中英城市論壇下河北大學(xué)博物館陪同口譯實(shí)踐報(bào)告

1、中英城市論壇下河北大學(xué)博物館陪同口譯實(shí)踐報(bào)告摘 要2018年3月25日，由河北大學(xué)承辦的“2018中英城市論壇”在我校召開(kāi)，旨在分享交流雄安新區(qū)規(guī)劃建設(shè)相關(guān)經(jīng)驗(yàn)。交流期間，相關(guān)專家對(duì)我校博物館進(jìn)行參觀。全程由本人為參觀者們提供陪同口譯服務(wù)。本次口譯實(shí)踐項(xiàng)目約為1小時(shí)，以中譯英為主，其間少量英譯中。本次口譯實(shí)踐報(bào)告由五部分構(gòu)成即任務(wù)描述、過(guò)程描述、譯前準(zhǔn)備、案例分析和實(shí)踐總結(jié)。在“任務(wù)描述”和“過(guò)程描述”中，本次報(bào)告描述了此次口譯實(shí)踐的具體流程。在“譯前準(zhǔn)備”中，介紹了在譯前如何準(zhǔn)備相關(guān)平行文本，查找相關(guān)專業(yè)詞匯等過(guò)程。在“案例分析”中，本次報(bào)告針對(duì)在口譯過(guò)程中遇到的實(shí)際問(wèn)題采取的翻譯策略和遇到

2、的問(wèn)題進(jìn)行分析。最后，在“實(shí)踐總結(jié)”中，本次報(bào)告根據(jù)譯后對(duì)陪同口譯過(guò)程的錄音進(jìn)行分析和歸納，總結(jié)出實(shí)踐過(guò)程中的經(jīng)驗(yàn)與教訓(xùn)。本次實(shí)踐報(bào)告的意義主要有三個(gè)方面：第一，本報(bào)告是基于真實(shí)有效的口譯實(shí)踐活動(dòng)，具有較強(qiáng)的實(shí)踐性和操作性。描述了真實(shí)場(chǎng)景下博物館陪同口譯中出現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題和困難，并針對(duì)這些問(wèn)題進(jìn)行分析和研究。第二，本次口譯活動(dòng)從內(nèi)容上來(lái)說(shuō)屬于博物館陪同口譯，因此本報(bào)告充分討論了如何利用目的論來(lái)指導(dǎo)本次口譯譯前準(zhǔn)備中的博物館陪同口譯文本。第三，由于本次口譯實(shí)踐活動(dòng)是在雄安新區(qū)中英城市發(fā)展論壇的背景下進(jìn)行的，向外賓們介紹了我校的人文學(xué)術(shù)水平，對(duì)于中外校際間交流聯(lián)系與發(fā)展有著重要意義。筆者通過(guò)譯后整理錄音

3、文稿對(duì)本次口譯實(shí)踐活動(dòng)進(jìn)行分析研究，歸納總結(jié)本項(xiàng)目口譯特點(diǎn)與技巧，為此后相關(guān)口譯工作提供參考。關(guān)鍵詞：陪同口譯 河北大學(xué)博物館 目的論 翻譯策略AbstractOn March 25, 2018, the 2018 China-UK City Forum hosted by Hebei University was held in our school to share and exchange experience in planning and construction of the Xiongan New District. During the exchange, relevant e

4、xperts visited our museum. I am accompanying interpreters for the whole process.This interpreting practice project is about one hour, mainly Chinese to English, with a small amount of English translation.This interpretation practice report consists of five parts: task description, process descriptio

5、n, pre-translation preparation, case analysis and practice summary. In the “Task Description” and “Process Description”, this report describes the specific process of this interpretation practice. In Pre-translation preparation, it introduces how to prepare relevant parallel texts before searching,

6、and find related professional vocabulary. In the “Case Analysis”, this report analyzes the translation strategies and problems encountered in the actual problems encountered during the interpretation process. Finally, in the “Practical Summary”, this report analyzes and summarizes the recordings of

7、the accompanying interpreting process after translation, and summarizes the experiences and lessons in the practice process.The significance of this practical report has three main aspects: First, this report is based on real and effective interpretation practice activities, with strong practicality

8、 and operability. It describes the problems and difficulties in the accompanying interpretation of museums in real scenes, and analyzes and studies these problems.Secondly, this interpreting activity is content accompanying the interpretation of the museum. Therefore, this report fully discusses how

9、 to use the teleology to guide the translation of the museum accompanying the interpreting preparation.Thirdly, since this interpreting practice was carried out in the context of the Sino-British Urban Development Forum in Xiongan New District, the introduction of the humanities academic level of ou

10、r school to the guests was of great significance for the exchange and development of inter-school exchanges between China and foreign countries.The author analyzes and studies the interpreting practice activities through post-translation and compilation of the recordings, sums up the characteristics

11、 and skills of the interpreting of the project, and provides reference for related interpreting work.Keywords：accompanying interpretation Hebei University Museum Skopos theory translation strategyContentsTOC o 1-3 h u HYPERLINK l _Toc31843 摘 要 PAGEREF _Toc31843 II HYPERLINK l _Toc4855 Abstract PAGER

12、EF _Toc4855 III HYPERLINK l _Toc13662 Chapter 1 Task Description PAGEREF _Toc13662 1 HYPERLINK l _Toc3800 1.1 Task source PAGEREF _Toc3800 1 HYPERLINK l _Toc2234 1.2 Task contents PAGEREF _Toc2234 1 HYPERLINK l _Toc9750 1.3 The purpose and significance of the project PAGEREF _Toc9750 1 HYPERLINK l _

13、Toc4902 Chapter 2 Process Description PAGEREF _Toc4902 3 HYPERLINK l _Toc2554 2.1 Pre-task description PAGEREF _Toc2554 3 HYPERLINK l _Toc807 2.2 In-task description PAGEREF _Toc807 3 HYPERLINK l _Toc30611 2.3 After-task description PAGEREF _Toc30611 4 HYPERLINK l _Toc20390 Chapter 3 Preparation bef

14、ore Interpreting PAGEREF _Toc20390 5 HYPERLINK l _Toc26587 3.1 Theoretical preparation PAGEREF _Toc26587 5 HYPERLINK l _Toc15516 3.2 Practical preparation PAGEREF _Toc15516 6 HYPERLINK l _Toc10792 Chapter 4 Case Analysis PAGEREF _Toc10792 8 HYPERLINK l _Toc4679 4.1 Problems in the practice of interp

15、retation PAGEREF _Toc4679 8 HYPERLINK l _Toc11028 4.2 Strategies in interpreting practice PAGEREF _Toc11028 10 HYPERLINK l _Toc737 4.2.1 Addition strategy PAGEREF _Toc737 11 HYPERLINK l _Toc5072 4.2.2 Omission strategy PAGEREF _Toc5072 12 HYPERLINK l _Toc23341 4.2.3 Paraphrasing strategy PAGEREF _To

16、c23341 14 HYPERLINK l _Toc3335 4.2.4 Transliteration strategy PAGEREF _Toc3335 15 HYPERLINK l _Toc15451 Chapter 5 Conclusion PAGEREF _Toc15451 17 HYPERLINK l _Toc2474 5.1 Gains PAGEREF _Toc2474 17 HYPERLINK l _Toc21004 5.2 Losses PAGEREF _Toc21004 18 HYPERLINK l _Toc24935 Bibliography PAGEREF _Toc24

17、935 20Chapter 1 Task DescriptionTask sourceOn March 25, 2018, the “2018 China-UK City Forum” hosted by Hebei University was held in our school to share and exchange experience in planning and construction of the Xiongan New District. During the exchange, relevant experts visited our museum. The teac

18、her at the International Office in our school contacted me to implement this project. This interpreting project is provided by him for interpreting services for experts and scholars., which is difficult and professional.Task contentsThe interpretation practice project lasted about 1 hour, mainly in

19、Chinese to English, with a small amount of English to Chinese interpretation. Based on the “2018 China-UK City Forum” , it helps the development of Xiongan New District, shares and exchanges advanced experience. This interpreting practice project is to accompany foreign experts to visit the biologic

20、al specimens in the museum, and to provide interpreting services for the explanations of the lecturers, so that foreign experts can better understand the biology academic achievements and humanistic qualities of Hebei University promoting the smooth progress of the forum, and devoting to the Xiongan

21、 New District.This interpreting practice project is completed by himself. Its content involves biological knowledge and many professional terms. It is highly professional and difficult.The purpose and significance of the projectThe theme of the forum was “Assisting Xiongan to Realize the Dream of a

22、World-Class Future City”. It was organized by the British Embassy in China and Hebei University to provide an ideal platform for the exchange of modern city concepts and advanced experiences between China and the UK. Further deepen cooperation between the two sides.The goal of this museum visit and

23、exchange activity is to enable the experts and scholars of all countries to deeply understand the academic level, humanistic quality and local history and culture of the school by visiting the museums biological achievements and academic research projects in the context of the forum. In-depth exchan

24、ges and sharing of academic views, providing a wide range of ideas for the discussion and interaction of “Building a Green Wisdom Future City” and “Sharing the Best Practices of Green Wisdom Infrastructure Construction Projects”, with a view to providing reference for the planning and construction o

25、f Xiongan New District experience.This interpretation practice is mainly guided by the German functionalism scholar Vermeers teleology, using the method of translation and translation to help interpreter practice. Interpreting the contents of the lecturer through on-site accompanying interpreting, a

26、nd interpret the interviews between the visitors and the interpreters.The author analyzes and studies the interpreting practice activities through post-translation and compilation of the recordings, sums up the characteristics and skills of the interpreting of the project, and provides reference for

27、 related interpreting work.Chapter 2 Process Description2.1 Pre-task descriptionWhen the author received the task of interpretation, he knew that the translation of the project was about the introduction of biological specimens and biological information in the exhibition area of the museum. It cove

28、rs the relevant background knowledge and terminology of biology majors. Professional very strong, difficulty is bigger. In the process of pre-translation preparation, the author searched a large number of biological translation literature in the field of biological science for translation, sorted ou

29、t and memorized relevant professional and background knowledge. This part is also a difficulty for terms and vocabulary. The author sorted out and reserved the words by looking up the professional dictionaries of biology and collecting the biological words on the Internet. At the same time, relevant

30、 parallel texts were searched to help practice, and relevant translation theories represented by Skopos theory were searched to guide this practice, and teachers and relevant staff were consulted in time to make full preparations for translation.2.2 In-task descriptionAfter finishing the relevant wo

31、rk before translation, the author rushed to the site of the activity in advance to contact with the relevant staff, to understand the site of the activity to the museum staff. In the field of translation, the author interprets the introduction described by the interpreter by using the professional k

32、nowledge, terminology and various translation skills reserved before translation. During the process, there will be professional contents. During the site, visitors can easily understand the biological scientific research achievements of our school through multiple inquiries and multi-angle explanat

33、ions. During the activity, many visitors would put forward their own opinions and questions. The author communicated with the interpreter about these questions to reply the visitors, so as to get effective communication and promote the smooth progress of the activity.2.3 After-task descriptionAfter

34、the accompanying interpretation, the author made the live recording into a script in time. Through recording the real situation of the scene, the author actively verifies the treatment of professional terms in the process of accompanying interpretation, and summarizes the appropriate and inappropria

35、te term translation. Moreover, the author reflects on the accompanying interpretation strategies used in the field of interpretation, so as to improve the accuracy of on-site accompanying interpretation and effectively convey professional contents. At last, the author communicated with the entrustin

36、g party, the on-site speaker and the staff of the practice, and gave feedback to the practice. The author sums up the relevant problems in this interpretation practice and has accumulated a lot of practical experience in relevant fields.Chapter 3 Preparation before InterpretingAs far as translation

37、types are concerned, this task is accompanied interpretation. Accompanying interpreters are required to have good bilingual conversion ability and be able to deal with the translations of exhibits in a vivid and flexible way according to the actual situation of the site. Interpreters are required to

38、 be able to resist pressure to a certain extent. As it is mainly for the translation of museum biological area, this translation task will involve a large number of biological and culture-related vocabulary. Some culture-loaded words may be difficult for foreigners to understand. Therefore, in prepa

39、ration for this task, I consulted many scientific books on biology, as well as translations of relevant and cultural information. I also asked the explainer of the museum of Hebei university for some terminology to ensure that my explanation was correct, concise and easy to understand. Generally spe

40、aking, the preparation of this task consists of two parts: theoretical preparation and practical preparation.3.1 Theoretical preparationTheory can guide practice and play an important role in the whole process of translation. It can improve translators control of time efficiency, cross-cultural comm

41、unication ability and translation quality. In order to successfully complete this task, his tutor, who has rich experience in this field, suggested him to take a look at Skopos theory, which would help him to convey the meaning of the exhibits to the audience. Thanks to his advice, he benefited a lo

42、t.In 1968, translation scholar otto kardt proposed that translation should be widely used as a general term, including written and oral translation. Christian Nord points out in her book German translation studies that translation is a purposeful activity.Influenced by her views on translation, the

43、author reconsidered the purpose of this task. The purpose of this mission is to allow the foreign visiting team to have a more comprehensive understanding of the biological exhibits in the museum of Hebei university, so as to achieve the goal of cultural exchange and communication. In order to achie

44、ve this goal, he choose informative text as the main type of translation, and take free translation as the main method, omitting some words that are specific to the text. Through free translation, he can better convey the meaning of culture-loaded words to visitors accurately. At the same time, the

45、theory inspired me to pay close attention to the interaction and contact with the audience in the process of translation, so as to carry out translation work more effectively.3.2 Practical preparationThe preparation of translation is very important in the process of translation, and the quality of t

46、he preparation directly affects the effect of the translation site. The preparation before translation is quite complicated, which requires a strict and meticulous prediction of the situation on the translation site. Look up professional vocabulary and other information that may be involved in the t

47、ranslation process in advance. This task is the accompanying interpreter in the biological area of the museum. After receiving the project, the author communicated with the museums interpreter before the translation. The guide provided me with the process of the visit, matters needing attention, the

48、 situation of the visitors and the general direction of the possible professional vocabulary, which provided the author with a framework help before the translation. In view of these situations, the author sorted out the overall process, listed the possible situations, and checked the relevant quest

49、ions of the accompanying interpretation in the museum. He also searched for official translations of biological terms, proper terms and culture-loaded words in advance. He browsed the English websites of national and local museums to look for official and similar translations and made a glossary. Th

50、e visiting experts mainly come from Britain, the United States, India, Pakistan, Bangladesh and other countries. Under the guidance of Skopos theory, I adopted the method of interpretation to make a vivid explanation of the exhibits. When encountering some problems which are not important and diffic

51、ult to understand at the moment, they should spare no effort in translating to make the interpreting process effective.Chapter 4 Case Analysis4.1 Problems in the practice of interpretationThe overall task of the interpretation went smoothly. However, in the process of accompanying the interpretation

52、, the author encountered many practical difficulties and obstacles. The following is the authors analysis of the problems encountered in this interpretation after the completion of the task.First, a limited grasp of the professional field. This task involves the biological specialty, which is very p

53、rofessional. Due to the wide range of topics and contents involved in the interpretation activities, it is difficult for the interpreter to be fully proficient in the translated field within the limited preparation time. Therefore, it is necessary to communicate with the interpreter in advance and d

54、eal with the number of professional terms and culture-loaded words to achieve efficient interpretation. In the process of interpreting, the author encountered many biological terms, names of plants and animals and culture-loaded words related to living things, which were difficult for him. This acti

55、vity referred to the English name and introduction of the exhibition area. However, due to the limited professional knowledge in the biological field, we may encounter some unknown contents in the interpretation process.Case 1 Speaker: 還有這邊是一些直翅目的昆蟲(chóng)，我們現(xiàn)在的校長(zhǎng)就是研究這一類的。Interpreter: Here are also some in

56、sects with straight wings. Our president majors in this area now. Analysis: In this sentence, a biological term orthoptera is mentioned, which is not involved in the pre-translation preparation process. Due to the lack of relevant professional vocabulary reserve, leading to the translation of profes

57、sional terms. The correct translation of this technical term should be orthoptera.Case 2Speaker：這邊的是一些竹螟類，很擅長(zhǎng)隱蔽，生活在竹子上,不容易被發(fā)現(xiàn)。Interpreter: Here are some bamboo insects. They are good at concealment living on bamboo. It is not easy to discover them.Analysis：A technical term for the classification of

58、insects is bamboo borer, which refers to the insects that stick to bamboo. In the process of translation, the author only translated it into bamboo insects, which is different from the actual meaning. The correct translation of this word is bamboo borerSecond, the difficulties in language transforma

59、tion. Translation is a process of bilingual transformation, and there are many differences between the two languages in many aspects, such as grammar, vocabulary and syntax. Interpreting requires memorizing quickly and switching to another language in a short time, which puts the author under great

60、psychological pressure in the process of translation. In many cases, due to the short reaction time, the train of thought is not clear enough, there are some mistakes in tense, vocabulary choice and sentence structure and so on.Case 3Speaker：這些獅子是來(lái)自保定動(dòng)物園，是咱們老師帶著學(xué)生一起做的。它們是一對(duì)兒，一雄一雌。Interpreter：These l