高考英語語法精品教案：專題9動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)

1、動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)始終是歷年高考的必考點；主要考查考生在特定語境下對時態(tài)和語態(tài)的懂得,其中現(xiàn)在完成時、一般過去時、過去 完成時的運用顯現(xiàn)得最為頻繁；此外,為了增加試題的區(qū)分度,命題者仍常常把動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)以及主謂一樣結合在一起考查；在解題時要留意以下幾個問題：1這個動作可能發(fā)生在什么時間？題干中可參照的時間信息有哪 些？2這個動作處于什么狀態(tài)？是進行中,仍是已終止完成？限制或修飾這個動作的狀語信息有哪些？3這個動作與主語的關系,是主動仍是被動？只要全面細致地考慮了這些問題,試題的答案也就水落石出 了；一、 動詞時態(tài)的基本結構和用法類別意義例句1 / 34 現(xiàn)一1.主要表示現(xiàn)在的特點、狀態(tài)、I

2、play ping pong 在般常常性動作或客觀事實等；2.用quite well, but I 時現(xiàn)havent had time to 在時間狀語從句和條件狀語從句play since the new 態(tài)在中,表示將來；3. 少數(shù)表示動作year. If it rains 時起止的動詞有時也可用一般現(xiàn)在tomorrow, will you 類別時代替一般將來時,表示一個按still go ？ The plane for Canada 規(guī) 定 、 計 劃 或 安 排 要 發(fā) 生 的 動leaves at 9 ：15. 作；例句意義現(xiàn)現(xiàn)1.表示說話時或現(xiàn)階段正在進行My brother is

3、 在在的動作；reading an 時進2. 與副詞always ,continually ,interesting novel these days. 態(tài)行constantly,never等連用時表You are always 時示厭惡或頌揚等的感情顏色；forgetting the 3.go , come , leave , start,important things. stay等少數(shù)表示來、去、開頭、Were moving to the new building 離開等意義的瞬時動詞的進行時next week. 可以表示一個按規(guī)定、方案或安排好的將要進行的動作；2 / 34 類別意義例

4、句現(xiàn)現(xiàn)1.現(xiàn)在完成時的兩種意義： 表They have 在在示動作發(fā)生于過去,對現(xiàn)在有一cleaned the 時完定的影響或結果；表示動作或classroom. 即 ：態(tài)成狀態(tài)過去已經開頭,連續(xù)到現(xiàn)在The room is clean now. 時而且可能連續(xù)下去；He has lived in 2. 短暫性動詞在確定句中不行與this country for 40 表示時間段的 for, since 等連 years. Once you have 用；made a promise, 3. 可用在表時間、條件、讓步的 you shouldnt 狀語從句中,表示將來某時以前 break it.

5、 已完成的動作；It is the first time that I have 4.在 It is the first/ second been here. time that句型中, that從句的謂語動詞用現(xiàn)在完成時；類別意義例句3 / 34 現(xiàn)現(xiàn)1.表示從過去某一時刻開頭的動Ive been sitting 在在作始終連續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,現(xiàn)在可能剛here all day. 時完剛終止,也可能仍要連續(xù)；Now that she is out of a job, Lucy 態(tài)成2. 表示瞬時意義的動詞不能用于has been 進現(xiàn)在完成進行時；considering going 行意義back

6、to school, but she hasnt decided 時yet. 類別例句過一1.主要表示過去某時發(fā)生的情形If the weather 去般或 動 作 包 括 過 去 習 慣 性 的 動had been better, 時過we could have had 作 ；2. 所表達的大事與現(xiàn)在無a picnic. But it 態(tài)去關； 3. 即使是剛剛發(fā)生的事情也rained all day. 時要用過去時；Sorry. I didnt know you were here. 類別意義例句4 / 34 過過1.表示過去某一時間正進行的動As she was 去去作 ；通常有時間狀語

7、從句 ,或reading the 時進newspaper, Granny 有上下文提示； 2.與副詞 always, fell asleep. My 態(tài)行continually, constantly, nevergrandfather was 時等連用時表示厭惡或頌揚等的感always forgetting 情顏色； 3.go , come ,leave ,things. Mr. Smith start, stay等 少 數(shù) 表 示 來 、said he was leaving 去、開頭、離開等意義的瞬時動for London soon. 詞 的 進 行 時 可 以 表 示 一 個 按 規(guī)

8、定、方案或支配好的過去某個時 間將要進行的動作；類別意義例句過過1.表示某一動作或存在的狀態(tài)發(fā)生By nine oclock 去去在過去某一時間或動作之前,即last night, we had 時完“ 過 去 的 過 去 ” ；可 以 用by ,got 200 pictures from the 態(tài)成before等介詞短語或一個時間狀spaceship. I had 時語從句來表示,也可以用一個表示been at the bus 過去的動作來表示,仍可能通過上stop for 20 下文來表示； 2.表示由過去的某一5 / 34 minutes when a bus finally came

9、. 時刻開頭,始終連續(xù)到過去另一時They to had 間的動作或狀態(tài),常和for, sincewanted help 構 成 的 時 間 狀 語 連 用 ； 3. 動 詞but could not get there in time. think , want , hope , mean ,Hardly had he plan,intend 等用過去完成時來表begun to speak 示過去未曾實現(xiàn)的想法、期望、打when the audience interrupted him. 算 或 意 圖 等；4. 用 在hardly when ,no sooner than,It was t

10、he first second, etc. time that 等固定句型中；類別意義例句 He said he would come and help me if necessary. I was just about to explain when he interrupted me. 例句過過1.常 用 于 賓 語 從 句 或 間 接 引 語去去中； 2.was/were about to 時將do when 剛要做某事這時 態(tài)來時類別意義6 / 34 將will 其特別用法：I will be 17 next shallmonth. 來1單純的將來；時do 2說話時臨時的準備；Sorr

11、y, I forgot to post your letter. 態(tài)It doesnt matter. I will go and post it myself. 將類別意義例句be 1. 依據(jù)方案準備做即說話Ann is in 來going hospital. 時早已有的準備 ；時to do Yes, I know. Im 2 根 據(jù) 客 觀 跡 象 預 示going to visit her 態(tài)著 ；tomorrow. Look at the clouds. It is going to rain. 類別意義例句將be 1. 表示按方案要發(fā)生的事或The president is to 來

12、to visit the school next 表示命令、職責、義務、要時求等；week. You are to do your 態(tài)do 2 可以用于條件句,表示homework before you 7 / 34 “想,想要做 ；”watch TV. 相 當 于3be to do 結構有時仍可should, ought to 以表示 “注定了 ”；If you are to pass the exams, you will have to study harder from now on. They were never to meet again. 將類別意義例句to be 表 示 即

13、將 發(fā) 生 的 動 作 , 意We are about 來about 為：很快,立刻；后面一般leave. 時to 不跟時間狀語；常與when 態(tài)do 連用, 構成句型 “ be about to do when ” 剛要做 這時 二、幾種易混時態(tài)的辨析1一般現(xiàn)在時與現(xiàn)在進行時而現(xiàn)一般現(xiàn)在時表示常常性的、習慣性的或狀態(tài)性的行為；在進行時就具有進行性、未完成性和臨時性的特點；如：On the wall hangs a picture painted by Qi Baishi. This is not my coat. Mine is hanging behind the door. 8 / 34

14、 如：2022重慶卷 The palace caught fire three times in the last century,and little of the original building _ now.Aremains Bis remained Cis remaining Dhas been remained 【解讀】A考查動詞用法準時態(tài)；remain作不及物動詞用,表示 “剩下,仍有 ”,只能用于主動語態(tài),不行直接跟賓語；結合語境應用一般現(xiàn)在時表示現(xiàn)狀；2一般過去時和現(xiàn)在完成時一般過去時所表達的大事與現(xiàn)在無關；而現(xiàn)在完成時就強調對 現(xiàn)在的影響和結果；如：I stayed in

15、Beijing for five days. Then I went to America. I am not in Beijing now. I have stayed in Beijing for five days and havent decided where to go next. I am still in Beijing now and dont know where to go next.2022北京卷 Im sorry ,but I dont quite follow you. Did you say you wanted to return on September 20

16、.Sorry ,I _myself clear. We want to return on October 20.9 / 34 Ahadnt made Bwouldnt make Cdont make Dhavent made 【解讀】 D 此題考查時態(tài)和情形交際；答句句意為：愧疚,我仍沒有把我的意思表達明白,強調對現(xiàn)在造成的影響,用現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)；3一般過去時和過去進行時一般過去時表示發(fā)生在過去的動作或過去存在的狀態(tài)；過去進行時就表示在過去某個時間點或時間段正在做某事；進行時具有進行性、未完成性和臨時性的特點；如：I read a book last month. 書已經在過去某個時間點讀完

17、I was reading a book last month. 書未讀完 Has Sam finished his homework today. I have no idea. He _it this morning. Adid Bhas done Cwas doing Dhad done 【解讀】 C 此題簡單誤選 A；依據(jù) I have no idea 這一關鍵信息可知,說話者對是否完成并不知道,因此用進行時,表示今日上午在做；4一般過去時和過去完成時10 / 34 判定是不是過去完成時應先從時間軸上找到表示“過去 ”的時間 點或動作 ,然后判定在這個時間點或動作之前仍有沒有另一個動

18、作,并且判定該句是否強調 發(fā)生在前；The moment I got home, I found I had left my jacket on the playground.5完成時和完成進行時的用法比較 現(xiàn)在完成時和過去完成時分別表示某一動作連續(xù)到現(xiàn)在或過去 某一時間；現(xiàn)在完成進行時和過去完成進行時雖然也表示一個動作 連續(xù)到現(xiàn)在或過去某一時間,但更強調動作的連續(xù)性；完成時強調 動作的結果,完成進行時強調動作的連續(xù)；如：1 Why does the river smell terrible. Because the water_. Ahave polluted Bis being pollu

19、ted Chas been polluted Dhave been polluted 【解讀】C考查完成時和完成進行時的用法和主謂一樣；根據(jù)問句可知所填動詞表示過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在產生的影響,時態(tài) 用現(xiàn)在完成時,動詞與主語是被動關系,用被動語態(tài)；主語是 the water ,謂語動詞用單數(shù),選 C； 2 He _ articles for our newspaper these years, 11 / 34 and he _about 40 articles. Ahas written；has written Bhas been writing；writes Cis writing ；has

20、been writing Dhas been writing；has written 【解讀】D 考查完成時和完成進行時的用法；由句意知“這些 年 他 一 直 在 寫 ” , 用 written ；三、被動語態(tài)has been writing ； “ 已 寫 完 了 ” 用 has 動詞的語態(tài)反映主語與謂語動詞之間的一種關系；動詞 的語態(tài)有兩種：主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)；當句子的主語是謂語動詞所 表示的動作的執(zhí)行者時,謂語動詞用主動語態(tài)；當句子的主語是謂 語動詞所表示的動作的承擔者時,謂語動詞用被動語態(tài)；在主動語 態(tài)中,句子通過謂語動詞的不同形式表達出不同的時態(tài)形式；被動 語態(tài)由 “助動詞 be 過

21、去分詞 ”構成,不同的時態(tài)通過 be 的不同形 式表達；其被動語態(tài)構成方法與一般的及物動詞的被動語態(tài)的構成 方法相同；常用被動構成以 ask常用被動構成為例 was/were being 語態(tài)語態(tài)1 一般現(xiàn)在am/is/are 6 過去進行asked asked 時時12 / 34 2 一般過去was/were 7 現(xiàn)在完成have/has been asked asked 時時3 一般將來shall/will be 8 過去完成had been asked asked will/would have 時時would be 4 過去將來9 將來完成asked been asked 時時5 現(xiàn)在

22、進行am/is/are 10 含有情態(tài)can/must/may be 時being asked 動詞的被asked 動語態(tài)注 被動語態(tài)的否定式是在第一個助動詞或情態(tài)動詞后加意 not ,短語動詞的被動語態(tài)不行漏掉其中的介詞或副事 詞；如： Trees should not be planted in summer. The 項 boy was made fun of by his classmates. “get 過去分詞 ”可以表示被動,此結構比較口語化；如：She got married last week. He fell off the car and got killed. 漢語有一

23、類句子不顯現(xiàn)主語,在英語中一般可用被動結構表示；如：It is believed that It is generally considered that It is said that It is well 13 / 34 known that It must be pointed out that It is supposed that It is reported that It must be admitted that It is hoped that注 不 不及物動詞及短語沒有被動語態(tài),如：happen, take 意用place, last, break out, come ab

24、out, come out等；事被如： The book came out last year. The meeting 項動lasted about 4 hours without reaching any 語agreement. 態(tài)系 動 詞 look, sound, feel, smell, taste, appear, 的seem, go, prove, turn, stay, become, fall, get, grow, 情keep等 都 沒 有 被 動 語 態(tài) ； 如 ： The food tastes 況good.The cloth feels soft. His plan

25、proved to be practical. It has gone bad. 表示主語的某種屬性特點的動詞不需用被動語態(tài)；如read, write, act, cut, draw, drive, sell, wash, open, lock, shut, dry, start ；這類動詞一般不單獨使用,常用一個修飾語；如：The book sells well. 這本書很暢銷；My pen wont write. 我的筆寫不出字來；This coat dries easily. 這種外衣簡單干；The door wont lock. 這門鎖不上；The engine wont 14 / 3

26、4 start. 引擎發(fā)動不起來；The cloth washes well. 這布很耐洗；1Hi, Lucy, you look tired. Im really tired. I _the living room all day. Apainted Bhad painted Chave been painting Dhave been painted C 與 D 的區(qū)分,而誤選 D；【誤】 同學簡單辨論不清【正】C 表示我一成天都在刷房子,應當用現(xiàn)在完成進行 時；2Nancy is not coming tonight. But she _！promise【誤】 But she has p

27、romised. 【正】 But she promised. 【解讀】 Nancy“答應要來 ”這個動作應當發(fā)生在過去,是過去作出的承諾,前文已告知我們“她不來了 ”,因此諾言已跟現(xiàn)在沒有關系,只是過去的一個動作；3托尼給我打電話時,我剛完成工作,要開頭洗澡；15 / 34 【誤】 When Tony phoned me I had just finished my work and started to take a shower. 【正】 When Tony phoned me I had just finished my work and was starting to take a s

28、hower. 【解讀】 從關鍵信息 I had just finished my work 可以看出 是“剛要開頭洗澡 ”應當是進行時, was starting 可以表示立刻就要 進行的動作；而 started 表示 “開頭了 ”；4I dont really work here; I _until the new secretary arrives. Ajust help out Bhave just helped out Cam just helping out Dwill just help out 【誤】 此題易受第一句話的影響,而誤選 A；表示我現(xiàn)在只是在臨時幫忙,是現(xiàn)在正在進行的

29、動【正】作,選 C；【解讀】一般現(xiàn)在時表示現(xiàn)在的、常常性的行為或狀態(tài),而 現(xiàn)在進行時表示正在進行的、臨時性的動作；5許多的鳥類正被人們捕殺；【誤】 Many birds are killed now. 【正】 Many birds are being killed now. 【解讀】現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)結構要完整,不能遺漏其中16 / 34 的助動詞,導致時態(tài)錯誤；12022上海卷 The church tower which_will be open to tourists soon. The work is almost finished. Ahas restored Bhas been

30、restored Cis restoring Dis being restored 【解讀】D 此題考查被動語態(tài)； restore 意為 “修復”,而最 后一句說明工程仍未完成,因此為正在修復中,選 D；22022北 京 卷 John was given the same suitcase his father and grandfather_ with them to school. Atook Bhad taken Cwere taking Dwould take 【答案】 B 32022遼寧卷 Excuse me, Marcia, a reporter from Vanity Fair_

31、 all day. Could you speak to her now. Aphones Bhas phoned Chas been phoning D phoned 【解讀】 C考查現(xiàn)在完成進行時；由all day 可以看出始終在打電話,此時仍舊在打,過去發(fā)生的動作連續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并仍在進17 / 34 行,選 C；42022天津卷 My parents _ in Hong Kong. They were born there and have never lived anywhere else. Alive B lived C were living D will live 【解讀】 A 考查

32、時態(tài)；后句意思為：他們誕生在香港,從來沒有在別的地方住過；由此可知前句 現(xiàn)在時,說明事實,選 A；“始終在香港住 ”,時態(tài)用一般52022江蘇卷 Ann is in hospital. I _go and visit Oh, really. I _know. her. Adidnt; am going to Bdont; would Cdont; will Ddidnt; will 【解讀】D 由答語中的 “Oh, really ？”可以看出, “我”是剛剛知道的,所以用 I didnt know 表示現(xiàn)在之前不知道； A 項中的am going to 表示“說話時早有的準備 ”,而 D 項中

33、的 will 就表示 “說話時臨時的準備 ”；6 2022上 海 卷 During the period of recent terrorist activities, people _not to touch any unattended bag.Ahad always been warned Bwere always being warned 18 / 34 Care always warning Dalways warned 【解讀】B依據(jù)時間狀語可知是指過去,be always doing sth. 表示 “一種感情顏色 ”,并且人們與警告之間是被動的關系,選B；7 He_ footb

34、all regularly for many years when he was young. Awas playing B played Chas played Dhad played 【解讀】 B 考查考生對題干中句子含義的懂得以及對動詞時態(tài)的把握情形；由題干中的“for many years”許多同學推斷出應為現(xiàn)在完成時,但 “when he was young 這個時間狀語說明他打球是過去時,未連續(xù)到現(xiàn)在；由“regularly 可知他過去常常打球,是一種過去的習慣性的動作,選 B；82022全國卷 Linda ,make sure the tables _ before the gu

35、ests arrive. Abe set Bset Care set Dare setting 【解讀】C 考查動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)； make sure 意為 “確信,確?！?set tables 意為 “擺放桌子 ”,結合語境應用被動形式；92022全國卷 Excuse me. I_ I was blocking your way. 19 / 34 Adidnt realize Bdont realize Chavent realized Dwasnt realizing 【解讀】 A 考查動詞時態(tài)；這里應用一般過去時表示說話之 前“沒有意識到 ”；10My friend went to Cana

36、da three years ago. He_ there for a few months and then went to America. Awas living Bhas lived Cwas lived Dlived 【解讀】 D 句意為：我的伴侶三年前去了加拿大,他在那里 住了幾個月,然后去了美國；由句意可知,住在加拿大這個情形發(fā)生在過去,且已經終止,故用一般過去時；112022四川卷 When shall we restart our business. Not until we _ our plan. Awill finish Bare finishing Care to fi

37、nish Dhave finished 【解讀】 D 考查動詞時態(tài)；狀語從句用現(xiàn)在時代替將來時,這里表示方案完成后,所以用現(xiàn)在完成時；12Have you read the book called Waiting for Anya.Who _it. Awrites B has written Cwrote D had written 20 / 34 【解讀】C此題考查時態(tài)；題干中的答句問“誰寫的這本書？”說明此書確定是過去寫的,所以用動詞的過去式；13 They_ two free tickets to Canada, otherwise theyd never have been able

38、to afford to go. Ahad got B got C have got D get 【解讀】 B 此題考查時態(tài)；句意為：他們得到了兩張去加拿大的免費票,否就他們將永久也去不起；此題表達事實,又發(fā)生在過去,選 B；14The singer together with her band _invited to the concert. Did you enjoy that party.No, no sooner _than they sang their top hit Oh My Baby. Awas; I had left Cwas; had I left Bwere; I ha

39、ve gone Dwere; did I leave 【解讀】C 主謂一樣、時態(tài)及倒裝的綜合考查；主語 the singer 后面跟有 together with 引起的短語,謂語動詞與前面的主語一樣,所以要用 was；否定詞 no sooner 和 than 連用,且位于句首時,用部分倒裝結構,表示一件事緊接著另一件事發(fā)生,相當于漢語的 “一 就 ”；152022四川卷 Youve failed to do what you _ to and Im afraid the teacher will blame you. Awill expect 21 / 34 Bwill be expecte

40、d Cexpected Dwere expected 【解讀】D 考查動詞時態(tài)；由語境 “老師將批判你 ”,知道你沒有完成應當做的,所以用過去時,expect sb. to do sth. 意為“期待某人做某事 ”,此處要用被動形式；162022安徽卷 Were you surprised by the ending of the film.No. I _ the book,so I already knew the story. Awas reading Bhad read Cam reading Dhave read 【解讀】B 考查時態(tài)；句意為：“你對電影結果感到驚訝嗎？ ” “不,我已

41、經讀過這本書,所以我已知道了這個故事；” “讀書 ”是在“看電影 ”之前,故用過去完成時；172022全國卷 Have you finished reading Jane Eyre.No ,I _ my homework all day yesterday. Awas doing Bwould do 是信息詞,Chad done Ddo 【解讀】A考查動詞時態(tài)； all day yesterday示意用過去進行時；182022遼寧卷 I _ all the cooking for my family,but recently Ive been too busy to do it. 22 / 3

42、4 Awill do Bdo Cam doing Dhad done 【解讀】 B 考查動詞時態(tài)；第一句表示通常、一般性的一種狀況,所以用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)；句意為：我為一家人做飯,但是最近我太忙不能做了；19 2022全國卷 The discovery of gold in Australia led thousands to believe that a fortune _. Ais made Bwould make Cwas to be made Dhad made 【解讀】C 考查動詞時態(tài)和語態(tài)；make a fortune 表“發(fā)財”,此處是被動語態(tài), was to be made 表示過

43、去將來時,相當于would be made ；20 2022福建卷 Every year a flood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen for the money-making jobs they _ before leaving their hometowns. Apromised Chave promised Bwere promised Dhave been promised 【解讀】 D 考查動詞時態(tài)；句意為：由于在離開家鄉(xiāng)前被許諾的能掙錢的工作,每年大量的農夫工涌入深圳；由句中 arrive 的時 態(tài) 可 知 此 處 的 時 態(tài) 是 現(xiàn) 在 時 , 又

44、根 據(jù) before leaving their hometowns 可知在離開家鄉(xiāng)前的承諾,強調結果,所以該空應為現(xiàn)在完成時；23 / 34 21 2022福建卷 Guess what ,weve got our visas for a short-term visit to the UK this summer. How nice ！You _ a different culture then. Awill be experiencing Bhave experienced Chave been experiencing Dwill have experienced 【解讀】 A 考查動詞

45、時態(tài)；由第一句可知：我們已經得到了暑假去英國旅行的短期簽證,再由其次句中then 可知：這是對去英國旅行的美好希望,動作尚未發(fā)生；因此時態(tài)應為將來進行時；22 2022 安徽卷 Weve spent too much money recently. Well , it isnt surprising. Our friends and relatives _ around all the time. Aare coming Bhad come Cwere coming Dhave been coming 【 解 讀 】D 考 查 時 態(tài) ； 句 意 為 ： “ 最 近 我 們 花 錢 太 多了；

46、” “一點也不古怪；我們始終有伴侶和親戚來；”句中顯現(xiàn)了明顯的時間狀語 recently 和 all the time；23 2022 北京卷 In the spoken English of some areas in the US, the “r ” at the end of the words _.24 / 34 Aare dropped Bdrop Care being dropped Dhave dropped 【解讀】 A此題考查動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)；the “r ” soundsdrop 之間構成規(guī)律上的動賓關系,要用被動語態(tài)；題目描述的是習慣做法,要用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)；24 2022

47、 北京卷 Im not finished with my dinner yet.But our friends _for us. Awill wait Bwait Chave waited Dare waiting 【解讀】 D 此題考查動詞的時態(tài)；依據(jù)第一句話可知,雙方談論的是正在發(fā)生的事情,故用現(xiàn)在進行時態(tài)；25 Unfortunately,when I got to her flat, she_,so we had only a moment for a few words. Ajust left Bhad just left Chas just left Dwas just leavi

48、ng 【解讀】D考查時態(tài)；從后半句的“所以我們僅用一會兒時間說了幾句話 ”可知,當說話人到達那位女士的公寓時,她剛要離 開,應當用過去進行時表示過去立刻要發(fā)生的動作；26 Has Tom already finished his new story. I have no idea. He _it last month. Ahad written Bwas writing Cwould write Dwrote 25 / 34 【解讀】 B 此題考查時態(tài)；過去某個動作表示未完成或者不 知道有沒有完成時,用過去進行時態(tài),句中是不知道有沒有完成,所以此題挑選 B 項；27 How come your

49、 father can read books in German. Well, he _on a project with some German engineers for 3 years when he was young. Aworked Bwas working Chad worked Dwould work 【解讀】 A考查動詞時態(tài)；盡管應答句中有3 years 表時間段,但由時間狀語從句可知此處是陳述過去的事實,故用一般過去 時,選 A；28 Whats the problem, Sir. You _at per hour. Aare driving Bdrive Cwere dr

50、iving least at a speed of about 100 miles Dhave been driving 【答案】 C 29 Are you still very busy. Yes,I _the report for the manager and it wont take long. 26 / 34 Ahave just finished Bam just finishing Chad just finished Dam just going to finish 【解讀】B考查現(xiàn)在進行時態(tài)表示將來的用法；依據(jù)“it wont take long推知,報告將要寫完但并沒有寫完

51、；30 What are you going to do this afternoon. I am going to the cinema with some friends. The film _quite early, so we _to the bookstore after that.Afinished; are going Cfinishes; are going Bfinished; go Dfinishes; go 【解讀】C 由問句和答語 I am going 可知,要用將來時態(tài),排除選項 A 和 B；電影的開頭和終止是電影院在時刻表中已有的方案,用一般現(xiàn)在時表示,而表示最近的

52、準備或支配,就可用現(xiàn)在進行時表示；12022東北三省四市聯(lián)考 What that terrible noise,David.Oh,I forgot to tell you.The new machines in the nearby plant_.27 / 34 Awere tested Care being tested Bwill be tested Dhave been tested 解 讀 ：考 查 動 詞 的 時 態(tài) ； 根 據(jù) 問 句 中 的 What s that terrible noise 可知,這里應當用進行時態(tài),噪音是機器正在被檢測時發(fā)出的,所以用現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)；d

53、idn答案：C were arrested and 2 2022北京西城模擬 The attackers t know where they_.Awould take Bare taken Cwere being taken Dwill be taken 解讀：句意為：突擊者被捕了,他們不知道正被帶往何處；依據(jù) didnt know 可知,空格處也應當用過去的某種時態(tài),所以 B、D 不正確；依據(jù)句意可知此處用被動語態(tài),應選 C；答案：C 3 2022南 京 模 擬 People begin to know that most environmental problems exist becau

54、se necessary measures for preventing them_taken in the past.Aare not Bwere not Chadn t been Dwouldnt be解讀：句意為：人們開頭明白到由于在過去沒有實行必要的28 / 34 預防措施從而造成了大多數(shù)的環(huán)境問題；in the past 示意出用過去時態(tài)； hadn been 指在一個過去的動作或時間之前發(fā)生的事情；wouldn表過去將來,故 B 項正確；答案：B 42022 日照市調研考試 Monitor. I m not monitor of our class.I_with the teach

55、er until the monitor is elected.Awill just help Cam just helping Bam just to help Dhave just helped 解讀：考查時態(tài)；下句意為：我只是在幫忙老師,直到選出班長為止；依據(jù)上下句語意可知,此處用現(xiàn)在進行時,表示答話者 當時所處的狀態(tài)；答案：C s.52022南京第一次模擬 I hear you_at SmithYes,I_there for about three months. Awork ；had been working Bworked ；was working Care working ；ha

56、ve been working Dworked ；have worked 解讀：此題考查時態(tài)；聽說你正在Smith上班,因此應當29 / 34 使用現(xiàn)在進行時態(tài)；我在那里已經工作大約三個月了 可能仍會連續(xù)下去,因此需要使用現(xiàn)在完成進行時態(tài)；答案：C Why didnt you come to 62022海淀區(qū)其次學期期中練習the cinema with us last Saturday.Oh,sorry.But I_the film. Asee Bsaw Chave seen Dhad seen 解讀：考查動詞的時態(tài)；由語意可知,這個電影在上周六last Saturday 之前就已經看過了,也就是說動作發(fā)生在“過去的過去”,因此應當用過去完成時；答案：D 72022 3 月濟南模擬 A big step _to strengthen Chinahealth care systems since we launched an eff ort in 2022.Ahas been taken Cwas taken Bis being