現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)講解及練習(xí)題含答案

1、時(shí)態(tài)解說：現(xiàn)在達(dá)成時(shí)(1)組成：現(xiàn)在達(dá)成時(shí)由助動(dòng)詞have+過去分詞組成，助動(dòng)詞have有人稱和數(shù)的變化。第三人稱單數(shù)用has,其余用have.現(xiàn)在達(dá)成時(shí)的否認(rèn)式直接在助動(dòng)詞后邊加上not、疑問式是把助動(dòng)詞提到主語以前。以study為例，其否認(rèn)式、疑問式和簡單回答形式以下：否認(rèn)式疑問式Ihavenot(havent)studied-HaveIstudiedYouhavenot(havent)studiedHaveyoustudiedHehasnot(hasnt)studiedHashestudied否認(rèn)疑問式簡單回答(必定/否認(rèn))HaveInot(HaventI)studiedYes,youh

2、ave.No,youhavenHaveyounot(Haventyou)studiedYes,Ihave.No,Ihavent.Hashenot(Hasnthe)studiedYes,hehas.No,hehasnt.(2)用法：1)現(xiàn)在達(dá)成時(shí)過去表示在說話以前已經(jīng)達(dá)成的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。說話人重申的是該動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)對現(xiàn)在的結(jié)果或影響。Mydaughterhasjustgoneout.我女兒剛出去。Imsurewevemetbe我必定我們以前見過面。Shehasarrived.她到了。表示連續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，經(jīng)常和包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用，女口recently,already,j

3、ust,lately,for,shce,yet:Ihaventheardfromherthesedays.這些日子我沒有收到她的信。Wehaventseenyourecently.近來我們沒有見到你。Theyhavebeenawayfortwoyears.他們走開已經(jīng)兩年了。ShehasbeenwithussinceMonday.A、八,、;注意：1)sinee和for的差異sinee后接時(shí)間點(diǎn)，如1993,lastterm,yesterday,thetimeIgotthere久”，女口tenyears,awhile,twodays等。Exercise:用since禾口for填空1.Jimha

4、sbeeninIreland_Monday.threedays.3.HisaunthaslivedinAustralia_15days.beenthere_7oclock.5.Indiahasbeenanindependentcountry_1974.beenwaiting_20minutes.Theyhaveleftonlyfor5minutes.xfor后接一段時(shí)間,表示長達(dá)多JillhasbeeninIreland_Maryisinheroffice.ShehasThebusislate.Theyve7.Nobodylivesinthosehouses.Theyhavebeenempty

5、_manyyears.8.Mikehasbeenill_alongtime.Hehasbeeninhospital_October.2)表示短暫意義的動(dòng)詞如arrive,leave,borrow,buy,begin,start,die等，在達(dá)成時(shí)中間不能夠和表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用，因?yàn)樗鼈儽硎镜膭?dòng)作不能能連續(xù)。因此，不能夠說：Hehascomeherefor2weeks.xTheoldmanhasdiedfor4months.x以上三句話能夠改為：Hehasbeenherefor2weeks.Theyhave_onlyfor5minutes.Theoldmanhas_for4months.3)

6、have(has)been和have(has)gone的差異：表示曾到過某地要用“have(has)been表示已經(jīng)去某地要用“have(has)gone。試比較：Wherehashebeen他剛才到哪里去了(已經(jīng)回來了)Wherehashegone他上哪兒去了(人不在)TheyhavebeentoCanada.他們到過加拿大。(現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在加拿大)TheyhavegonetoCanada.他們到加拿大去了。(可能在路上和已經(jīng)到加拿大)4)現(xiàn)在達(dá)成時(shí)不能夠和表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用，如yesterday,lastyear,in1976,twodaysago,justnow,whenIcamein

7、，但能夠禾口already,yet,sometimes,always,often,before,lately,recently,once,twice,ever,never等連用。好似：Shehasalreadycome.她已經(jīng)來了。Ihavenreadityet.我還沒讀過這個(gè)。Ihavemethimbefore.我以前曾見過他。MaHonghasalwaysbeenagoodstudent.馬紅素來是個(gè)好學(xué)生。Ihaveoftenseenhiminthestreet.我經(jīng)常在街上看見他。TheyhaveneverbeentoYan他彳們從未去過延安。Ihaventseenhimlately.

8、我近來沒看到他。IrregularVerbsBaseFormPastFormPastParticiplebearborebornbeatbeatbeatenbecomebecamebecomeblowblewblownbringbroughtbroughtbuildbuiltbuiltbuyboughtboughtcatchcaughtcaughtchoosechosechosencomecamecomedodiddonedrinkdrankdrunkdrivedrovedriveneatateeatenfallfellfallenfindfoundfoundflyflewflowngetgo

9、tgotgivegavegivengowentgonegrowgrewgrownhavehadhadhearheardheardkeepkeptkeptleaveleftleftloselostlostmakemademadeputputputreadreadreadrunranrunsaysaidsaidseesawseensellsoldsoldsendsentsentsingsangsungsinksank/sunksunktaketooktakenteachtaughttaughtwritewrotewroteam,iswasbeenarewerebeenExercise:I.Fill

10、intheblankswiththeproperform.I.1_already_(see)thefilm.I_(see)itlastweek._(finish)hisworktodayNotyet.3.Myfather_just_(come)backfromwork.Heistirednow.MingHe_(go)totheteachersoffice.5.I_(work)heresinceI_(move)herein1999._(make)quiteafewfriendshere.Howlong_theWangs_(stay)hereFortwoweeks._just_(finish)my

11、homework.He_(go)toschoolonfooteveryday._(find)yourscieneebookyetIfit_(be)finetomorrow,Illgowithyou.students_(read)Englishwhentheteachercamein.13.Look!Themonkey_(climb)thetree.mother_(come)toseemenextSunday.15.Ivelostmypen.you_(see)itanywhereII.Choosethebestanswer.1.HowlonghaveyouhereA.comeB.gotC.arr

12、ivedD.been2.Mygrandpadied_._heWheresLiSofarIIyouTheA.attheageofmy2C.when1was2.3.Janehas_toBeiJing.Shewillcomebacktomorrow.A.beenB.goneC.went4.ItistenyearsIlastsawher.A.afterB.sinceC.forwillgotothestationtomeetLorry-Iwill.Iherseveraltimes.A.metB.havemetC.hadmet6.-Whatanicedress!Howlongyouit-Just2week

13、s.A.will,buyB.did,buyC.are,havingyouknowLydiaverywell-Yes,SheandI_friendssincewewereveryyoung.A.havemadeB.havebecomeC.havebeen8.TheSmithsinChinafor8years.A.haslivedB.livedC.havebeen9.-Hello,thisisMr.Greenspeaking.CanIspeaktoMr.Black-Sorry.He_theBainiaoPark.A.hasbeentoB.hasgonetoC.wentto10.-youeverto

14、theUS-Yes,twice.A.Have,goneB.Have,beenC,Do,goB.for2yearsD.myagewas6.D.neverbeenD.thatD.willmeetD.have,hadD.haveturnedD.liveD.willgotoD.were,goingIII.Rewritethesentences.1.1havebeentoMacaubefore.I（改為否認(rèn)句）beentoMacaubefore.2.Hehasntcometoschoeiausehewasill.hecometoschool（就劃線部散提問）3.Iboughanewbikejustnow

15、.（用just改寫）Ijust_anewbike.4.WebegantolearnEnglishthreeyearsago.（改為同義句）We_English_threeyears5.Hehasneversurfed,_（改成反意疑問句）6.Theyhavebeenheresince2000.（對劃線部散提問）_havetheybeenhere7.Theoldman_lastyear.Hehasforayear.（die）（動(dòng)詞填空）8.MissGaoleftanhourago.（同義句變換）MissGaohasanhourago.IV.Askthequestions1）Ihavebeenth

16、erefortwodays.you_2）Myfatherhaslivedheresince2000.yourfather_3）Helefthereyesterday.he_4）Theyboughtabooktwohoursago._theyabookV.Use“never,ever,already,just,yet,for,since”tofillintheblanks.1.Ihave_seenhimbefore,soIhavenoideaabouthim.2.Jackhas_finishedhishomework.3.Mr.Wanghastaughtinthisschool_tenyears

17、.4.“Haveyou_seenthefilm”“No,Ihave_seenit.”5.“Hasthebusleft_”“Yes,ithas_left.”現(xiàn)在達(dá)成時(shí)練習(xí)題及答案一、翻譯以下句子：你以前吃過魚和薯?xiàng)l嗎我以前素來沒去過那個(gè)農(nóng)場。你已經(jīng)看過這部電影了嗎7.這本詞典我已買了三年了。我認(rèn)識(shí)他們五年了。11.自從他搬到濟(jì)寧，他就住這兒了。已經(jīng)三年。自從1999年以來他們就認(rèn)識(shí)。了。、用since和for填空yearsyearsago4oockl9._wewerechildrenlunchtimeHehaslivedinNanjing_theyearbeforelast.Ivkenownhi

18、m_wewerechildren.studiedJapanese_threeyears.Shehasbeenawayfromthecity_yearssheleftthecity.我剛才丟了我的化學(xué)書。他已經(jīng)吃過午飯我哥哥還沒回來。他走開中國三年了。他們已去了美國五年了。我妹妹成為一個(gè)大學(xué)生month199974hourshouragoshelefthere14.Ourteacherhasabouttenyears.16.Itabsoutten三、結(jié)束性動(dòng)詞變換為以下連續(xù)性動(dòng)詞或許表示能夠連續(xù)的狀態(tài)的短語。arriveat/insp/getto/reachsp/come/go/movetosp

19、Tbeinsp/atschool/athome/onthefarm/behere/bethere1)HegottoBeijingfiveminutesBeijingfor2)ImovedtotheUSAin2008.ItheUSAsince3)Iwenthomeyesterday.Ihomefor4)Theycameherelastweek.They_heresincecometo/gobackto/returntoTbebacktogooutTbeout1)Hecameouttwoyears_for.2)WereturntoBeijing_toBeijingsince_.become宀be1

20、)Ibecameateacherin2000.I_ateacherfor.2)Theriverbecamedirtylastyear.Theriver_dirtyfor_.closeTbeclosedopenbeopen1)Theshopclosedtwohoursago.Theshop_for_2)Thedooropenedatsixinthedoor_forsixhours.getuptbe；updietebdead；leavesp.tbeawayfromsp.fallasleep/gettotsleept；bfeiniasshle/eepndtbe；ovmearrrytbemarrie；

21、d1)Igotuptwohours_since_.2)HeleftShanghaijust_Shanghaiforfiveminutes.3)Mygrandpadiedingrandpa_for_.4)Themeetingfinishedatmeeting_forsixhours.5)Igottosleeptwohoursago.I_since_.6)Theymarriedin1990.They_since.start/begintodosth.Ibegantoteachatthisschoolin1995.Thefilmbegantwominutesago.t；bdeogsinth.beon

22、_atthisschoolsince_Thefilm_for_borrowtkee；plosetnothave；buythave；putontwearcatch/getacoldthav；eagceotldtoknowtknow1)Theyborroweditlastweek.They_itsince2)Iboughtapentwohoursago.I_apenfor_3)Igottoknowhimlastyear.Ihimsince_4)Iputonmyglassesthreeyearsago.I_myglassesfor_have/hasgonetothavebeeninHehasgone

23、to_Beijingfortwodays.jointheleague/theParty/thearmytbealeaguemember/aPartymember/asoldiertbeamemberoftheleague/thePartytbeintheleague/theParty/thearmyHejoinedtheleaguein2002.He_afortwoyears.He_a_thefortwoyears.He_theleaguefortwoyears.Mybrotherjoinedthearmytwoyearsago.Mybrothera_for_Mybrother_infortw

24、oyears.四、劃線提問1)Ihavebeentherefortwodays._you_2)Myfatherhaslivedheresince2000._yourfather_Helefthereyesterday._he_Theyboughtabooktwohoursago._they_abook五、用have(has)been或have(has)gone填空。Where_LiFei_He_toHainanIsland.He_thereforthreedays.Whenwillhecomeback,doyouknowB:Imafraidhewontcomebackrecently.Coul

25、dyoutellmethewaytoHainanIslandSorry,I_never_there.Howmanytimes_LiFei_tothatplaceHe_thereonlyonce.六、用have/hasbeento/in,havegoneto及go的各樣形式填空。WhereisJackHe_hiscountry.David_theparkjustnow.John_Englandsincehecameback.4)Howlong_they_thisvillageTheSmiths_Beijingforyears.6)_youever_America-Yes,I_theremanyt

26、imes.I_thisschoolsincethreeyearsago.8)WhereisJimHe_thefarm.9)When_he_He_anhourago.10)Wouldyouliketo_tothezoowithme-Yes,butI_therebefore.11)Where_you_now-I_tothezoo.Heoften_swimming._you_therelastyear14)_theyoften_skatinginwinter七用never,ever,already,just,yet,for,since填空1.Ihave_seenhimbefore,soIhaveno

27、ideaabouthim.Jackhas_finishedhishomework.Mr.Wanghastaughtinthisschool_tenyears.4.“Haveyou_seenthefilm”“No,Ihave_seenit.5.“Hasthebusleft_”“Yes,ithas_left.”八.用適合的時(shí)態(tài)填空：s_(live)hereeversinceshewasten.ofthem(be)inHongkongfortendays.ofthem_(come)toHongkongtendaysago.4.Halfanhour_(pass)sincethetrain_(leave

28、).Mary_(lose)herpen._you_(see)ithereandthere_you_(find)yourwatchyet7.-Areyouthirsty-NoI_just_(have)someorange.8.Wealready_(return)thebook._they_(build)anewschoolinthevillage10.I(notfinish)myhomework.Canyouhelpme11.Myfather_(read)thenoveltwice.I_(buy)abookjustnow.I_(lost)mywatchyesterday.Myfather_(re

29、ad)thisbooksinceyesterday.答案一翻譯以下句子：Haveyoueverhad/eatenfishandchips2.Ihavejustlostmychemistrybook.3.Ihaveneverbeentothefarmbefore.4.Hehasalreadyhadlunch=Hehashadlunchalready.5.Haveyouseenthemovieyet6.Mybrotherhasncotme/get/beenbackyet=Mybrotherhasnreturnedyet.Ihavehadthisdictionaryforthreeyears/sin

30、cethreeyearsago.8.HasbeenawayfromChinaforthreeyears.Ihaveknownthemforfiveyears.TheyhavebeenintheUSAforfiveyears.HehasbeenheresincehemovedtoJining.12.Mysisterhasbeenacollegestudentforthreeyears=Mysisterhasbeenincollegeforthreeyears.13.Theyhaveknowneachothersince1999.14.Ihavebeeninthisschoolforoverthr

31、eeyears.二、用since或許for填空for2.since3.since4.since5.since6.since7.for8since10.sincesince13.since16.since三、結(jié)束性動(dòng)詞變換為以下連續(xù)性動(dòng)詞或許表示能夠連續(xù)的狀態(tài)的短語1.hasbeenin,fiveminuteshavebeenin,2008havebeenat,twodayshavebeen,lastweek1.havebeenout,twoyearshavebeenback,yesterday1.havebeen,nineyearshasbeen,twoyears1.hasbeenclosed,twohourshasbeenopen1.havebeenup,twohoursagohasbeenawayfromhasbeendead,sevenyearshasbeenoverhavebeenasleep,twohoursagohavebeen