美國(guó)文學(xué) Henry James 人物課件

1、Henry James 1843-1916LifeLiteral CareerThree StagesThemesAchievementsCommentsLifeBorn:15 April 1843 New York City, United States Died:28 February 1916 (aged 72) London , England Occupation: Writer Citizenship: American:1843-1915 British :1915-1916Nationality: native-born American ; acquired British

2、citizenship in July 1915Lamb House in Rye, East Sussex, where James lived from 1897Father-Henry James, Sr. (eminent scholar)Relatives:Henry James Sr. (June 3, 1811, Albany, New York December 18, 1882, Boston, Massachusetts) was an American theologian（神學(xué)者） and adherent of Swedenborgianism（斯維登堡教義的信徒）.

3、Brother-William James William James (1842 1910) was an American philosopher and psychologist who was also trained as a physician. The first educator to offer a psychology course in the United States, James was one of the leading thinkers of the late nineteenth century and is believed by many to be o

4、ne of the most influential philosophers the United States has ever produced, while others have labelled him the Father of American psychology. Sister-Alice JamesAlice James (August 7, 1848 March 6, 1892) was an American diarist. The only daughter of Henry James, Sr. She is known mainly for the posth

5、umously（死后） published diary that she kept in her final years.Literal Career He began his writing career in 1864. In 1864, James wrote an appreciation of Sir Walter Scotts novels, written for theNorth American Review. About a year later,A Tragedy of Error, his first short story, was published. In lat

6、er ten years, he travelled around the Europe ,pursued his interest in literature and associated with authors and critics. Transatlantic Sketches (1875)The American (1877) Daisy Miller (1878)The Europeans (1878）The Portrait of a Lady (1881)Washington Square (1881) A Litter Tour in France (1884) The A

7、rt of Fiction The Bostonians (1886)the women movementThe Princess Casamassima (1886)The Aspern Papers (1888)The Tragic Muse (1890)The Spoils of Poynton (1897)The Turn of a Screw (1898)In the second period, James experimented with different themes and forms in his middle period.International ThemesTh

8、e meeting America and Europe, American innocence in contact and contrast with European decadence（衰落）, and its moral and psychological complications（復(fù)雜）American innocence in face of European sophistication(復(fù)雜，老于世故)Achievements One of the three staunch（堅(jiān)定的） advocates of 19th century American realism（現(xiàn)

9、實(shí)主義）， the other two being Howells and Mark Twain. The founder of psychological realism. At the age of 25, he was recognized as the best short story writer in American. The forerunner（先驅(qū)） of stream of consciousness novel. James first achieved recognition as a writer of the “ international novel” Jame

10、s wrote 20 novels, 112 stories, 12 plays and a number of works of literary criticism.Steam of consciousnessIn literary criticism, stream of consciousness is a narrative mode that seeks to portray(描繪) an individuals point of view by giving the written equivalent of the characters thought processes, e

11、ither in connection to his or her actions. The introduction of the term to describe literature-transferred from psychology - is attribute（歸屬） to May Sinclair, and is mostly a dead metaphor Steam-of-consciousness writing is usually regarded as a special form of interior(本質(zhì)) monologue and is characterized by associative leaps(跳躍) in syntax （排列順序）and punctuation（標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)） that can make the prose（散文） difficult to trace （追溯） a characters fragmentary（斷斷續(xù)續(xù)的） thoughts and sensory（傳遞感覺(jué)的） feelings. Stream of consciousness and interior monolog