詞根詞綴構(gòu)詞法課件

1、GrammarGrammarGrammar(1)ConversionGrammar(1)Conversion詞根詞綴構(gòu)詞法課件詞性轉(zhuǎn)化指的是單詞從一個(gè)詞類(lèi)轉(zhuǎn)到另一個(gè)詞類(lèi)而不發(fā)生詞形的變化。它包括很多類(lèi)別，如名詞 動(dòng)詞、動(dòng)詞 名詞、形容詞 動(dòng)詞、副詞 動(dòng)詞等。1.名詞轉(zhuǎn)化為動(dòng)詞 2.形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化為動(dòng)詞3. 副詞轉(zhuǎn)化為動(dòng)詞4. 動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞5. 形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞1.名詞轉(zhuǎn)化為動(dòng)詞 1. 名詞轉(zhuǎn)化為動(dòng)詞1) 許多表示物件的名詞可轉(zhuǎn)化為動(dòng)詞來(lái)表示動(dòng)作1. 名詞轉(zhuǎn)化為動(dòng)詞Who chaired the meeting? 誰(shuí)主持會(huì)議？ It can seat a thousand people. 能坐一千

2、人。 Each apartment can house a family of six. 每套房間可以住一戶六口之家。 I hope we can room together. 我希望我們能住同一個(gè)房間。 This helped to bridge over our difficulties. 這幫助我們度過(guò)了困難。 They flowered well but bore little fruit. 它們花開(kāi)得很好，但果結(jié)得不多。 Who chaired the meeting? 2) 表示身體某部分的名詞轉(zhuǎn)化為動(dòng)詞2) 表示身體某部分的名詞轉(zhuǎn)化為動(dòng)詞Hand in your exercise

3、-books, please. 請(qǐng)把練習(xí)本交上來(lái)。 Well back you up. 我們將作你的后盾。 Who headed the delegation? 誰(shuí)任代表團(tuán)團(tuán)長(zhǎng)？ Hand in your exercise-books, p3) 表示某類(lèi)人的名詞轉(zhuǎn)化為動(dòng)詞 3) 表示某類(lèi)人的名詞轉(zhuǎn)化為動(dòng)詞 If so, we shall be badly fooled. 如果這樣我們就會(huì)上大當(dāng)。 He insisted on staying up to nurse the child. 他堅(jiān)持不睡覺(jué)來(lái)護(hù)理這個(gè)小孩。 We were hosted by members of the embass

4、y. 我們受到大使館成員的款待。If so, we shall be badly foole4) 抽象名詞等轉(zhuǎn)化為動(dòng)詞 4) 抽象名詞等轉(zhuǎn)化為動(dòng)詞 Where do swallows winter? 燕子在哪里過(guò)冬？ We summered by Lake Geneva. 我們?cè)谌諆?nèi)瓦湖畔度過(guò)夏天。 For six days and nights they battled to save his life. 他們苦戰(zhàn)了六晝夜來(lái)?yè)尵人纳?Through my childhood, I had hungered for education. 我從小就盼望上學(xué)。 詞根詞綴構(gòu)詞法課件5）特定場(chǎng)合

5、下的轉(zhuǎn)化His argument contains too many ifs and buts.他再說(shuō)理時(shí)“如果”和“但是”用得太多了。This book is a must for students of electronics.這是學(xué)電子學(xué)的學(xué)生的一本必讀書(shū)。Follow the following dos and donts in the lab.在實(shí)驗(yàn)室一定要遵守“能做的事”和“不能做的事”。5）特定場(chǎng)合下的轉(zhuǎn)化His argument contain2.形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化為動(dòng)詞2.形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化為動(dòng)詞Dry, narrow, quiet, clear, warm, slow, tidy 等詞都可

6、轉(zhuǎn)化為動(dòng)詞。The room gradually quieted down.屋里慢慢的靜了下來(lái)。They finally freed themselves from slaves.他們最后把自己從奴隸制度下解放出來(lái)。Please tidy your room.請(qǐng)整理好你的房間。Dry, narrow, quiet, clear, warThe train slowed down to half its speed. 火車(chē)速度慢了一半。 This is the chief way of narrowing the difference between them. 這是縮小他們之間差距的主要辦法。

7、 Please warm up the dish over the stove. 請(qǐng)把菜放在爐子上加熱一下。 The room gradually quieted down. 室內(nèi)慢慢靜了下來(lái)。 The train slowed down to half3. 副詞轉(zhuǎn)化為動(dòng)詞This helped to further their unity. 這有助于促進(jìn)他們的團(tuán)結(jié)。Truth will out. 真相總會(huì)大白的。3000 workers there downed tools. 那兒三千工人罷工了。Please forward the letter to my new address. 請(qǐng)把信

8、轉(zhuǎn)到我的新地址。She will off and do her own things. 她將走掉去做自己的事。3. 副詞轉(zhuǎn)化為動(dòng)詞4. 動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞We stopped there for a swim. 我們?cè)谀莾和Ｏ聛?lái)游了一會(huì)兒泳。 This is for winter wear. Dont make it too tight. 這是冬天穿的，別做得太緊。 I like a quiet read after supper. 晚飯后我喜歡靜靜地看一會(huì)兒書(shū)。Women have an equal say in everything. 婦女在各方面都有同等的發(fā)言權(quán)。 4. 動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞*有時(shí)

9、動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)化成名詞后意思有一定的變化He has about the same build as his brother.他的體型和他哥哥差不多。Women have equal say in everything. 婦女在各方面都有同等的發(fā)言權(quán)。 He won two games; the other two were draws. 他贏了兩局，另外兩局打平了。 *有時(shí)動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)化成名詞后意思有一定的變化He has abou5.形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞 He didnt want to disturb the quiet needed by patients. 他不愿打擾病人需要的安靜環(huán)境。 The bo

10、y is a dear. 他是個(gè)招人喜愛(ài)的孩子。 There is only one black in my class. 我們班上只有一名黑人學(xué)生。 5.形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞 Exercise: Rewrite the sentences as the example shows.Example: Whats the answer? They want me to answer the question. The Chicago Bulls won their first championship in 1991. There was a first championship _ for the

11、 Chicago Bulls in 1991.winExercise: Rewrite the sentence2. Jordan surprised everyone when he retired. It was _ for everyone when he retired.3. They changed the rules of the game to try to stop him. There was _ in the rules to try to stop him.a surprisea change2. Jordan surprised everyone wMore Exerc

12、iseHis answer was “No”.He _ “No”.2.My dream was to play for the Shanghai Sharks.I _ of playing for the Shanghai Sharks.answereddreamedMore ExerciseHis answer was “N3. The interviewer asked Michael Jordan some questions about his career. The interview _ Michael Jordan about his career.4. At the end o

13、f the first half the score was 2-0 to China. China _ 2-0 at the end of the first half.questionedscored3. The interviewer asked Micha5. The star of the film was a young basketball player, Leroy. A young basketball player, Leroy, _ in the film. starred5. The star of the film was a Exercise 3.1. A lot

14、of young boys _ about playing in the NBA.2. The _ of the game was incredible 169 to 147.3. Michael Jordan was the biggest _ of the Chicago Bulls for many years.4. My uncle _ as a trainer for the Shanghai Sharks.5. The teacher often asks us _ about basketball.dreamworkstarresultquestionnounnounverbno

15、unverbworkedquestionsdreamresultstarExercise 3.1. A lot of young bAnswers to exercise 4.1. broke2. head3. record4. played5. headed6. recorded7. play 8. break Answers to exercise 4.1. brokeRead the following sentences, paying specialattention to the underlined words.Chamberlain averaged over 50 point

16、s a game for an entire season.2. His average was more than 30 points a game.3. Jordan was the second player to score more than 3,000 points in a season.4. The final score was 169-147.v. 平均n. 平均數(shù)v. 得分n. 得分ExerciseRead the following sentences, Complete the sentences with the words.He _ his arm playing

17、 basketball.Yao Ming injured his _ during a game.Jordans total of points is a world _.Chamberlain _ for four different NBA teams.Break head play record dreambrokeheadrecordplayedComplete the sentences with thAfter the game, the funs _ for the exit.We _ the commentary of the game on a cassette.Has th

18、ere been a film or a _ about basketball?Many boys _ about playing in the NBA.There was a ten-minute _ in the game, because a player was injured.His childhood _ has come true.headedrecordedplaydreambreakdreamBreak head play record dreamBreak head play record dreamAfter the game, the funs _happy unhap

19、py（加前綴）black adj.（黑）to blacken v.（使變黑）(加后綴）名詞兼動(dòng)詞的care的派生詞有：careful adj. carefully adv. carefulness n. Grammar(2)happy unhappy（加前綴）Grammar(2)派生法（derivation）定義：派生法是在一個(gè)單詞(詞根)加上前綴(prefix)或后綴(suffix)，構(gòu)成一個(gè)新單詞的構(gòu)詞法。派生法（derivation）前綴prefixnon，un，dis，in，im，ir，il +adj/adv/n表否定意義 2. un-,dis+v 表相反3. mis+v, 表“錯(cuò)”“

20、誤”前綴prefixnon，un，dis，in，im，詞根詞綴構(gòu)詞法課件詞根詞綴構(gòu)詞法課件詞根詞綴構(gòu)詞法課件詞根詞綴構(gòu)詞法課件詞根詞綴構(gòu)詞法課件詞根詞綴構(gòu)詞法課件7.由前綴a-構(gòu)成的副詞前綴a-表達(dá)了介詞at, on, in, away, from, up, to, out的詞義。afloat(飄浮著)，abreast(并肩地，并排地)，afoot(在步行中，在進(jìn)行中)，ashore(上岸，在陸上)，aside(在旁邊，到旁邊)，aboard(在船上)，afire(燃燒著)。7.由前綴a-構(gòu)成的副詞前綴a-表達(dá)了介詞at, on, i詞根詞綴構(gòu)詞法課件詞根詞綴構(gòu)詞法課件-ard, -art,

21、表示“做的人” coward, laggard, braggart(夸張者)-ard, -art, 表示“做的人”詞根詞綴構(gòu)詞法課件詞根詞綴構(gòu)詞法課件詞根詞綴構(gòu)詞法課件詞根詞綴構(gòu)詞法課件詞根詞綴構(gòu)詞法課件詞根詞綴構(gòu)詞法課件詞根詞綴構(gòu)詞法課件詞根詞綴構(gòu)詞法課件-ant, -ent distant, important, excellent-ish boyish, girlish, childish,foolish詞根詞綴構(gòu)詞法課件詞根詞綴構(gòu)詞法課件4. 副詞后綴-ly 表方式，程度 possibly, swiftly, simply, freely, clearly-ward, -wards 向

22、.; 朝.方向 downward, upward，forward，eastward；inwards, afterwards-ways 在.方向，以.方式 always, sideways，crossways(交叉地)-wise 在.位置，以.方向 otherwise, clockwise(順時(shí)針?lè)较虻?4. 副詞后綴詞根詞綴構(gòu)詞法課件 -ish, 表示“使，令” finish, abolish, diminish, establish -ate, 表示“成為，處理，作用” separate, operate, indicate 詞根詞綴構(gòu)詞法課件用法 例詞n +fulpowerful hope

23、ful wonderful painful beautiful helpfuln. +less構(gòu)成詞義相反的adjendless homeless careless fearlessn,. + icHistoric artistic fantastic dramatic poeticn. + alNational environmentaln. + iveActive expensive用法 用法例詞n.+ ousfamous courageous n. + ablecomfortable reasonablen.+ iblesensible responsiblen. + y rainy s

24、unny cloudy windyn. + lyfriendly monthly用法例詞n.+ ousfamous courageous2. 形容詞后綴-able, -ible movable, comfortable, applicable, visible, responsible-al natural, additional, educational-an, ane urban, suburban, republican-ant, -ent distant, important, excellent-ish boyish, childish -ful beautiful, wonderf

25、ul, helpful, truthful-ous dangerous, generous, courageous, various2. 形容詞后綴4. 副詞后綴-ly possibly, swiftly, simply-ward, -wards downward, inwards, upward-ways always, sideways-wise otherwise, clockwise4. 副詞后綴 用括號(hào)中所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。If you go by train, you can have quite a _(comfort) journey, but make sure that

26、 you take an express train.She is a teacher with _(end) patience, so all children in her class like her very much. comfortable endless 用括號(hào)中所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。comfortab3. After _ (care) consideration we decided to offer you the job. 4. She was on _ (friend) terms with most of the hospital staff. 5. No matter how _ (power) the enemy seem, we must fight them to the end.carefulfriendlypowerful3. After _ (care) considExerciseWrite sentences about your favourite sport or pastime. Use as many words as you can from Activity 4.ExerciseWrite sentences about 高考鏈接At times, worrying is a normal,