冠詞的用法小結(jié)

1、a, an, the 的用法精講及練習(xí)冠詞是虛詞，本身不能單獨(dú)使用，也沒有詞義，它用在名詞的前面，幫助指明名詞的含義。英語中的冠詞有三種，一種是定冠詞（ the Definite Article ），另一種是不定冠詞（ the Indefinite Article ），還有一種是零冠詞（ Zero Article ）。an, a 是不定冠詞，僅用在單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前面，表示 “一”的意義，但不強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)目觀念。 a 用在以輔音（指輔音音素）開頭的詞前， an 用在以元音（指元素音素）開頭的詞前。 the 是定冠詞，修飾特指名詞 翻譯成 “這個(gè) ”。 如果泛指某物 ,用a,/an,具體指某物的話，用 t

2、he.注意：（ 1）當(dāng)我們使用 an 時(shí)，條件有三：這個(gè)名詞的讀音必須是以元音音素開頭-即它的音標(biāo)的第一個(gè)音素是元音，而不是說它是以元音字母開頭。它必須是個(gè)可數(shù)名詞。它還必須是個(gè)單數(shù)名詞。我們常常見到這類用法：a university 一所大學(xué)an orange 一只桔子an ordinary man 一個(gè)普通人an hour 一個(gè)小時(shí)an engineer 一位工程師an honest person一位誠實(shí)的人a boy, a city, a girl, a useful animal , an old man, an honest boy,a bad apple, a tall eleph

3、ant,a university( 雖然 u 是元音字母，但不讀元音),an hour 一個(gè)小時(shí)(雖然 h 不是元音，但單詞讀音是元音開頭)不定冠詞有 a 和 an 兩種： a 用于輔音音素開頭的詞前，an 用于元音音素開頭的詞前。例如：a boy, a city, a girl, a useful animal , an old man, an honest boy,a bad apple, a tall elephant,a university( 雖然 u 是元音字母，但不讀元音 ), an hour 一個(gè)小時(shí) ( 雖然 h 不是元音，但單詞讀音是元音開頭 )1指某類人或事物中的任何一個(gè)

4、。An elephant is bigger than a horse.A car runs faster than a bike.2）指人或事物 ,用來表示 “的”意思，但不強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)的觀念，只說明名詞為不特定者。指人或事物即不具體說明是 何人何物 。例如：There are seven days in a week.We have three meals a day.A teacher is looking for you.We work five days a week.3）不定冠詞含有 “的”意思，但數(shù)量觀念沒有 one 強(qiáng)烈，在句子里一般可以不必譯出，但若有 “一個(gè) ”的意思則譯出，例如

5、：There s a tree on the hill.He has an interesting book. An orange is good for you. 桔子對(duì)你有好處。 How much is it ? 多少錢？ Two yuan a kilo. 二元一公斤。4）一般用在可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)前，指人或事物的某一種類。例如：Bill is a student.He is a doctor.（ 5）用在某些固定詞組中。例如：a lot of,a moment ago, a few,a littlea bit have a rest have a cold a kind of a piece

6、of have a good time 6.首次提到的人或物。一不定冠詞的用法：2指人或事物，但不具體說明何人或何物。There are seven days in a week.We have three meals a day.4指某類人或事物中的任何一個(gè)。An elephant is bigger than a horse.A car runs faster than a bike.2）定冠詞在句子中，既可以用于可數(shù)名詞前，也可以用于不可數(shù)名詞前；既用在可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)形式前，也用在可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式前。從表達(dá)意義上講，它既可表達(dá) this, that 之意義，也可表達(dá) these, th

7、ose之意義。二 . 定冠詞的用法（ 1）特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。例如：The book on the desk is mine.（ 2）指雙方都知道的人或事物。例如：Open the door, please.請(qǐng)開門。（ 3）用在世界上獨(dú)一無二的事物前。the sunthe earththe moon the skythe world例如：The sun is bigger than the moon太.陽比月亮大些。但這些名詞作為 描繪性定語時(shí)，可用不定冠詞。例如：Look! A red sun is rising. 瞧！一輪紅日正在升起。（ 4）用在序數(shù)詞和形容詞最高級(jí)前。例如：T

8、he first island is the biggest of the three第.一個(gè)小島是三個(gè)中最大的。5）用在用普通名詞構(gòu)成的黨派，國家等專有名詞以及江河、海洋、山脈、群島、海峽、海灣等專有名詞前。the Sahara 撒哈拉沙漠the Jinggang Mountains井岡山the Changjiang River 長江the Pacific Ocean太平洋the Red Sea紅海the Suez蘇伊士運(yùn)河the United Nations 聯(lián)合國the Great Wall長城the Red Cross Hospital紅十字醫(yī)院例如：They will visit t

9、he Great Wall next week.6）用在形容詞前表示一類人， the +形容詞指的是一群人，是一種復(fù)數(shù)含義，所以其后動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。the rich 有錢人the poor窮人the sick 病人the old老人the young 年輕人the blind盲人例如：The old are sick. 這些老人生病了。7）用在姓名復(fù)數(shù)形式前表示一家人或一家人中的兩個(gè)，或兩個(gè)以上的人。例如： The Smiths have moved to London. 斯密斯一家去了倫敦。The Whites have no children 懷.特夫婦沒有小孩。（ 8）用在某些習(xí)慣用語

10、 ,固定搭配中。例如：in the morning 在早上on the left 在左邊the day before yesterday前天all the same 都一樣at the same time 同時(shí)in the day在白天in the end最終by the way順便說一下in the open air在戶外the same as.和。相同tell the truth說真話(9)彈奏西方樂器前面要用定冠詞，東方樂器則不用。如：Play the pianoplay Erhu(10)用于逢十?dāng)?shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)前，指世紀(jì)中的年代。The war boke out in the thirtie

11、s.(11)用于方向或者方位名詞前。(12)He lives to the east of Los Angeles.基本用法巧記：特指雙方都熟悉，上文已提示。世上獨(dú)無二，序數(shù)最高級(jí)某些專有名，習(xí)語及樂器。三零冠詞即不用冠詞的情況：1專有名詞和不可數(shù)名詞：China, Class One如特指可與冠詞連用。2泛指的復(fù)數(shù)名詞前 :Books are my best friend.3在星期 (on Monday)、月份 (in March) 、季節(jié) (in Summer)、節(jié)日 (in Christmas)前。4一日三餐 (have breakfast)、球類 (play basketball)、學(xué)

12、科 (maths)、語言 ( in English)名詞前。5職務(wù)、頭銜、稱呼前 :Doctor,I am not feeling well.6名詞前已有指示代詞、物主代詞或不定冠詞時(shí)。7在某些固定短語中。by bus by bikein bedat homeon footin classgo to collegego to schoolday and nightfrom morning till night練習(xí)：選擇 a 或 an 或者不填 (用/來表示 )penapplebananaorangeshourumbrellabagbig appleorangeorange penhouseun

13、iversity用 a/an填空： Is itChinese book orEnglish book? This isring, and it isorange ring. Mary isEnglish teacher. Tom isChinese teacher. This isbike. It sold bike. This istelephone number. That isID card. I lost my keys. It sset of keys. It sapple, notpear. This ispeach. That sorange. You havebanana, b

14、ut I have egg. Is thereumbrella on the desk? There isisland in the sea. There ispicture on the card. I haveold book.apple is a kind of fruit. There isarmchair in the living room. I d likeegg. Look, there isbird in the tree. Is theremap on the wall? There isbench in the park.選擇正確的答案I am _(a, an)stude

15、nt.There is _(a, an) elephant in the zoo.You are _(a, an) good boy.I have _(a, an) orange.Miss Grant is _( a, an )ugly teacher.This is _(a ,an)new book.Please take _(a, an )umbrella.Close _(a, an ,the)door, please.My father is _(a ,an) doctor.There is _(a, an) orange on the table.He gives me _(a, an

16、 )sticker.What is _(a, an, the )biggest bird in the world?I have _orange ._orange is very sour.( a, an ,the)My father is _(a, an, the )man.15._(A ,An ,The )moon is in the sky.16. There s _(a, an, the )apple on the table.17._(a, an, The) blackboard in our classroom is big.He likes to play _(a, an, th

17、e )piano.Monday is _(a, a, the )first day of the week.My favorite animal is _(a, an ,the) cat.二、在需要的地方填入適當(dāng)?shù)墓谠~，不需要的地方填。/1This is _egg. It s _small egg.2Jim has_ big head.3Who is_ girl in green?4-Do you have_ knife?-Yes, I do. I only have_ small one.Lucy and Lily look_ same.Jim is from_ USA. Mike is f

18、rom_ England.7._boy over there is Jim s_ brother. Is that_ cat or_ tiger? It s_ cat.We are in_ Beijing No.2 High School.They are in_ same class.1. There is _“ h” in the word“ honest ”.A. aB. theC. /D. an2.What _ terrible life people in the small island lived at that time!A. anB./C. aD. the3Father of

19、ten says to me,“ Be _ honest boy today and _ usefulman tomorrow.”A. a; aB. an; anC. a; anD. an; a4.Qingdao is _ most beautiful city in summer.A. theB. /C. aD. one So you are running _ restaurant? Yes， but I don t want to make it _ restaurant only for rich people. Have you seen _ pen? I left it here

20、this morning. Is it _ black one? I think I saw it some where.A. a; theB.the; theC. a; aD. the; a7.Oh，John. What _ you gave us!A. a pleasant surpriseB. pleasant surpriseC. an pleasant surpriseD. the pleasant surprise8.John is _ university student.A. /B. anyC. aD. an I d like _ information about the m

21、anagement of your hotel，pease. Well， you could have _ word with the manager. He might be helpful.some; a B. an; some C. some; some D. an; a If you don t like the red，coattake the blue one. OK, but do you have _ size in blue? This one is a bit tight for me.a big B. a bigger C. the big D. the bigger1.

22、 _ doctor told him to take_ medicine three times _ day2.There is _ woman over there _ woman is Merimee s mother_ sun rises in_ east_ Changjiang River is_ longest river in _ China5.Its too hotOpen_ door， please6.Washington is _ capital of _ USA四、總結(jié)與作業(yè)1.單項(xiàng)選擇。1) He often has _ egg and some milk for breakfast.A. /B. aC. theD. an2)-What s the trouble with Lingling?-She doesn t go to_ school and stay in _bed now.A. a; /B. the; theC. /; /D. /; a3)-Do you