高中英語 51 Great Scientists復(fù)習(xí)課件 新人教必修5

1、2021/8/11 星期三12021/8/11 星期三22021/8/11 星期三3 (2009年四川卷)假設(shè)你是李華。你的外國筆友Jane打算于七月來中國，特來信了解中國人的社交習(xí)俗。請你用英語回一封信，從以下幾個方面作具體介紹。1.見面時的問候方式；2.對贊美的回答方式；3.接收禮物時的回應(yīng)方式；4.餐宴禮節(jié)。2021/8/11 星期三4注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右，信的開頭和結(jié)束語已為你寫好 (不計(jì)入總詞數(shù))；2.可根據(jù)內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，使行文連貫。Dear Jane，Glad to hear from you and youre welcome to China in July._20

2、21/8/11 星期三5I hope whats mentioned above might be helpful and wish you a good journey.Yours sincerely，Li Hua2021/8/11 星期三6Dear Jane，Glad to hear from you and youre welcome to China in July.The following are some Chinese customs.2021/8/11 星期三7Firstly，we greet each other by saying “Hello” or asking su

3、ch questions as “Where are you going？” or “Are you busy？” to express our care.Secondly，when praised，we reply with “Oh，no！” or “Im overpraised” to show good manners.Next，when receiving a gift，we usually say “Its unnecessary” besides “Thanks” to show politeness and then put it away.Finally，at dinner p

4、arties，we talk loudly and touch glasses when drinking to someones health or success to show that were warm.2021/8/11 星期三8Anyhow，different cultures，different customs.If you “Do as the Romans do when in Rome”，youll enjoy more of your stay here.I hope whats mentioned above might be helpful and wish you

5、 a good journey.Yours sincerely，Li Hua 2021/8/11 星期三92021/8/11 星期三10.重要單詞聚焦1adj.科學(xué)的2 vt.& vi. 結(jié)束；推斷出3 n. 結(jié)束；結(jié)論4 vt. 分析5 vt. 打?。粦?zhàn)勝；使受挫 n. 失敗scientificconcludeconclusionanalysedefeat2021/8/11 星期三116 adj. 熟練的；經(jīng)驗(yàn)或知識豐富的n. 專家；行家7 vt. 照顧；護(hù)理；出席；參加8n. 醫(yī)生；內(nèi)科醫(yī)師9 vt. 暴露；揭露；使曝光10n. 治愈；痊愈11 n. & vt. 挑戰(zhàn)，向挑戰(zhàn)12 vt.

6、吸收；吸引；使專心13 vt. 懷疑n. 被懷疑者expertattendphysicianexposecurechallengeabsorbsuspect2021/8/11 星期三1214 vt. 預(yù)見；預(yù)知15 vt. 責(zé)備；譴責(zé)n. 過失；責(zé)備16 vt. 污染；弄臟17 n. 柄；把手 vt. 處理；操縱18 vt.& n. 連接；聯(lián)系19 vt. 宣布；通告20vt. 命令；指示；教導(dǎo)21n. 建設(shè)；建筑物foreseeblamepollutehandlelinkannounceinstructconstruction2021/8/11 星期三1322 vt.& vi. 捐獻(xiàn)；貢獻(xiàn)；

7、捐助23 adj. 積極的；肯定的；確實(shí)的24 adj. 熱情的；熱心的25 adj. 小心的；謹(jǐn)慎的26 vt. 拒絕，不接受；拋棄contributepositiveenthusiasticcautiousreject2021/8/11 星期三14.重點(diǎn)短語掃描1put 提出2.to 使顯露；暴露3apart 除之外；此外4make 講得通；有意義5draw a 得出結(jié)論6link. 將和聯(lián)系或連接起來7be with. 對嚴(yán)格的8make for 為騰地方9be to 應(yīng)受譴責(zé)，應(yīng)負(fù)責(zé)任forwardexposefromsenseconclusiontostrictroomblame20

8、21/8/11 星期三1510be 違背，反對11point of 態(tài)度，觀點(diǎn)，看法12slow 減速13lead 通向，導(dǎo)致14look 調(diào)查againstviewdowntointo2021/8/11 星期三16.課文原句突破1Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.信息提取neither.nor.既不，也不，連接句中兩個相同成分。例句仿寫我既不想知道，也不關(guān)心。Neither do I want to know it，_ _ _ _ _ _.【答案】nor do I care about it2021/8/11 星期三172So man

9、y thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.信息提取every (each，any，next，first，last)time作連詞使用，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。例句仿寫杰克每次來城里都會來看望我。Jack _ _ _ _ _ _ _he comes to town.【答案】will drop in on me every time2021/8/11 星期三183The first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air.信息提取suggest vt.暗示，

10、表明了。例句仿寫他臉上的表情說明他非常高興。The look on his face _ _ _ _.【答案】suggested that he was happy2021/8/11 星期三194Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.信息提取only介詞短語/狀語從句/副詞放在句首時后面 (主)句用倒裝語序。例句仿寫我只有找到工作才能弄到足夠的錢繼續(xù)大學(xué)的學(xué)業(yè)。_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _to continue my studies at

11、 college.【答案】Only if I get a job can I have enough money2021/8/11 星期三20conclude vt.& vi.(1)斷定，推斷2021/8/11 星期三21These are facts；what do you conclude from them?這些都是事實(shí)，你能從中得出什么結(jié)論？After waiting for half an hour，I concluded that he wouldnt come at all.等了半個小時后，我斷定他不會來了。2021/8/11 星期三22 (2)使結(jié)束，終止Let me conc

12、lude my speech with a saying：Where there is a will，there is a way.讓我用一句諺語結(jié)束我的演講：有志者，事竟成。 2021/8/11 星期三23conclusion n結(jié)束，結(jié)論in conclusion最后，總之a(chǎn)rrive at/come to/draw/reach a conclusion得出結(jié)論come to the conclusion that.所得結(jié)論是I came to the conclusion that he was lying.我看他是在說謊。2021/8/11 星期三241Ann seems to be

13、upset.Whats up?She_from the voice on the line that her mother is not satisfied with her test scores.AincludesBconcludesCsuggests Dcontains【解析】下句意為：她根據(jù)電話中的聲音判定母親對她的考試成績不滿意?！敬鸢浮緽2021/8/11 星期三25defeat(1)vt.打??；戰(zhàn)勝；使受挫Zhang Yining defeated Li Jiawei with difficulty in the 29th Olympics.張怡寧在第29屆奧運(yùn)會上艱難地戰(zhàn)勝了李

14、佳薇。The problem has defeated me and I cant solve it.這個問題把我難住了，我無法解決它。Lack of money defeated my plan.缺錢使我的計(jì)劃落空。2021/8/11 星期三26 (2)n.失敗，擊敗，挫折Our baseball team has suffered another defeat.我們的棒球隊(duì)再次失敗。2021/8/11 星期三27辨析：win，beat與defeat (1)win的意思是“贏”“獲勝”“得到成功”，在作為及物動詞時，它的賓語往往是獎品、獎學(xué)金、名譽(yù)、財(cái)產(chǎn)、戰(zhàn)爭或運(yùn)動等。win后不能接人 (對

15、手)，如不說win sb.。win the race/the battle/the war/a prize/the game/a medal/success/friendship/reward贏得了比賽/戰(zhàn)斗/戰(zhàn)爭/獎品/比賽/獎牌/成功/友誼/獎賞Our team won the game by 8 to 7.我們隊(duì)以8比7贏了那場比賽。2021/8/11 星期三28 (2)beat譯成漢語也有“贏”“取勝”“戰(zhàn)勝”之意。但跟win的用法不同，這個動詞后面跟的是比賽、競爭中的對手或戰(zhàn)爭中的敵人。但beat還有連續(xù)敲打， (心臟)跳動之意。You beat me in the race，but

16、 Ill beat you at tennis.賽跑我輸給了你，但打網(wǎng)球我會贏你。He was so nervous that he could feel his heart beating faster.他如此緊張，以至于能感到自己的心跳加快了。 2021/8/11 星期三29(3)defeat本來用于描述戰(zhàn)爭中打敗敵人，現(xiàn)在可與beat換用，以表示擊敗對手。He was badly defeated/beaten in the election.他在選舉中慘敗。2021/8/11 星期三302Deng Yaping_her competitor and got the first plac

17、e in the game.Awon BdefeatCbeat Dhit【解析】“擊敗對手”可用beat或defeat，但由got可知，空白處應(yīng)用過去時，若選B，則應(yīng)為defeated?！敬鸢浮緾2021/8/11 星期三31expose vt.暴露，揭露，使曝光，使面臨expose sth./sb./oneself (to)顯露或暴露某事物/某人/某人自己Dont expose your baby to the sun.不要把你的嬰兒暴露在陽光下。The film has been exposed.這膠卷已經(jīng)曝光了。We want to expose the kids to as much

18、art and culture as possible.我們想讓孩子們受到盡可能多的藝術(shù)和文化的熏陶。2021/8/11 星期三32Dont expose yourself to the sun for too long.You will get burnt.別在太陽下曬得太久，你會被曬傷的。2021/8/11 星期三332021/8/11 星期三343_the sun for too much time will do great harm to your skin.AExposed to BBeing exposed toCExposing to DTo expose to【解析】該句意為

19、：“在陽光下暴曬很長時間有害于皮膚?！贝祟}考查分詞短語作主語?！敬鸢浮緽2021/8/11 星期三35blame (1)vt.責(zé)備；譴責(zé)；把歸咎于2021/8/11 星期三36She blamed him for the failure of their marriage.她把婚姻的觸礁歸咎于他。The police blamed the traffic accident on Jacks careless driving.警察把那起交通事故歸咎于杰克的粗心駕駛。Who is to blame for the accident?誰該為這次事故負(fù)責(zé)任。The driver was not to

20、blame for the traffic accident.這位司機(jī)不應(yīng)承擔(dān)交通事故。2021/8/11 星期三37(2)n.責(zé)備，責(zé)難You must bear the blame for the accident.你必須承擔(dān)這次事故的責(zé)任。2021/8/11 星期三384. (2006年安徽卷)Mr Green stood up in defence of the 16yearold boy，saying that he was not the one _.Ablamed BblamingCto blame Dto be blamed【解析】he was not the one to b

21、lame意為“他不是那個應(yīng)該受責(zé)備的人”?！敬鸢浮緾2021/8/11 星期三395(2006年福建卷)_for the breakdown of the school computer network，Alice was in low spirits.ABlaming BBlamedCTo blame DTo be blamed【解析】本題考查非謂語動詞的用法。句意為：Alice因?yàn)殡娔X網(wǎng)絡(luò)故障被責(zé)備，情緒很低落。非謂語形式用做原因狀語，主語是這個動作的承受者，故用過去分詞blame。D項(xiàng)to be blamed有將要的意味?！敬鸢浮緽2021/8/11 星期三406Dont always_

22、your own failure_others.Sometimes you yourself_.Ablame；on；are to be blamedBblame；for；are to blameCblame；on；are to blameDblame；for；are to be blamed【解析】句意為：不要總把失敗歸咎于他人。有時該責(zé)怪你自己。blame sth.on sb.把歸咎于某人；be to blame該受責(zé)備，要用主動式表被動意義?！敬鸢浮緾2021/8/11 星期三417Shell_the blame_us if it turns out badly.Alay；for Bput

23、；onCbear；for Dget；on【解析】bear the blame for對負(fù)責(zé)?！敬鸢浮緾2021/8/11 星期三42 absorb vt.吸收；吸引；使專心；并入，并吞2021/8/11 星期三43I was so absorbed in this book that I didnt hear you come in.我正入神地看這本書，連你進(jìn)來也沒聽見。Absorbed in his work，Tom simply forgot food and sleep.湯姆專心于工作，幾乎忘記了吃飯和睡覺。The big company has gradually absorbed t

24、hese small companies into its own organization.這家大公司漸漸把這些小公司吞并了。2021/8/11 星期三448_in her new novel，the young writer kept thinking and writing for a dozen hours in her study.AHaving deeply absorbedBDeeply absorbingCDeeply having been absorbedDDeeply absorbed【解析】本題考查非謂語動詞的用法。短語be absorbed in的意思為“專心于”?！?/p>

25、答案】D2021/8/11 星期三459It is very quiet in the classroom.The students are all _reading books.Aabsorbed Babsorbed inCabsorbing in Dabsorb【解析】本題意為：教室里很安靜，學(xué)生們在全心全意讀書。be absorbed in doing sth.專心做某事。【答案】B2021/8/11 星期三4610So absorbed in the detective story_that he didnt notice his father speaking to him.Ahe

26、was Bwas heCdid he Dhe did【解析】首先根據(jù)詞語用法be absorbed in判斷，排除C、D兩個選項(xiàng)，再根據(jù)so在倒裝句中的用法選擇B項(xiàng)?！敬鸢浮緽2021/8/11 星期三47contribute vt.& vi.捐款；貢獻(xiàn)；捐助2021/8/11 星期三48All the people in our school contributed something to the disaster areas in Sichuan.我們學(xué)校所有的人都向四川災(zāi)區(qū)捐獻(xiàn)了東西。He contributed some articles to the newspaper.他給報(bào)社投

27、了幾篇稿。A proper amount of exercise contributes to good health.適度運(yùn)動有益于健康。2021/8/11 星期三49make great contributions to 對有貢獻(xiàn)He has made great contributions to a space development program.他對太空發(fā)展計(jì)劃有很大貢獻(xiàn)。2021/8/11 星期三502021/8/11 星期三51Many people contributed money to the poor boy，which contributed to his retur

28、ning to school.A writer wrote a story about it and contributed it to a newspaper.許多人給這個可憐的小男孩捐錢，這使他重新回到了校園。一位作家寫了一篇關(guān)于此事的文章并把它投到了報(bào)社。2021/8/11 星期三5211To be honest，my carelessness_a lot to my failure.Acontributed BdonatedCprovided Doffered【解析】句意為：說實(shí)話，我的失敗主要是因?yàn)槲业拇中拇笠?。contribute to導(dǎo)致。donate捐獻(xiàn)；provide提供；o

29、ffer(主動)提供?！敬鸢浮緼2021/8/11 星期三53attend vt.& vi.(1)出席，參加attend a meeting/a lecture/school參加會議/聽報(bào)告/上學(xué)The manager failed to attend the meeting because of on business.經(jīng)理因出差未能出席這次會議。 (2)照顧，護(hù)理attend on/upon sb.伺候某人；照顧某人Jane has attended on her sick mother of years. 簡多年來一直照顧她有病的母親。2021/8/11 星期三54 (3)attend

30、to 處理，注意，專心于，照料Excuse me，but I have an urgent matter to attend to.對不起，我有件急事要辦。You must attend to your work.你必須專心于你的工作。2021/8/11 星期三5512I always have so many things to_when I come back to the company after a trip abroad.Aadd toBcontribute toCattend to Dappeal to【解析】句意為：當(dāng)我每次出國回到公司時，我總有很多事要處理。attend to

31、處理。A項(xiàng)，“增加”；B項(xiàng)，“起作用，導(dǎo)致”；D項(xiàng)，“懇求，請求；吸引”，這三項(xiàng)都不符合句意?！敬鸢浮緾2021/8/11 星期三5613The Browns sent lots of invitations for their party.But because of the improper time，few people_it.Aattended BacceptedCreceived Dtook part in【解析】橫線后面的it起著關(guān)鍵性的作用，它代替的應(yīng)該是party，而不能是復(fù)數(shù)名詞invitations，所以使用attend，表示“參加宴會”?！敬鸢浮緼2021/8/11 星期

32、三57put forward提出，建議；推薦；將提前She put forward some good proposals for educational reform.她為教育改革提出了一些很好的建議。Her name was put forward as the best for the job.她被推薦為這項(xiàng)工作的最佳人選。Put the clock forward by 5 minutes.把表撥快5分鐘。 2021/8/11 星期三58(1)come up with 提出，想出He came up with a good idea at the meeting.在會議上他提出一個好主

33、意。 (2)come up被提出The question came up at the meeting.那個問題在會議上被提出。2021/8/11 星期三5914No one has_anything better than the plan now under consideration.Aput forward Bcome upCput toward Dcome up to【解析】本題考查動詞詞組辨析。put forward a plan意為“提出計(jì)劃”。come up with可表示“提出”，故可排除B、D項(xiàng)?！敬鸢浮緼2021/8/11 星期三6015Considering your

34、salary，you should be able to_at least twenty dollars a week.Aput forward Bput upCput out Dput aside【解析】句意為“就你的工資而言，每周你應(yīng)至少存20美元”。put forward提出；put up張貼；put out撲滅；put aside儲存?！敬鸢浮緿2021/8/11 星期三61Neither its cause，nor its cure was understood.人們既不知道其起因，又不知道它的治療方法。neither.nor.既不，也不，連接句中兩個相同成分。Neither my

35、father nor I was there.我父親和我都不在那里。He neither drinks，smokes，nor eats meat.他不喝酒、不抽煙，也不吃肉。Neither do I want to know it，nor do I care about it.我既不想知道，也不關(guān)心。2021/8/11 星期三6216(2008年遼寧卷)Bill wasnt happy about the delay of the report by Jason，and_.AI was neither Bneither was ICI was either Deither was I【解析】句

36、意為：比爾對Jason做報(bào)告推遲這件事表示不高興，我也不高興。根據(jù)題意可知，我也不 (高興)，neither/nor系動詞/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞sb.表示某人也不 (同意或贊成上文的觀點(diǎn))，易把either看做neither，無either was I句式，故選B?！敬鸢浮緽2021/8/11 星期三6317(2007年全國卷)If Joes wife wont go to the party，_.Ahe will either Bneither will heChe neither will Deither he will【解析】考查固定句型。句意為：如果Joe的妻子不參加晚會，他也不參加?！皀

37、either系動詞/情態(tài)動詞/助動詞主語”表示“某人/物也不”。either置于句末，也可表示“也”的意思，但它須與否定句連用?！敬鸢浮緽2021/8/11 星期三6418(2007年遼寧卷)I have been living in the United States for twenty years，but seldom_so lonely as now.Ahave I felt BI had feltCI have felt Dhad I felt【解析】本題考查時態(tài)和倒裝的用法。否定副詞seldom提前引導(dǎo)句子的倒裝?！敬鸢浮緼2021/8/11 星期三6519(2007年上海卷)Ho

38、w was the televised debate last night?Super！Rarely_so much media attention.Aa debate attracted Bdid a debate attractCa debate attract Dattracted a debate【解析】rarely，seldom，never等否定副詞位于句首時用部分倒裝，即把助動詞提前?！敬鸢浮緽2021/8/11 星期三66So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.每次爆發(fā)

39、霍亂時，都有大批驚恐的老百姓病死。2021/8/11 星期三67（1）every time引導(dǎo)一個時間狀語從句，相當(dāng)于whenever,意思是“每當(dāng)”。 （2）名詞詞組作連詞用，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句的有：every time,each time,any time,the last time,next time,the first time,the moment,the second,the minute,the hour,the day等。 （3）有些副詞,如directly,instantly,immediately也可引導(dǎo)狀語從句。2021/8/11 星期三68Every time I cat

40、ch a cold，I have pains in my back.我每次感冒背就痛。The first time I climbed onto the wall，I felt very nervous.我第一次爬到墻上去時，感到很緊張。She let out a cry the moment she saw the snake.她一看到蛇就叫了起來。I left immediately the clock struck 5.鐘剛敲了五下我就離開了。2021/8/11 星期三69 (1)for the first time是介詞短語，只可作時間狀語，而the first time是連詞，引導(dǎo)時

41、間狀語從句。 (2)It is the first time that.如果前面用is，從句動詞用現(xiàn)在完成時；如果用was，則用過去完成時。 (3)Its high/about time that.從句動詞用過去時或should動詞原形。It is the first time that I have been to Beijing.這是我第一次去北京。It is high time that we left for Beijing.該到我們出發(fā)去北京的時間了。2021/8/11 星期三7020(2009年遼寧卷)Its the first time that he has been to A

42、ustralia，_？Aisnt he Bhasnt heCisnt it Dhasnt it【解析】句意為：這是他第一次到澳大利亞，不是嗎？Its the first time that.是固定句型，反意疑問句的構(gòu)成需依據(jù)主句的主語和謂語而定?！敬鸢浮緾2021/8/11 星期三7121(2009年陜西卷)This is the first time we_a film in the cinema together as a family.Asee Bhad seenCsaw Dhave seen【解析】句意為：這是我們?nèi)业谝淮蔚诫娪霸嚎措娪??！癟his/It is the序數(shù)詞time

43、that 從句”為固定句型，that從句需用現(xiàn)在完成時?！敬鸢浮緿2021/8/11 星期三7222Dont stop_you meet with a word you dont understand.Aat the time Beach timeCby the time Dsometimes【解析】考查名詞性詞組用做連詞引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。句意為：不要每次遇到不理解的詞就停下來。有類似用法的還有：next time(下次)，last time(上次)，the moment(一就)等。而A、D兩項(xiàng)不能連接句子，C項(xiàng)意義不對?！敬鸢浮緽2021/8/11 星期三7323(2009年云南玉溪模擬)_

44、you talk to someone or write a message，you show your skills to others.AAt times BSome timeCEvery time DThe time【解析】句意為：每次你與別人交談或?qū)懶畔?，你都向別人展示你的技能。every time是名詞詞組用做連詞，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句?！敬鸢浮緾2021/8/11 星期三74.單詞拼寫1We had _(分析) the problem carefully before making the decision.【答案】analysed2The police suspect that th

45、e two crimes may be_(聯(lián)系)【答案】linked2021/8/11 星期三753He_(結(jié)束) by wishing everyone a safe trip home.【答案】concluded4He was brave enough to_(揭露) this terrible criminal.【答案】expose5The government has_(宣布) plans to create 10,000 new jobs.【答案】announced2021/8/11 星期三76.選詞填空in addition;put forward;be very strict w

46、ith;apart from;make sense1Why did you_such a view at yesterdays meeting?【答案】put forward2_the injuries to his face and hands，he broke both legs.【答案】Apart from2021/8/11 星期三773The sentence at the end of the passage doesnt _，so it is better to cut it out.【答案】make sense4I have no time to go to the movies

47、.And_，I am not interested in the film.【答案】in addition5She_us，and we know it is of great help to us.【答案】is very strict with2021/8/11 星期三78.巧思妙解1Every one of us must know：_we live can we save the earth.Aby changing the way onlyBonly by changing the wayCby only changing the wayDby changing only the way

48、【解析】空格后為倒裝語序，判定選項(xiàng)應(yīng)為only介詞短語。【答案】B2021/8/11 星期三792_by keeping down costs will PowerData hold its advantage over other companies.AOnlyBJustCStill DYet【解析】only介詞短語結(jié)構(gòu)?！敬鸢浮緼2021/8/11 星期三803Only then_how much damage had been caused.Ashe realized Bshe had realizedChad she realized Ddid she realize【解析】only狀語從句放于句首，主句用倒裝語序?！敬鸢浮緿2021/8/11 星期三814Only after my friend came_.Adid the computer repairBhe repaired the computerCwas the