人教版中考代詞的易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)及難點(diǎn)講義

1、代詞中的易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)及易混淆點(diǎn)前言：此份講義首先對(duì)初中英語(yǔ)關(guān)于代詞的基本分類和基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)進(jìn)行了講解（此部分知識(shí)在我的另一份講義：代詞的基本分類和基礎(chǔ)考點(diǎn)中有過(guò)詳實(shí)的分析，這里就不贅述了，只作一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)要的總結(jié)。）；然后主要針對(duì)中考英語(yǔ)中關(guān)于代詞考查的難點(diǎn)及易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)進(jìn)行闡述和分析，例如neither和both的考查及區(qū)分；either和another的辨別及考點(diǎn)；還有other, the other, others的用法及區(qū)分：以及none和all的區(qū)分和考查；還有one，it和that 的區(qū)分等等；并有大量的真題練習(xí)和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：練習(xí)題也設(shè)置有坡度，從易到難，分有等級(jí)，大家可以自由選擇。代詞的基本分類：(六大

2、類）人稱代詞第一人稱：?jiǎn)螖?shù) I（主格“我”） me（賓格“我”） 復(fù)數(shù) we（主格“我們”） us（賓格“我們”）第二人稱：?jiǎn)螖?shù) you（主格“你；您”）you（賓格“你；您”） 復(fù)數(shù) you（主格“你們;您們”）you（賓格“你們；您們”）第三人稱：?jiǎn)螖?shù) he（主格“他”） him（賓格“他”） she（主格”她） her（賓格“她”） it（主格“它”） it（賓格“它”） 復(fù)數(shù) they（主格“他們；她們；它們”them（賓格“他們；她們；它們”）物主代詞1.形容詞性的物主代詞，其后一定要接名詞。my（我的） our（我們的）your（你的；你們的）his（他的） her（她的） its

3、（它的）their（他們的；她們的；它們的）2.名詞性的物主代詞，其后一定不能接名詞。mine=my +名詞 ours=our+名詞yours=your+名詞his=his+名詞hers=her+名詞theirs=their+名詞its=its+名詞注意：“his”和“its”形容詞性的物主代詞，也是名詞性的物主代詞。反身代詞第一，二人稱的反身代詞由形容詞性的物主代詞+self/selves構(gòu)成：myself我自己ourselves我們自己yourself你自己；您自己 yourselves你們自己；您們自己第三人陳的反身代詞由人稱代詞賓格+self/selves構(gòu)成:himself他自己he

4、rself她自己itself它自己themselves他們自己；她們自己；它們自己不定代詞some和anySome/any的意思是“一些”，既是代詞，也是形容詞；可修飾可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞。如：some books some bread注意：some一般用于肯定句中；any用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句中；但在一些表示建議，請(qǐng)求或邀請(qǐng)的疑問(wèn)句中，或者希望對(duì)方作出肯定回答的句子中，應(yīng)用some，不用any。例如：另外，any在表示“任何一個(gè)；無(wú)論哪個(gè)”之意時(shí)，可用于肯定句中，例如：五.不定代詞few和little1.few既是代詞，也可作形容詞。其意義是“很少；幾乎沒(méi)有”，含有否定意義；a few意思是“一

5、些；幾個(gè)”，含有肯定意義；quite a few意思是“相當(dāng)多”；fewer是few的比較級(jí)，意思是“更少的”;few/a few/quite a few/ fewer 均修飾或替代可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。如：Few people understand the difference.很少有人了解這個(gè)差別。Ive seen most of his movies.Only a few are as good as his first one.他的電影多數(shù)我都看過(guò)。只有少數(shù)幾部能與他的第一部媲美。little既是代詞，也可作形容詞，意思是“很少；幾乎沒(méi)有”，含有否定意義；a little意思是“有一點(diǎn)；少量”

6、，含有肯定意義；less是little的比較級(jí)，意思是“更少的”;little/a little/less 均修飾或替代不可數(shù)名詞。例如：There was little doubt in my mind.我心里幾乎沒(méi)有疑問(wèn)。She said little or nothing about her experience.她對(duì)自己的經(jīng)歷幾乎只字不提。六.復(fù)合不定代詞由some ,any, every, no加上one, body, thing構(gòu)成的不定代詞稱為復(fù)合不定代詞。someone=somebody某人 something某事；某物anyone=anybody任何人 anything任何東

7、西；任何事物everyone=everybody人人；每人；所有人 everything每件事；所有事物no one=nobody沒(méi)有人nothing沒(méi)有什么；沒(méi)有一件東西易混淆的代詞（七大類）neither和 bothneither的意思是“兩者都不”，常和of搭配使用,如：Neither of the two brothers is/are fond of playing the piano.兄弟兩都不喜歡彈鋼琴。Neither of them has/have a car.他們兩個(gè)都沒(méi)有汽車。注意：neither作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可以是單數(shù)的，也可以是復(fù)數(shù)的。也可以直接使用neither

8、修飾名詞,如：Neither answer is correct.兩個(gè)答案都不對(duì)。當(dāng)然，neither的另一個(gè)意思“也不”是作副詞使用，在這兒就不多說(shuō)了。both的意思是“兩個(gè)都”，與neither是一對(duì)反義詞.常和of搭配或者both A and B.Both of us are students.Both his mother and his father will be there.他父母二人都要去那兒。Both women are Americans.=Both of the women are Americans.兩名婦女都是美國(guó)人。 none和 allnone 的意思是“（三個(gè)或三

9、個(gè)以上）沒(méi)有一個(gè)；毫無(wú)”,表示全部否定。None of the pens work/works.這些鋼筆一支都不能用。We have three children, but none of them lives/live with us.我們有三個(gè)孩子，但是他們都不和我們住在一起。We saw several houses, but we liked none.注意：none of與復(fù)數(shù)名詞連用，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可以是單數(shù)的，也可以是復(fù)數(shù)的。none也可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞，如：He told me all the news, but none of it was exciting.他告訴了我所有的新聞，

10、但沒(méi)有一件激動(dòng)人心的。-Is there any more bread?-No, none at all.“還有面包嗎？”“沒(méi)了，一點(diǎn)都沒(méi)了。”all的意思是“（三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上）都”, 與none是一對(duì)反義詞；not. all 表示部分否定。We have three children, and all of them live with us.We have three children, but not all of them live with us.= We have three children, but all of them dont live with us.我們有三個(gè)孩子，但

11、他們并不都是和我們住在一起。either和 anothereither的基本意思是“（兩者中的）任何一個(gè)”，表示“二選一”，例如：You can park on either side of the street.這條街兩邊都可以停車。There are two types of qualification; either is acceptable.有兩種資格證明-任何一種都可以接受。-Would you like tea or coffee?-Either is OK. I dont care.另外，either還有“也”的意思,用于否定詞組后；either. or.表示對(duì)兩事物的選擇，翻

12、譯為“要么.要么.；或者.或者.”.Mike cant go and I cant either.Im going to buy either a camera or a computer with the money.Either or Mary is wrong.Either you or John has to clean the classroom today.(當(dāng)either. or.連接主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞采取就近原則。）another 的意思是“又一；另一；再一”，后可接單數(shù)名詞,of加復(fù)數(shù)名詞或數(shù)字加復(fù)數(shù)名詞。Would you like another drink?還想喝一杯嗎？

13、I found the marks of another mans feet on the sand.I want to learn another foreign language.I will not give up and I will wait for another ship.I got another of those calls yesterday.昨天我又接了一個(gè)那樣的電話。Cook it for another 10 minutes.=Cook it for 10 more minutes.This factory needs another 50 workers.=This

14、 factory needs 50 more workers.other, the other和 othersother 單獨(dú)使用是形容詞，意思是“其他的；另外的”.Are there any other questions?Mary,Mike and three other students were there.the other（兩個(gè)人或事物中的）另一個(gè)My other sister is a nurse.One daughter went abroad and the other (one) was killed in a car crash.一個(gè)女兒去了國(guó)外，另一個(gè)在撞車事故中身亡。

15、I have two houses. One is big and the other is very small.I saw some cannibals trying to kill two men from a broken ship. One of them died but the other ran towards my house.others的意思是“其余的人或物”,相當(dāng)于other+名詞.Some designs are better than others.Its said that many people dont want to help others because

16、they dont want any trouble.Two women were killed in the accident and many others were injured.the others是 the other 的復(fù)數(shù)形式，特指“全部其余的人或物”。I have six cousins. Two of them are younger than me. The others are older than me.五.every和eachevery是形容詞，只能作定語(yǔ)，去修飾名詞。She knows every student in the school.I could hea

17、r every word they said.each 既可作形容詞，用法與every相同；也可作代詞。every student=each studentevery word=each wordEach of the students has a dictionary.We each have our own car.六.none,no one和 nothing1.none既可指人，也可指物，常與of連用；它與數(shù)量有關(guān)，可回答how many/how much問(wèn)句。None of the books is/are interesting.-How many people are there

18、in the room?-None.2.no one只能指人，不能與of連用，可回答who問(wèn)句。-Who can answer this question?-No one.表示“什么也沒(méi)有”，否定一切，可回答what問(wèn)句。-What housework do you usually do at home?-Nothing.七.one,it that和onesone泛指，意義相當(dāng)于a/an+單數(shù)名詞，指代與前面所提的同名異物的對(duì)象it特指，指代與前面所提的同名同物的對(duì)象that特指，指代與前面提到的相類似但不是同一件的事物；ones指代復(fù)數(shù)名詞。例如：Your car is very nice.

19、 I like _ very much.Your manner is _ of a gentleman.Even though many people now know about tea culture, the Chinese are without doubt the _ who best understand the nature of tea.-Do you want to buy a camera?-Yes, I want _ very much.The climate of the south is better than _ of the north.What beautifu

20、l flowers! But I like those red _ best.Our car is always breaking down. But were getting a new _ soon.The key:it 2. that 3.onesone 5.that 6.ones7.one代詞- There are mainly six kinds of tea in China. Which is your favorite?- Green tea, I guess. Ive tried black tea, green tea and so on, And _ of them ha

21、ve their special tastes.all B. both C. none D. neither-Although these were good students, _ of them had a score above 60.none B. no one C. some D. all-Which do you prefer, tea or coffee?-Either. _ tea _ coffee are my favorite.Not only; but also B. Both; and C. Neither ; nor D. Either ; or-Its unbeli

22、evable that 5G technology is progressing in such a rapid way!-_ is impossible.Something B. Anything C. Nothing D. Everything -Is this your sweater, Frank?- No. You can ask Tom, maybe Its _.him B. his C. her D. hers- We are in times of difficulty at present.- As long as we pull together, success must

23、 belong to _.us B. we C. our D. ours-Sally, I have _ exciting to tell you. We will go back to school soon.-Great!anything B. something C. everything D. nothing-Ben if you dont mind, Id like to be by _ for a while.- Of course not, Frank.yourself B. herself C. himself D. myself-You can keep one of the

24、 photos. _ of them-whichever you like.None B. Both C. Neither D. Either - Why dont you trust Peter?-Because _ of his promises were kept.Neither B. none C. both D. all- Is that _ model plane?- Yes, its _. My sister sent it to me.your; my B. your; mine C. you; me D. yours; mineWe Chinese people are pr

25、oud of _ country, especially in 2020.we B. us C. our D. ours-Mr. Jackson is a popular writer, and we all like reading _ books.his B. her C. their D. your- I bought a present for _. I hope you like _.your; this B. yours; that C.you; it D. you; one- The wild animals are in dander now. Lets protect _.t

26、hey B. them C. their D. theirsThe twins are so alike that even their father finds _ hard to tell them from each other.it B. them C. that D. this- Molly, my dictionary is not here. Do you have _?It B. that C. one D. this Who can you trust if not _?himself B. she C. him D. IThe doctor thought _ would

27、be good for you to have a holiday.It B. that C. one D. thisMy friend and I are interested in drawing, but _ of us is good at it.both B. neither C. none D. all Warm words can touch not only your heart but also _. me B. my C. myself D. mine- Which of the two English books will you buy?- Ill buy _ of t

28、hem, so I can give one to my friend Helen.all B. both C. neither D. either- The books are so nice, which one can I take?-Oh, you can take _ of them. Ill keep none. both B. all C. neither D. eitherCould you please lend me some money? Ive run out of _.it B. me C.my D.mine- Two ChuTian Urban Papers, pl

29、ease!- Sorry sir. Only one left. Would you like _ ?this B. that C. it D. oneI guess Peter and Sally enjoyed _ at the dancing party.them B. himself C. herself D. themselvesMy family has two dogs. One is white, _ is black.other B. another C. the other D. others- David, is this your sisters bike?- No,

30、its not _. Its my brothers.yours B. his C. hers D. mine-Are two students enough to help you carry the desk?- No, the desk is too heavy. I need _ two.other B. another C.the other D. both能力提升：30.We cant eat in a restaurant because _ of us had _ money.all; no B. any; no C. none; any D. no one; any31.I

31、would appreciate _ if you can keep an eye on my dog while I am away.you B. that C. / D. it 32.His long speech made _ difficult for the listeners to understand him.that B. it C. one D. this33.We decided to take a taxi. Luckily there was _ waiting.some B. another C. one D. any34.Who else can I depend

32、on for help, if not _?he B. himself C. his D. him35.Ill spend half of my holiday practicing English and _ half learning drawing.another B. the other C. others D. other36.I made a call to my parents yesterday. To mu surprise, _ of them answered it.either B. none C. neither D. nobody37. _ seemed as if she was not interested in the topic they were talking about.There B. It C. She D. They38.There are many fine buildings on _ sides of the streets.every B. both C. all D. either39.At the beginning of the party, _ of the guests was given a piece of paper.everyone B. each C. e