高中英語(yǔ)句型歸納

1、高中英語(yǔ)句型歸納1.bedoing/beabouttodo/haddone,when(when：這時(shí),強(qiáng)調(diào)一種動(dòng)作的忽然發(fā)生)2.Itwas(not)+時(shí)間段+before+一般過(guò)去時(shí), 過(guò)了一段時(shí)間就.Itwill(not)be+時(shí)間段+before+一般目前時(shí)要過(guò)一段時(shí)間才會(huì).Itis/hasbeen+時(shí)間段+since.Itwas+點(diǎn)時(shí)間+when.Itwas+時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)+that.（強(qiáng)調(diào)句）1).Itwasnotlongbeforehesensedthedangeroftheposition.不久她就意識(shí)到她處境危險(xiǎn)（動(dòng)作已發(fā)生）2).Itwillbehalfayearbeforeyou

2、graduatefromtheschool.尚有半年你才從這個(gè)學(xué)校畢業(yè)（動(dòng)作未發(fā)生）3).Itis3yearssinceheworkedhere.=helefthere.（since從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞若是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，要從動(dòng)作結(jié)束的時(shí)候算起）4).Itwas3oclockwhentheyreceivedthetelephone.5).Itwasat3oclockthattheyreceivedthetelephone.3.no比較級(jí)than:A與B都./僅僅，只有not比較級(jí)than:A不如B/不超過(guò)，至多more.than.與其.倒不.(=notas/so.as)morethan=notonly

3、不僅僅.1).HeworksnoharderthanI.她和我都不用功2).HedoesntworkharderthanI.她不如我用功3).Therearenomorethansevenpeopleintheroom.屋里僅有4).Therearenotmorethansevenpeopleintheroom.屋里至多5).Heismorediligentthanclever.與其說(shuō)她聰穎，倒不如說(shuō)她6)Itismorelikeameetingthanlikeaparty.-Itisnotasapartyasameeting7).Mr.Zhangismorethanmyteacher,hei

4、salsomybestfriend.張先生不僅僅是我的教師，她還是我的朋友4.once.一旦.,表達(dá)時(shí)間和條件1).Onceyouunderstandwhattheteacherexplained,youwillhavenodifficultydoingthework.2).Onceyouhavedecidedtodosomething,youshouldfinishitanddoitwell.5.asif/asthough.（表達(dá)與事實(shí)相反，用虛擬；若表達(dá)即將成為事實(shí)或有也許成為事實(shí),則用陳述語(yǔ))1)Hewasingreattrouble,butheactedasifnothinghadha

5、ppened.2).Althoughtheyjustmetforthefirsttime,theytalkedasiftheyhadbeenfriendsformanyyears.3).Thecloudsaregathering.Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.6.n./adj./adv./v.+as/though+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ),盡管.引導(dǎo)讓從Childasheis,healreadyknowswhatcareerhewantsto follow.Tryashemight,hecouldntsolvetheproblem.MuchasIrespecthim,Icantagr

6、eewithhisidea.7.whether.or.無(wú)論是.還是1).Whethertheweatherisgoodorbad,theywillsetoffastheyplanned.2).Anyperson,whetheryoungorold,hashisownworth.8.疑問(wèn)詞+ever=nomatter+疑問(wèn)詞,引導(dǎo)讓從或名從句1).Whichever(=Nomatterwhich)youlike,youcantakeitaway.Youcantakeawaywhichever(=anyonethat)youlike(名詞).Wheneveryoucomes,youwillbewe

7、lcome.(讓步）Whateverhappens,Iwillsupportyou.(讓步)4).Whoever/Nomatterwhobreaksthelaw,hewillcertainlybepunished.（讓步）Whoeverbreaksthelawwillcertainlybepunished.(名詞性）5).Howevergreatthedifficultyis,wecanovercomeit.(讓步）9.if/aslongas/solongas/providingthat/providedthat/supposingthat/onconditionthat如果.1).Iwill

8、lendyoumoneyonconditionthatyoucanreturnitwithin3months.10.giventhat/consideringthat考慮到.鑒于.1).Givenherinterestinchildren/Giventhatsheisinterestedinchildren,Imsureteachingistherightcareerforher.2).Consideringhisageandhisexperience,hehasdonewell.11.incasethat/incaseof.萬(wàn)一.,以防.1).Incaseoffire,pleasedial1

9、19atonce.2).IncasethatJohncomes/Johnshouldcome,tellhimtowait.12.祈使句+or/otherwise+成果句或祈使句+and+成果句Please follow the instruction, or/otherwise you will do it in vain .Keep exercising and have a balanced diet, and you will be healthy. 13.so/such.that.引導(dǎo)成果狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)須注意, 當(dāng)名詞前有many,much,little,few修飾時(shí),用so不用such由

10、于此時(shí)的中心詞不再是名詞，而是many,much,little,few這些表達(dá)數(shù)量的詞。.The westerners eat so much fat and sugar that they put on weight easily.There are so few fish in the lake that we couldnt fish them easily.當(dāng)名詞是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，前面又由adj.修飾時(shí)，注意冠詞的位置，即so+adj+a(n)+n或such+a(n)+adj.+n He is such an honest person/so honest a person that y

11、ou can depend on him whenyou are in trouble.(so/as/too/how+adj.+a/an+N.)當(dāng)so/such引導(dǎo)的部分位于句首時(shí)，主句要用部分倒裝構(gòu)造Such great progress has he made in his studies that we all admire him.當(dāng)主從句主語(yǔ)一致時(shí)可與動(dòng)詞不定式互相轉(zhuǎn)換,即變成so/such.as to do構(gòu)造。The westerners eat so much fat and sugar as to put on weight easily.so that引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句與成果

12、狀語(yǔ)從句so that引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)常與情態(tài)動(dòng)詞連用（=in order that），當(dāng)主從句主語(yǔ)一致時(shí)可轉(zhuǎn)換為so as to do/in order to do.He turned up the radio a little so that he could hear the news clearly.He turned up the radio a little so as to hear the news clearly.He closed all the windows while driving so that he shouldnt catch cold.(否認(rèn)句中情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用

13、shouldnt)so that引導(dǎo)成果狀語(yǔ)從句一般不與情態(tài)動(dòng)詞連用He turned up the radio a little so that he heard the news clearly.15.can never/cant與too,too much,enough,搭配表達(dá)“無(wú)論如何.都但是分”.While you are doing your homework,you cant be careful enough.He is such a great man that we cant praise him too much.不定式作主語(yǔ)，it作形式主語(yǔ)：It+系動(dòng)詞+adj./n.

14、+for sb.to do(for sb.表達(dá)動(dòng)詞不定式動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者)It+系動(dòng)詞+adj.+of sb.to do（of sb.既表達(dá)動(dòng)詞不定式動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者有表達(dá)人所具有的性質(zhì)或特性）不定式作賓語(yǔ)主+think/consider/believe/make/feel+it+adj./n.+for sb./of sb.+to 1).I feel it foolish of him to believe such a man.2).The timely rain had made it possible for the crops to grow well.18.wont/cant have sb

15、.doing/done不能容忍某行為發(fā)生.You are too rude,and I wont have you speaking to Mother like that again.2).We cant have anything done against the school rules.19.It is said/thought/hoped/believed.thatsb is said/thought/hoped/believed to do.It is said that he is studying abroad.-He is said to be studying abroad

16、.It is considered that many countries highly value Chinas role in helping worlds peace.Many countries is considered to highly value Chinas role in promoting worlds peace.20.表達(dá)過(guò)去原打算干，卻未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望、打算或意圖.had hoped to do=hoped to have done.類(lèi)似的詞尚有：expect,think,intend,design,plan,mean,suppose etc.would like/p

17、refer/love to have donewas/were to have donewas/were supposed to have done .-Did you go to see the film“Titanic”last night?-Id like to have,but I had an unexpected guest.The plane was to have taken off at 7 this morning,but was held up by the heavy fog.21.How did sb come to do.?=How come.為什么會(huì)./是怎么回事

18、？表達(dá)規(guī)定對(duì)所發(fā)生的事情闡明理由或做出解釋.How did you come to find out where shes living?=How come you found out你是怎么打聽(tīng)到她住在哪兒的?.How come you sat there,doing nothing?為什么坐在那兒什么也不干?3).How did he come to be so foolish?22.when it comes to.當(dāng)談到或波及到1).He is a man of few words,but when it comes to playing computer,he will be exc

19、ited and full of energy.2).When it comes to helping his wife with the housework,John never complains.23.every time/each time/next time/the first time/any time等短語(yǔ)引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，表達(dá)“每當(dāng).,每次.,下次.”1).Every time you meet with new words while reading,dont always refer to your dictionary.2)Next time you come,do re

20、member to bring your son here.3)You are welcome to come back any time you want to.24.There is(no)need to do./for.It is(not)necessary for sb.to do.There is(no)hope/chance/possibility of doing.There is(no)difficulty/point/sense(in)doing .Is there any chance of our winning the match?.There is no point

21、in discussing the problem again.25.It is up to sb.to do sth.應(yīng)由某人來(lái)做某事.-When shall we start out?-Its up to you to decide.Its up to you to babysit my son while I am away on business.26.be up to sth.忙于.,從事.,勝任.(不規(guī)定掌握).John isnt really up to that job.約翰不適合干那項(xiàng)工作2).What have you been up to recently?近來(lái)你始終在忙

22、些什么27.It is time to do/It is time that+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞的一般過(guò)去式該是做.的時(shí)候了It is time that we ended the discussion.it強(qiáng)調(diào)句：基本構(gòu)成形式：It is/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+who/that+原句剩余部分e.g.I met him in the street yesterday afternoon.It was I who/that met him in the street yesterday afternoon.(強(qiáng)調(diào)是我，不是別人)It was him who/that I met in the street

23、 yesterday afternoon.(強(qiáng)調(diào)我碰見(jiàn)的是她，不是別人)It was in the street that I met him yesterday afternoon.(強(qiáng)調(diào)是在大街上，不是在別的地方，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是地點(diǎn)，但不用where, 用了where表達(dá)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句)It was yesterday afternoon that I met him in the street(強(qiáng)調(diào)是昨天下午，不是在別的時(shí)候,強(qiáng)調(diào)的是時(shí)間，但不用when)強(qiáng)調(diào)句的一般疑問(wèn)句：Is/Was it+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+who/that+原句剩余部分強(qiáng)調(diào)句的特殊疑問(wèn)句What/When/Where/Who/H

24、owis/was it+who/that+原句剩余部分.Who was it that/who you met in the street yesterday afternoon?Tell me who it was that/who you met in the street yesterday afternoon?29.do,did,does用于強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)調(diào).He is a good student.-He does be a good student .He helped us yesterday. He did help us yesterday.Be careful! Do

25、 be careful!30.There be句型：there be之后如有幾種并列主語(yǔ)，be動(dòng)詞的選擇要取決于第一種主語(yǔ)，即就近原則There be句型中，be動(dòng)詞尚有其她變化形式，常用的有：There seem to be,There happen to be,There used to be,There is likely to be,There have been/has been等1).There seems/appears to be much hope of our team winning the match.2).There happened to be nobody in

26、the room when I came in.3).There have been great changes in my hometown since 1978.4).There used to be a bus station at the corner of the street.5).There are likely to be more difficulties than expected while we are carrying out the plan.There be句型的獨(dú)立主格構(gòu)造作狀語(yǔ)：（有連詞，用句子，沒(méi)有連詞，用獨(dú)立構(gòu)造）1).There being no bus

27、es,we had to walk home.=Because there were no buses,we had to walk home.2).There having been no rain for a long time,the crops in the field died.=Because there had been no rain for a long time,the crops in the field died.There be句型的非謂語(yǔ)形式：.I dont want there to be any misunderstanding between us.We ex

28、pect there to be a chance of studying abroad.3).It is usual for there to be a generation gap between parents and children.not/never.until直到.才e.g.The villagers didnt realize how serious the pollution was until all the fish died in the river.It was not until all the fish died in the river that the vil

29、lagers realized how seriousthe pollution was.(強(qiáng)調(diào)句)Not until all the fish died in the river did the villagers realize how serious thepollution was.（倒裝句）32.would rather+從句（從句要用虛擬語(yǔ)調(diào)，即從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用一般過(guò)去式，表達(dá)目前或?qū)?lái)的愿望；從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去完畢時(shí)，表達(dá)對(duì)過(guò)去的愿望）1).Id rather you posted the letter right now.我想讓你目前就把信寄出去。.-A friend of

30、yours will come to see you today.-Id rather he came here tomorrow.我倒情愿她明天來(lái)。3)Id rather you were not a celebrated actor. In that case,we could spend more time together.我倒情愿你不是什么名演員，這樣我們可以有更多的時(shí)間在一起。4)Id rather I hadnt seen her yesterday.我情愿昨天沒(méi)見(jiàn)到她。不能用would rather sb.do（更愿讓某干某）的形式，可轉(zhuǎn)為would rather have s

31、b do或轉(zhuǎn)為would rather+從句33.so,neither/nor引導(dǎo)倒裝句：表達(dá)“另一者也如如此”及前者的狀況也合用于后者，用so,neither/nor引導(dǎo)得倒裝句，助動(dòng)詞的選擇根據(jù)前一句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。若前句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞既有肯定又有否認(rèn)形式時(shí)，或謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不屬于一類(lèi)時(shí)，用It is/was the same with sb.或So it is/was with sb. He is a worker and he works hard,so it is with John.若后一句是對(duì)前一句所說(shuō)的內(nèi)容表達(dá)贊同或承認(rèn)，則主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)不倒裝34.倍數(shù)體現(xiàn)法A+謂語(yǔ)+倍數(shù)+the+n.(siz

32、e/height/length.)+of BA+謂語(yǔ)+倍數(shù)+as+abj.+as BA+謂語(yǔ)+倍數(shù)+adj.比較級(jí)+than BA+謂語(yǔ)+adj.比較級(jí)+than B+by+倍數(shù)35.當(dāng)all,each,both,every基every,each的復(fù)合詞語(yǔ)否認(rèn)詞連用時(shí)，為部分否認(rèn)，“并非都.”.Not all of them went to the party last night.-All of them didnt go to the party last night.Both of the answers are not right.(=Only one of the two answe

33、rs is right.)36.as/with表達(dá)“隨進(jìn)展”，as背面接句子，with背面接短語(yǔ)With the industry developing,the pollution is becoming more and more serious.As the industry develops,the pollution is becoming more and more serious.37.Only if與If only?Only if=if,引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句.-Only if I lend you a hand?-Im sure I can finish it on time.?If

34、 only=How I wish.,引導(dǎo)的句子用虛擬語(yǔ)調(diào)，表達(dá)難以實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望*If only=How I wish主語(yǔ)+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+V.（謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作在wish之后進(jìn)行）主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞的一般過(guò)去式（謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作與wish同步進(jìn)行）主語(yǔ)+had done（謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作在wish之邁進(jìn)行）.If only we didnt have so many examines!.If only he could come tomorrow!.If only I hadnt made so many mistakes!.He couldnt work out a single problem when he

35、was in the exam.hall.How he wished he knew all the answer!He couldnt work out a single problem when he was in the exam.hall.How he wished he had studied hard before!38.with的復(fù)合構(gòu)造（作狀語(yǔ)或作定語(yǔ)）with+n.+n.(with可以省略)The workforce is made up of 400 workers,(with)most of them women.(=most of whom are women./and

36、 most of them are women.)?with+n.+adj.(with可以省略)(With)the street wet and slippery,we had to ride our bikes slowly and carefully.Because the street were wet and slippery,The students were listening to the teacher,(with)t heir eyes wide open. The students were listening to the teacher,and their eyes w

37、ere wide open.?with+n.+adv.(with可以省略)He put on his coat hurriedly,(with)the wrong side outwith+n.+prep-phrase(with可以省略)The old man was seated in the sofa,(with)a pipe in his mouth.(Also:pipe in mouth)with+n.+to do/to be done（動(dòng)詞不定式的動(dòng)作尚未進(jìn)行）with+n.+doing/being done（動(dòng)詞不定式的動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行）with+n.+done（動(dòng)詞不定式的動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完

38、畢或指所處的狀態(tài)）.With so many problems to settle,the newly-elected president is having a hard year.He was lying in bed,with his eyes fixed on the ceiling .With the temple being repaired,we cant visited it.39.以here,there,in,out,up,down等副詞開(kāi)頭的倒裝句(多用一般目前時(shí)表達(dá)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。)1).Here comes the bus!(=The bus is coming her

39、e!)2).Away he went.她走遠(yuǎn)了（若主語(yǔ)是代詞則主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)不倒裝）40.方位狀位句首的倒裝句1).In front of the house stopped a police car.2).Under the tree sat a boy,with a book in his hand.41.具有否認(rèn)意義的副詞或短語(yǔ)位于句首時(shí)句子要部分倒裝。常用的此有：little,never,seldom,hardly,rarely,no sooner,in no time,by no means,in no case等.Not a single mistake did he make in

40、the exam.2).At no time did the man realize what was happening.42.the moment,the minute,immediately,directly,on doing表達(dá)“一.就”1).On arriving(his arrival)at the airport,he was surrounded by the reporters.2).-Have you give John the book?-Yes,the moment I saw him.43.rather than 句型1).It is better to ask fo

41、r help at the beginning rather than to wait until a busy period when everyone is rushed off their feet.2).It is the boss who is to blame rather than the workers.44.while/but：while側(cè)重兩者之間的對(duì)比，but多指一件事的兩個(gè)對(duì)立面。1).He likes listening to music while I like watching TV.2).I badly wanted that book,but I havent

42、 enough money.45.only to do作成果狀語(yǔ)，多用來(lái)表達(dá)出人意料、結(jié)局令人沮喪的成果。動(dòng)詞多是終結(jié)性的詞，如：find,learn,to be told,to be caught等1).His father disappeared,never to heard from again.2).He hurried to his office,only to be told that he was dismissed.46.one momentand now.剛剛還.目前卻1).One moment the two boys were playing,and now they a

43、re quarrelling.2).One moment it was fine,and now it is raining.47.of+n.表達(dá)某物具有某種性質(zhì)或特性1).New Zealand wine is of high quality and is sold all over the world.2).They are of the same height.48.only+狀語(yǔ)的構(gòu)造放在句首，主句要部分倒裝1).The teacher told me that only in that way,could I learn English well.49.三句型What do you

44、think of?（這三個(gè)句式用來(lái)詢(xún)問(wèn)某人對(duì)某個(gè)事物的評(píng)價(jià)或見(jiàn)解，How do you find?其回答應(yīng)當(dāng)是評(píng)價(jià)性的話(huà)語(yǔ)）How do you like.?.-How do you find the film last night?-I have never seen a worse one before.What is/waslike?用來(lái)詢(xún)問(wèn)人或事物的特性或本質(zhì)1).-What is your mother like?-She is a very nice person./She is very beautiful./She looks like her father.-What is

45、the weather going to be this weekend?-It is going to be fine.虛擬語(yǔ)調(diào)中的重點(diǎn)句型 If+were/did(動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式)，主語(yǔ)+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞（would,could,might,should）+do（用來(lái)表達(dá)對(duì)目前狀況的假設(shè)）I dont have a cell phone.If I had one,it would be convenient for me to contract others.If+had done(過(guò)去完畢式)主語(yǔ)+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞（would,could,might,should）+have done（用來(lái)表達(dá)對(duì)過(guò)去狀況的

46、假設(shè)）If I had gone to the concert,I would have seen the famous singer.If+were/did(過(guò)去式)，主語(yǔ)+情動(dòng)（would,could,might,should）+do/were to do/should do（用來(lái)表對(duì)將來(lái)狀況的假設(shè)）If I were not to take/should take/took the exam tomorrow,I would go shopping with you.虛擬語(yǔ)調(diào)條件句的倒裝：在虛擬語(yǔ)調(diào)條件句中，如果浮現(xiàn)助動(dòng)詞were,should,had，可省略if,把這些詞提到主語(yǔ)前面，

47、變成倒裝句。.Should he act like that again,he would be fined.If he should act like that again,Were he to act like that again,he would be fined. If he were to act like that again,*If he acted like that again,（不可以倒裝）3).Had the doctor come in time last night,the boy would have been saved.If the doctor had co

48、me in time last night.4).If I had time now,I would go to the film with you.（不可以倒裝,由于句中的had不是助動(dòng)詞）52.But for.-If it were not for./If it hadnt been for 1).But for the determined captain,all the passengers on board wouldnt have been saved. / If it hadnt been for the determined captain,all the passengers

49、 on board.But for your rich parents,you wouldnt live such an easy life./If it were not for your rich parents,you wouldnt live such a easy life.在suggest,insist,demand,require,request,order,advise,propose等表達(dá)建議、規(guī)定、命令、主張的動(dòng)詞引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句中，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用(should)do的形式1).Mother insisted that John(should)go to bed bef

50、ore 9 oclock.對(duì)比：He insisted that I had taken away his dictionary.（不是建議、規(guī)定、命令或主張）2).His suggestion that Tony(should)be invited to the party was refused.（同位語(yǔ)從句）對(duì)比：His words suggested that he was very angry with me.（不是建議、規(guī)定、命令或主張）53.有些動(dòng)詞常作不及物動(dòng)詞與well或easily連用，表達(dá)某物具有的特性。常用的詞有sell,cut,wash,last,burn等。1).H

51、is latest work sells well 2).Dry wood burns easily.54.否認(rèn)詞與比較級(jí)連用，體現(xiàn)最高檔的含義1).I have never seen a better film.2).I cant agree you more.55.替代句型：英語(yǔ)中為了避免反復(fù)，在比較從句中用替代詞來(lái)替代前文浮現(xiàn)過(guò)的詞。用助動(dòng)詞替代主句中的有關(guān)動(dòng)詞：1).I earn more than I did in the past.John spends as much time watching TV as he does writing.China is no longer w

52、hat it was/used to be. 用代詞替代前文浮現(xiàn)過(guò)的有關(guān)名詞：that替代指物的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或抽象不可數(shù)名詞，一般是特指的those替代指人指物的復(fù)數(shù)名，特指的=the ones one替代指人或指物的單數(shù)，泛指的ones指人或指物的復(fù)數(shù)，泛指The output of coal this year is twice as much as that of last year.The students in this class are more active than those in that one.3).A bridge made of steel is stronger than one made of stones.4).Small bananas usually taste better than bigger ones 56.The reason why+句子is that+句子（.的因素是.）The reason why