國(guó)外對(duì)建筑專(zhuān)業(yè)的要求課件

1、國(guó)外對(duì)建筑專(zhuān)業(yè)的要求Overseas for building professional requirements目錄（contents） 法國(guó)（France）日本（Japan）德國(guó)（Germany）法國(guó)的建筑專(zhuān)業(yè)是什么樣的呢？（ what is kind of French architecture？）建筑是一門(mén)既需要美學(xué)才華又需要科學(xué)素養(yǎng)的專(zhuān)業(yè)。在法國(guó)，共有20所公立建筑設(shè)計(jì)學(xué)院，為文化部直屬學(xué)校，巴黎地區(qū)共有6所，其余分布在外省。建筑學(xué)院本科學(xué)制3年，碩士2年，全部免費(fèi)教育。（Architecture is a need to have both aesthetic talent and

2、 the need to accomplishment of science in France, there are professional 20 public architecture design institute, directly under the ministry of culture, school for six Paris area, the rest in provincial construction of undergraduate education in distribution system 3 years, masters 2 years, all fre

3、e education）本科段學(xué)習(xí)以基礎(chǔ)課程為主：如繪畫(huà)、美學(xué)、歷史以及一些基礎(chǔ)的建筑課程。 此階段學(xué)生淘汰率較高，一般達(dá)到百分之三十，但隨年級(jí)的增高，淘汰率逐漸降低；碩士階段以建筑和城市規(guī)劃的理論、實(shí)踐為主；在此期間，學(xué)生有著很大的自由度，根據(jù)個(gè)人喜好選擇研究方向，如“環(huán)境”、“城市規(guī)劃”和“土地規(guī)劃“等。最后一年畢業(yè)時(shí)，需準(zhǔn)備至少30頁(yè)的論文，并通過(guò)論文答辯。Undergraduate course paragraph on the basic learning course: such as painting aesthetics history and some basic archi

4、tecture program. This stage student attrition rate thirty percent higher, general, but over grade of increased gradually reduced attrition rate; Masters stage in the construction and urban planning of theory and practice for the Lord; During this period, they have a lot of freedom, choose according

5、to individual be fond of research direction, such as the environment city planning and land planning etc.獲得碩士文憑后，如果學(xué)生想獲得從業(yè)資格，那就必須要繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)1年，然后在答辯合格以后可以獲得建筑師文憑HMONP.取得建筑師文憑，是每個(gè)建筑學(xué)學(xué)生的夢(mèng)想，意味著他們經(jīng)過(guò)了六年（至少六年）的學(xué)習(xí)，終于成為了國(guó)家注冊(cè)建筑師，有權(quán)在歐盟國(guó)家內(nèi)執(zhí)業(yè)。For a masters degree, if students want to obtain qualifications, it will ha

6、ve to continue to learn 1 year, and then the defense eligible can get architect HMONP diploma. Get the diploma, is every architect for students of architecture dream, means they after six years (at least six years) of learning, and finally become the national registered architects, have the right to

7、 in the light-建筑設(shè)計(jì)知識(shí)（建筑科學(xué)與技術(shù)、藝術(shù)表達(dá)、藝術(shù)理論與藝術(shù)史、與建筑設(shè)計(jì)相關(guān)的人文與社會(huì)科學(xué)、城市規(guī)劃與風(fēng)景理論）。Architecture design knowledge (building science and technology art expression of art theory and art and architecture design of humanities and social science related to the urban planning and landscape theory).他們頒發(fā)的文憑有(They issued

8、a diploma)：-“政府認(rèn)可建筑設(shè)計(jì)師文憑”為法國(guó)建筑設(shè)計(jì)專(zhuān)業(yè)最重要的文憑.government recognised building stylist diploma for French architectural design professional the most important degree.-“政府認(rèn)可風(fēng)景設(shè)計(jì)師文憑”課程government recognised the landscape architect diploma course二、是由大學(xué)建筑設(shè)計(jì)專(zhuān)業(yè)提供的高等教育國(guó)家文憑：DESS和DEA。這兩種文憑，大學(xué)可以單獨(dú)授予或與有資格的建筑設(shè)計(jì)學(xué)院聯(lián)合頒發(fā)。專(zhuān)

9、業(yè)注冊(cè)費(fèi)用：250歐元左右。it is the university architecture design of higher education countries provide professional diploma: DESS and DEA this two kinds of diploma, the university can be alone or with a qualified awarded architectural design institute jointly issued professional registration fee: around 250 e

10、uros .日本對(duì)建筑專(zhuān)業(yè)有哪些方面的要求（Japan to what aspects of the architectural requirements） 在世界建筑發(fā)展大潮中，日本建筑無(wú)疑是令人矚目的。作為經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化、科技三者結(jié)合的產(chǎn)物，日本當(dāng)代建筑創(chuàng)造了建筑史上劃時(shí)代的作品。日本的當(dāng)代文學(xué)、美術(shù)、音樂(lè)似乎還沒(méi)有日本當(dāng)代建筑這樣高的成就。 In world architecture development flood tide, Japanese architecture is undoubtedly remarkable. As the economic culture and the

11、combination of the three, contemporary Japanese architecture creating the building history landmark works of contemporary literature art music Japan does not yet seem to contemporary architecture of such a high Japan achievement. 日本建筑士注冊(cè)制度 一級(jí)建筑士、二級(jí)建筑士或結(jié)構(gòu)建筑士的考試，每年至少進(jìn)行一次，一級(jí)建筑士考試由建設(shè)大臣主持，二級(jí)建筑士或木結(jié)構(gòu)建筑士考試由

12、都道府縣知事主持。 Level 1 and level 2 construction and building or structure building and the test, at least once a year, building and construction level exam presided over by the minister, level 2 buildings and timberwork building by the exam or all way FuXian prophetic chair.一級(jí)建筑士、二級(jí)建筑士的考試，是考察其設(shè)計(jì)和工程監(jiān)理方面的基

13、礎(chǔ)知識(shí)和基本技能。分為學(xué)科考試和設(shè)計(jì)制圖考試兩部分。學(xué)科考試合格者方能參加設(shè)計(jì)制圖考試。 Level 1 and level 2 construction and building of examinations, is its design and project supervision investigation foundation knowledge and basic skills into subject test and design drawing test two parts subject to pass the exam can design drawing the ex

14、am.學(xué)科考試合格者、設(shè)計(jì)制圖不合格時(shí)，在以后的2年中可以免除學(xué)科考試。一級(jí)建筑士的學(xué)科考試分為四個(gè)部分即第一部分包括建筑設(shè)計(jì)、環(huán)境工程、建筑設(shè)備；第二部分包括建筑法規(guī)；第三部分包括結(jié)構(gòu)力學(xué)、各種建筑結(jié)構(gòu)、建筑材料；第四部分包括建筑施工、建筑預(yù)算。二級(jí)建筑士的學(xué)科考試有設(shè)計(jì)、法規(guī)、結(jié)構(gòu)、施工四個(gè)方面。Subject given all design drawings unqualified, in the later two years should be exempt from discipline construction and test of the test subjects lev

15、el is divided into four parts namely the first part includes building design environment engineering construction equipment; The second part includes building regulations; The third part includes structure mechanics of building structure construction materials; The fourth film.日本土木設(shè)計(jì)技術(shù)者資格制度包括兩種制度即：技

16、術(shù)士制度和RCCM制度。Japan civil design technology qualification system including the two system namely: technology and system and RCCM system.對(duì)建筑師工程師資格的確認(rèn)，重視其學(xué)歷教育，但更注重其實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)。日本是發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家，其國(guó)民的教育素質(zhì)也很高。盡管如此，日本對(duì)建筑師、工程師資格的確認(rèn)。重視學(xué)歷教育，但更注重其實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)。例如：建設(shè)大臣確認(rèn)與一級(jí)建筑士考試資格條例同等的知識(shí)和技能的人員，可以參加一級(jí)建筑士考試；沒(méi)有學(xué)歷，有7年以上實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)者，可以參加二級(jí)建筑士考試；沒(méi)有學(xué)歷

17、，有7年以上實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)者，可以參加技術(shù)士考試。For architects engineer qualification confirmation, pay attention to its degree education, but pay more attention to the practice experience. Japan is a developed country, the national education quality is very high also still, Japan for architects engineer qualification confir

18、mation attention degree education, but pay more attention to the practice experience. For example: construction minister confirmed and level 1 architecture and test qualifications act the same level of knowledge and skills of the staff, may participate in the building and the level exam; No degree,

19、with seven years of practice experience, may participate in the building and the second test; No degree, with seven years of practice experience, can participate in technology and test.德國(guó)的建筑專(zhuān)業(yè)German architecture德國(guó)的大學(xué)和應(yīng)用技術(shù)大學(xué)都開(kāi)設(shè)建筑學(xué)專(zhuān)業(yè)。對(duì)于德國(guó)學(xué)生的錄取條件是中學(xué)畢業(yè)考成績(jī)?cè)?.9分-2.6分之間。 Germanys university and application

20、 technology in universities in the German architecture speciality students admitted to the condition is high school graduation examination results in 1.9 points to 2.6 points in between.綜合性大學(xué)和藝術(shù)學(xué)院的專(zhuān)業(yè)設(shè)置。 Comprehensive university school of the arts and professional setting 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)學(xué)習(xí)年限：9至10個(gè)學(xué)期 實(shí)習(xí)：進(jìn)入大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)之前，或

21、在大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程中參加實(shí)習(xí)，為期3至6個(gè)月，在建筑業(yè)或者與建筑相關(guān)的行業(yè)和建筑辦（規(guī)劃辦公室）的實(shí)習(xí)時(shí)間各占一半。Standard learning age: 9 to 10 term practice: before enter university study, or in the university in the process of learning in practice, for three to six months, and in construction or building related industry and building do (planning office

22、) each half of the practice time基礎(chǔ)階段學(xué)習(xí)：講授課、練習(xí)課和實(shí)驗(yàn)課Basic study stage: speak teaching practice and experiment.包括以下主修課程：畫(huà)法幾何學(xué)、建筑測(cè)繪和測(cè)量學(xué)、繪畫(huà)和設(shè)計(jì)、建筑設(shè)計(jì)和規(guī)劃基礎(chǔ)、樓房建筑學(xué)、建筑物學(xué)、建筑化學(xué)、建筑材料學(xué)、建筑成本規(guī)劃、電子數(shù)據(jù)處理在建筑業(yè)中的應(yīng)用、建筑和藝術(shù)史、建筑物技術(shù)裝備、建筑法和城市規(guī)劃。 Including the following the majors: drawing surveying and mapping and measuring lea

23、rn geometry construction drawing and design architecture design and planning to study architecture building architecture building foundation chemical building material science building cost planning the electronic data processing in the application architecture and art history construction technical

24、 equipment and building construction of city planning.專(zhuān)業(yè)階段學(xué)習(xí)：通過(guò)完成較大的設(shè)計(jì)和學(xué)習(xí)論文深入學(xué)習(xí)所有課程，尤其是建筑設(shè)計(jì)和規(guī)劃課程，并學(xué)習(xí)掌握經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)和法學(xué)的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)。諸如生存環(huán)境規(guī)劃和自然風(fēng)景區(qū)規(guī)劃之類(lèi)的提高課程也變得越來(lái)越重要。 Professional study stage: through the complete design and study of the larger paper into learning all courses, particularly architectural design and pl

25、an curriculum, and learn the foundation of economic society and law knowledge such as living environment planning and natural scenic spots such as improving course of planning is also becoming more important.在城鎮(zhèn)建設(shè)專(zhuān)業(yè)學(xué)習(xí)中非常重要的課程有：建筑史，生態(tài)學(xué)基礎(chǔ)，規(guī)劃學(xué)，地方市政規(guī)劃，地方/區(qū)域生存環(huán)境規(guī)劃，文物保護(hù)，交通學(xué)和法學(xué)。 畢業(yè)：碩士考試In the urban construction in major