整理ArcGIS查找重復(fù)數(shù)據(jù)方法

1、數(shù)據(jù)處理查找重復(fù)方法總結(jié)在數(shù)據(jù)處理過程中，我們可能會遇到有重復(fù)數(shù)據(jù)的情況，卜面主要針對數(shù)據(jù)重復(fù)查找總結(jié)以下幾種方法:同一數(shù)據(jù)層中查找重復(fù)1按照査找頻數(shù)査重復(fù)（前提：重復(fù)數(shù)據(jù)屬性中有相同字段）Of Contend煌履亙Layers0蔭TaUo08J8CT1D SHAPfi SHAPa LnKtbSHlPB AxMCu241W2 6095161O93OH93. 317C18Jtw23Polricn3,50： 89412567037*2 :SC68衣st4Folya29：S：. 07：8：U275935.083:95TA3SF017ECC27452 42074346S3TW3 16HZ84tFol*

2、f52933022 4：3408eV7Polyion64S0T4W6-8T5 話239B4C?：. 64SCT4?；：3T45.142C49圖1如上圖（圖1）,通過屬性表可以看出一共7條數(shù)據(jù)，但是圖形只有6個。主 要就是圖形覆蓋了（此處主要是圖形完全一樣所致）；我們可以通過查找屬性的頻 數(shù)即可快速查找出重疊的圖像。首先在 AicToolBox 匸具箱中，找到分析工具 Analysis TooVStatistics/Fiequencv （查找頻數(shù)工具）；如圖2。ArcTodbox ArcTodbox 3D Analyst Took(令 Analysis TookS) Extract9 & 6er

3、byU & ProximityStatisticsFrequencySummary Statistic Tabulate Intersection (2 Cartography Tools Conversion Tods ( 令 Coverage Too也 G 劈 Data Interoperability Tools H Data Maragement Took ( 令 Data Reviewer Tools G Editing Tools ! FME Interoperability Took ( 令 Geccoding Tools Ch Geoetisiical Anelvst Tool

4、s左鍵單擊Frequency工具，出現(xiàn)如下圖（圖3）窗I I：r 5 Contentsm LayersH E國O氣 Frequency此時，AicMap會自動將統(tǒng)計結(jié)果表加載進來，右鍵點擊統(tǒng)計表，打開該表, 如下圖（圖4）：Hie Edit View Boolcmarks Insert Stction 6 ics w s a * * 皿oaTable Of Cortents氣 Frequency此時，AicMap會自動將統(tǒng)計結(jié)果表加載進來，右鍵點擊統(tǒng)計表，打開該表, 如下圖（圖4）：Hie Edit View Boolcmarks Insert Stction 6 ics w s a * *

5、皿oaTable Of CortentsA X日dElLayers-1 J CMJsersXtorfeiz.DesktopV F tempE 0口i 3 CWserstorgioz,.Documen1 - vv r !r、自 OpenJoin, and RehtesX Retno/e(OataEdit Featuvet0 Geocode Addresses. * Oploy Roulc Evenly.XT Oplay XV Data.F Projwtie、*、” O ： 畤 *：*選中Frequency列，右鍵進行排序（一般按照降序排列），F(xiàn)requency列數(shù)值1, 即可能為重復(fù)數(shù)據(jù)（a.重

6、復(fù)數(shù)據(jù)；b.圖形完全壓蓋的數(shù)據(jù)）；如圖5：ableempFreq uencylOBJECTID SHAPE Area 5|29428745. 1420491135938622. 41340S2146837803. 1142S3146276936. 0351954156703742. 15066861105304450. 517O1S(0 out of 6 Selected) I temp Frequencyll 鼻 z圖5接卜來，自己可以通過相關(guān)字段進行快速查找判斷、如果數(shù)據(jù)重復(fù)刪除即可,在處理結(jié)束后建議再次統(tǒng)計頻數(shù)，確保無重復(fù)數(shù)據(jù)后方町。通過拓撲進行査找重復(fù)數(shù)據(jù)；首先通過AicCatalog

7、建立拓撲規(guī)則。（仍然以上述練習(xí)數(shù)據(jù)為例）拓撲的建立必須在數(shù)據(jù)庫中，shp數(shù)據(jù)無法建立拓撲；如果為shp數(shù)據(jù)町以 先將shp數(shù)據(jù)導(dǎo)入.mdb數(shù)據(jù)庫中，再進行操作。找到將要建立拓撲的數(shù)據(jù)所在的數(shù)據(jù)集，右鍵點擊該數(shù)據(jù)集，選擇New/Topology開始建立拓撲關(guān)系。如下圖（圖6）：.?! ArCaobg - C；農(nóng)mp 取消圖6-1II此處，點擊下一步即可，進入建立拓撲容差見面，一般我們?nèi)莶钤O(shè)定為0.001（容差越小，精度越高）；如下圖（圖62）New Topology醐溶稱此竝要容差0.001K上一步川下一步 INew Topology醐溶稱此竝要容差0.001K上一步川下一步 I取消 Th屯is

8、 bsd on th屯 XY tolerance of the feature. Youst th屯 cluster tolerance smaller than theXYcjLUSxe* uvu.which all vertices31 boundariesconsidered identical or coincident.Verticesendpoints falling within the cluster tolerance aresnapped together.圖6-2口1點擊下一步，即可勾選需要建立拓撲關(guān)系的要素層；如圖6-3；圖6-3IV.接下來點擊下一步，在設(shè)定登記時我們

9、保持默認的等級，Raiik:5點擊下 一步即可；進入添加rule界面；如圖6-4：圖6-4V:點擊Add Rule之后，進入選擇拓撲規(guī)則界面，此處可以選擇需要建立拓 撲的要素層、拓撲關(guān)系等,如下圖65;Add RuleAdd Rule圖6-5關(guān)于拓撲關(guān)系有以下一些，可作參考（主要是多邊形拓撲，點線拓撲暫未列入）:must not overlay:單要素類，多邊形要素相互不能重疊；must not have gaps:單要素類，連續(xù)連接多邊形區(qū)域中間不能冇空白區(qū)；must be covered by:多邊形+多邊形，第一個多邊形層必須把第二個完全 覆蓋（如:全國與省的關(guān)系）：must be co

10、vered by feature class of:多邊形+多邊形，第一個多邊形層被 第二個完全覆蓋；e must not overlay with:多邊形+多邊形，兩個多邊形層的多邊形不能存在 一對相互覆蓋的要素；must cover each other:多邊形+多邊形，兩個多邊形的要素必須完全重 疊；area boundary must be covered by boundary of:多邊形 + 多邊形，第一個 多邊形的各要素必須為第二個的一個或多個多邊形完全覆蓋；VI.在選擇Rule之后，點擊下一步，直到出現(xiàn)Fmish結(jié)束；在Aic Catalog中 出現(xiàn)建立好的拓撲關(guān)系；如圖7所

11、示：Cfiitents Previ ew Description15eizDesktopderdb15eizDesktopderdbI3aleiSJaaa 冋 linepointp olyg en_poi nt 畫 tom：KI ternp3opologyCiJto point iSJtopointlointolyg endpoint?mp圖7VII.通過Ai-cMap加載上面建立好的拓撲關(guān)系層，即可通過建立的拓撲規(guī)則 找出重復(fù)；通過位置選擇進行査找重復(fù)、覆蓋數(shù)據(jù)打開ArcMap,加載需要查找是否有重復(fù)、壓蓋地塊的兩個圖層，可以適當(dāng)?shù)恼{(diào)整一下要素的符號；在 AicMap 菜單欄中找到 Sele

12、ction-Select by location 選項；點擊 Select by location,彈出下面窗I,如圖7-1所示：Select By LocationSelect features from onw or more target layers based on their location Select features from onw or more target layers based on their location in relation to the features in the source layer.SQatial selection method fo

13、r target layer featurefs）： intersect the source layer featureH a search istance位蠱選擇需要設(shè)定的規(guī)則17000.000000MetersAbout s亡I亡About s亡I亡c:t by looationOKI ApplyClose圖7-1此處，原要素層和目標(biāo)層選擇同一數(shù)據(jù)層，在Spatial selection method for target layer feature（s）卜拉列表中選擇 Aie identical to the source layer feaaue 點擊 Apply 選項即門J查查找

14、出同一數(shù)據(jù)層中的重復(fù)數(shù)據(jù)，重復(fù)數(shù)據(jù)以選中狀態(tài)顯示。（下面兩個圖層進行查找重復(fù)針對 此種方法有詳細說明）。不同數(shù)據(jù)層（要素層）中査找重復(fù)數(shù)據(jù)1通過拓撲査找重復(fù)此處不再做詳細介紹，步驟方法和上面同一數(shù)據(jù)層方法一樣，只用更改Rule即可; 針對多邊形建立拓撲的幾種關(guān)系本文檔前面已經(jīng)介紹，此處略過：2.通過空間位置進行査找重復(fù)、圖形覆蓋數(shù)據(jù)打開ArcMap,加載需要查找是否有重復(fù)、壓蓋地塊的兩個圖層，可以適當(dāng)?shù)恼{(diào)整 一下要素的符號；在ArcMap菜單欄中找到Selection-Select by location選項：如圖8所示:呈 呈 Select By Attributes 吐 Select By

15、 Lccation Select By GraphicsFile Edit View Bookmarks Insert f門色o豈殳巾唱x丨c | 針0北X 週氐 Table Of Contents4 X晝2羈丨固S 自 Layers0 0測沆1口 IS 0測試2E3Sdecti on Geoprocessi ngCustomize W口 E邑與 Zoom To Selected Features禪 Pan To Selected FeaturesX Statistics.岡 Clear Selected FeaturesIn teractive Seleaio n Method Select

16、!on Options.點擊Select by location,彈出卜面窗I I,如圖9 ：Select By LocationSelect features from one or more target layers based on their location in relation to the features in the source layer Select on method: select features fromSpatial select on method for target layer feature (s): intersect the source la

17、yer featureS Apply a search distance位置選擇需要設(shè)定的規(guī)則17000.000000 MetersAbout select by locationOK 4陰 I Qose 在如圖9中所示，Selection method卜拉列表有以卜四個選項：select feature from從目標(biāo)要素層中選擇要素（系統(tǒng)默認選項）add to the cunently selected features in添加到當(dāng)前選擇的要素層remove fiom the cunently selected featuies in 從當(dāng)前選擇的要素層中刪除 select fiom t

18、he cunently selected featuies in 從當(dāng)前選擇的要素層中選擇在 Spatial selection method for target layer feaaire（s）卜拉列表中有以卜幾個較為常見 的方法：Intersect the source layer feature要素層與目標(biāo)要素層中冇相交覆蓋的圖形Are within a distance of the source layer feature在目標(biāo)要素層中一定范闈內(nèi)（需設(shè)定 范圍）Contain the source layer featuie包含有目標(biāo)要素層中要素Competely contain

19、tlie source layer feature 包含目標(biāo)要素層中所有要素Are within the source layer feature包含于目標(biāo)要素層中Are competely withm the source layer feature 完全包含于目標(biāo)要素層中Are identical to the source layer feature兩個圖層中含有完全相同要素 選擇適當(dāng)?shù)陌凑瘴恢眠M行查找的方法，即可快速的得出相應(yīng)的結(jié)論。下面以查找 出兩個要素層中含有完全相同數(shù)據(jù)為例。我們選擇Aie identical to the source layer feature的方法：如圖10

20、所示：Select features from one or more target layers based on their location in relation to the features in the source layer.Selection method: heledt features fromTarget la yer (s):0 1測試2M Only show selectable layers in this listSource layer:陽測試2 Use selected features(0 features selected)Spatial selection method for target layer feature(s); are identical to the source layer featureApply a search distance70