英語語法講解現(xiàn)在完成時講解課件

1、語法講解現(xiàn)在完成時The Present Perfect Tense語法講解現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成時的構(gòu)成I have already brushed my teeth.過去分詞肯定句：主語 + have/has + done否定句：主語 + have/has + not + done疑問句：Have/Has + 主語 + doneYes, 主+have/has. No, 主+havent/hasnt.現(xiàn)在完成時的構(gòu)成I have already brushedHe has finished his homework.He has not finished his homework.Has he

2、finished his homework?Yes, he has./No, he hasnt.My parents have been to the USA.My parents havent been to the USA.Have your parents been to the USA?Yes, they have./No, they havent.He has finished his homework.過去分詞的變化規(guī)則1. 直接加-ed, 如：worked2. 不發(fā)音-e結(jié)尾, 加d, 如：hoped3. 輔音+y結(jié)尾的，把y變i加ed, 如：carried4. 重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，

3、雙寫輔音字母+ed, 如：stopped過去分詞的變化規(guī)則1. 直接加-ed, 如：worked2.過去分詞的不規(guī)則形式AAA型（三種形式都一樣）cost-cost-cost hit-hit-hitput-put-put read-read-readABB型（過去式與過去分詞相同）buy-bought-bought catch-caught-caughtfind-found-found have-had-had過去分詞的不規(guī)則形式AAA型（三種形式都一樣）cost-co過去分詞的不規(guī)則形式ABA型（原形與過去分詞相同）come-came-comebecome-became-becomeABC型

4、（三種都不一樣）do-did-donego-went-gonetake-took-takenwrite-wrote-written過去分詞的不規(guī)則形式ABA型（原形與過去分詞相同）come-現(xiàn)在完成時的用法1past now future 對現(xiàn)在有影響Yesterday , they cleaned the classroom.Now , the classroom is clean because they have cleaned it.用法1強(qiáng)調(diào)過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果或影響。 現(xiàn)在完成時的用法1past now future 對現(xiàn)在有影1. I saw this film las

5、t week.Now, I know this film because I have seen it before . 2. I did my homework yesterday.Now, I can give it to the teacher because I have done it.3.She had breakfast in the morning.Now, she is not hungry because she has had breakfast.現(xiàn)在完成時的用法11. I saw this film last week.現(xiàn)用法2：過去發(fā)生的動作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。past

6、now future I began to teach English at this school fiveyears ago.I have taught English at this school for five years.現(xiàn)在完成時的用法2past now future I began to tea1. She is a doctor. She began to work when she was 20. Now , she is 28. She has worked for eight years.2. They went to London last Saturday. Tod

7、ay is Saturday. They have stayed in London since last Saturday.現(xiàn)在完成時的用法21. She is a doctor. She began 現(xiàn)在完成時的標(biāo)志詞already“已經(jīng)”通常用于肯定句中,放在句中。 I have already read this book. She has already finished her homework.yet “仍然，還 ” 用在疑問句和否定句中，放在句末。I havent read this book yet .Have you had breakfast yet ?現(xiàn)在完成時的標(biāo)志詞

8、already現(xiàn)在完成時的標(biāo)志詞ever“曾經(jīng)” 通常用于疑問句和肯定句中,放在句中。 I have ever seen this film. Have you ever been to the USA ?never“從來不”,放在句中,表示否定。Is he famous ? I have never heard of him.She has never been to Canada.現(xiàn)在完成時的標(biāo)志詞ever現(xiàn)在完成時的標(biāo)志詞just“剛剛 ”用在陳述句中,放在句中。 I have just bought a novel. She has just had dinner.before“以前”

9、用在完成時中，放在句末。have never read this kind of books before. Have you been to Shanghai before?現(xiàn)在完成時的標(biāo)志詞just現(xiàn)在完成時since and forfor + 時間段for 2 yearsfor a long timesince+時間點since 2 years agosince 1998since she came to the schoolThe young teacher has worked at this school for 2 years.( since two years ago)現(xiàn)在完成

10、時since and forfor + 時間段用for和since填空。_three hours_three oclock_two days_yesterday afternoon_I came here_last Sunday_a week_a long time_1997 _two weeks_three years ago _ last month用for和since填空。_three hours用for和since填空。_three hours_three oclock_two days_yesterday afternoon_I came here_last Sunday_a wee

11、k_a long time_1997 _two weeks_three years ago _ last monthforforforforforsincesincesincesincesincesincesince用for和since填空。_three hours現(xiàn)在完成時since and forI have been here for 5 weeks.Hes studied English for 3 years.She has worked for 10 hours.I have been here since 2000.He has worked as a lawyer since

12、5 years ago.Theyve lived in Shanghai since they married in 2000.現(xiàn)在完成時since and forI have been 現(xiàn)在完成時since and for對for或since引導(dǎo)的時間狀語提問用how longHes studied English for 3 years.How long has he studied English?Theyve lived in Shanghai since they married in 2000.How long have they lived in Shanghai?現(xiàn)在完成時si

13、nce and for對for或since引導(dǎo)現(xiàn)在完成時其他用法1.現(xiàn)在完成時可與recently（最近）, so far （到目前為止）,in the past（在過去） in the last few years(在過去的幾年）等時間狀語連用。2.現(xiàn)在完成時可與 once ,twice , three times ,several times 等表重復(fù)次數(shù)的詞語連用?，F(xiàn)在完成時其他用法1.現(xiàn)在完成時可與recently（最近）考點一一般過去時現(xiàn)在完成時 概念（語境） 標(biāo)志詞 考點一一般過去時 概念（語境） 過去 現(xiàn)在 現(xiàn)在完成時：即著眼過去，也著眼現(xiàn)在。強(qiáng)調(diào)影響性和結(jié)果性。Mike has

14、 left here.She is not here now. 過去 過去 一般過去時：只著眼于過去，不著眼于現(xiàn)在。只表示過去的某個具體時間里發(fā)生的動作，與現(xiàn)在沒有聯(lián)系。 Mike left here five minutes ago.過去 一般過去yesterday, the day before yesterdaylast week (year, night, month)ago, long long agoat the age of fivejust nowin1989forsinceup to now,by far, so faryet, recently,In the last fe

15、w years一般過去時現(xiàn)在完成時yesterday, the day before yest We _to learn English five years ago. We _ it for five years up to now. A. began; learned B. begin; have learned C. have begun; had learned D. began; have learnedD We _to learn English 考點二延續(xù)性動詞與非延續(xù)性動詞考點二延續(xù)性動詞與I have borrowed the book for six months.XI h

16、ave kept the book for six months.非延續(xù)性動詞延續(xù)性動詞持續(xù)性I have borrowed the book for s非延續(xù)性動詞延續(xù)性動詞 buyhaveborrowkeepjoinbe in begin/startbe oncome/go be inleavebe awaydiebe deadend/finishbe over開始結(jié)束死買賣來去借入不離開for, since, how long要跟延續(xù)性動詞連用非延續(xù)性動詞延續(xù)性動詞 buyhaveborrowkeepj How long have your parents _? For about 15

17、 years. A. left their hometown B. got to Jinan C. joined the ping-pong club D. worked in this cityD How long have your pare How long have you _? For almost ten years. A. owned this garden B. bought this car C. arrived in Shanghai D. come to this townA How long has your sister_? For nearly three mont

18、hs. A. borrowed the book B. become a teacher C. got to Jinan D. kept the bikeD How long have you _ I have waited for the bus for twenty minutes. (劃線部分提問) _ _ have you waited for the bus? Susan has been a volunteer in the hospital for three years. (劃線部分提問) _ _ has Susan been a volunteer in the hospital ? HowlongHowlong I have waited for the bus for考點三 have been to, have gone to,考點三 have been to, 找規(guī)律She has gone to th