高考英語基本句型-精講版課件

1、句 子 成 分(9種)一、主語：表示句子描述的是“誰”或是“什么”，是謂語陳述的對象；常由 名、代、數(shù)、 動名、不定式、從句擔(dān)任。 A foreign language is a weapon in the struggle of life. Who is speaking, please? Two will be enough. Living in that island country for three months was an unforgettable experience for me. Early to bed and early to rise makes a man hea

2、lthy, happy and wise. Whether well go depends on the weather. _ 二.謂語：謂語說明主語所做的動作或具有的特征和狀態(tài)。動詞在句中作謂語，一般放在主語之后。謂語的構(gòu)成如下：1、簡單謂語：由一個動詞或動詞短語構(gòu)成。如：He practices running every morning.We study English.2、復(fù)合謂語：（1）由情態(tài)動詞或其他助動詞加動詞原形構(gòu)成。如：You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caught a bad cold. （2）由系動詞加表語構(gòu)成。 如：

3、We are students.三、表語：表示主語的性質(zhì)、特征，狀態(tài)、身份，與系動詞一起構(gòu)成謂語。：Thats something we have always to keep in mind. She was the first to learn about it. My job is teaching. All I could do was send him a telegram. We must be off now. They are twice the size of chickens. My idea is that we should stick to our original

4、plan._ _四、賓語：動作的對象或介詞后的內(nèi)容。由名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、動名詞、不定式、從句等擔(dān)任。包括直接賓語（動作的承受者）和間接賓語（動作對誰或為誰）。 They didnt promise him anything definite. How many do you want? We need two. Pay attention to uniting and working with comrades who differ with you. Learn to play the piano. Ill get it stamped. Did you write down what sh

5、e said? -_-_五、定語：用來修飾或限定名詞或代詞 His words moved everyone present. We belong to the third world. We must live up to the Partys expectations. There are two things to be discussed today. a man of good temper-六、狀語：修飾動、形、副、或整個句子。常由 副詞.介詞短語,不定式分詞形容詞,復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu).從句擔(dān)任。 They were greatly touched to hear the old mans

6、story. (副詞) They did everything they could to save the boys life. (不定式) I said it in fun. (介詞短語) They returned tired and hungry. (形容詞) We are working day and night。(詞組) Seeing this, some students became very worried. (分詞) He entered the room, with a book in his hand. (復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)) _七、 補語：補充說明主語或賓語用的。常由形、名、

7、代、數(shù)擔(dān)任。We elected him monitor.He was elected monitor.We made them very happy八、 同位語： 對前面的名或代做進一步的解釋。This is Mr. Zhou, our headmaster.His teachers suggestion he leave for the USA may be right.九、 插入語：對一句話作一些附加的解釋。To be frank, I dont agree with you. Strange to say, he did pass his exam after all. _簡單句的基

8、本 句 型1主語 + 系動詞 + 表語（名詞或形容詞）： A foreign language is a weapon in the struggle of life. The plan sounds perfect. This material feels soft. This is where I work.常見的系動詞：感官類： 變化類： 保持類：2主語 + 謂語( vi )： The telephone rang. His father might have died. We all breathe, drink and eat.注：但有時不加狀語就不能表達完整的意思，所以有下列句型：

9、 主語 + 謂語 + 狀語：We walked for five miles. This box weighs five kilos. He lives in Guangzhou. seem appear look taste smell sound feelbecome get grow turn be stay remain keep 3主語 + 謂語 + 賓語： She is reading a novel. You may have seen each other.This factory makes machine tools. Mary has ordered a new dres

10、s.注：這種結(jié)構(gòu)中的謂語動詞是及物動詞或相當(dāng)于一個及物動詞的短語，后面只跟一個賓語，一般不需狀語即可表達完整的意思。但在某些情況下，狀語必不可少，這就引出了下列句型： 主語 + 謂語 + 賓語 + 狀語： He put the vase on the table. Jim brought his suitcases upstairs.They treated him kindly.4主語 + 謂語 + 間接賓語 + 直接賓語： She made herself a new dress. My father bought me a novel. Pass me the salt, please.

11、 注：這種結(jié)構(gòu)中的謂語動詞一般只限于某些雙賓語及物動詞：give, show, send, bring, offer, read, pass, lend, tell, hand, return, pay, throw, allow, wish, teach, promise, owe, make, buy, do, fetch, spare, order, cook, 等。 注：間接賓語有時可以改成一個由to或for引導(dǎo)的短語，這在意思上沒有什么差別：Ill return you the book tomorrow. She made Mary a new dress.Ill return t

12、he book to you tomorrow.She made a new dress for Mary5主語 + 謂語 + 賓語 + 賓語補足語： We have proved him wrong. What make you think so? She found the child fast asleep. I called him a fool.He asked me to leave.復(fù)合賓六、There be+ n.（可數(shù)、不可數(shù)）+地點狀語1.There _ a book and two pens on the desk. 2 .There _ some money in th

13、e picture. 3. _ _ some cards in Jims bag.4. _ _ anything else in it?there be 與have區(qū)別專練:1. This desk _ four legs. 2. _ some books on the desk.3. Everyone _ a dictionary in my class. 4. _ (沒有) knives in the room.5. I _ a new sweater. 6. _ some flowers and a desk in the room.7. They _ something to eat.

14、 is is There areIs there hasThere are hasThere are no have There are haveTranslate:圖畫里有三個女孩在看書。There are three girls reading in the picture.操場上以前有棵大樹。There used to be a big tree on the playground.今晚我們學(xué)校有場電影。There is going to be a film in our school.Practice 1.John can skate very well now.2.The mother looked very worried.3.My mother made my sister a new skirt.4.His companion helped him fix the line.5.Bill is learning Chinese from his friend Li Lei.6.Mr. Green taught us English.Practice :1.My having made so many mistakes made the teacher very angry.2.The match will take place as planned this