高中英語巧解定語從句之難題

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上專心-專注-專業(yè)專心-專注-專業(yè)精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上專心-專注-專業(yè)巧解定語從句之難題定語從句既是NMET命題的熱點，又是中學(xué)英語教學(xué)中的重點，它是高中階段學(xué)習(xí)的一個大語法項目，無論是單項填空，還是完形填空，閱讀理解和短文改錯中出現(xiàn)的頻率都很高。 在解題過程中，首先要正確判斷是不是定語從句，若是疑問句要將其恢復(fù)為陳述句，尤其注意標點符號、是否已有并列連詞（如but, and 等）和從屬連詞（如if, when 等），還要注意是否是強調(diào)句結(jié)構(gòu)。其次，在確定是定語從句后，要找準先行詞，看它是指人還是物，是表時間還是地點。再次，要弄清楚先行詞

2、在定語從句中作什么成分。最后，在根據(jù)關(guān)系詞各自的意義和用法特點去確定恰當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞。筆者在多年的教學(xué)中總結(jié)了十二大注意事項，如果能完全理解和掌握這些，定語從句的學(xué)習(xí)也就輕而易舉了。巧法之一：分句還是定語從句？如：1、The earth is round. _ is known to all. 2、The earth is round, _ is known to all.3、_ is known to all, the earth is round.解析：由于“The earth is round.”是以句號結(jié)尾，那么1題就是兩個分句，后面就不能用定語從句，只能用“It”填空，第二題就有一個逗號

3、，則是定語從句，指代前面的句子，所以可以用“as 或which”,第三題則是主句放句首時，只能用as 了，因為as 的位置靈活，位于句首，句中，或者句末，而which 只能位于主句之后。巧法之二：都是定語從句？如：4、This is the same pen as I lost. 5、This is the same pen that I lost.這兩個都是定語從句，但意義完全不一樣。4句譯為：這支鋼筆和我丟的那支一樣。5句譯為：這就是我丟的那支鋼筆。但這兩個句子就一樣了：6、This is so interesting a book as we all like.7、This is suc

4、h an interesting book as we all like. 都譯為：這是一本如此有趣的我們都喜歡的書。巧法之三：定語從句還是狀語從句？如：8、This is such an interesting book as we all like .9、This is such an interesting book as we all like it.解析：8句是定語從句，譯為：這是一本如此有趣的我們都喜歡的書。 9句是狀語從句，譯為：這是一本如此有趣的書，我們都喜歡它。巧法之四：介詞該如何搭配？如：10、Do you like the book _ she spent $10? 11

5、、Do you like the book _ she paid $10?12、Do you like the book _ she learned a lot?13、Do you like the book _ she often talks?14、Do you like the book _ she is interested?15、Do you like the book _ she is fond?16、Do you like the book _ she bought?17、Do you like the book _ she is clever?18、Do you like the

6、 book _ she always takes with her?19、Do you like the book _ is very interesting?解析：介詞的選擇可以根據(jù)短語動詞的搭配，也可以根據(jù)先行次與介詞的搭配，還可以根據(jù)定語從句的意思定。所以10題填on which ，11題填for which, 12題是from which, 13題是about which,14題是in which,15題是of which, 16題缺賓語填which/that, 17題說的是書中的主人公她聰明，所以應(yīng)該填in which, 18題缺賓語，所以填（which/that）, 19題從句缺主

7、語，表物，所以填which/that. 巧法之五：介詞能否提前？如：20 、Is this the watch that you are looking for.21 、The old man whom I am looking after is better.解析：20句中的for 不能提前，因為for 是副詞。21句中的after也不能提前。巧法之六：從句謂語動詞是否與先行詞一致？如：22、He is the only woman of the teachers who _(come) from Canada.23、He is the woman of the teachers who _

8、(come) from Canada.解析：22句中的先行詞是the woman , 它有個修飾詞only, 所以要填comes, 而23句中就沒有only 或者very 之類的，所以先行詞就是teachers, 應(yīng)填come. 24、The boy that/who lives next has two dogs.25、The apple which/that is big is green.26、The woman who was bitten by a snake was sent to hospital.27、Those who are teachers come from Canad

9、a.28、I, who am your friend, will try my best to help you out.29、One who loves his mother loves his country.巧法之七：定語從句還是同位語從句？如：30、e news that he told me is not true. 31、e news that he stole a bike is not true.解析：30句為定語從句，譯為：他告訴我的消息不是真的。因為that 為關(guān)系詞，充當(dāng)主，賓，表，作賓語時還可省略。31句是同位語從句，that 為連詞，不作成分，不能省，譯為：“他偷自行

10、車”這個消息不是真的。巧法之八：定語從句還是強調(diào)句？如：32、It is the factory that we want to visit next week.33、It is in the factory that we learned a lot from workers.解析：32句是定語從句，因為定語從句中的關(guān)系詞that /who 在從句中充當(dāng)成分，譯為：這就是我們下周想去參觀的工廠。33句如果去掉“It is that”句子還成立，并且強調(diào)句中的it is 以及that, who無意思，不充當(dāng)成分，只構(gòu)成強調(diào)句式。譯為：就是在這個工廠里我們從工人們那里學(xué)到了很多東西。巧法之九：w

11、hose 作定語只代人？如：34、The house _ faces east is mine.(window)35、Do you know the boy _are blue?(eyes)解析：34句有三種填法：whose window, the window of which, of which the window. 35句也有三種填法：whose eyes, the eyes of whom, of whom the ryes.巧法之十：which 可否指代職業(yè)？36、He wants to be a lawyer, _ is very good.37、His sister had b

12、ecome a teacher,_ was that he wanted to be.解析：which 除了可代主語，賓語，指人或物，但36，37這兩個句子的先行詞分別是lawyer ，teacher，這里的兩個單詞并不是指的人，而是律師和老師這個職業(yè)，不能用who 引導(dǎo)，而用which 。而且which 還可以指代句子。38、His son is good at English ,which made him proud.39、Helen was much kinder to her younger son than to the others, which, of course, made

13、 the others envy him.巧法之十一：如何分析成分？如：40、Ill never forget the days _ I spent with him.41、Ill never forget the days _ I worked with him.42、1988 is the year _ I was born.43、1988 is the year _I spent in Chongqing.解析：40句中缺賓語，找關(guān)系代詞，所以填（which/that）,而41句中缺時間狀語，應(yīng)找關(guān)系副詞，填when. 同樣的道理，42題缺時間狀語，用when, 43句差賓語，找關(guān)系代詞（which/that）巧法之十二：何謂分隔性定語從句？如：44、Edison made a lot of inventions, _I think of great importance.45、On my way home in the street I saw a lady _I thought was your aunt.46、He often helps the students _he thinks are