外研版八年級下冊語法講解和練習

外研版八年級下冊語法講解和練習外研版八年級下冊語法講解和練習外研版八年級下冊語法講解和練習V:1.0精細整理，僅供參考外研版八年級下冊語法講解和練習日期：20xx年X月 模塊一語法表示感覺和知覺的系動詞1．表示感覺和知覺的系動詞也可稱為感官動詞，主要有l(wèi)ook(看起來),smell(聞起來),sound(聽起來),taste(嘗起來),feel(感覺/摸起來)。2．感官動詞屬于連系動詞，后接形容詞作表語，構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)，說明主語所處的狀態(tài)。例如：Helookstired.他看起來累了。Theseflowerssmellsweet.這些花聞起來香Hervoicesoundsbeautiful.她的聲音聽起來優(yōu)美。Thecaketastesdelicious.蛋糕嘗起來美味。Ifeltguilty.我感到內(nèi)疚。3．感官動詞后可接介詞like,like后可接名詞或v.ing形式。例如：Thatboatlookslikeaduck.那條船看起來像一只鴨子。Itsmellslikebeingburnt.它聞起來像燒焦了一樣4．含有感官動詞的句子，其否定句和一般疑問句要借助助動詞完成。例如：Helooksworried.他看起來憂愁。→Hedoesn'tlookworried他看起來并不憂愁?！鶧oeshelookworried?他看起來憂愁嗎？Ⅰ.單項選擇()1.Thecake________delicious.Ican'twaittoeatit.A．feelsB．soundsC．becomesD．smells()2.Applesofthiskind________．A．tastesgoodB．tasteswellC．tastegoodD．tastewell()3.[2015?濰坊]ThenewsweaterIboughtformygrandma________soft.Shelikesitverymuch.A．looksB．smellsC．tastesD．feels()4.—Oh,I'mhungry.Mum,canIhavethehamburgerontheplate?—No.Ittastes________．A.terriblyB.terribleC.goodD.well()5.—Thecakelooks________.—Yes,andittasteseven________.A.well;goodB.nice;betterC.good;worseD.better;best()6.[2015?鎮(zhèn)江]—ThreeDprintingtechnologycouldbeusedtobuildahouseinlessthan24hours.—It________amazing.It'smyfirsttimetogettoknowthenewsA．looksB．smellsC．soundsD．tastes()7.Oh,it________sonice.Whatbeautifulmusicitis!A．smellsB．soundsC．tastesD．looks()8.—Dinnerisready.Helpyourself!—Wow!It________delicious.Youarereallygoodatcooking.A．looksB．soundsC．tastesD．feels()9.—Let'sgoonapicnicthisweekend,OK?—Thatsounds________.A．greatB．wellC．hardlyD．terribly()10.IliketoreadEnglishinthegardenbecausetheflowersinitsmell________.A．goodB．wellC．badD．badly()11.—Doyoulikeswimminginwinter?

—Ofcourse.Thewater________abitcoldatfirst,butthenIamwarmandfullofenergy.A．tastesB．feelsC．smellsD．looks()12.Mumismakingdinner.It________sonice!A．smellsB．tastesC．feelsD．sounds()13.Goodmedicineforhealth________bittertothemouth.A．feelB．tastesC．feelsD．taste()14.Someofmyfriendseatwiththeireyes.Theyprefertoorderwhat________nice.A．feelsB．smeelsC．looksD．tastes()15.—DoyouknowthesongGangnamStyle?

—Ofcourse.It________interesting.tastesB．smellsC．soundsD．feelsⅡ.根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子1．我的毛衣摸起來柔軟。Mysweater____________．Feelssoft2．聚會聽起來太吵了。Theparty____________________．Soundsnoisy3．你媽媽看上去很年輕。Yourmother______________________．Looksyoung4．湯嘗起來咸了。Thesoup___________________．Tastessalty5．它聞起來新鮮嗎？_______it_______________Doessmellfresh6．他看上去像一位專家。He___________anexpert.Lookslike7．這食物嘗起來怎樣？________________thefood________Howdoestaste8．這個主意聽起來有趣嗎？________theidea________interesting?Doessound9．你叔叔長什么樣？________________youruncle________________Whatdoeslooklike10．他當眾講話對并不緊張。He________________________．whenhespeaksinpublic.Doesn’tlooknervousⅢ.用所給詞的適當形式填空1．Thecloud________(look)likeahorse.looks2．Thecoat_______(feel)verysoft.Sosheboughtitatonce.felt3．Theweather______________(get)warmerandwarmerthesedays.Isgetting4．Theman______(seem)tobeveryangry.seems5．Thatidea________(sound)verygreat.Sounds6．Thebabypandalooksvery________(love).lovely7．Don'teatthefish.Itsmells________(badly)．bad8．Thebackgroundmusicsounds________(noise).Pleaseturnitdown.noisy9．—Whatdoyouthinkofthemilk?

—Oh,it________(taste)good.tastes10．Ifelt________(relax)lyinginthesun.Whatagoodtime!Relaxed模塊二語法現(xiàn)在完成時(一)現(xiàn)在完成時用來表示在以前某個時間或某段時間已經(jīng)發(fā)生的行為或曾經(jīng)做過的事情對目前有某種影響；還可以表示到目前為止已經(jīng)完成的事情?，F(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)的基本句型結(jié)構(gòu)是：“have/has+動詞的過去分詞”。其用法主要有1．當句子的主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時，要用“has＋動詞的過去分詞”。例如：Hehasfinishedhishomework.他已經(jīng)做完作業(yè)了。2．動詞的過去分詞變化形式主要有以下幾種：大部分動詞的過去分詞和過去式相同，但也有許多不規(guī)則變化，需要特別記憶。例如：see—saw—seen,be—was/were—been,come—came—come,go—went—gone,take—took—taken等。3.現(xiàn)在完成時的否定形式為haven’t/hasn’t+動詞的過去分詞，其一般疑問句形式是把have/has提到句首，動詞過去分詞不變化。例如：Ihaveseenthisfilm.我已經(jīng)看過這部電影了。Ihaven'tseenthisfilm.我沒看過這部電影。—Haveyouseenthisfilm?你看過這部電影嗎？—Yes,Ihave./No,Ihaven't.是的，我看過。/不，我沒看過。HehasbeentoBeijing.他去過北京。Hehasn'tbeentoBeijing.他沒去過北京?！狧ashebeentoBeijing他去過北京嗎？—Yes,hehas./No,hehasn't.是的，他去過。/不，他沒去過。Ⅰ.單項填空()1.[2014?赤峰]—Thestorybookisveryinteresting.—Iagreewithyou.I________ittwicealready.A．readB．willreadC．a(chǎn)mreadingD．haveread()2.—Hasn'tBettycomeyet?—No,andI________forherfornearlytwohours.A．waitB．waitedC．havewaitedD．hadwaited()3.—Doyouwanttoseethefilm3DTitanic?—Thefilm3DTitanic

I________it.It'sreallywonderful.A．seeB．haveseenC．wasseeingD．hasseen()4.—HaveyoueverbeentoBeijing?—________.Iwenttherelastyear.A．Yes,IdidB．Yes,IhaveC.No,IhaventD．No,never()5.—Whereisyourfather?—He________Dalian.A.havegonetoB.hasgonetoC.havebeentoD.hasbeento()6.[2014?廣州]MissBrown,we________cleaningourclassroom.Canwegohomenow

A．finishB．finishingC．a(chǎn)refinishedD．havefinishedⅡ.用所給詞的適當形式填空1．Mum,canIwatchTVnow

I___________(finish)myhomework.Havefinished2．Theboys___________(notread)theinterestingbooksyet.Theirmotherwillbuysomeforthem.Haven’tread3．—______you_______(hear)fromyourpenpalrecently

Haveheard—Yes,Ihave.I______(get)aletterfromhimyesterday.got4．—_______youever________(eat)thepizza

—No,Ihaven't.Haveeaten5．—_____you_______(call)yourmumyet

—Yes,I_____.HavecalledhasIcalled(call)herlastnight.6．—HasJackvisited(visit)hisgrandparents

—Notyet.7．—Haveyourparentsever_been(be)abroad

—Yes,justonce.8．Whohasseen(see)thefilmbefore

Ⅲ.按要求完成下列各題1．MyparentshavegonetoEngland．(對畫線部分提問)Wherehaveyourparentsgone?

2．—Wouldyoulikesomemorefood?

—No,thanks.Ihavehadenough.(完成句子)3．DaminghasclimbedMountTaibefore.(改為一般疑問句并作否定回答)—Has_Damingclimbed_MountTaibefore?

—No_，hehasn’t．4．Hehaswaitedforherfor_2_hours．(對畫線部分提問)Howlonghashewaitedforher?

5．JanecametoChinatwoyearsago.(改為同義句)Janehasbeen_inChinafortwoyears.模塊三語法現(xiàn)在完成時(二)1．現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)還可以用來表示“剛剛做完某事；已經(jīng)做完某事”等，此時經(jīng)常用just,already和yet來表示，其中，just表示“剛剛”；already表示“已經(jīng)”，一般置于have/has之后；just和already都用于肯定句中，在否定句和疑問句中則可用yet，表示“還未”。例如：Ihavejustheardthenews.我剛剛聽到消息。Astronautshavealreadybeentothemoon.宇航員已經(jīng)去過月球了。Ihaven'tbeentoBeijingyet.我還沒有去過北京。注意：just,already和yet在句中的位置：Ihavejustheardfrommyson.我剛剛收到兒子的來信。I'vealreadyboughtthebook.我已經(jīng)買了這本書。Hehasn'tcleanedthehouseyet.他還沒有打掃屋子。2．在現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)中，要注意havebeento和havegoneto的區(qū)別，前者表示“去過某地”，但現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)回來了；后者表示“去了某地”，現(xiàn)在還沒回來。例如：Thespacecrafthasgoneintospace.Itwon'treturn.宇宙飛船已經(jīng)進入太空，不會回來了。IhavebeentoMountTaitwice.我去過泰山兩次了。Ⅰ.單項填空()1.[2014?北京]He________inthisfactoryfor20yearsalready.A．willworkB．worksC．hasworkedD．isworking()2.[2015?銅仁]—Whereisyourmother

—She________Guiyang.A．hasgonetoB．hasbeentoC．hasbeeninD．wentto[答案]A句意：“你的母親在哪里”

“她去貴陽了?！北硎尽叭ツ车貨]回來”用havegoneto；表示“去某地已經(jīng)回來”用havebeento。根據(jù)問句可知“媽媽”現(xiàn)在不在說話的地方，即去某地還沒有回來。故選A。[答案]A句意：“你的母親在哪里”

“她去貴陽了?！北硎尽叭ツ车貨]回來”用havegoneto；表示“去某地已經(jīng)回來”用havebeento。根據(jù)問句可知“媽媽”現(xiàn)在不在說話的地方，即去某地還沒有回來。故選A。()3.—Dave,wewillleavein10minutes.Areyouready

—No,I________ourguidebookandtowelsyet.A．don'tpackB．didn'tpackC．havepackedD．haven'tpacked()4.Mycousin________Sydneyforhalfayear.A.hasbeentoB.hasgonetoC.hascometoD.hasbeenin()5.AuntWangisnotherenow.Shehas________toShanghaiandwillstaythereforseveralmonths.A.gotB.comeC.beenD.gone()6.—Haveyoufinishedyourwork________—Yes,I've________finishedit.A．a(chǎn)lready;yetB．yet;alreadyC．yet;yetD．a(chǎn)lready;already()7.[2015?常德]IonlystartedtakingFrenchclasseslastweekandI________50Frenchwordsalready.A．learnedB．learnC．havelearned()8.Mymother________thedinneralready.A．cookingB．cookedC．hascookedD．cook()9.[2014?黔東南]—________youever________toXijiang

—Yes,I________therelastyear.A．Have;gone;wentB．Have;been;havebeenC．Have;been;wentD．Have;gone;havegone()10.—WhyisMrYangstillintheteachers'office

—Maybehe________hisworkyet.A．doesn'tfinishB．hasn'tfinishedC．haven'tfinishedD．don'tfinishedⅡ.用already,just,yet,never或ever填空1．—HasLiMingreceivedtheinvitation_yet_—No,hehasn'tgotityet.ButIknowMrZhaohasalreadygotit.2．—HaveyoureadanybooksonMars

—No,IhaveneverreadasinglewordaboutMars.3．—HavepeoplebeentoMars

—No,wehaveneverbeenthere.4．Theastronauthasjustgonebacktotheearth.5．Thespaceshiphasn'tsentanyinformationbacktousyet．Ⅲ.根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子1．我剛到這兒，還不認識幾個人。Ihavejustarrived/gothereandIhaven'tknownseveralpeopleyet．2．我還沒有問他。Ihaven’taskedhimyet.3．邁克剛剛做完了作業(yè)。Mikehasjustdone/finishedhishomework4．她現(xiàn)在不在這里，她去廣州了。Sheisn'therenow.ShehasgonetoGuangzhou.5．我的弟弟已經(jīng)看過這部電影了。Mybrotherhasseen_themoviealready.6．“你曾經(jīng)去過巴黎嗎”

“是的，我去過那兒兩次?！薄狧aveyoueverbeentoParis?—Yes,Ihavebeentheretwice.7．這本書我可以借多久？HowlongcanIkeepthebook?8．雖然這本書他已經(jīng)讀了三遍了，但是他希望再讀一遍。Thoughhe_hasreadthebookthreetimes,hehopestoreaditafourthtime.9．“你想念你的哥哥嗎”

“是的，非常想念，我3個月沒有收到他的來信了。”—Doyoumiss_yourbrother?

—Yes,verymuch.Ihaven’theardfromhimforthreemonths.10．2015?佛山至今，145個國家參加了2015意大利米蘭世博會。Sofar,145countrieshavetakenpartinthe2015WorldExpoinMilan,Italy.Ⅳ.按要求完成下列各題1．Ihavealreadyfinishedmyhomework.(改為否定句)Ihaven’tfinishedmyhomework_yet．2．HehasreadthebookWhoMovedMyCheese.(改為一般疑問句并作肯定回答)—HashereadthebookWhoMovedMyCheese?

—Yes,hehas．3．Shewrotealettertohercousin.(用just改為現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài))Shehas_justwrittenalettertohercousin.4．Tonyisn'tathome.HewenttoHongKong.(合并為一句)TonyhasgonetoHongKong.5．Icameheretwodaysago.(改為同義句)I_havebeenherefortwodays.6．LucyhasbeentoBeijingseveraltimes.(對畫線部分提問)HowmanytimeshasLucybeentoBeijing

模塊四語法現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)(三)1．如果要表達某一行為或狀態(tài)從過去某時間一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，則要用現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)。這時，句子通常要與表示一段時間的時間狀語連用，這類狀語通常由for或since來引導(dǎo)。需要注意的是，for_后面接一段時間，而since后面接時間點或過去時態(tài)的句子，即for_用來說明動作延續(xù)的時間長度，since用來說明動作的起始時間。例如：IhavelivedinHebeifortenyears.我在河北已經(jīng)住了十年。Hehasbeeninthisschoolsince2000.自從2000年起，他就在這所學校了。MysisterhaslearntEnglishsinceshewasfour.我姐姐從4歲起就開始學英語。2．如果要對現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)句子中的時間狀語進行提問，通常要用howlong。例如：—HowlonghaveyoustudiedEnglish?你學英語學了多長時間了？—Forfouryears.四年了?！狧owlonghashetaughthere?他在這兒教書多長時間了？—Sincefiveyearsago.自從五年前。3．在現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)的句子中，短暫性動詞一般不能與時間段連用，但在否定句中，則一般可以和表示一段時間的for短語連用。例如：Ihavestayedinthehotelforaweek.我已經(jīng)在這家賓館待了一周了。Myparentshaven'tseenmefortwoyears.我父母有兩年沒見我了。Hehasn'tcometoschoolforaweek.他一周沒來上學了。[注意]短暫性動詞不能和表示一段時間的時間狀語連用，但如果要保留表示一段時間的時間狀語，必須將短暫性動詞改為延續(xù)性動詞。常見的短暫性動詞轉(zhuǎn)換為延續(xù)性動詞如下(1)fallasleep→beasleep(2)begin/start→beon(3)buy→have(4)die→bedead(5)come→bein(6)arrive→behere(7)join→bein/beamemberof(8)finish/end→beover(9)leave→beaway(10)borrow→keep(11)begintostudy→study(12)comeback→beback4．現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)還經(jīng)常用于“It'sthefirst/second…timethat…”結(jié)構(gòu)中。例如：It'sthefirsttimethatIhavevisitedhere.這是我第一次參觀這里。Itwillbethethirdtimethatyouhaveseenthefilmwithme.這將是你第三次和我一起看電影。Ⅰ.單項填空()1.—Lookatthesestamps.I________themforfiveyears.—Wow,theyarewonderful.A．keptB．havekeptC．haveboughtD．bought()2.[2015?昆明]—Longtimenosee!—Oh!It________fiveyearssincewemetlasttime.A．wasB．wereC．hasbeenD．havebeen[解析]C考查現(xiàn)在完成時。句意：“很長時間沒見了！”“自從上次我們見面五年了?！眘ince是現(xiàn)在完成時的標志詞，前面主語是it，故用hasbeen，選C()3.OurforeignteacherMrGreen________usEnglishsincethreeyearsago.A．hastaughtB．isteachingC．taughtD．teaches()4.—We'velivedhere________1980.—Soyou'velivedhere________morethan30years.A．since;forB．for;sinceC．for;forD．in;since[解析]A1980是一個時間點，所以用since;morethan30years是一個時間段，要用for。故選A。()5.[2014?安徽]RickhaslearnedalotaboutChineseculture________hecametoChina.A．beforeB．whenC．untilD．since[解析]D考查連詞的用法。句意：Rick已經(jīng)學了許多中國文化________他來到中國。before意為“在……之前”；when意為“當……的時候”；until意為“直到”；since意為“自從”。since引導(dǎo)過去時態(tài)的時間狀語從句時，其主句用現(xiàn)在完成時。故選D。()6.—________haveyoulearnedChinese

—For3years.A．HowoftenB．HowmuchC．HowlongD．Howsoon[解析]C由答語“For3years.”可知，上句是問“多長時間”，故選C。()7.MrGreen________fromhishometownfor3years.A．hasbeenawayB．hasgoneC．hasleftD．hascome[解析]A句中“for3years”是一個時間段，因此要與延續(xù)性動詞連用，故選A。()8.2015?烏魯木齊MrBrown________hishometownsincehe________thearmy.A．hasleft;joinedB．hasbeenawayfrom;hasjoinedC．hasbeenawayfrom;joinedD．left;joined[解析]C考查動詞的時態(tài)以及延續(xù)性動詞與非延續(xù)性動詞的辨析。since引導(dǎo)的狀語從句的謂語是非延續(xù)性動詞的過去時，主句的謂語動詞應(yīng)用延續(xù)性動詞的現(xiàn)在完成時。leave是非延續(xù)性動詞，不能和一段時間連用。beawayfrom是延續(xù)性動詞，可以和一段時間連用。所以選擇答案C。()9.He________fortenyears.A．hasbeenmarriedB．marriedC．gotmarriedD．hasmarried()10.—HowlonghasRobert________—Since2004.A．beentoBeijingB．becomeapolicemanC．joinedtheartclubD．studiedinthisschoolⅡ.用for和since填空1．Shehasworkedhere________2014.Since2．Wehaveknowneachother________sixyears.For3．Hehaslearntabout1，000Englishwords________hewenttocollege.since4．Ihaveknownhim________twoyearsago.since5．Shehasbeenaway________aboutfouryears.for6．Hehasbeenaleaguemember________twoyears.For7．IhavestudiedEnglish________2009.since8．MrBrownhasbeeninShanghai________abouttwoweeks.For9．It'sthreeyears________theoldmandied.since10．Thefilmhasbeenon________abouttenminuteswhenwearrievedatthecinema.ForⅢ.根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子1．他已經(jīng)等他朋友兩個小時了。Hehaswaitedforhisfriendfortwohours.2．他已經(jīng)好多年不看書了。Hehasn’treadbooksforyears.3．她畢業(yè)后就一直在從事護士工作。Shehasworked_asanursesincehergraduation.4．你父母結(jié)婚多長時間了？Howlonghaveyourparentsbeenmarried?5．他買這輛紅色小汽車兩年了。Hehashadtheredcarfortwoyears.模塊五語法動詞時態(tài)的區(qū)分到目前為止，我們已學過用多種時態(tài)來描述行為或狀態(tài)。本模塊重點復(fù)習一般現(xiàn)在時、一般過去時和現(xiàn)在完成時。下面我們以一種行為或狀態(tài)為例，來區(qū)分一下這幾種時態(tài)：一、一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時通常用動詞原形表示，但第三人稱單數(shù)后面的謂語動詞要加s或es，be和have有特殊的人稱形式(am,is,are;has)。1．表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生或習慣性的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。例如：Ioftengotoschoolonfoot.我經(jīng)常步行去上學。2．表示客觀事實、普遍真理或科學道理。例如：Theearthmovesaroundthesun.地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。3．用于含有時間的條件狀語從句中，表示將來的動作或狀態(tài)。例如：Ifitrains/israinytomorrow,wewon'tgotothecinema.如果明天下雨，我們就不去看電影了。4．標志詞：always，often，usually，sometimes，everyday,onceaweek等。二、一般過去時一般過去時用規(guī)則或不規(guī)則動詞的過去式表示；be動詞第一、三人稱單數(shù)用_was，其余人稱用were；動詞have一律用had。1．表示過去某時發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。例如：Shewasbornin1999.她出生于1999年。2．表示過去經(jīng)常、習慣或反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作。例如：WhenshewasinShanghai,sheoftencametoseeme.她在上海時，經(jīng)常來看我。3．標志詞：justnow，ago，yesterday，inthepast,lastweek,theotherday等。三、現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成時由“have/has＋_動詞的過去分詞”構(gòu)成。1．表示過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果。例如：Ihavegotaletterfrommyaunt.我已經(jīng)收到了我姑姑的一封來信。2．表示從過去開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)。例如：IhavestudiedEnglishfortwoyears.我已經(jīng)學習兩年英語了。3．標志詞：already,yet,just,never,ever,sofar,“for＋時間段”，“since＋時間點”等。Ⅰ.單項填空()1.—Doyouknowtheboyoverthere?—Sure.I________himforyears.A．knewB．willknowC．haveknownD．known()2.[2014?南京]—WhenwillUncleSamcometoseeus?

—He'llvisitusthisweekend.He________methatbyemail.A．toldB．istoldC．willtellD．wasgoingtotell[解析]A考查動詞的時態(tài)。句意：“薩姆叔叔什么時候來看我們”

“他將在這個周末來看我們，通過電子郵件他告訴了我。”由語境可知用一般過去時態(tài)。故選A。()3.—Whereisyourfather?

—He________Australiaandhe________Sydneyfortwoweeks.A．hasbeento;hasbeeninB．hasgoneto;willstayinC．hasbeenin;hasbeentoD．hasgoneto;hasstayedto()4.—Areyouasoccerplayerinyourschool?

—Yes,I________theteamtwoyearsagoandI________intheteamfortwoyears.havejoined;havebeenB．wasjoined;amC．joined;wasD．joined;havebeen[解析]D考查動詞的時態(tài)。“twoyearsago”是一般過去時的標志詞，故第一空用一般過去時；“fortwoyears”是現(xiàn)在完成時的標志詞，故第二空用現(xiàn)在完成時。()5.[2015?濰坊]Nextmonthwe'regoingsomewhereinterestingassoonastheholiday________.A．willbeginB．hasbegunC．beginsD．isbeginning[解析]C考查動詞的時態(tài)。assoonas表示“一……就……”，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，遵循“主將從現(xiàn)”原則，主句用的是將來時，assoonas引導(dǎo)的從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時，故選C。()6.Mygrandmother________inYangzhou.Shewasbornthereandhasneverlivedanywhereelse.A．livedB．livesC．waslivingD．willlive()7.IknowalittleaboutThailand,asI________therethreeyearsago.A．havebeenB．havegoneC．willgoD．went[解析]D“threeyearsago”是一般過去時的標志詞。故選D。()8.Everyoneknowsthatthesun________intheeast.A．risedB．risesC．raisedD．raises()9.—Mike,whyareyouwatchingTVagain?—I________myhomework.A．finishB．finishedC．havefinishedD．hadfinished()10.Tony________foodballeveryweekendwhenhewasyoung.A．playsB．playedC．isplayingD．hasplayed()8.Everyoneknowsthatthesun________intheeast.A．risedB．risesC．raisedD．raises()9.—Mike,whyareyouwatchingTVagain?—I________myhomework.A．finishB．finishedC．havefinishedD．hadfinished()10.Tony________foodballeveryweekendwhenhewasyoung.A．playsB．playedC．isplayingD．hasplayedⅡ.用所給詞的適當形式填空1．—DoyouknowtheEnglishman?—Yes.Ihaveknown_(know)himfortwoyears.2．Hergrandpadied(die)whenshewas20.3．[2015?濰坊]Hehasn’tcome(notcome)yet.Whatdoyouthinkhashappenedtohim?

4．—HowmanyschoolshasProjectHopebuilt(build)since1989?—Sorry,Idon'tknow.5．SofarI_havebeen(be)tomanyplacesinChina.模塊六語法簡單句的基本句型英語是一種結(jié)構(gòu)型語言，以謂語動詞為核心構(gòu)成句型。一、常見的六種基本句型：1．主語＋系動詞＋表語(＋狀語)．此句型中，系動詞除了be動詞外，常見的還有l(wèi)ook(看起來),sound(聽起來),taste(嘗起來),feel(感覺；摸起來),smell(聞起來),become(變得),turn(變得),get(變得)等，系動詞后接形容詞或名詞作表語。例如：Yourwatchlooksverynice.你的手表看起來很漂亮。Thedaysgetshorterandshorter.白天變得越來越短了。Inspring,thetreesturngreen.春天，樹變綠了。2．主語＋謂語(不及物動詞)[＋狀語(副詞、名詞、介詞短語等)]．此句型中的動詞后不可以直接接賓語，這種動詞稱為不及物動詞。例如：Hisfathercookseveryday.他父親每天做飯。Thechildrenarelisteningquietly.孩子們在靜靜地聽著。Heranfastinthestreet.他在街上跑得飛快。Themeetingbeginsatnine.會議9點開始。3．主語＋謂語(及物動詞)＋賓語(＋狀語)．此句型中的動詞可以直接接賓語，這種動詞稱為及物動詞。例如：Hedidn'tlikethefilm.他不喜歡這部電影。Sheoftenhelpshim.她經(jīng)常幫助他。Ihavealreadyfinishedreadingthebook.我已經(jīng)讀完這本書了。4．主語＋謂語(及物動詞)＋間接賓語＋直接賓語(＋狀語)．此句型中的及物動詞后接兩個賓語(雙賓語)，即指人的間接賓語和指物的直接賓語。通常情況下，間接賓語在前，直接賓語在后。有時，間接賓語也可與介詞to或for構(gòu)成短語，放在直接賓語的后面。例如：Pleasegivemeafewapples.＝Pleasegiveafewapplestome.請給我?guī)讉€蘋果。5．主語＋謂語(及物動詞)＋賓語＋賓語補足語(＋狀語)．賓語補足語用來補充說明賓語的行為、特征或狀態(tài)等，賓語和賓語補足語之間通常有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。例如：Hemadeallofuslaugh.他使我們都大笑起來。AtfirstIfoundChinesequitehard.起初我發(fā)現(xiàn)漢語相當難。6．There＋be＋主語(＋狀語)．此句型中，be動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)由后面的主語決定。當有兩個或兩個以上的主語時，be動詞的數(shù)與離其最近的主語的數(shù)保持一致，即遵循“就近原則”。例如：Therearesomepeopleinthehall.大廳里有些人。Thereisapenandsomebooksonthedesk.書桌上有一支鋼筆和一些書。二、句型說明英語句子以謂語為中心，謂語的前面是行為的執(zhí)行者，后面接動作的承受者(被動語態(tài)除外)。狀語可置于句首，也可以置于謂語之后。一般來說，置于句首的多是時間、條件和原因狀語，置于謂語之后的多是地點、方式、目的和伴隨狀語。Ⅰ.判斷下列各句屬于A—F中的哪種句型，把選項填在題前的括號內(nèi)A．主語＋謂語(＋狀語)B．主語＋謂語＋賓語(＋狀語)C．主語＋系動詞＋表語(＋狀語)D．主語＋謂語＋間接賓語＋直接賓語(＋狀語)E．主語＋謂語＋賓語＋賓語補足語(＋狀語)F．There＋be＋主語(＋狀語)()1.Thereisgoingtobeaclassmeetingthisafternoon.()2.Thebellisringing.()3.Tomboughtmeanumbrellayesterday.()4.Musicoftenmakesmehappy.()5.Someoneinourclasslikessingingverymuch.()6.Mysisterisveryoutgoingatschool.[答案]1—6FADEBCⅡ.連詞成句1．[2015?河北]we,happy,sang,ontheway_______________________________________________.wesanghappilyontheway/Onthewaywesanghappily.2．mother,asked,not,me,my,to,computer,play,games______________________________________________.Mymotheraskedmenottoplaycomputergames.3．a(chǎn)n,I,book,last,read,week,interesting_______________________________________________.LastweekIreadaninterestingbook.4．hear,I,often,girl,a,in,sing,the,room,next______________________________________________.Ioftenhearagirlsinginthenextroom.5．2015?河北interesting,activity,many,therewere_____________________________________________Thereweremanyinterestingactivities.模塊七語法并列復(fù)合句并列復(fù)合句是指由并列連詞_and,but,or等把兩個或兩個以上的簡單句連在一起而構(gòu)成的句子。1．并列復(fù)合句的構(gòu)成并列復(fù)合句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)：簡單句＋并列連詞＋簡單句。例如：Ihelphimandhehelpsme.我?guī)椭矌椭摇?．并列連詞前后的簡單句之間的關(guān)系(1)并列關(guān)系，常見連詞是and。例如：TheyarewatchingTV,andtheothersarelisteningtotheradio.他們在看電視，其他人在聽廣播。(2)選擇關(guān)系，常見連詞是or。例如：Thechildrencangowithus,ortheycanstayathome.孩子們可以跟我們走，也可以待在家里。(3)轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，常見連詞是but。例如：Shewastired,butshedidnotstopworking.她累了，但她沒有停止工作。3.由并列連詞詞組連接成的并列復(fù)合句。常用詞組有notonly…butalso…，either…or…，neither…nor…，not…but…，both…and…等。例如：Notonlyonebutalsoallofuswereinvited.不只是一個人，而是我們?nèi)w都被邀請了。Eitheryoudoit,orIasksomebodyelsetodoit.要么你來做，要么我請其他人來做。NeitherTomnorJackhasfinishedthehomework.湯姆和杰克都沒有完成作業(yè)。4．使用并列復(fù)合句要注意的幾種情況(1)并列復(fù)合句有時可不用連詞，而是用分號隔開(前后句之間的關(guān)系須相當緊密)。例如：Wefishedallday;wedidnotcatchasinglefish.我們釣了一整天魚，但一條魚都沒有釣到。(2)并列連詞后面的簡單句如果與前面的簡單句有相同的部分，則相同的部分可省略。例如：Snoopylivesinhisownworldand(Snoopy)findsreallifehardtounderstand.史努比生活在自己的世界里，覺得現(xiàn)實生活難以理解。單項填空()1.[2014?陜西]Don'trunintheclassroom,________youmayhurtyourself.A.andB.or……C.butD.so()2.[2015?安徽]Goingtothemoviesisgood,________Ireallyonlylikelisteningtomusic.A．a(chǎn)ndB.butC．soD．or()3.Nearlyeverykidhatesexams,________theyarenecessary.Theyhelptocheckifyouhavelearnedthespecificknowledge.A.andB．orC.soD．but()4.—Toachieveabrightfuture，weshould________studyhard________keepingoodhealth.—Iagreewithyou.A．not;butB．notonly;butalsoC．neither;norD．either;or()5.[2015?南充]Althoughhe'sover70，________heisfullofenergy.A．butB．a(chǎn)ndC．soD．/[解析]D句意：雖然他70多歲了，但他精力充沛。although引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，不能與but同時用在一個句子中。故選D。()6.We'regoingtoSuzhouAmusementParkinLinda'scar.Youcancomewithus________youcanmeetustherelater.A.orB.butC.andD.then()7.Therewillbemorepeopleinthelibrary.Comeearlier,________youwon'thaveaseat.A.butB.andC.orD.then()8.Don'tbecrazyaboutcomputergames,________yourparentswillbeworried.A.andB.orC.butD.so()9.[2015?濟寧]Practisemore，________you'lllearnEnglishbetter.A．orB．soC．a(chǎn)ndD．but()10.Carsmakeourlifeeasier,________theybringenvironmentalproblems.A.asB.orC.butD．a(chǎn)nd模塊八語法that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句賓語從句是用來充當賓語的句子。帶有賓語從句的那個句子叫主句。賓語從句一般由“引導(dǎo)詞＋主語＋謂語＋其他”構(gòu)成，其語序是陳述語序。1．引導(dǎo)詞thatthat引導(dǎo)的賓語從句由陳述句轉(zhuǎn)化而來，用于陳述一件事情，that無意義，在口語或非正式文體中可以省略。例如：Hewantstospeaktotheheadmaster.Hesays.(合并為復(fù)合句)→Hesays(that)hewantstospeaktotheheadmaster.他說他想和校長談話。注意：當從句前面有插入語時，引導(dǎo)詞that不能省略；如果有兩個并列的賓語從句時，第二個從句的引導(dǎo)詞that也不能省略。例如：Shemaytellyou,forexample,thatsheisinterestedinChinese.她可能會告訴你，例如，她對漢語感興趣。MrReadsaid(that)hetaughtEnglishinamiddleschoolinBeijingandthathecamefromAustralia.里德先生說他在北京的一所中學教英語，他來自澳大利亞。2．主句謂語動詞的使用當主句的謂語動詞是say,know,think,hear,hope,wish,believe,tell,remember,forget等時，或主句的謂語動詞是由形容詞afraid,glad,sure,sorry等構(gòu)成的系表結(jié)構(gòu)時，后面常接that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。例如：Ithinkthatweneedtobuysomemeatfortheparty.我認為我們需要為聚會買些肉。I'msure(that)she'llwritetome.我確信她會給我寫信的。3．賓語從句時態(tài)的選擇(1)當主句時態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時或一般將來時時，賓語從句可以根據(jù)需要來使用各種時態(tài)。(2)當主句時態(tài)是一般過去時時，賓語從句用表示過去的某種時態(tài)，變化如下：一般現(xiàn)在時→一般過去時一般將來時→過去將來時現(xiàn)在進行時→過去進行時現(xiàn)在完成時→過去完成時例如：Wehopeyou'llhaveaveryhappyyearinourclass.我們希望你能在我們班度過非?？鞓返囊荒辍esaidthathewasmendinghisbikeatthattime.他說那時候他正在修理他的自行車。提醒：若從句表示的是客觀事實、普遍真理、自然現(xiàn)象等，從句的時態(tài)不受主句時態(tài)的限制，用一般現(xiàn)在時。例如：Yesterdaytheteachertoldusthat25DecemberisChristmasDay.老師昨天告訴我們12月25日是圣誕節(jié)4．賓語從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移當主句的謂語動詞是think,guess,believe,suppose等，且主句的主語為第一人稱時，若后面的賓語從句表示否定概念，一般將否定詞not轉(zhuǎn)移到主句的謂語中，這種現(xiàn)象叫“否定轉(zhuǎn)移”。例如：我認為雞不會游泳。誤：Ithinkchickenscannotswim.正：Idon'tthinkchickenscanswim.注意：在上述情況下變?yōu)榉匆庖蓡柧鋾r，附加疑問部分要看從句；如果主句的主語不是第一人稱，則附加疑問部分要看主句。試比較：Ithinkheiswrong,isn'theHethinksheisright,doesn'the?Ⅰ.單項填空()1.[2015?雅安]Theteachertoldusthatthesun________intheeast.A．hadrisenB．hasrisenC．roseD．rises()2.Iknow________Ipromisedtotakeyoutodinner,butIwon'tfinishworkinguntilteno'clock.A．thatB．ifC．whatD．why()3.—Whatdidyoursonsayintheletter?

—Hetoldmethathe________theDisneylandthenextday.A．willvisitB．hasvisitedC．isgoingtovisitD.wouldvisit()4.Mymothersaidthatshe________formeatthenextbusstop.A．willwaitB．iswaitingC．wouldwaitD．waits[解析]C主句是一般過去時，因此that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句應(yīng)用與過去相關(guān)的時態(tài)，根據(jù)“atthenextbusstop”可知用過去將來時態(tài)。故選C()5.[2013?上海]Theofficialsaidthey________anewlawtoprotectthetouriststhenextyear.A．makesB．wouldmakeC．madeD．havemade()6.Tonysaid________hewasgoingtowatchTVthatevening.A．whatB．thatC．whoD．when()7.—Whatdidyourteachersaythismorning?

—Shetoldusthat________．A．wewillbeontimetomorrowB．wedon'tgetthereontimetomorrowC．wedidn'tpasstheexamD．wewillhaveapicnictomorrow()8.Hetoldme________hehadlefthisbookinmyroom.A．whatB．whomC．whoD．that()9.—Wouldyoupleasetellme________

—BusNo.22willtakeyouthere.A．whowillwegowithtoMeilanfangTheatreB．whatcanweseeinQinghuWetlandParkC．whenwewillleavefortheWaterForestD．howwecangettotheOldStreet()10.—Doyouknow________atthistimeyesterday?

—Sorry,Idon'tknow.A．whatsheisdoingB．whatwasshedoingC．whatshewasdoingD．whatisshedoingⅡ.用所給詞的適當形式填空1．Wearesurethathewillgo(go)toQingdaotomorrow.2．Hesayshewas(be)borninShandong.3．Hetoldmethere_are(be)twelvemonthsinayear.4．Iwasgladthatsomanypeoplehelped(help)me.5．Shehearsthatwewillhave(have)anEnglishtestnextweek.6．HeheardTom_hadseensee)thefilmbefore.Ⅲ.將下列句子變成賓語從句1．Hetoldus.HewillgotoBeijingnextweek.Hetoldus_thathewouldgotoBeijingnextweek.2．Hisfatherhasgonewiththegrouptoplanttrees.Jacksays.Jacksays_thathisfather__hasgonewiththegrouptoplanttrees.3．IwillshowthephotostoyouassoonasIcomeback.Jimtoldme.Jimtoldme_thathewouldshowthephotostomeassoonashecameback.4．Lucywon'tgotoschoolwithLilytomorrow.Ithink.Idon’tthinkLucywillgotoschool