhēng)鳴的時(shí)期，世界上各大芯片制造公司都推出了自己的單片機(jī)，從8位、16位到32位，數(shù)不勝數(shù)，應(yīng)有盡有，有與主流C51系列兼容的，也有不兼容的，但它們各具特色，互成互補(bǔ)，為單片機(jī)的應(yīng)用提供廣闊的天地?？v觀單片機(jī)的發(fā)展過(guò)程，可以預(yù)示單片機(jī)的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)，大致有：1.低功耗CMOSMCS-51系列的8031推出時(shí)的功耗達(dá)630mW，而現(xiàn)在的單片機(jī)普遍都在100mW左右，隨著對(duì)單片機(jī)功耗要求越來(lái)越低，現(xiàn)在的各個(gè)單片機(jī)制造商基本都采用了CMOS(互補(bǔ)金屬氧化物半導(dǎo)體工藝)。象80C51就采用了HMOS(即高密度金屬氧化物半導(dǎo)體工藝)和CHMOS(互補(bǔ)高密度金屬氧化物半導(dǎo)體工藝)。CMOS雖然功耗較低，但由于其物理特征決定其工作速度不夠高，而CHMOS則具備了高速和低功耗的特點(diǎn)，這些特征，更適合于在要求低功耗象電池供電的應(yīng)用場(chǎng)合。所以這種工藝將是今后一段時(shí)期單片機(jī)發(fā)展的主要途徑。2.微型單片化現(xiàn)在常規(guī)的單片機(jī)普遍都是將中央處理器(CPU)、隨機(jī)存取數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)(RAM)、只讀程序存儲(chǔ)器(ROM)、并行和串行通信接口，中斷系統(tǒng)、定時(shí)電路、時(shí)鐘電路集成在一塊單一的芯片上，增強(qiáng)型的單片機(jī)集成了如A/D轉(zhuǎn)換器、PMW(脈寬調(diào)制電路)、WDT(看門(mén)狗)、有些單片機(jī)將LCD(液晶)驅(qū)動(dòng)電路都集成在單一的芯片上，這樣單片機(jī)包含的單元電路就更多，功能就越強(qiáng)大。甚至單片機(jī)廠商還可以根據(jù)用戶的要求量身定做，制造出具有自己特色的單片機(jī)芯片。此外，現(xiàn)在的產(chǎn)品普遍要求體積小、重量輕，這就要求單片機(jī)除了功能強(qiáng)和功耗低外，還要求其體積要小?，F(xiàn)在的許多單片機(jī)都具有多種封裝形式，其中SMD(表面封裝)越來(lái)越受歡迎，使得由單片機(jī)構(gòu)成的系統(tǒng)正朝微型化方向發(fā)展。3.主流與多品種共存現(xiàn)在雖然單片機(jī)的品種繁多，各具特色，但仍以80C51為核心的單片機(jī)占主流，兼容其結(jié)構(gòu)和指令系統(tǒng)的有PHILIPS公司的產(chǎn)品，ATMEL公司的產(chǎn)品和中國(guó)臺(tái)灣的Winbond系列單片機(jī)。所以C8051為核心的單片機(jī)占據(jù)了半壁江山。而Microchip公司的PIC精簡(jiǎn)指令集(RISC)也有著強(qiáng)勁的發(fā)展勢(shì)頭，中國(guó)臺(tái)灣的HOLTEK公司近年的單片機(jī)產(chǎn)量與日俱增，與其低價(jià)質(zhì)優(yōu)的優(yōu)勢(shì)，占據(jù)一定的市場(chǎng)分額。此外還有MOTOROLA公司的產(chǎn)品，日本幾大公司的專(zhuān)用單片機(jī)。在一定的時(shí)期內(nèi)，這種情形將得以延續(xù)，將不存在某個(gè)單片機(jī)一統(tǒng)天下的壟斷局面，走的是依存互補(bǔ)，相輔相成、共同發(fā)展的道路。三、仿真器的發(fā)展縱觀國(guó)內(nèi)近二十年的仿真技術(shù)發(fā)展歷程，根據(jù)仿真器使用的技術(shù)來(lái)劃分，國(guó)內(nèi)仿真器的設(shè)計(jì)大約可以分成以下幾個(gè)時(shí)期：(1)70年代末期-80年代中期這個(gè)時(shí)期采用的技術(shù)主要是仿真開(kāi)發(fā)系統(tǒng)，現(xiàn)在看來(lái)技術(shù)含量不高，用戶要求也不高。(2)80年代末期-90年代末期這個(gè)時(shí)期主要使用華邦一顆帶有仿真功能的芯片制作，采用的技術(shù)叫做Bondout。采用這顆芯片能大大簡(jiǎn)化仿真器的設(shè)計(jì)，因此國(guó)內(nèi)仿真器的水準(zhǔn)有了大的提高，基本上可以不占用用戶資源。正是由于仿真性能的提高，國(guó)內(nèi)的仿真器制作在將近10年的時(shí)間內(nèi)沒(méi)有進(jìn)步，一直采用這種制作模式。雖然個(gè)別廠商也嘗試過(guò)別的技術(shù)來(lái)提高仿真水準(zhǔn)，例如HOOKS技術(shù)，但是由于本身技術(shù)的限制沒(méi)有成功。相反國(guó)外的仿真器較早地使用了HOOKS技術(shù)，在初期由于HOOKS技術(shù)本身的復(fù)雜性，仿真性能和價(jià)格不如國(guó)內(nèi)采用Bondout的仿真器。隨著IC技術(shù)的發(fā)展，國(guó)內(nèi)制作HOOKS技術(shù)的條件已經(jīng)成熟，但是國(guó)內(nèi)的幾家主要的生產(chǎn)廠商還陶醉于Bondout技術(shù)之中。(3)2000年開(kāi)始2000年是中國(guó)仿真器市場(chǎng)變化最大的時(shí)期，其中最引人注目的變化是華邦仿真芯片W78958的停產(chǎn)。華邦公司在設(shè)計(jì)W78958芯片時(shí)，其內(nèi)部的仿真功能只是為了仿真器廠商能制作仿真器以便更好的推廣W78958。但是經(jīng)過(guò)幾年的變化，W78958演變成為一顆仿真器上使用的仿真專(zhuān)用芯片而不是用戶使用的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)芯片，使用的范圍也僅限于國(guó)內(nèi)，一年不到20000只的用量也促使華邦公司在進(jìn)入2002年后宣布將停產(chǎn)該芯片。W78958停產(chǎn)以后，國(guó)內(nèi)仿真器廠商處于一個(gè)非常尷尬的局面。由于W78958在國(guó)內(nèi)使用了將近10年，國(guó)內(nèi)的用戶群非常龐大，這些用戶將無(wú)法得到持續(xù)的支持特別是維修方面。另外，國(guó)內(nèi)圍繞在W78958上所做的技術(shù)工作也無(wú)法得到延續(xù)和提高，很多業(yè)界人士認(rèn)為仿真器行業(yè)將面臨另起爐灶或重新洗牌的局面。HOOKS技術(shù)無(wú)疑是仿真器廠商在失去W78958后的替代品，但是由于沒(méi)有長(zhǎng)期跟蹤和關(guān)注，短期內(nèi)多數(shù)廠家無(wú)法將復(fù)雜的HOOKS技術(shù)應(yīng)用于成熟的產(chǎn)品中。專(zhuān)家們認(rèn)為仿真器廠家的整體轉(zhuǎn)型可能需要2－3年的周期，并且有相當(dāng)?shù)姆抡嫫鲝S家將會(huì)被淘汰，市場(chǎng)擁有量將主要集中在少數(shù)幾個(gè)仿真器廠家。隨著芯片廠家越來(lái)越多、資源越來(lái)越強(qiáng)，用甲廠芯片去仿真乙廠芯片的兼容仿真模式，存在資源覆蓋不全(如附加端口、附加外部中斷)、地址分布不同(如P4口)、操作方式不同(如EXTRAM、WTD)等缺點(diǎn)。用專(zhuān)用仿真芯片或Philips芯片去仿真20多個(gè)廠家的400多種芯片，所需的仿真頭越來(lái)越多，因此有了新一代專(zhuān)利技術(shù)的仿真器。但是新一代專(zhuān)利技術(shù)的仿真器卻使沒(méi)有什么經(jīng)濟(jì)能力的初學(xué)者無(wú)力購(gòu)買(mǎi)。四、以單片機(jī)為核心的嵌入式系統(tǒng)單片機(jī)的另外一個(gè)名稱(chēng)就是嵌入式微控制器，原因在于它可以嵌入到任何微型或小型儀器或設(shè)備中。目前，把單片機(jī)嵌入式系統(tǒng)和Internet連接已是一種趨勢(shì)。但是，Internet一向是一種采用肥服務(wù)器，瘦用戶機(jī)的技術(shù)。這種技術(shù)在互聯(lián)上存儲(chǔ)及訪問(wèn)大量數(shù)據(jù)是合適的，但對(duì)于控制嵌入式器件就成了"殺雞用牛刀"了。要實(shí)現(xiàn)嵌入式設(shè)備和Internet連接，就需要把傳統(tǒng)的Internet理論和嵌入式設(shè)備的實(shí)踐都顛倒過(guò)來(lái)。為了使復(fù)雜的或簡(jiǎn)單的嵌入式設(shè)備，例如單片機(jī)控制的機(jī)床、單片機(jī)控制的門(mén)鎖，能切實(shí)可行地和Internet連接，就要求專(zhuān)門(mén)為嵌入式微控制器設(shè)備設(shè)計(jì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)服務(wù)器，使嵌入式設(shè)備可以和Internet相連，并通過(guò)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)瀏覽器進(jìn)行過(guò)程控制。目前，為了把單片機(jī)為核心的嵌入式系統(tǒng)和Internet相連，已有多家公司在進(jìn)行這方面的較多研究。這方面較為典型的有emWare公司和TASKING公司。EmWare公司提出嵌入式系統(tǒng)入網(wǎng)的方案--EMIT技術(shù)。這個(gè)技術(shù)包括三個(gè)主要部分：即emMicro，emGateway和網(wǎng)絡(luò)瀏覽器。目前，單片機(jī)應(yīng)用中提出了一個(gè)新的問(wèn)題：這就是如何使8位、16位單片機(jī)控制的產(chǎn)品，也即嵌入式產(chǎn)品或設(shè)備能實(shí)現(xiàn)和互聯(lián)網(wǎng)互連TASKING公司目前正在為解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題提供了途徑。該公司已把emWare的EMIT軟件包和有關(guān)的軟件配套集成，形成一個(gè)集成開(kāi)發(fā)環(huán)境，向用戶提供開(kāi)發(fā)方便。五單片機(jī)應(yīng)用的可靠性技術(shù)發(fā)展在單片機(jī)應(yīng)用中，可靠性是首要因素為了擴(kuò)大單片機(jī)的應(yīng)用范圍和領(lǐng)域，提高單片機(jī)自身的可靠性是一種有效方法。近年來(lái)，單片機(jī)的生產(chǎn)廠家在單片機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)上采用了各種提高可靠性的新技術(shù)，這些新技術(shù)表現(xiàn)在如下幾點(diǎn)：1、EFT（EllectricalFastTransient）技術(shù)EFT技術(shù)是一種抗干擾技術(shù)，它是指在振蕩電路的正弦信號(hào)受到外界干擾時(shí)，其波形上會(huì)迭加各種毛刺信號(hào)，如果使用施密特電路對(duì)其整形，則毛刺會(huì)成為觸發(fā)信號(hào)干擾正常的時(shí)鐘，在交替使用施密特電路和RC濾波電路時(shí)，就可以消除這些毛否則令其作用失效，從而保證系統(tǒng)的時(shí)鐘信號(hào)正常工作。這樣，就提高了單片機(jī)工作的可靠性。Motorola公司的MC68HC08系列單片機(jī)就采用了這種技術(shù)。低噪聲布線技術(shù)及驅(qū)動(dòng)技術(shù)在傳統(tǒng)的單片機(jī)中，電源及地線是在集成電路外殼的對(duì)稱(chēng)引腳上，一般是在左上、右下或右上、左下的兩對(duì)對(duì)稱(chēng)點(diǎn)上。這樣，就使電源噪聲穿過(guò)整塊芯片，對(duì)單片機(jī)的內(nèi)部電路造成干擾?，F(xiàn)在，很多單片機(jī)都把地和電源引腳安排在兩條相鄰的引腳上。這樣，不僅降低了穿過(guò)整個(gè)芯片的電流，另外還在印制電路板上容易布置去耦電容，從而降低系統(tǒng)的噪聲。現(xiàn)在為了適應(yīng)各種應(yīng)用的需要，很多單片機(jī)的輸出能力都有了很大提高，Motorola公司的單片機(jī)I/O口的灌拉電流可達(dá)8mA以上，而Microchip公司的單片機(jī)可達(dá)25mA。其它公司：AMD，F(xiàn)ujitsu，NEC，Infineon，Hitachi，Ateml，Tosbiba等基本上可達(dá)8～20mA的水平。這些電流較大的驅(qū)動(dòng)電路集成到芯片內(nèi)部在工作時(shí)帶來(lái)了各種噪聲，為了減少這種影響，現(xiàn)在單片機(jī)采用多個(gè)小管子并聯(lián)等效一個(gè)大管子的方法，并在每個(gè)小管子的輸出端串上不同等效阻值的電阻，以降低di/dt，這也就是所謂"跳變沿軟化技術(shù)"，從而消除大電流瞬變時(shí)產(chǎn)生的噪聲。2、采用低頻時(shí)鐘高頻外時(shí)鐘是噪聲源之一，不僅能對(duì)單片機(jī)應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)產(chǎn)生干擾，還會(huì)對(duì)外界電路產(chǎn)生干擾，令電磁兼容性不能滿足要求。對(duì)于要求可靠性較高的系統(tǒng)，低頻外時(shí)鐘有利于降低系統(tǒng)的噪聲。在一些單片機(jī)中采用內(nèi)部瑣相環(huán)技術(shù)，則在外部時(shí)鐘較低時(shí)，也能產(chǎn)生較高的內(nèi)部總線速度，從而保證了速度又降低了噪聲。Motorola公司的MC68HC08系列及其16/32位單片機(jī)就采用了這種技術(shù)以提高可靠性Foreigndocuments一MicrocontrollerintroductionSCMisAkindofintegratedcircuitchips,istouseverylargescaleintegratedcircuittechnologyhastheabilitytohandledataCPUCPU,RAMrandomaccessmemoryreadonlymemoryROM,AvarietyofI/Omouthandinterruptsystem,timer/timerfunction(mayincludedisplaydrivercircuit,pulsewidthmodulationcircuit,simulationwaymoreconverter,A/Dconvertercircuits,etc)integratedintooneoftheseformsofAsmallandperfectcomputersystem.SCMisalsocalledmicrocontroller(Microcontroller),becauseitwasthefirstusedintheindustrialcontrolarea.BychipmicrocontrollerwithintheCPUonlydedicatedprocessor.ThefirstdesignconceptisthroughthehugeamountsofperipheralandCPUintegrationinachip,makethecomputersystemmoresmall,moreeasilyintegratedintothecomplexanddemandingtovolumecontrolofequipment.TheINTELZ80istheearliestaccordingtothisdesignthoughtoftheprocessor,andfromthenon,SCManddedicatedprocessordevelopmentandseparate.二ThedevelopmenttrendofthesinglechipmicrocomputerNowcansayMCUisletflowersblossomandschoolsofthoughtcontendperiod,theworldeachbigchipmanufacturingcompanieshavelaunchedtheirownmicrocontroller,from8bits,16to32bit,countless,everything,andthemainstreamC51seriescompatible,alsohavecompatible,buttheyhavetheirspecialfeatures,complementarytoeachother,fortheapplicationofthesinglechipmicrocomputerprovidevastheavenandearth.Throughoutthedevelopmentprocessofsinglechipmicrocomputer,predictsthedevelopmenttrendofthesinglechipmicrocomputer,roughly:1．LowpowerconsumptionCMOSMCS-51seriesof8031whenthepowerconsumptionofthelaunchofthe630mW,butnowthesinglechipmicrocomputeruniversalin100mWorso,astheSCMpowerconsumptiondemandmoreandmorelow,eachsinglechipmanufacturersnowbasicusingCMOS(complementarymetaloxidesemiconductorprocess).Like80C51hadadoptedHMOS(namelyhighdensitymetaloxidesemiconductortechnology)andCHMOS(highdensitycomplementarymetaloxidesemiconductorprocess).ThoughlowpowerconsumptionCMOS,butbecauseofitsphysicalcharacteristicstodeterminethespeedofworkisnotquitehigh,andCHMOSisthehighspeedandhavethecharacteristicsoflowpowerconsumption,thesecharacteristicsandismoresuitableforlowpowerconsumptionindemandlikebatterypowerapplications.Sothisprocesswillbeforaperiodofthedevelopmentofthesinglechipmicrocomputermainways2．MiniaturesheetpieceofNowthesinglechipmicrocomputeruniversalconventionaliswillthecentralprocessingunit(CPU),randomaccessmemory(RAM),datareadonlymemory(ROM)program,parallelandserialcommunicationinterface,theinterruptsystem,regularcircuit,clockingcircuitintegrationinAsinglechip,enhancedthesinglechipmicrocomputerintegratedasA/Dconverter,PMW(pulsewidthmodulationcircuit),WDT(watchdog),someSCMLCD(LCD)willdrivecircuitareintegratedinAsinglechip,thissinglechipunitcircuitwillcontainmore,function,thestrongeryouwillbe.Evensinglechipmanufacturerstillcanbecustomizedaccordingtotheuser'srequirements,makeitsowncharacteristicsofsinglechipmicrocomputerchip.Inaddition,theproductsnowuniversaldemandsmallvolume,lightweight,whichrequiresthesingle-chipmicrocomputerbesidesfunctionisstrongandlowpowerconsumption,butalsotoaskitsvolumetosmall.Manyofthesinglechipmicrocomputernowhasavarietyofpackagingforms,includingSMDsurfacepackaging)hasbecomemoreandmorepopular,makesthesystemconstructedbysingle-chipmicrocomputeristhedevelopmentdirectioninminiaturization.3．ThemainstreamandmanykindsofcoexistenceNow,whilethesinglechipmicrocomputervariety,eachcharacteristic,butstillwith80C51singlechipmicrocomputerasthecoreofthemainstream,compatiblewithitsstructureandinstructionsofthesystemPHILIPSproducts,ATMELcompanyproductsandChinaTaiwan'sWinbondseriesmicrocontroller.SoasthecoreofthesinglechipmicrocomputeroccupyC8051heavily-accentedscreams.MicrochipcompanyandthePICreducedinstructionset(RISC)alsohaveastrongmomentumofdevelopment,ChinaandTaiwanHOLTEKcompanyinrecentyearsofthesinglechipmicrocomputeroutputgrowsdaybyday,andtheadvantagesofhighqualityandlowprice,takesupthemarketshare.InadditiontoMOTOROLAtheproductofthecompany,afewbigcompaniesfortheJapanesemicrocontroller.Inacertainperiodoftime,thiskindofsituationwilltocontinue,therewon'tbeasinglechipmicrocomputerskillfulnessofmonopolysituation,goisdependentcomplementary,supplementeachotherandcommondevelopmentroad.三ThedevelopmentofthesimulatorThroughoutthedomesticnearly20yearsofsimulationtechnologydevelopmentcourse,accordingtothesimulationimplementusetechnologytodifferentiate,thedesignofthedomesticsimulatorcanbedividedintothefollowingseveralperiodabout:(1)70s-themid80'sThisperiodismainlytheadoptedtechnologyofthesimulationsystemdevelopment,andnowitisnothightechnicalcontent,userrequirementsisnothighalso.(2)the80s-90sThisperiodmainlyuseHuaBangasimulationofproductionfunctionwithchip,usingtechnologycalledBondout.Adoptingthesinglechipcangreatlysimplifiedthedesignofthesimulationsystem,thereforethedomesticsimulatorslevelhaveimproved,basicallycandonottakeuptheuserresources.Itisduetotheimprovementoftheperformanceofthesimulation,thedomesticsimulatorinnearly10yearsofmakingtimenoprogress,hasbeenusingthiskindofproductionmode.Althoughindividualmanufacturerhasalsotriedothertechnologytoimprovesimulationlevel,suchasHOOKStechnology,butbecauseofitstechnicallimitationswithoutsuccess.InsteadofforeignsimulatorsearlyuseHOOKStechnology,inearlybecauseofthecomplexityoftheHOOKStechnologyitself,thesimulationperformanceandpriceasthedomesticBondoutsimulationdevice.AlongwiththeICtechnologydevelopment,thedomesticproductionoftheHOOKStechnologyconditionsripe,butdomesticseveralmajorproductionmanufacturerstilllosethemselvesinBondouttechnologyin.(3)startedin20002000istheChinesesimulatorsmarketchangeisthebiggestperiod,oneofthemostdramaticchangeisHuaBangsimulationchipW78958shut-down.Sinoconcorp.InW78958chipdesign,itsinternalsimulationfunctionjustforsimulatorsmanufacturerscanmakesimulatorinordertobetterpromoteW78958.Butafteryearsofchange,W78958evolvedintoasimulationdeviceontheuseofthespecialchipsimulationandnotuserswiththeuseofthestandardchip,thescopeofusefordomestic,lessthanayearthedosageofonly20000promptedsinoconcorp.Inthe2002yearslaterannounceditwillstopproductionthechip.W78958afterproduction,domesticsimulationdevicemanufacturersinaveryembarrassingsituation.BecauseinthedomesticuseW78958nearly10years,domesticusergroupofverylarge,theseuserswillnotbeabletogettheongoingsupportespeciallymaintenance.Inaddition,ChinahasdoneinW78958aroundthetechnicalworkwillbegivencontinueandimprove,manyprofessionalsthinksimulatorsindustrywillfacethedrawingboardortoshufflingofthesituation.HOOKStechnologyisundoubtedlysimulatorinW78958lostafterthemanufacturersubstitute,butwithnolong-termtrackingandattention,theshorttermmostmanufacturerscan'twillcomplexHOOKStechnologyappliedtomatureproduct.Expertsthinkthewholetransformationofthemanufacturermayneedto2-3yearcycle,andsoisthesimulationofthefactorywillbeeliminated,themarketwillbemainlytheownershipinafewsimulationdevicemanufacturers.Asthemoreandmoremanufacturers,resourceismoreandmorestrong,withJiaChangchiptothesimulationYiChangchipscompatiblesimulationmodel,existingresourcesdoesnotcoverall(suchasadditionalport,additionalexternalinterruption),addressdistributiondifferent(suchasP4mouth),theoperationmodedifferent(suchasEXTRAM,WTD)shortcomings.UsespecialsimulationchiporPhilipschiptothesimulationofavarietyofmorethan20factory400chip,thesimulationheadismoreandmore,sohaveanewgenerationofpatenttechnologyemulator.Butanewgenerationofpatenttechnologyofthesimulatorwillmakenoeconomicabilityunabletobuythebeginners.四WiththesinglechipprocessorasthecoreoftheembeddedsystemSCManothernameisembeddedmicrocontrollercontroller,thereasonisthatitcanbeembeddedintoanyminiatureorsmallinstrumentorequipment.Atpresent,thesinglechipembeddedsystemandInternetconnectionisakindoftrend.But,theInternethasalwaysbeenaserverwithfat,thinusersmachinetechnology.ThetechnologyoftheInternetinthestorageandaccesstolargeamountsofdataisappropriate,butforcontrolembeddeddevicesbecame"killchickenpormusonmortigionipafiloroneuzas".TorealizetheembeddedequipmentandInternetconnection,itneedstoputthetraditionalInternettheoryandthepracticeofembeddedsystemisupsidedown.Inordertomakethecomplexorsimpleembeddeddevices,suchassinglechipmicrocomputercontrolmachinetools,singlechipmicrocomputercontrollocks,canfeasibleandInternetconnection,itrequiresspecialequipmentforembeddedmicrocontrollercontrollerdesignwebserver,makeembeddeddevicescanbeandInternetconnected,andthroughthestandardwebbrowserprocesscontrol.Atpresent,inordertoputthesinglechipmicrocomputerasthecoreoftheembeddedsystemandInternetconnected,hashadalotofcompaniesinthemoreresearch.ThisaspectofthetypicalhaveemWarecompanyandTASKINGcompany.EmWarecompanytoputforwardtheembeddedsystemoftheprogram-thenetEMITtechnology.Thistechnologyincludesthreemainparts:thatisemMicro,emGatewayandawebbrowser.Atpresent,theSCMputforwardanewproblem:thisishowtomakeeight,16single-chipmicrocomputercontrolproducts,namelyembeddedproductsorequipmentcanrealizeinterconnectionandtheInternetTASKINGcompanyiscurrentlytosolvethisproblemprovidesway.ThecompanyhastheemWareEMITthesoftwarepackageandrelevantsoftwareintegrationofformacompleteset,forminganintegrateddevelopmentenvironment,tofacilitatethedevelopmentoftheusers.五ThereliabilityofthemicrocomputerapplicationtechnologydevelopmentInthesinglechipmicrocomputerapplications,thereliabilityistheprimaryfactorinordertoexpandtheapplicationrangeofthesinglechipmicrocomputerandfield,improvethereliabilityofthesinglechipmicrocomputeritselfisakindofeffectivemethod.Inrecentyears,thesinglechipmanufacturersinthedesignofthesinglechipmicrocomputertoimprovereliabilityofthenewtechnology,thenewtechnologyperformanceinthefollowing:（1）EFT(EllectricalFastTransient)technologyEFTtechnologyisakindofanti-interferencetechnology,itistopointtointheoscillatingcircuitbythesinesignalinterference,thewaveformsuperpositionofburrsignalwill,ifusetheplasticschmidtcircuit,theburrwouldbetriggeredsignalsinterfereswithnormalclock,inthealternateuseschmidtcircuitandtheRCfiltercircuit,caneliminatethehairormakeitsfunctionfailuretoensuresystemclocksignalnormalwork.So,improvethereliabilityofthesinglechipmicrocomputer.MotorolacompanyMC68HC08seriesmicrocontrolleradoptthetechnology.LownoisewiringtechnologyanddrivetechnologyInthetraditionalsinglechipmicrocomputer,thepowerandthegroundisinintegratedcircuitoftheshellofChenYinfeet,generalisintheupperleft,rightoratthelowerleft,twoforsymmetrypoint.Itis,itmakesthepowersupplynoisethroughthewholechip,theSCMinternalcircuitcau