生產(chǎn)生活中含氮化合物的知識點(diǎn)自檢

1、專題四硫、氮和可持續(xù)發(fā)展第二單元生產(chǎn)生活中的含氮化合物1氮?dú)夤痰饔茫河坞x態(tài)氮轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)榛蠎B(tài)氮的方法。途徑舉例固氮固氮“雷雨發(fā)莊稼”的原理：；。2氮氧化物（ 1）一氧化氮是氧化碳類似，也能與人體（ 2）二氧化氮是色氣體，色、有。易被氧化生成二氧化氮，毒性很大，且與一結(jié)合，致使人體組織缺氧而中毒。氣味的有毒氣體，水，生成硝酸和一氧化氮。NO+ O2 =NO2 + H2O =3）氮氧化物（ NO和 NO2）的危害：硝酸型酸雨的產(chǎn)生及危害、造成光化學(xué)煙霧的主要因素、破壞臭氧層。3氨（ 1）氨氣的物理性質(zhì)：氨是色，有氣味的性氣體，易液化，。液氨汽化時(shí)要吸收大量的熱，使周圍的溫度急劇下降，所以液氨常作（

2、2）氨氣的化學(xué)性質(zhì)：與水反應(yīng)：、，氨水顯組成氨水的微粒：與酸反應(yīng)：、與氧氣反應(yīng)（具有還原性）：水，。（氨的催化氧化，工業(yè)制硝酸的基礎(chǔ)）（ 3）氨的制法工業(yè)制法：實(shí)驗(yàn)室制法a 反應(yīng)原理：b 發(fā)生裝置：與實(shí)驗(yàn)室制c 干燥裝置：用氣體的裝置相同。作干燥劑。d 收集裝置：排空氣法。驗(yàn)滿方法：注意事項(xiàng)：收集氨氣的試管口部要放一團(tuán)棉花。作用是。4銨鹽銨鹽是由離子和離子構(gòu)成的物。（ 1）物理性質(zhì)：銨鹽都是色體，都溶于水。（ 2）化學(xué)性質(zhì)受熱分解 : NH4HCO3NH4Cl是否所有的銨鹽受熱分解都能產(chǎn)生氨氣（填“是”或“否” ）。與堿的反應(yīng)： (NH4)2 SO4+NaOHNH4NO3 + NaOH（ 3）

3、銨根離子的檢驗(yàn)：向待測液中加入溶液，加熱，看是否產(chǎn)生使?jié)駶櫟募t色石蕊試紙變藍(lán)的氣體。5硝酸（ 1）物理性質(zhì)：純硝酸是、有氣味的液體。98%以上的濃硝酸在空氣中由于揮發(fā)出HNO3 而產(chǎn)生“發(fā)煙”現(xiàn)象，通常叫發(fā)煙硝酸。常用濃硝酸的質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)大約為 69%。2）化學(xué)性質(zhì)：具有酸的通性：注意：硝酸不可以與金屬反應(yīng)生成氫氣。具有不穩(wěn)定性：HNO3 =（工業(yè)硝酸常呈黃色）強(qiáng)氧化性：A.與金屬反應(yīng)（金、鉑除外）：遇變價(jià)金屬生成高價(jià)金屬硝酸鹽。Cu + HNO3 （濃）=Cu + HNO3 （稀）=B與非金屬反應(yīng)：C + HNO3 （濃） =硝酸在和非金屬反應(yīng)時(shí)，一般地非金屬被氧化成最高價(jià)含氧酸，若酸不穩(wěn)定則被

4、氧化成高價(jià)氧化物。C王水：濃硝酸與濃鹽酸體積比為1 3 的混合溶液。王水能溶解硝酸所不能溶解的金、鉑等。3）硝酸工業(yè)的制法氨的催化氧化法主要原料：生產(chǎn)原理：尾氣吸收：HNO 3 的濃縮：（ 5）硝酸根離子的檢驗(yàn)w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m贈(zèng)送以下資料英語萬能作文 (模板型）Along with the advance of the society more and more problems arebrought to our attention, one of which is that.隨著社會(huì)的不斷發(fā)展，出現(xiàn)了越來越多的問題，其中之一便是_。As to whether it i

5、s a blessing or a curse, however, people take different attitudes.然而，對于此類問題， 人們持不同的看法。 (Hold different attitudes持不同的看 ;Come up with different attitudes 有不同的看法 )As society develops, people are attaching much importance to.隨著社會(huì)的發(fā)展，人們開始關(guān)注.People are attaching more and more importance to the interviewdu

6、ring job hunting求職的過程中，人們慢慢意識到面試的重要性。As towhetheritis worthwhile., thereis a long-runningcontroversial debate. It is quite natural that people from different backgrounds may have divergent attitudes towards it.關(guān)于是否值得 _的問題，一直以來爭論不休。當(dāng)然，不同的人對此可能持不同的觀點(diǎn)。In the process of modern urban development, we ofte

7、n find ourselves in a dilemma.在都市的發(fā)展中，我們往往會(huì)陷入困境。Recently the phenomenon has aroused wide concern, some peopleare in alarm that.最近，這種現(xiàn)象引起了人們的廣泛關(guān)注，有人開始擔(dān)心_。The human race has entered a completely new stage in its history,with the increasingly rapid economic globalization and urbanization, more problems

8、 are brought to our attention.人類進(jìn)入了一個(gè)歷史的嶄新的階段，經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化、都市化的速度不斷加快，隨之給我們帶來了很多問題。. plays such an important role that it undeniably becomes thebiggest concern of the present world, there comes a question, is it a blessing or a curse?_顯得非常重要而成為當(dāng)今世界所關(guān)注的最大的問題，這是無可厚非的。不過，問題是：我們該如何抉擇 ?Now we are entering a new

9、 era, full of opportunities and challenges, 現(xiàn)在我們正在進(jìn)入一個(gè)充滿機(jī)會(huì)和挑戰(zhàn)的新時(shí)代。People from different backgrounds would put different interpretationson the same case.不同行業(yè)的人對同一種問題的解釋不盡相同。The controversial issue is often brought into public focus. People fromdifferent backgrounds hold different attitudes towards th

10、e issue.這中極具爭議性的話題往往很受社會(huì)的關(guān)注。不同的人對此問題的看法也不盡相同。When asked ., some people think. while some prefer.說到 _，有人認(rèn)為 _，而另一些人則認(rèn)為 _。Just as the saying goes: so many people, so many minds. It is quite understandable that views on this issue vary from person to person.俗話說， 。不同的人對此有不同的看法是可以理解的。To this issue, differ

11、ent people come up with various attitudes.對于這個(gè)問題，不同的人持不同的觀點(diǎn)。There is a good side and a bad side to everything, it goes withoutsaying that.萬事萬物都有其兩面性，所以，勿庸置疑，_。When it comes to ., most people believe that ., but other peopleregard .as .提到 _問題，很多人認(rèn)為 _，不過，一些人則認(rèn)為_是_.When faced with., quite a few people

12、claim that .,but otherpeople think as.提到 _問題，僅少數(shù)人認(rèn)為 _，但另一些人則認(rèn)為_。There is a public controversy nowadays over the issue of . Therewho criticize .argue that ., they believe that .,but people who favor .,on the other hand, argue that.目前， _問題爭議較大。批判_的人認(rèn)為 _，他們認(rèn)為_，不過，另一方面，贊同_的人則認(rèn)為 _。Some people are of the

13、opinion that.有些人認(rèn)為 _。Many people claim that.很多人認(rèn)為 _。A majority of 絕大多數(shù)A large number of 很多人Some people contend that . has proved to bring many advantages(disadvantages)有些人認(rèn)為 _有很多有利之處 (不利之處 )。Those who argue for . say that .economic development of the cities. 覺得 _的人認(rèn)為， _ 城市的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展。Some people advocate

14、that .有些人在堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為 _。They hold that . 他們認(rèn)為 _。People, who advocate that ., have their sound reasons (grounds)堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為 _的人也有其說法 (依據(jù) )。Those who have already benefited from practicing it sing high praiseof it.那些從中受益的人對此大家褒獎(jiǎng)。Those who strongly approve of . have cogent reasons for it.強(qiáng)烈認(rèn)同 _的人有很多原因 。Many people w

15、ould claim that.有人會(huì)認(rèn)為 _。People who support . give some or all of the following reasons.那些支持 _觀點(diǎn)的人列出了如下原因：_。But others hold the view that .但是，另外一些人則認(rèn)為_。觀點(diǎn)的用詞： Attitude, opinion, 與其搭配的動(dòng)詞以及詞組： Take, have, come up with，set forth, put forward 等。But on the other hand, there are also quite a few people who

16、 stronglyadvocate that.,.不過，另一方面，也有少部分人堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為_。But people who are ., on the other hand , maintain that.不過，另一方面， _的人認(rèn)為 _。However, there are a large number of people who hold a differentview concerning this case.然而，很多人對此有不同的看法。問題用詞： Issue, phenomenon，后接介詞 , on, over 等。However, some others argue that. 然而

17、，另一些人則認(rèn)為_。However, there are also some others who contend that.然而，也有人認(rèn)為 _。But other people set forth completely totally different argumentconcerning this case.不過，對于此，另一些人則持完全不同的觀點(diǎn)。Some people examine this issue from another angle.有的人用另一角度來看這一問題。On the other hand, there are also many opponents who st

18、rongly .另一方面，也有很多反對的人，他們認(rèn)為_。According to my personality and fondness, I would prefer . ratherthan.根據(jù)我的個(gè)性以及興趣，我選擇_而不會(huì)選擇 _。Personally, I side with the latter (former) opinion.就我個(gè)人而言，我支持后者(前者 )_。Personally, I am in favor of the former point of view.就我個(gè)人而言，我較同意前一種看法。To my point of view 我認(rèn)為Tomymind,thead

19、vantagesfaroverweighthedrawbacks(disadvantages, shortcomings)我認(rèn)為，優(yōu)點(diǎn)勝過缺點(diǎn)。For my part, I stand on side of the latter opinion that.就我而言，我較贊同后一種觀點(diǎn)_。As far as I am concerned, I am inclined to be on the side of the latter view.在我看來，我較同意后一種觀點(diǎn)。After a thorough consideration, for my part, I am in favor of th

20、e latterview that.經(jīng)過深思熟慮，我較支持后一種看法，亦即_。If asked to make a decision, I would prefer.如果真的需要作出選擇，我寧愿_。展現(xiàn)問題篇問題的常用詞： question, problem, issueRecently, the issue of . has been brought into public focus.近來， _的問題引起了社會(huì)的廣泛關(guān)注。Now we are entering a brand new era full of opportunities andinnovations, and great c

21、hanges have taken place in people attitudes towards some traditional practice.現(xiàn)在我們進(jìn)入了一個(gè)充滿機(jī)遇和創(chuàng)新的嶄新時(shí)代，很多人對某些傳統(tǒng)的看法也發(fā)生了很大改變。Recently the issue of whether or not . has been in the limelight andhas aroused wide concern in the public.近來，是否 _的問題已經(jīng)非常明確而且引起了社會(huì)的廣泛關(guān)注。The issue whether it is good or not to . has

22、 aroused a heateddiscussion all over the country._的利與弊已在全國范圍內(nèi)引起熱烈的討論。At present, some people think .while others claim .Both sides havetheir merits.目前，一些人認(rèn)為 _而另一些人則認(rèn)為_。其實(shí)，兩種觀點(diǎn)都其可取之處。People rarely reach an absolute consensus on such a controversial issue.對于這種極具爭議的話題，我們很難作出絕對的回答。People from different backgrounds would put different interpretationson the same case.不同行業(yè)的人對同一種問題的解釋不盡相同。The controversial issue is often brought into p