初高中銜接教育句子成分-賓語補足語課件(共42張)

1、賓語補足語的用法賓語補足語英語的五個基本結(jié)構(gòu)S 十 V 主謂結(jié)構(gòu)S 十 V 十 P 主系表結(jié)構(gòu)S 十 V 十 O 主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)S 十 V 十 O1 十 O2 主謂雙賓結(jié)構(gòu)S 十 V 十 O 十 C 主謂賓補結(jié)構(gòu)說明：S主語；V謂語；P表語；O賓語；O1間接賓語；O2直接賓語；C賓語補足語 英語的五個基本結(jié)構(gòu)可以加賓補的動詞總結(jié)能帶賓語補足語結(jié)構(gòu)的動詞一定是及物動詞。第一類： doing 表示動作在進(jìn)行； + done 表示被動或狀態(tài) do 表示動作全過程 I hear them sing a song.I hear them singing a song.I hear a song sung.H

2、e heard a distant voice shouting.I could smell Chinese vegetables cooking.感官動詞see, notice, hear, listen to, watch, feel, smell, find, observe等可以加賓補的動詞總結(jié)第一類： 感官動詞see, notice第二類：使役動詞的用法：1.let sb./sth. do sth. 無被動2. do sth. 使某人做某事，sb. be made to do make sb./sth. done 使某人被3. do sth.使某人做某事(無被動) have sb./

3、sth. doing sth. 使某人一直做（動作一直進(jìn)行） done 使某人被 或表示“遭遇不幸”4. to do sth.使某人做某事 get sb./sth. doing sth 使某人一直做（動作一直在進(jìn)行） done使某人被keep/leave+sb/sth+ doing 表動作在進(jìn)行 done 表被動或狀態(tài)Weve just had the house decorated.You must get the car repaired.At my school they dont make us wear school uniform. They let us wear whateve

4、r we like.第二類：使役動詞的用法：第三類：含命名意義的動詞，如call, name, appoint, elect, make, consider等，這類詞所接的賓補一般是名詞。Call me Joe, please.She was elected the president of the company.They have made me the chairman.They have made me a nice chair.第三類：含命名意義的動詞，如call, name, appo第四類：v+sb+to do sth結(jié)構(gòu)中的動詞，所接的賓補多是不定式。常見的動詞有很多，如ask

5、,want, wish(無hope), tell, order, warn, advise(無suggest), allow,permit(無agree), invite, forbid, expect, beg, force, encourage, inspire ,request ,cause send, teach, train, remind, require (無demand), would like , would prefer等等.I wish you to have a good trip.They asked me to tell you how much we apprec

6、iated your help. Help me move the desk, will you?第四類：v+sb+to do sth結(jié)構(gòu)中的動詞，所接的賓補賓語補足語可以由這九類來承擔(dān)： n. / adj. /adv. / 介詞短語 / v.原型 / ing/ v-ed / to do / to be1.We chose him our monitor. n.2.We must make our classroom clean. adj.3.He found the light on. adv.4.The firemen got the fire under control. 介詞短語5.T

7、he teacher let him stand out. v.原型6.Did you hear someone singing? v-ing7.The parents make their children educated.v-ed8.The doctor advised me to have a rest. to do9.We all consider him to be a hero. to be賓語補足語可以由這九類來承擔(dān)：一、主語+謂語+賓語+補足語（名詞）用作賓語補足語的名詞或（補足語）從句，一般表示身份、官銜、職業(yè)、名稱等，而謂語動詞是表示“稱謂”、“認(rèn)可”之類意義的動詞，如c

8、all,choose,elect,find,make,name等。例： 1.He hasnt had anything published and he calls himself a writer! 2.You can call me what you like. 3.He named his son what his father had named him. elect,name,appoint也可跟to be或as引導(dǎo)的短語作賓語補足語，這時to be或as可以省略。They appointed him (to be/as) chairman. 一、主語+謂語+賓語+補足語（名詞）用作

9、賓語補足語的名詞或（二、主語+謂語+賓語+補足語（形容詞） 用作賓語補足語的形容詞是由動詞的動作引起的狀態(tài)、情況或?qū)е碌慕Y(jié)果。這類動詞包括cut,beat,drive,find,get,lay,leave,make,paint,pull,push,set,tear,wish等。例： 1.They beat the prisoner unconscious. 2.We found him (to be) dishonest. 3.The cupboard is stuck and I cant pull it open. 4.Hes dead and its no use wishing him

10、 alive again. 二、主語+謂語+賓語+補足語（形容詞） 用作賓語補足語的形容三、主語+謂語+賓語+（to be）+補足語（形容詞/名詞） 用“(to be)+形容詞/名詞”作賓語補足語，to be?？墒∪?。這類動詞主要包括表示意見、相信或心理狀態(tài)的動詞，如believe,consider,feel,know,observe,prove,see,show,think等。1.He said he considered me (to be) too lazy to be a good worker. 2.He felt the plan to be unwise.(=He felt th

11、at the plan was unwise.) 3.The task proved (to be) more difficult than wed thought. 4.He showed himself (to be) a dishonest rascal. 注意：此類句型一般可以轉(zhuǎn)化為賓語從句。 三、主語+謂語+賓語+（to be）+補足語（形容詞/名詞）四、主語+謂語+it+補足語（形容詞/名詞）+從句/不定式/-ing本句型是句型二、三的拓展。動詞的賓語為從句、不定式、-ing形式，常用it作形式主語，而將真正的賓語移至句末。這類動詞有feel,consider,believe,ma

12、ke,think等。例： I feel it necessary to make a correction. I consider it a great honour to be here with you today. She made it clear that she objected to the proposal. Do you think it possible to finish the work before the end of this month？ 四、主語+謂語+it+補足語（形容詞/名詞）+從句/不定五、主語+謂語+賓語+補足語（帶to的不定式）本句型常用的謂語動詞一

13、般是表示勸告、命令、允許、要求、警告、希望導(dǎo)致、使役等意義的動詞，advise,ask,order,allow,permit/force,encourage,get,persuade,prefer,require,send,tell,want,wish等。例： 1.The doctor ordered me to stay in bed. 2.The soldiers forced their prisoners to give up arms. 3.He persuaded his daughter to change her mind. 4.The director preferred h

14、er to act the old lady. 五、主語+謂語+賓語+補足語（帶to的不定式）本句型常用的謂六、主語+謂語+賓語+補足語（不帶to的不定式）本句型常用的謂語動詞一般是表示感覺的動詞，如see,hear,feel,watch,notice,observe,watch，使役動詞have,let,make以及help，know。例： 1.I saw him put the key in the lock,turn it and open the door. 2.Did you notice me leave the house？3.I would have you know,sir,

15、that the city has fallen to our army. 六、主語+謂語+賓語+補足語（不帶to的不定式）本句型常用的七、主語+謂語+賓語+補足語（-ing形式）本句型常用的謂語動詞一般是表示感覺的動詞和使役動詞，see,hear,feel,watch,notice,observe,smell,catch,get,have,keep,leave,send,set等，賓語和補足語之間邏輯上存在著主謂關(guān)系。例： 1.He looked out through the window and observed me walking along the boat deck. 2.She

16、 stood alone,watching the snow falling outside. 3.Its not hard to get him talking，the problem is stopping him. 4.The sight of her set his heart beating faster. 七、主語+謂語+賓語+補足語（-ing形式）本句型常用的謂語注意：感覺動詞如see,hear,feel,watch,notice,observe,watch等后用動詞不定式，表示聽到或看見整個行動、整個事件的過程，而用現(xiàn)在分詞表示聽到或看見整個行動、整個事件的過程中的一部分。試比

17、較： She watched the children crossing/as they cross the road. 她看到孩子們過街。（即看到他們正在過街，但不一定自始至終） She watched the children cross the road. 她看著孩子們穿過街道。（即留意過街的整個過程）注意：感覺動詞如see,hear,feel,watch,no只能用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補足語的動詞有：catch, keep, mind, prevent, stop, smell, excuse 等。例如： She caught her son smoking a cigarette. His

18、 words started me thinking.catch sb. doing ：抓住某人正在.mind sb. doing : 介意某人做某事imagine sb. doing : 想象某人做某事leave sb./sth. doing : 使得/留下某人.keep sb./sth. doing:使得某人.The policeman caught the thief stealing.He left the light burning.Im sorry to have kept you waiting.注意：leave/keep也可用done做賓補，表示狀態(tài)或被動He left the

19、 homework unfinished.We keep the door closed.只能用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補足語的動詞有：八、主語+謂語+賓語+補足語（-ed形式）本句型常用的謂語動詞一般是表示感覺、愿望的動詞和使役動詞，如see,hear,feel,watch,notice,need,order,like,want,wish,observe,have,let,make等，賓語和補足語之間邏輯上存在著動賓關(guān)系。例： 1.Have you ever heard that song sung in French？ 2.We should keep them informed of what i

20、s going on here. 3.Can you make yourself understood in English？ 4.I want it (to be) done as quickly as possible. 八、主語+謂語+賓語+補足語（-ed形式）本句型常用的謂語動I had my watch repaired.I had my room cleaned.I had my foot injured.She found his hair cut.She found his clothes washed. She found his room cleaned. have sth

21、./sb. done find sth./sb doneHe got his leg injured.He got his camera damaged.He got his glasses broken. get sth./sb doneI saw him beaten by his mother.I saw him bitten by a dog.I saw him robbed by a man. see sth./sb. doneI made him punished. make sth./sb. doneI watched him killed. watch sth./sb done

22、I had my watch repaired.She fo九、主語+謂語+賓語+補足語（介詞短語） 本句型常用的謂語動詞一般是表示感覺的動詞和使役動詞，如consider,hear,find,make等，介詞短語表示狀態(tài)或結(jié)果。例： 1.She considered herself above others. 2.We could hear the children at play outside in the garden. 3.She found everything in good order. 4.I saw both of them at work in the shop. 九、主

23、語+謂語+賓語+補足語（介詞短語） 本句型常用的謂語動 解題要點：首先要知道動詞后是跟to do還是ing，ed, 或是原型。其次要知道他們做賓補的區(qū)別：to do 做賓補常表示要去做的動作。ing 做賓補常表示正在進(jìn)行的或是延續(xù)的動作ed 做賓補常表示被動的動作。 v.原型做賓補常表示動作全過程（跟在感官v.后）此外，ing 和ed 做賓補還可以表示賓語的狀態(tài)，此時類似于adj.最后根據(jù)題目的語境認(rèn)真分析，選出語法和釋義都合理的最佳選項。解題要點： 幾個特殊句式 幾個特殊句式1、With的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)With +n.+V-ingP.P.Vto doAdj.Adv.Prep.1、With的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)

24、With +n.+V-ingP.P.Vwith 賓語過去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中，過去分詞用作介詞 with 的賓語補足語。這一結(jié)構(gòu)通常在句中作時間、方式、條件、原因等狀語。 例如：The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back.兇手被帶進(jìn)來了，他的雙手被綁在背后（表方式）With water heated, we can see the steam. 水一被加熱，我們就會看到水蒸氣。（表條件） With the matter settled, we all went home.事情得到解決，我們都回家了。（表原因） wit

25、h 賓語過去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中，過去分詞用作介詞 wit注意：在這一結(jié)構(gòu)中，當(dāng)賓語為某一身體部位，且作賓補的動詞是及物動詞時，身體部位通常是過去分詞的邏輯賓語，因而過去分詞不可換用現(xiàn)在分詞。 She stood in front of him, with her eyes fixed on his face. 她站在他面前，眼睛注視著他（ fix ones eyes on 為固定短語，因此，不可將句中 fixed 換為 fixing ） He stood for an instant with his hand still raised.他仍然舉著手站了一會兒。注意：在這一結(jié)構(gòu)中，當(dāng)賓語為某一身體部

26、位，且作賓補的動詞是及當(dāng)用某些不及物動詞的分詞形式作身體部位的賓補時，用現(xiàn)在分詞的形式。She felt her heart beating fast. 她覺得心跳很快。（beat 意為“心跳”，是不及物動詞） find/leave 的用法與with相似當(dāng)用某些不及物動詞的分詞形式作身體部位的賓補時，用現(xiàn)在分詞的2、considerregardtreatlook onhavethink of sb/sth to be(as)think of sb as/ think sb to be2、considerregardtreatlook onhaPracticePractice單句改錯The sp

27、eaker raised his voice but still couldnt make himself understand.We all elected Jason the monitor.The teacher asked us not make so much noise. - What a nice fire you have in your fireplace! - During the winter I like my house warmly and comfortable.understoodtowarm單句改錯The speaker raised his voi5. Do

28、nt leave the water run while you brush your teeth.6. He pushed the door opening.7. She looked around and caught a man put his hand into the pocket of a passenger.8. With a lot of difficult problems settle, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.9. When I came in, I found a boy hide behind

29、 the door.10. It was a pity that the great writer died of his works unfinished.runningopenputtingtohiddenwith5. Dont leave the water run w(2016江蘇宿遷市三模)With the 2022 World Cup final in Qatar_ （take）place on December 18，the public fixed sights on the Arab nation，causing the concern of the intense summ

30、er heat.（2016衡水模擬）She will change swiftly the channel when she hears another soldier_(kill)-not wanting to worry about her husband ,a military (武裝)policeman. （2016衡水模擬）Claire had luggage _(check)an hour before her plane left. The two men had their lights _(burn)all night long. Something has gone wro

31、ng with my computer .I ll get it _(repair)tomorrow. Its too noisy outside. Ill have to get the children _(stop)shouting. Elizabeth knew that no woman had ever been permitted _(study)in a medical college.改錯：Emperor Qin Shi Huang had all the walls join up. The old couple often take a walk after supper

32、 in the park with their pet dog followed them.(2016江蘇宿遷市三模)With the 2022 WoPractice morePractice moreExercise:The managers discussed the plan thatthey would like to see_the next year.A.carry out B.carrying out C.carried out D.to carry out2.Mrs. Brown was much disappointedto see the washing machine s

33、he had had_went wrong again.A.it B. it repairedC.repaired D. to be repairedExercise:The managers discusse3.With a lot of difficult problems_,the newlyelected president is having a hard time.A.settled B.settlingC.to settle D.being settled4.With trees,flowers and grass_everywhere, my native town had t

34、akenanew look.A.planting B.plantedC.to plant D.to be planted3.With a lot of difficult prob5. She was glad to see her child well_ care of.A.take B. to be taken C. taken D. taking6.The result of the entrance exams was not made _to the public until last Thursday.A.knowing B. known C.to know D.to be kno

35、wn5. She was glad to see her chi7. I can make you _what I say,butyou cant make yourself_in English.A.understand; understandB.understand, understoodC.to understand, understandD.understand; to be understood7. I can make you _what I 8.He found them_at a table_A.sat; to play chessB.sitting; to play ches

36、sC.seated; playing chessD.seat; play the chess9. John rushed out in a hurry,_the door_.A.leaving; unlocked B.leaving;unlockingC.left, unlocked D.to leave;unlocking8.He found them_at a table_10.We are pleased to see the problem_ so quickly.A .settled B .settling C.be settled D .having been settled11.

37、I could feel the wind _on my face from an open window.A .to blow B.blowing C.to be blowing D .blown10.We are pleased to see the pTell him _ the window.to shut not B. not to shut C. to not shut D. not shut2. -Theres a hole in your bag. - I know, Im going to have it _.mend B. mending C. mended D. to be mended3. Though he had often made his little sister _, today he was made _ by his