(完整版)2020年高考英語完形填空專項復習(word含答案)(可編輯修改word版)

1、第第 頁共13頁2020年高考英語完形填空專項復習一、復習思路1.梳理完形填空的技巧方法2.擴充詞匯運用二、復習要點完型填空題的特點完形填空設空以實詞為主、虛詞為輔,單詞為主、短語為輔。上海高考完型主要考察動詞、名詞、形容詞、副詞。其他偶爾有過渡詞、介詞短語、連詞。體裁議論文為主,說明文為輔。題材上以思想、文化、商業(yè)、生活為主,同時涉及其他話題。完型填空解題步驟1-通覽速度全文,把握大意快速閱讀一下全文,通過通覽全文、領會大意,概略地了解文章的體裁、背景、內容、結構層次、情節(jié)、寫作風格等等。2-試填緊扣文意,瞻前顧后先易后難,逐層深入。緊扣全文內容,聯系上下文和語境,展開邏輯推理,注意從上下文

2、中尋找線索,注意詞匯的意義、搭配,慣用法,語法,常識等多個角度進行綜合考慮。3-復核全面檢查,確保語意連貫,用詞準確試填后,要把全文再通讀一遍,注意看所選答案填入空白處后能否做到文章意思通順、前后連貫、邏輯嚴謹、結構完整、首尾呼應完型填空高頻詞匯動詞convince;guarantee;ensure;transfer;exist;strike;claim;demonstrate;charge;assemble;reveal;skip;vary;monitor;assess;isolate;classify;distract;embarrass;stretch;believe;make;cons

3、ume;dip;shut;replace,reduce,increase,destroy;expand;narrow;strengthen;weaken;protect;punish;warn;contribute;devote;decorate;drain;maintain;preserve;exhaust;exploit;impose;inspire;pioneer;overcome;resist;shift;switch;plunge;accountfor;postpone;access;remind;inform;amuse;assume;obtain;distribute;antic

4、ipate（預期）；cultivate;recognize;discomfort;threaten;demand;indicate.名詞instinct;ingredient;evidence;miracle;tendency;exposure;principle;efficiency;contribution;contact;infection;opposition;pronunciation;transformation;principle;standards;measure;solution;crisis;innovation;material;resource;improvement;

5、appearance;stability;smoke;cost;bargain;miracle;existence;trend;delivery;mood;spirit;appetite;stomach;strength;muscle;purpose;concept;means;access;variety;alternative;combination;achievement;option;interaction;affirmation;expectation;communication;ecotourism,background,prevention形容詞considerate;aggre

6、ssive;qualified;reluctant;delicate;positive;negative;ignorant;informative;casual;curious;incurable;demanding;reasonable;social;psychological;evident;vital;constant;terrible;wasteful;wonderful;useful;fashionable;beautiful;historic;worthless;ordinary;meaningless;sensitive;agreeable;graceful;financial;

7、appropriate;defensive;fateful（重大的，決定性的）；fruitful（富有成效的，多產的）；sensitive;multiple;resistant;accessible;critical;reasonable;inevitable;essential;dramatic;fulfilling（令人滿意的，能實現個人抱負的）；efficient;ideal;employable;available;respectful（恭敬的，有禮貌的）;negative;frequent;unskilled;compulsoryagreeably;slightly;accident

8、ally;occasionally;physically;psychologically;thoroughly;vaguely;orally;repeatedly;dramatically;subconsciously;carelessly,regularly;while;recently;nearly;rarely;mostly;least;oppositely;unfortunately;frankly;Inaddition,Inshort;otherwise;eventuallynecessarilyflexibly;naturally;actually,nevertheless,for

9、tunately,definitely,narrowly,widely,practically完型填空解題技巧解題思路一：依據首句線索,緊扣主題選擇。首句通常是文章的主題句,通常不設空,便于考生對短文主題、內容或背景有個大概了解。它的目的是向考生提供時間、地點、人物、事件、論點等有用的信息。把握了主題句,對于理解全文和解題很有幫助。Ifyoustudiedpicturesthatancientpeopleleftonrockwallsandyoutriedtodeterminetheirmeaning,youwouldnotdetectinterestinromanceamongthearti

10、sts.51,youwouldseeplentyofanimalswithpeoplerunningafterthem.Lifeforancientpeoplesearnedtocenteronhuntingandgatheringwmiledalsf.oodsforA.InsteadB.ThereforeC.MoreoverD.OtherwiseResearchhasshownthattwo-thirdsofhumanconversationistakenupnotwithdiscussionoftheculturalorpoliticalproblemsoftheday,notheated

11、debatesaboutfilmswevejustwatchedorbookswevejustfinishedreading,butplainandsimple51.A.claimB.descriptionC.gossipD.language解題思路二：順應文意,定位選詞。做題時,要充分利用上下文,找到有提示作用的詞。這些詞可以是同義詞、近義詞或反義詞,也可以是并列連詞或轉折連詞等等。Manypeoplethinkthatlisteningisapassivebusiness.Itisjustthe51one.Listeningwellisanactiveexerciseofourattent

12、ionandhardwork.51.A.positiveB.oppositeC.sameD.wrongMorethan2,400yearsago,theGreekhistorianHerodotusdescribedtheEgyptianpyramidsandothermonuments.Hemayhavebeenthefirstwritertoconsiderthatremainsand_52_couldprovideinformationforlatergenerations.A.booksB.historyC.ruinsD.scienceThecontinuouspresentation

13、offrighteningstoriesaboutglobalwarminginthepopularmediamakesusunnecessarilyfrightened.Evenworse,it51_ourkids.51.A.exhaustsB.depressesC.terrifiesD.exploits解題思路三：注意固定搭配,常用句型。包括動詞與介詞的搭配、動詞與名詞的搭配以及形容詞與名詞的搭配等,同時要根據內容選擇正確的短語。ThedepartmentforEducationandSkillswantsto60teachingofmodemforeignlanguages(MFT)at

14、anearlierstageinthefuture.Primaryschoolchildrenwillgetgreater61toforeignlanguagelearning.A.permitB.encourageC.demandD.offerA.admissionB.accessC.chanceD.approach解析：教育與技術部門將來打算在教育更早階段提供外語教學以60選D。61題考查固定搭配accessto的用法,學生需要總結相關access的搭配,haveaccessto或者offeraccessto,to是介詞。Thatalsoexplainswhyschoolsandcompa

15、niesorganizechallengingtripsandphysicalactivitiesto_62_teamspirit.A.buildupB.putdownC.takeoverD.makeoutA60ofpeoplenowbelieve一incorrectly一thatglobalwarmingisnotevencausedbyhumans.A.mixtureB.majorityC.quantityD.crowd解題思路四：注意同形詞的辨析。Digitalfingerprinting,fluctuations（波動）inthedollarexchangerate,andamasso

16、fonlineinformationaresomeofthewaysmakingtraveltotheUnitedNationsin2010adifferent_51一forinternationalvisitorsthanitwasearlierinthe21stcentury.51.A.experimentB.examinationC.experienceD.excursionAtravelerfromacountry_60intheVWPmustobtainanElectronicSystemforTravelAuthorization（ESTA）,anonlinetravelautho

17、rization,establishedbyDHS.ESTAdetermines,beforethetravelerboardsaflight,whetherthetraveleris_61_totraveltotheUnitedStatesundertheVWPandwhethersuchtravelposesanylawimplementationorsecurityrisks.A.perseveringB.previewingC.participatingD.promotingA.accessibleB.acceptableC.availableD.adaptable解題思路五：根據生活

18、常識以及文化背景確定選項。EFLteachersoftencomplainthatstudents,despiteyearsofstudyingEnglish,simplywillnotspeakit.Theyretoo_63_makingmistakesofthegrammarormispronouncingwordsinawaythatwould64_them.A.confidentinB.comfortablewithC.keenonD.afraidofA.amuseB.informC.remindD.embarrass解題思路六:利用原詞復現或同現,選擇最佳選項。在完形填空中,某一詞語

19、通常重復出現,使得語篇中的句子相互銜接和連貫,從而構成一個完整的意義整體。Firstofallhewasawindow-cleanerandinhisfirstweekhemanagedtosixwindows.A.rubB.dropC.breakD.clean同現指意義上相互聯系的單詞同時出現在同一語篇中。一個語篇,一個話題,要求有與之相連的詞匯。1）名詞同現：與一個話題或一個名詞出現在同一個語境的另一個名詞。如：schoolprimaryschoolmiddleschoolcollegeuniversitystudentspupilsgraduatespostgraduates2）動詞同現

20、：與一個話題或一個名詞出現在同一個語境的另一個動詞。如：schoolteachlearnattendfounddropoutgraduatebedismissed3）形容詞同現;就某一語境而言所能出現的形容詞也是有規(guī)律的。如：在學校這個語境中：(key)school(optional)course(compulsory)course4)結構同現:結構同現批搭配之類的句型和成對出現的短語。如：some.,others;ononehand.,ontheotherhand;former.flatter;so.that;notonly.butalso;hardly/scarcely.when.noso

21、oner.than.beabouttodo/bedoing/haddone/beonthepointofdoing/betodo/bereadytodo/beontheway.when.;Iputmyheadin,expectingtheworst.Buttomysurprise,theroomwasntemptyatall.Ithadfurniture,curtains,aTV,andevenpaintingsonthewall.Andthenonthewell-madebedsatAmy,mynew,dressedneatly.A.roommateB.classmateC.neighbor

22、D.companionThe60Knows.Smell,however,doesseemtoplayapartinhumanattraction.60.A.NoseB.EyeC.HeartD.Hand解題思路七：仔細分析長難句。找出句子主干,主從句,定語狀語等。IntodaysAmericansociety,highschooldropouthasdaybydaygrownintoabigproblemthreateningsocialandeconomicstability,asmanycasesoffamily_51_oreventragedies,causedbyyouthdropout

23、aregrabbingheadlinesinmedia.51.A.objectionsB.conflictsC.establishmentsD.happiness答案：B。長難句分析,第一層是as引導的原因狀語從句,主句是schooldropouthasgrownintoabigproblem.后面緊跟動名詞做定語。As從句中caused過去分詞作后置定語。在進行句子分析時,一定注意把定語等找出來。Inmanycountries,thelanguageofeducationisnotthesameasthelanguageofthehomefor53themajorityofchildren.

24、Furthermore,inmanycountries,younglanguagelearnerscomprisethemostrapidlygrowingsegmentoftheelementary(primary)schoolpopulation.54Whileinsomeschoolsthereisnoextrasupporttohelpyounglanguagelearnersacquirethelanguageofinstruction,inmostcountrieswheretherearelargenumbersofyounglearners,thereisa_55_awaren

25、essoftheirspecialneeds.A.reducingB.watchingC.growingD.slipping解析：55題根據前文可以推斷出選C.growing表示提高的意識?？梢詫@個長句子進行長難句分析：首先是while引導的讓步狀語從句。在while從句中運用了helpsbdosth的結構。在主句中,where引導的定語從句，先行詞是countries.解題思路八：仔細推敲,注重邏輯。做完完形填空題后,要根據所選答案迅速地把文章完整地讀一遍,看語法、慣用法對不對;看是否符合上下文的邏輯;看是否符合故事情節(jié)的發(fā)展,以便更正可能的錯誤選擇。一個完整的語篇應該是符合邏輯的,文章邏

26、輯關系的取得主要靠過渡詞的使用。作者利用轉承語保證文章的邏輯,學生在做完形填空時應通過自己對上下文的理解,找到適當的邏輯關系,然后選擇正確的過渡詞。學生必掌握常見的過渡詞：遞進inaddition,furthermore,again,also,besides,moreover,whatsmore,whatsworse,tomakemattersworse,tomakethingsworse,worsestill比較inthesameway,aswith,similarly,equally,incomparison,justas對照incontrast,ontheotherhand,instea

27、d,however,nevertheless,unlike,onthecontrary,while因果because,becauseof,for,since,dueto,owingto,thanksto,asaresult(of),so,thus強調certainly,aboveall,indeed,ofcourse,surely,actually,asamatteroffact,especially,inparticular,absolutely讓步although,though,afterall,inspiteof舉例forexample,forinstance,thatis,namely

28、,suchas,inotherwords,inthiscase,bywayofillustration.8.時間和空間afterward,after,first,later,then,soon,finally,atlastoutside,near,beyond,above,below,ontheright(left),inthemiddle,opposite,infrontof9.總結tosumup,toconclude,inaword,inshort,inbrief,allinall,inall,insummary表示轉折關系：例1：asurveyof99greenbuildingsinAm

29、ericafoundthatonaverage,theyuse30%lessenergythanconventionalbuildings.Thetraditionalapproachoftryingtominimizeconstructioncosts,58.canleadtohigherenergybillsandwastedmaterials.58.A.inreturnB.forinstanceC.bycontrastD.ingeneral答案解析：綠色建筑比傳統(tǒng)建筑少用30%的能源,與之形成對比的是,傳統(tǒng)建筑會導致更高的能源成本及材料的浪費。所以選C,與上文形成轉折對比。例2：Thef

30、ollowingnumberswouldbe55formostofustoremember.1492178919931848.Butlookatthemin“chunks,anditbecomesmucheasier.1492178919931848.55.A.convenientB.impossibleC.meaningfulD.technical答案解析：兩句之間的But表明是轉折關系,下文出現了“itbecomesmucheasi所”,此空要填的詞與easier形成對比，即選B,impossible。表示因果關系：例1：51itsartfuldesignandsomefancytechn

31、ology,itisexpectedtoconsumeupto50%lessenergythanaconventionalofficebuilding.51.A.InplaceofB.ThankstoC.InspiteofD.Inadditionto答案解析：句意是“由于藝術性的設計及奇特的技術,環(huán)保建筑大樓比傳統(tǒng)的辦公大樓少消耗50%的能源”，所以此空可得出答案為B。例2：asurveyof99greenbuildingsinAmericafoundthatonaverage,theyuse30%lessenergythanconventionalbuildings.Soanyadditio

32、nalbuildingcostscanbe57quickly.57.A.recoveredB.gainedC.countedD.valued答案解析：句意是“綠色建筑比傳統(tǒng)建筑少用30%能源,所以增加的建筑成本可以很快回收?！碧崾驹~So,表明上下文為因果關翁所以選A.表示并列關系：例1：improveemployeeshealthandproductivity,reducelegalliability,and56propertyvaluesandrentalreturns.A.involveB.enhanceC.shareD.show答案解析：句意是“綠色環(huán)保建筑能夠改善員工的健康及生產力,并

33、且增加建筑的價值及租金回報”，根據and可看出此空是與前面的improve構成并列。四個選項中只有B表示“增強或提高”,所以答案為B。表示條件關系：例1：Lifewouldbesomucheasierifwecouldrememberthings51.51.A.effortlesslyB.purposefullyC.exactlyD.carelessly答案解析：句意是“生活將變的更容易，如果記憶不費力氣。”所以選A。表示解說關系：例1：theywerearoundeveninancientthereisnothing61aboutthesemethodstheywerearoundeveni

34、nancienttimes.A.effectiveB.awfulC.valuableD.new答案解析：句意是“這些方法沒有什么新穎之處-他們在古代就已經有了?！本渲械钠普厶柋硎窘忉屨f明,所以選D。Everyoneinbusinesshasbeentoldthatsuccessisallaboutattractingandretaining留?。ヽustomers.Itsoundssimpleandachievable.But,50,wordsofwisdomaresoonforgotten.Oncecompanieshaveattractedcustomerstheyoften51these

35、condhalfofthestory.Intheexcitementofbeatingoffthecompetition,negotiatingprices,securingorders,anddeliveringtheproduct,managerstendtobecomecarriedaway.Theyforgetwhattheyregardastheboringsideofbusiness_52thatthecustomerremainsacustomer.53toconcentrateonretainingaswellasattractingcustomerscostsbusiness

36、hugeamountsofmoneyannually.Ithasbeenestimatedthattheaveragecompanylosesbetween10and30percentofitscustomerseveryyears.Inconstantlychanging54,thisisnotsurprising.Whatissurprisingisthefactthatfewcompanieshaveanyideahowmanycustomerstheyhavelost.Onlynowareorganizationsbeginningtowakeuptothoselostopportun

37、itiesandcalculatethe55implications.Cuttingdownthenumberofcustomersacompanylosescanmakeabig56initsperformance.ResearchintheUSfoundthatafivepercentdecreaseinthenumberofdefecting流失的）customersledto57increasesofbetween25and85percent.IntheUS,DominosPizzaestimatesthataregularcustomerisworthmorethan$5,000ov

38、ertenyears.Acustomerwhoreceivesapoorqualityproductorserviceontheirfirstvisitand58neverreturns,islosingthecompanythousandsofdollarsin59profits（moreifyouconsiderhowmanypeopletheyarelikelytotellabouttheirbadexperience）.Thelogicbehindcultivatingcustomer60isimpossibletodeny.“Inpracticemostcompaniesmarket

39、ingeffortisfocusedongettingcustomers,withlittleattentionpaidto61them,saysAdrianPayneofCornfieldUniversitySchoolofManagement.“Researchsuggeststhatthereisacloserelationshipbetweenretainingcustomersandmakingprofits.62customerstendtobuymore,arepredictableandusuallycostlesstoservicethannewcustomers.Furth

40、ermore,theytendtobelessprice63,andmayprovidefreeword-of-mouthadvertising.Retainingcustomersalsomakesit64forcompetitorstoenteramarketorincreasetheirshareofamarket.50.A.inparticularB.inrealityC.atleastD.firstofall51.A.emphasizeB.doubtC.overlookD.believe52.A.denyingB.ensuringC.arguingD.proving53.A.Movi

41、ngB.HopingC.StartingD.Failing54.A.marketsB.tastesC.pricesD.expenses55.A.cultureB.socialC.financialD.Economical56.A.promiseB.planC.mistakeD.difference57.A.costB.opportunityC.profitD.budget58.asaresultB.onthewholeC.inconclusionD.onthecontrary59.A.hugeB.potentialC.extraD.reasonable60.A.beliefsB.loyalty

42、C.habitsD.interest61.A.alteringB.understandingC.keepingD.attracting62.A.AssumedB.RespectedC.EstablishedD.Unexpected63.A.agreeableB.flexibleC.friendlyD.sensitive64.A.unfairB.difficultC.essentialD.convenientKeys：5054BCBDA5559CDCAB6064BCCDB詞匯整理：inparticular尤其特別onthewhole整體而言onthecontrary相反地regularcusto

43、mer?？?老顧客（聽力常考詞）2高頻動詞：emphasize,overlook,ensure,deny,assume,alter高頻名詞：taste（品味，審美）,expense,budget,profit,loyalty,share（股份）高頻形容詞：financial,economical節(jié)儉的）,potential（n潛力）,agreeable,flexible,sensitive,unfair,essential,特殊句型理解：1.Onlynowareorganizationsbeginningtowakeuptothoselostopportunitiesandcalculatet

44、he55implications.Only+時間狀語，部分倒裝。2.Retainingcustomersalsomakesit64forcompetitorstoenteramarketorincreasetheirshareofamarket.“it”做形式賓語，替代“toenteramarketorincreasetheirshareofamarket.強化練習HarvardLibraryIfwecompareprofessorsandstudentstothehostofauniversity,thenthelibraryofauniversitycanbecomparedtotheha

45、llway.Thequalityofauniversity,51,isindirectproportiontothatofitslibrary.AtHarvard,thelibraryisanessentialpartofeverybodyslife.Boththequantityandthe52_ofthelibrarymakestudyapleasantprocess.HarvardLibraryisnotonlythemostancientlibraryintheUnitedStates,butthelargestuniversitylibrarywiththelargestscale.

46、In1638JohnHarvard53hiswholelibrarytothethenHarvardCollege.After300yearsofdevelopment,thelibrarynowholds10millionbooksand54morethan100branchlibraries.Inadditiontothelibrariesownedbyeachschool,therearesomebranchlibrariesthatare.55_insomeaspects.WhilemostofthebranchlibrariesareonHarvardcampus,someareas

47、farasinWashington,D.C.,oreveninFlorenceofItaly.YenchingLibraryisfamousforits56_ofEastAsianliterature.LamontLibraryisthefirstlibraryintheworldthatis_57forundergraduates.WidenerLibraryisthelargestlibraryinHarvard,onlysecondtoLibraryofCongress.What_58_tobementionedisthesystemorrathertheserviceofthelibr

48、aries.Usuallythelibrariesareopenfrom9a.m.to5p.m.Themainlibrariesareopenuntil10p.m.Thelibrariesforundergraduateswillevenbeopenallnightduringthe59period.Thelibrariesalsoprovidewithstudentstheserviceof60readingmaterialsforallcourses.Atthebeginningofasemester,eachteacherwillgivealistofbookstothelibraria

49、ns.Thelibrariansare61tofindoutthesebooksandputthemattheplaceswherestudentscaneasilyfindthem.Thereisnolimitationforthenumberofbooksthatstudentscanborrow.Asthespaceforthelibraryislimited,manybooksare_62insuburbanlibrary.Despitethis,studentscangotofetchthebookatthe_3_librarywithin24hoursaftertheysubmit

50、requestforthatbook.Evenifthereisonlyonebooktobefetchedfromthesuburbanlibrary,thelibrariesoncampuswillsendsomeonetodothejob.Thiskindo匚64_whichputreadersinthefirstplaceisrareeveninIvyLeague.Therefore,studyatHarvardwillbea(n)65_experience.51.A.asaresultB.tosomeextentC.onthecontraryD.atalltimes52.A.infl

51、uenceB.disciplineC.qualityD.prospect53.A.donatedB.assignedC.adaptedD.distributed54.A.containsB.composesC.involvesD.includes55.A.informativeB.differentC.secureD.peculiar56.A.collectionsB.documentsC.phenomenaD.exhibitions57.A.unusuallyB.formallyC.speciallyD.especially58.A.remainsB.happensC.appearsD.de

52、serves59.A.examinationB.experimentC.vacationD.graduation60.A.confirmingB.preparingC.selectingD.designing61.A.desperateB.willingC.reluctantD.responsible62.A.exhibitedB.reservedC.storedD.classified63.A.appointedB.acceptedC.expectedD.restricted64.A.performanceB.serviceC.activityD.response65.A.fortunate

53、B.creativeC.positiveD.enjoyable案：51-65:BCADBACDABDCABDEducationplaysanextremelyimportantroleinourlifeanddeeplyimpactsthesociety.However,howdoessocietyinfluenceeducation?Beforeunderstandingtheinfluenceofsocietyoneducation,wemust_51society.Societyisanextendedsocialgrouphavingadistinctiveculturalandeco

54、nomicorganization.Itischaracterizedbypatternsofrelationshipbetweenindividuals.Itisagroupofindividualswho52_acommonsystemofcustoms,valuesandlaws.Fromthedefinitionofsociety,itisclearthatwehumanbeingsareitsbuilding_53_.Asweinteractwithpeople,trytounderstandtheirthinkingstylesand54_patterns,wesoonrealiz

55、ethatthereissomuchtolearnfromthem.Societyisthegreatest55_ofeducation.Dontyouthinkso?Wecannot_56theimpactofsocietyontheeducationalsystemalone.Weneedtounderstandtheroleofsocietyinthe_57_developmentofanindividual.Evenbeforewebecomeapartoftheeducationsystem,westartlearningfromoursurroundings.Andduringth

56、eprocessofformaleducation,we_58_takenon-formaleducationfromsociety.Yes,ourinteractionswithourfellow-beings,ourobservationsabouttheirsocialbehaviorandourunderstandingofsocialnorms_59_ustofacelife.True,educational_60_,likeschools,colleges,anduniversitiesplayaveryimportantroleinoureducation.But,wecanno

57、tignorethefactthatwelearnsomeoftheimportantlessonsoflifefromsociety.Itwouldnotbeanexaggerationtosaythatthe_61_processoflearningbeginsatapoint,whichmarkstheendofinstitutionaleducation.Learning,asanindividual,fromyourinteractionwithsociety,isavitalpartofeducation.Societyplaysanimportantroleineducation

58、andinfluencesit,bothpositivelyandnegatively.Socialinequalitiesandunhealthyeducationalpracticesaresomeofthe_62_influencesofsocietyonourlives.Customsandtraditions63certainsectionsofsocietyfromexercisingtheirfundamentalrightsandblockthewell-beingofsociety,shatterthebasicideasofeducationandsocialawarene

59、ss.Somesocialgroupsdenywomensrighttoeducation,whileothersforcechildrentowork,depriving（錄奪）themfromahealthyenvironment,conducivetotheirgrowthanddevelopment.Educationisoneofthebasichumanrights.Ifsocialnormsdeprivecertainstrata（階層）ofsocietyfromprogressinginlifeandcomeinthewayofsocialwelfare,it_64_thepu

60、rposeofeducation.Societyisanentitythatcannotbeseparatedfromus.Itiswewho_65_thesociety.Itisentirelyinourhandswhethertoaddvaluetooureducationordevalueit.51.A.knowB.defineC.recognizeD.analyze52.A.shareB.inventC.operateD.practice53.A.extentsB.blocksC.designsD.expenses54.A.culturalB.traditionalC.educatio