代詞精講及練習(xí)

1、代 詞 用 法（教師版） 人稱代詞、物主代詞、反身代詞一表清（以后會(huì)作為詞匯默寫本表格）人稱代詞物主代詞反身代詞主格賓格形容詞性名詞性第一 人稱單數(shù)I復(fù)數(shù)第二 人稱單數(shù)you復(fù)數(shù)AVr * 第二人稱單數(shù)hesheit復(fù)數(shù)作用主語(yǔ)賓、表語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)主、表、賓語(yǔ)賓、表、同位語(yǔ)物主代詞形容詞性物主代詞在句中做定語(yǔ)修飾名詞，一般不單獨(dú)使用。名詞性物主代詞常用來(lái)避免與前面提及的名詞重復(fù)，相當(dāng)于“形容詞性物主代詞+名詞”。This is not our room. Ours is over there. (our room = ours)“of +名詞性物主代詞”表示所屬Tom is a friend of m

2、ine TOC o 1-5 h z She is a friend of .A. my B. mine C. IThis isnt my pen ,it is .A. her B. his C. himFrank cant find dictionary . Can you lend to ?A. her , mine , her B. / , yours , he C. his , yours , him it的用法it既是賓格又可以做主格，有時(shí)也可以指人。代表前面提到過(guò)的事物。如:My pen is missing. I can t find it anywhere.用來(lái)指人，主要指嬰兒或

3、者身份不明的人Who is knocking at the door? It is me.The woman had a baby. It was five months old.表示時(shí)間、距離、天氣等。如:It will be sunny tomorrow.作形式主語(yǔ)或者形式賓語(yǔ)。如:I found it difficult to learn English well first.It is impossible for us to learn a foreign language.it 固定句型做某事情對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)是It is + adj, (+for sb.) +to do sth.It

4、is hard for me to do this work.輪至U某人做It s one s turn to do sth. It s your turn to clean the room.是（某人）做某事的時(shí)候了It s time for sb.） to do sth.It s time for you to do the homework.據(jù)說(shuō)It s said that It s said that your teacher will leave our school.某人花費(fèi)做某事It takes sb. some time to do sth. It takes me 2h to

5、 do the work.自從以來(lái)，已經(jīng)有（時(shí)間）了 It is / has been + 時(shí)段 + since + 從句（過(guò)去時(shí)）It has been 5 years since I came here.某人發(fā)現(xiàn)/認(rèn)為/感覺(jué)到做某事是的sb. find/ think/ feel+ it + adj, to doI find it interesting to listen to music.I found _ very difficult to make progress in my study .A. it s B. it C. thatIt _ my father a whole mo

6、nth to go on business . A. spent B. cost C. tookIt is great fun _ surfing on the Internet .A. goB. to go C. going反身代詞的用法作動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)反身代詞與enjoy, hurt, teach, look after等詞連用，表明動(dòng)作的承受者是主語(yǔ)本身。 enjoy oneself 玩的開(kāi)心help oneself (to sth.) 請(qǐng)自便say to oneself 自 言自語(yǔ)come to oneself 蘇醒make yourself at home 另H客氣lose onesel

7、f in 沉浸于devote oneself to投身于 等等短語(yǔ)，重在平時(shí)積累反身代詞和介詞連用構(gòu)成介詞賓語(yǔ)by oneself = by oneself = alone 自己做for oneself 為自己ofoneself自然而然的among oneself 在中間 3作表語(yǔ)She made the skirt for herself.The door opened of itself.They are discussing the matter among themselves.與系動(dòng)詞連用，表示或描述一種情緒或狀態(tài)。Hes not himself today. 他今天感覺(jué)不好同位語(yǔ)，

8、用來(lái)加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣。作主語(yǔ)的同位語(yǔ)You will have to do it yourself.He himself wrote the words and music of the songs.作賓語(yǔ)的同位語(yǔ)I will give the letter to your brother himself. You d better ask Mary herself about it.The man is rich , he can buy _ a lot of things . A. heB. his C. himself- What a lovely card ! Where did you bu

9、y it?- I made it by .A. me B. myself C. itself“Help to some chicken ,”my mother said to the guests.A. yourself B. yourselves C. your指示代詞 this/ that/ these/ those單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)用法1用法2thisthese近指指下文將要提及的事thatthose遠(yuǎn)指指前面剛提過(guò)的事this 與 that 用法比較：1.用來(lái)回指上文提到的事情，可用this或that,但是若要指下文敘述的事情，通常要用this：She married Jim, and this

10、 that surprised me.I want to know this: Is he healthy?在打電話時(shí)，通常用this指自己，用that指對(duì)方：Hello. This is Jim. Is that John?有時(shí)為了避免重復(fù)，可用that和those代替前面提到的名詞：The population of China is much larger than that of Japan. （that = the population）His views are close to those of the Socialist Party. （those = the views）Th

11、e population of Shanghai is larger than _ of Jinan.A. that B. this C. itThe radios made in Beijing are as good as _ made in Qingdao.A. thatB. these C. thoseWhat I want to tell you is _the film will be at eight.A. itB. this C. that【辨析】one, it, thatit 常用來(lái)特指上下文提到的同一事物one 泛指上下文提及的同類事物中的一份子that常用在比較等級(jí)中，代

12、表前面提到的名詞，以避免重復(fù)。The book is mineis very interesting.I have some apples. You can have one.The weather of Dalian is much wetter than that of Lanzhou.The box is in the middle of the room. Move _ away. TOC o 1-5 h z A. itB. oneC. /I have lost my pen. I have to buy _.A. oneB. itC. /How nice your bag is! I

13、 want to buy _.A. itB. oneC. / 不定代詞 some, any, each, every, both, neither, all, none等some 與 anysome 一般用于肯定句中，意思是“幾個(gè)”、“一些”、“某個(gè)”any 般用于疑問(wèn)句或否定句中，意思是“任何一些”、“任何一個(gè)”。any用于 肯定句時(shí),意思是“任何的”。 many&muchmany意思是“很多”.與可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)連用:much意思是“很多”，與不可數(shù)名詞連用。它們?cè)诰渲锌勺髦髡Z(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)等。如:I don t have many friends here.（在這里我沒(méi)有很多的朋友。）Many

14、 died in the bus accident.（許多人在公交車禍中喪失）We can learn much with the help of him.（在他的幫助之下我們能學(xué)到很多）:名詞修飾語(yǔ)一覽表常修飾可數(shù)名詞的詞或短語(yǔ)常修飾不可數(shù)名詞的詞或短語(yǔ)可數(shù)和不可數(shù)都能 修飾的詞或短語(yǔ)each, every, several, few, a few, m any, too many, a number of, many a/an, only a few, quite a few.little, a little, much, too much, a good/ great deal of,

15、a bit of, a sm all/ large/ huge amount of.some, any, a lot of, lo ts of, plenty of, enou gh, all the rest of. a few, a little, few, little表示肯定，“有幾個(gè)，有點(diǎn)”表示否定，“沒(méi)多少，很少”可/不可數(shù)a fewfew可數(shù)名詞a littlelittle不可數(shù)名詞Although all the girls have tried their best , only _ pass the exam.A. few B. a few C. a littleDont

16、worry .There is time left .A. little B. a little C. fewYou are so great! people in the school can do it .A. A little B. LittleC. Feweach （常與f連用）every可做形容詞性或名詞強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體只能做形容詞，不能單獨(dú)使用強(qiáng)調(diào)整體區(qū)另ij： I know each/ every member of your family .作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為單數(shù)形式each of them作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)形式。every other . 每隔Eg： every oth

17、er day = every two daysI gave them _ an apple.A. every B. eachC. each ofThere is a line of trees on _ side of the street.AeveryBeachCbothShe goes shopping _ five days.A. every B. eachC. each of他隔天來(lái)這里。 He came here _ day.either of 兩者之一+復(fù)數(shù)名詞/ them / us謂單neither of兩者都不謂單both of 兩者都謂復(fù)_ of the girls _ hi

18、m. They asked him for name card.A. Neither; know B. Either; know C. Neither; knowsBoth of his parents _ teachers.A. is B. are C. wasBoth of his brothers _ in this hospital, but neither of them _ a doctor.A. works; isB. work; isC. work; are含義單復(fù)數(shù)either .or或者或者就訴原則neither . nor兩者都不both . and兩者都復(fù)數(shù)all .三

19、者都整體：復(fù)數(shù)個(gè)體：?jiǎn)螖?shù)none三者都不可數(shù)：皆可不可數(shù)：?jiǎn)蜤ither Tom or the twins _ the way to the shop.A. know B. knows C. findsNeither you nor I _ a scientist.A. is B. are C. amBoth Tom and Mary _ hard.A. studies B. study C. studyingThe students are all from Foshan . They _ like their city .A. both B. all C. eitherLucy and L

20、ily _ agree with us.A. all B. both C. neitherHow are your parents ? They are fine.A. both B. all C. nononeno one沒(méi)有什么人/物“沒(méi)有人”只能指人回答how many問(wèn)句回答who問(wèn)句none of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞/ them謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù) How many people are there in the room? _A. NoneB. No oneC. Lucy Who is in the room? _.A. NoneB. No oneC. oneNone of them _ China

21、.A. come fromB. is fromC. is come fromA. come fromB. is fromC. is come from含義泛/特指單復(fù)數(shù)another另一個(gè)泛指單數(shù)other其他的泛指復(fù)數(shù)/不可數(shù)the other另一個(gè)（與one拾配）特指單數(shù)另一個(gè)/些特指根據(jù)實(shí)際others其他的（人/物）泛指復(fù)數(shù)the others其他的（人/物）特指復(fù)數(shù)Tom likes swimming, and the other boys in his class like swimming, too.I don t want this coat. Please show me a

22、nother (one).He often helps others.Do you have any other questions?He has two sons. One is a worker, the other is a doctor.Twenty of the students are girls, the others are boys.疑問(wèn)代詞人who（主格，主語(yǔ)）whom （賓格，賓語(yǔ)）whose （所有格，定語(yǔ)）which （主語(yǔ)， 賓語(yǔ)，表選 擇）物what （主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)，指人時(shí)問(wèn)職業(yè)）關(guān)系代詞人who （主格，主語(yǔ)）whom （賓格，賓語(yǔ)）whose （所有格，t

23、hat （主語(yǔ)，物which （主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)）定語(yǔ)）賓語(yǔ)）代詞用法 人稱代詞、物主代詞、反身代詞一表清（以后會(huì)作為詞匯默寫本表格）人稱代詞物主代詞反身代詞主格賓格形容詞性名詞性第一 人稱單數(shù)I復(fù)數(shù)第二 人稱單數(shù)you復(fù)數(shù)AVr * 第二人稱單數(shù)hesheit復(fù)數(shù)作用主語(yǔ)賓、表語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)主、表、賓語(yǔ)賓、表、同位語(yǔ)物主代詞形容詞性物主代詞在句中彳，一般不單獨(dú)使用。 TOC o 1-5 h z 名詞性物主代詞常用來(lái)避免與前面提及的名詞重復(fù)，相當(dāng)于“”。This is not our room. Ours is over there. (our room = ours)“”表示所屬Tom is a frie

24、 nd of mineShe is a friend of .A. my B. mine C. IThis isnt my pen ,it is .A. herB. his C. himFrank cant find dictionary . Can you lend to ?A. her , mine , her B. / , yours , he C. his , yours , him it的用法it既是賓格又可以做格，有時(shí)也可以指人。代表事物。如： My pen is missing. I can t find it anywhere.用來(lái)指人，主要指的人Who is knocking

25、 at the door? It is me.The woman had a baby. It was five months old.表示等。如：It will be sunny tomorrow.作或者。如: I found it difficult to learn English well first.It is impossible for us to learn a foreign language.it 固定句型 做某事情對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)是.It is hard for me to do this work.輪至U某人做.It s your turn to clean the room

26、.是（某人）做某事的時(shí)候了Its time for you to do the homework.據(jù)說(shuō) It s said that your teacher will leave our school.某人花費(fèi)做某事. It takes me 2h to do the work.自從以來(lái)，已經(jīng)有（時(shí)間）了It has been 5 years since I came here.某人發(fā)現(xiàn)/認(rèn)為/感覺(jué)到做某事是的sb. find/ think/ feel+I find it interesting to listen to music.I found _ very difficult to m

27、ake progress in my study .A. it s B. it C. thatIt _ my father a whole month to go on business .A. spent B. cost C. tookIt is great fun _ surfing on the Internet .A. goB. to go C. going反身代詞的用法作動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)反身代詞與enjoy, hurt, teach, look after等詞連用，表明動(dòng)作的承受者是主語(yǔ)本身。玩的開(kāi)心請(qǐng)自便自言自語(yǔ)蘇醒別客氣沉浸于投身于等等短語(yǔ)，重在平時(shí)積累2. 反身代詞和介詞連用構(gòu)成介詞

28、賓語(yǔ)oneself oneself = alone 自己做oneself 為自己oneself自然而然的 oneself在中間3作表語(yǔ)She made the skirt for herself.The door opened of itself.They are discussing the matter among themselves. TOC o 1-5 h z 與系動(dòng)詞連用，表示或描述。Hes not himself today. 他今天感覺(jué)不好同位語(yǔ)，用來(lái)。作主語(yǔ)的同位語(yǔ)You will have to do it.He wrote the words and music of t

29、he songs.作賓語(yǔ)的同位語(yǔ)I will give the letter to your brother.You d better ask Mary about it.The man is rich , he can buy _ a lot of things .A. heB. his C. himself- What a lovely card ! Where did you buy it?- I made it by .A. me B. myself C. itself“Help to some chicken ,”my mother said to the guests.A. you

30、rself B. yourselves C. your指示代詞 this/ that/ these/ those單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)用法1用法2近指指下文將要提及的事遠(yuǎn)指指前面剛提過(guò)的事this 與 that 用法比較：用來(lái)回指上文提到的事情，可用this或that,但是若要指下文敘述的事情，通常要用 _：She married Jim, and surprised me.I want to know : Is he healthy?在打電話時(shí)，通常用 指自己，用 指對(duì)方：Hello. is Jim. Is John?有時(shí)為了避免重復(fù)，可用 和 代替前面提到的名詞：The population of Ch

31、ina is much larger than that of Japan. （that = the population）His views are close to those of the Socialist Party. （those = the views）The population of Shanghai is larger than _ of Jinan.A. that B. this C. itThe radios made in Beijing are as good as _ made in Qingdao.A. thatB. these C. thoseWhat I w

32、ant to tell you is _the film will be at eight.A. itB. this C. that【辨析】one, it, thatit 常用來(lái)特指上下文提到的one 泛指上下文提及的that常用在中，代表前面提到的名詞，以避免重復(fù)。The book is mine. is very interesting. TOC o 1-5 h z I have some apples. You can have.The weather of Dalian is much wetter thanof Lanzhou.The box is in the middle of

33、the room. Move _ away.A. itB. oneC. /I have lost my pen. I have to buy _.A. oneB. itC. /How nice your bag is! I want to buy _.A. itB. oneC. / 不定代詞 some, any, each, every, both, neither, all, none等some 與 anysome 一般用于句中，意思是“幾個(gè)”、“一些”、“某個(gè)”any 一般用于句或句中，意思是“任何一些”、“任何一個(gè)”。any用于肯定句時(shí)，意思是“”。 many&muchmany意思是“很

34、多”，與名詞復(fù)數(shù)連用；much意思是“很多”，與名詞連用。它們?cè)诰渲锌勺髦髡Z(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)等。如:I don t have friends here.（在這里我沒(méi)有很多的朋友。） died in the bus accident.（許多人在公交車禍中喪失）We can learn with the help of him.（在他的幫助之下我們能學(xué)到很多）:名詞修飾語(yǔ)一覽表常修飾名詞的詞或短語(yǔ)常修飾名詞的詞或短語(yǔ)的詞或短語(yǔ)each, every, several, few, a few, m any, too many, a number of, many a/an, only a few, qu

35、ite a few.little, a little, much, too much, a good/ great deal of, a bit of, a sm all/ large/ huge amount of.some, any, a lot of, lo ts of, plenty of, enou gh, all the rest of. a few, a little, few, little表示肯定，“有幾個(gè)，有點(diǎn)”表示否定，“沒(méi)多少，很少”可/不可數(shù)Although all the girls have tried their best , only _ pass the e

36、xam.A. few B. a few C. a littleDont worry .There is time left .A. little B. a little C. fewYou are so great! people in the school can do it .A. A little B. LittleC. Feweach （常與f連用）every可做詞性或強(qiáng)調(diào)只能做，不能單獨(dú)使用強(qiáng)調(diào)區(qū)另ij： I know each/ every member of your family .作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為形式each of them作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用形式。r . 每隔Eg： e

37、very other day = every two days I gave them _ an apple.A. every B. each C. each of There is a line of trees on _ side of the street.AeveryBeachCboth She goes shopping _ five days.A. every B. eachC. each of 他隔天來(lái)這里。 He came here day.either of謂neither of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞/ them / us謂both of謂_ of the girls _ him. Th

38、ey asked him for name card.A. Neither; know B. Either; know C. Neither; knowsBoth of his parents _ teachers.A. is B. are C. wasBoth of his brothers _ in this hospital, but neither of them _ a doctor.A. works; isB. work; isC. work; are含義單復(fù)數(shù)either .或者或者neither .兩者都不both .兩者都all .三者都整體：個(gè)體：none三者都不可數(shù)：不可

39、數(shù)：Either Tom or the twins _ the way to the shop.A. know B. knows C. findsNeither you nor I _ a scientist.A. is B. are C. amBoth Tom and Mary _ hard.A. studies B. study C. studyingThe students are all from Foshan . They _ like their city .A. both B. all C. eitherLucy and Lily _ agree with us.A. all B

40、. both C. neitherHow are your parents ? They are fine.C. is come fromA. both B. all C. noC. is come fromnoneno one沒(méi)有什么人/物“沒(méi)有人”只能指人回答how many問(wèn)句回答who問(wèn)句none of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞/ them謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)How many people are there in the room? _.A. None B.No oneC. LucyWho is in the room?_.A. None B.No oneC. oneNone of them _ China

41、.A. come fromB. is from含義*2*anotherotherthe otherothersthe othersTom likes swimming, and boys in his class like swimming, too.I don t want this coat. Please show me (one).He often helps .Do you have any questions?He has two sons. One is a worker, is a doctor.12. Twenty of the students are girls, are

42、 boys.疑問(wèn)代詞人（主格，主語(yǔ)）（賓格，賓語(yǔ)）（所有格，定語(yǔ)）（主 語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，表 選擇）物t（主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)，指人時(shí)問(wèn)職業(yè)）關(guān)系代詞人（主格，主語(yǔ)）（賓格，賓語(yǔ)）（所有格，定語(yǔ)）（主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)）物（主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)）名詞專練1. Please send best wishes to Mary.A. I B. me C. my D. mineThis is my book. are over there.A. Your B. Yours C. You D. Mine have a lot of homework to do.A. He, you and IB. You, he and IC. I,

43、 you and heD.I, he and youThe man downstairs found very difficult to get to sleep.A. that B. themC. itD. its5. Hi, Jim. Is this your bike or Toms? Its mine, not.A. hers B. yoursC. hisD. himTom is here, and a friend of is here, too.A. his fatherB. his fathersC. hes fatherD. he fatherHelp to some fish

44、, Jenny.A. yourselves B. yourselfC. himself D. herselfThe boys and girls seemed to enjoy in the park.A. themselves B. them C. they D. their Is this model plane yours? Yes, its mine. It is made by.A. myselfB. yourselfC. himself D. herselfMr. Green taught English in our school and taught French at hom

45、e.A. us his B. him us C. us himselfD. our himselfCould you offer me juice, sir?Im really sorry. I havent got_ now.A. any; any B. some; any C. some; someD. any; someIs there with your bike?A. anything wrong B. wrong anythingC. something wrong D. wrong something Im leaving for the exam. Bye-bye, Mum. Well, make sure youve got ready.A. something B. anything C. everythingD. nothingHe can speak French, but not.A. some, much B. an