備戰(zhàn)2018年英語必考話題分類解析話題13交通(Transport)(含解析)

1、話題 13 交通（ Transport ）【話題解讀】世界上的交通方式多種多樣雪橇、馬車、自行車、汽車、輪船等等。輪子的發(fā)明和使用使人們的出行速度發(fā)生了翻天覆地的變化，輪子也是社會進(jìn)步的推進(jìn)者。遠(yuǎn)在天南地北、千里之外的新鮮果品，快速運到各地供人們嘗鮮；上學(xué)、上班、旅游、物資運輸、傳遞信息，可以風(fēng)雨無阻，這些都是公共交通帶給我們的好處，它既方便了人們的出行，又對減輕環(huán)境污染有重要的意義。高考試題對交通這一話題的考查以各種題型呈現(xiàn)著。如 2017 年新課標(biāo)卷 II 語法填空，2016 年北京卷完形填空， 2017 年天津卷閱讀理解C 篇， 2015 年江蘇卷書面表達(dá)， 2014 年新課標(biāo)卷II閱讀

2、理解D篇等?！鞠嚓P(guān)詞匯】I .重點單詞識記conveyvt.運送，輸送；表達(dá)postpone vt. 延遲，延期sectionn. 部分；部件；部門undertakevt. & vi. 承擔(dān)，從事；承諾，答應(yīng)authorityn. 權(quán)力，權(quán)威；官方，當(dāng)權(quán)者；批準(zhǔn)，授權(quán)enlarge vt. & vi. 擴(kuò)大，擴(kuò)展，增大anniversary n. 周年紀(jì)念日growth n. 增加，增長；成長，生長punctual adj. 準(zhǔn)時的，守時的arise vi. 出現(xiàn)，產(chǎn)生pedestrian n. 行人，步行者； adj. 行人 （ 使用 ） 的aggressive adj. 好斗的，挑釁的，富

3、于攻擊性的crash n. & vi. & vt. 撞車；碰撞；倒閉；崩潰fine vt. 處以罰金drunk adj. 喝醉的； n. 醉漢，酒鬼unbelievable adj. 非常壞 （或非常好、非常極端） 的，令人難以置信的f believe v.相信；認(rèn)為 fbelief n. 看法，信念enquiry n.詢問，咨詢；調(diào)查，查究，探究enquire v. 詢問，打聽annual adj.每年的，一年一次的 一annually adv. 一年一次地detail n.具體情況，詳情，細(xì)節(jié) 一detailed adj.詳細(xì)的，細(xì)致的departure n.離開，出發(fā)；背離，違反 一de

4、part v.離開，出發(fā)1. drop off中途下客或卸貨3. at （.） intervals每隔距離或時間5. make out辨認(rèn)出；理解，明白；假裝t由；使經(jīng)歷7. decide on/upon 決定，選定9. turn up 出現(xiàn)，到來；調(diào)高（音量等）11. a handful of 少數(shù)的，少量的13. speed up （ 使）加速引起15. apply to 適用于2. link up 聯(lián)合，連接4. break out 突發(fā)，爆發(fā)6. put through 給某人接通（電8. put off 推遲，推延；使反感10. fill in填寫（表格）；消磨（時間）12. spl

5、it up 分組，分解；分離14. arise from 起因于，由load n.負(fù)荷，負(fù)載；大量，許多； vt.裝載，裝上，裝入 一 unload vt.卸貨 n .重點短語識記話題在線為什么列車的座椅會如此丑陋不堪？No matter how many subway lines, buses, trams, trains, and other public conveyances we ride, we are rarely left with a positive impression of the upholstery. How does this happen?無論我們坐多少次地鐵、

6、公交車、電車、火車 和其它公共運輸工具，我們很少會對墊襯套留下一個好的印象。這是為什么呢?Excuse 1: The design constraints.理由之一：設(shè)計限制。Weask a lot of transport fabric. It has to be durable, since each seat will cradle hundreds of backsides a day. It has to last for years, be easy to clean, and it hasto be able to resist or disguise stains both a

7、ccidental and vandalistic. It must also seem clean, even when its not. Perhaps most important, it has to be safe: Fire, smoke, and smolder can be deadly, particularly dozens of feet underground in a poorly ventilated tunnel.我們需要大量用于交通的布料。它必須得耐用，因為每一個座位一天之內(nèi)會有很多人去坐。它必須得能夠用上很多年，易于打掃，并且必須得能夠抵抗或者是掩蓋無意或有意

8、留下的污點。它還必須得看起來干凈，即使是并非如此。也許最為重要的是，它必須得安全：火、 煙和悶燒是致命性的，尤其是在地下幾英尺、通風(fēng)條件較差的隧道里。Excuse 2: The design process.理由之二：設(shè)計流程。A design for a new railway coach is a tremendous get for a design firm like Wallace Sewell, but an updated Tube coach isnt the central assignment for a transport textile designer. Instea

9、d, most designers are working on branding for private coach companies or on small municipal lines. There, design as a civic good may not be the highest priority.對于像華萊士休厄爾這樣的設(shè)計公司來說，設(shè)計一種新的鐵路客車可以帶來巨大收益，但是更新地鐵并非交通紡織品設(shè)計師的核心任務(wù)。反而，大多數(shù)設(shè)計者在為民營長途公交公司或小型市政客運線的品牌推廣工作。在這里，利于公民的設(shè)計可能就不是優(yōu)先考慮的事情 了。Excuse 3: Fashion

10、is fickle.理由之三：時尚是變化無常的。 Its a trend industry now, says Newton. Transport fabrics follow fashion just like any other designed commodity, with big name artists and textile designers fighting to create the next classic moquette. But when fashion trends are less understated, so too is the design of you

11、r subway seat back.牛頓表示，現(xiàn)在這是一個時尚產(chǎn)業(yè)。跟任何其它設(shè)計的產(chǎn)品一樣，運輸紡織品也會緊隨潮流，大名鼎鼎的藝術(shù)家和紡織品設(shè)計師努力去創(chuàng)造下一個經(jīng)典的針織地毯。但是，當(dāng)流行趨勢惹人注目時，地鐵的座椅靠背的設(shè)計也會緊隨潮流。I wouldnt say its a bike for lazy people, which a lot of people think, whenthey think electr ic cycles.在迪拜的沙漠騎自行車我不會說這輛車適合懶人，雖然很多人一想到電動車時 都這么認(rèn)為。It was more like, an action bike.它

12、更像是一輛行動派的自行車。Something between a motorcycle and a normal cycle.這是一種介于摩托車和普通自行車之間的車。You can control the electric power, so you choosehow much you wanna use it, but the actual trial is really, really tiring. It gives you a good workout.你可以控制它的功率，所以可以選擇你用多大功率，但調(diào)試的過程真的很枯燥，運動量會很大。It was just a hobby, rea

13、lly, at the time it was an idea, a concept, you know, let me build my own bike.做這個車原先只是一個興趣，真的，那個時候還只有一個概念，你知道嗎，就是讓我弄 一個屬于我自己的自行車。And, I think it was about three months later, I did have my own bike.我想，可能差不多3個月之后，我終于有了屬于我自己的自行車。It was my own mountain bike. (Frankenstein.)就是我的山地車。(弗蘭肯斯坦)Yeah, definit

14、ely looked like a Frankenstein bike and you had batteries everywhere, wires everywhere.是的，從外觀上看它絕對是一輛可怕的自行車，到處都是電池，到處都是線。it was faster but it was just too scary to ride because it was just too light.它比普通的自行車更快，但是很嚇人，因為它太輕了。We thought, Okay, well at least the concept was there.我們想著，u好吧，至少有那個意思了。And t

15、hen were like, This could be a viable business and you know, electricIIbike was something that was growing in around the world.之后，我們的感覺差不多是這樣，“或許我們還能靠它掙點兒錢，你知道的，電動自行 車這種東西在全球范圍內(nèi)都越來越流行了。Wehave to design a bike which was more for the U.A.E. market, which is something you can take out and actually use

16、on the dunes.我們要設(shè)計一種專為阿聯(lián)酋市場打造的自行車，要設(shè)計一種你能夠把它騎出去在沙丘上 騎的自行車。Saluki, is a local dog breed, which is very skinny, its very fast and its quiet. 薩盧基狗是我們這里的一種土狗，非常瘦，但非?？?，而且很安靜。Its a desert dog so it really fits within our brand and thats why we picked it.它是一種沙漠狗，所以和我們的品牌非常搭，這也是我們選擇用它來作為我們的標(biāo)志的 原因。The fat bi

17、kes are made for the desert, mainly, and they can go up to 45 km per hour in the desert, quietly, without disturbing any wildlife, without creating any issues in the desert.粗輪自行車主要是為沙漠設(shè)計的，而且，它們在沙漠里的時速可達(dá)到45公里，很安靜，不會驚擾到野生動物，不會給沙漠造成任何問題。And its a really seamless drive.真的是零傷害的騎行。I mean, there was one of

18、 the amazing things when riding on the bike for the first time, you know, desert foxes, I saw desert rabbits, I saw bugs, I saw l izards, things I never saw riding my quad around in the back of the desert before.最神奇的事情就是，第一次騎這種車的時候，我看到了沙漠狐貍，我看到了沙漠兔，我 還看見了昆蟲、蜥蜴，而這些東西是我以前在沙漠中開車時所未曾見過的。And its just, in

19、 silence, its you and the wind.寂靜之中只有你和風(fēng)。It was phenomenal, just riding on the ridges of the sand dunes.沿著沙丘的邊沿騎過是一種非凡的體驗。And then, the sun goes down, its just amazing.之后，夕陽西下，那種景象簡直是不可思議。Youve gotta try it. I mean, one thing that weve noticed, anyone that gets on these bikes, they come back with a

20、big smile.你一定要嘗試以下，我是說，我們注意到，每個騎上這種車的人，歸來時都是春風(fēng)滿面。網(wǎng)約車在中國獲合法地位The Chinese government has formally legalised online car-hailing services, including San Francisco- based Uber and Beijing s Didi Chuxing, giving a boost to an industry that has operated in a grey area.中國政府已正式將網(wǎng)約車服務(wù)合法化，包括總部位于舊金山的優(yōu)步(Uber) 和北

21、京的滴滴出行 (Didi Chuxing) ，此舉讓這個一直在灰色地帶運營的行業(yè)獲得提振。Both groups welcomed the provisional rules, unveiled by the transport ministry yesterday, which Didi referred to as the world s first nationwide online ride-booking regulations .兩家公司都對中國交通部昨日公布的網(wǎng)絡(luò)預(yù)約出租汽車經(jīng)營服務(wù)管理暫行辦法表示歡迎，滴滴稱其為世界范圍內(nèi)頒布的第一個國家級的網(wǎng)約車法規(guī)。Uber said th

22、e regulations sent a clear message of support for ride-sharing and the benefits that it offers riders, drivers and cities .優(yōu)步表示， 暫行辦法體現(xiàn)了政府對網(wǎng)約車新業(yè)態(tài)的認(rèn)可和支持。China was a country that has consistently shown itself to be forward-thinking when it comes to business innovation , the US group added.優(yōu)步補(bǔ)充稱，中國在面對創(chuàng)

23、新時一直具有前瞻性。Car-hailing has been met with protests and bans in many countries, but Beijing has sought to co-opt the technology to promote economic growth.網(wǎng)約車服務(wù)在很多國家遭遇抗議和禁令，但中國政府尋求利用這種技術(shù)促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長。The car-hailing rules set a precedent for other industries in China such asfinance and healthcare where regula

24、tors are considering how much disruption can be tolerated from fast-moving internet companies.網(wǎng)約車規(guī)定為中國其他行業(yè)(例如金融和醫(yī)療)設(shè)立了先例，在這些行業(yè)，監(jiān)管者正考慮在多大程度上容忍快速發(fā)展的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)公司造成的顛覆性影響。Car-hailing has quickly grown from a niche sector to a large industry in China,where the ubiquity of smartphones has translated into million

25、s of rides a day. Didi has claimed to be handling 14m rides a day across its platforms, including licensedtaxis and car pooling as well as private car hailing.在中國， 網(wǎng)約車已迅速從一個小眾領(lǐng)域發(fā)展為一個大規(guī)模產(chǎn)業(yè)，智能手機(jī)的普及轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)槊咳諗?shù)百萬次出行。滴滴聲稱其平臺每天在處理1， 400 萬次的完成訂單，這個平臺包括有執(zhí)照的出租車和拼車以及專車服務(wù)。騎車上班更環(huán)保In many cities across the United Sta

26、tes, May 20 was Bike to Work Day. The day encourages people to try bicycling to work instead of driving or taking a bus or train.在美國很多城市， 5 月 20 日是騎車上班日。這一節(jié)日的設(shè)立是為了鼓勵人們騎車上班，而不是開車、乘坐公汽或火車。Biking has not always been a popular kind of transportation in the United States. But, in some cities, using a bik

27、e to commute is increasingly normal. The League of American Bicyclists we bsite says that, from 2000 to 2013, the numberof people whobiked to work regularly in the U.S. grew by 62 percent.在美國自行車并不是常用的交通工具。但在一些城市，騎車上下班越來越常見。美國騎車者聯(lián)盟網(wǎng)站表示，從 2000 年到 2013 年，美國經(jīng)常騎車上班的人數(shù)增長了62%。This year, bike to workday 201

28、6 even trended on Twitter Friday in the United States.今年， 2016 年騎車上班日甚至成為了美國推特周五的熱點事件。The League of American Bicyclists created National Bike Month in 1956. The month of May was chosen because it usually brings warmer weather. The month-long celebration aims to inspire cyclists and others to share t

29、he road and make biking moreenjoyable and popular in America.美國騎車者聯(lián)盟在1956 年設(shè)立了全國自行車月。選擇五月是因為五月的天氣通常比較溫暖。這一長達(dá)一個月的慶?；顒又荚诠膭铗T車者和其他人共用車道，讓騎車在美國更享受、 更受歡迎。National Bike to Work Day helps new bikers try cycling as a way to commute. In big U.S. cities, local bicycle groups provide Bike to Work Day participan

30、ts with food, drinks and support as they make their journeys.全國騎車上班日可以幫助新騎手嘗試騎車方式上下班。在美國大城市，當(dāng)?shù)刈孕熊噲F(tuán)體 為節(jié)日參與者在騎車途中提供食物、飲水和其他支持。The U.S. Census reported this year that around 1 million people regularly usea bicycle to get to work or school. But not everyone is interested in becoming a bike commuter.美國人口

31、普查局今年報告稱，大約有100 萬人經(jīng)常騎車上班或上學(xué)。但并非所有人都愿意成為騎車通勤者。Studies often cite the dangers of biking, especially in large cities with many cars. A 2007 study by the Centers for Disease Control found that you are two times as likely to die on a bike than in a car.研究總是顯示騎車具有危險性，尤其是在有很多汽車的大城市。美國疾病控制預(yù)防中心2007 年發(fā)布的一份研究表

32、明，騎車死亡的風(fēng)險是開車的兩倍。And, many U.S. cities do not yet have many bicycle lanes or bicycle-friendly roads. 而且，很多美國城市尚不具備自行車道或適合騎自行車的道路。Cycling, of course, does have many benefits. It is good for your heath. Research says that three hours of biking a week can reduce a person s risk of heart diseaseby 50 per

33、cent. Cycling is also environmentally friendly. And, it is cheaper than other forms of transportation. On social media Friday, people celebrated the benefits of biking.當(dāng)然騎車確實有很多好處，它對健康有益。研究稱，每周騎車3 個小時可以減少50%的心臟病風(fēng)險。騎車也很環(huán)保，而且，它比其他交通方式更實惠。周五活動當(dāng)天在社交媒體上， 人們贊美了騎車的好處。Here in Washington, DC, Bike to Work Da

34、y is especially important this year.Starting in June, many lines and stations along the district s metro rail systemwill be closed for long-term repairs. Not being able to use the train has many people wondering how they will get around.在華盛頓特區(qū)，騎車上班活動尤為重要。從6 月份開始，該區(qū)地鐵系統(tǒng)沿線的很多線路和站點都將長期關(guān)閉維修。不能坐地鐵讓很多人擔(dān)心出

35、行問題。One Twitter user joked that DC s metro system must just be a proud sponsor or supporter of Bike to Work Day.一位推特用戶開玩笑說，華盛頓特區(qū)的地鐵系統(tǒng)肯定是騎車上班日的贊助商或支持者。真題鏈接高考試題一（2017年新課標(biāo)卷II ）題型話題難度建議時間語法填空說明文地鐵的最初發(fā)展史10分鐘In 1863the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just unde

36、r seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible 61 (crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and 62_ work. It took three years tocomplete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging up the road, 63 (lay) the track and then building a strong roof over 64_ top. When

37、allthose had been done, the road surface was replaced.Steam engines 65 (use) to pull the carriages and it must have been 66 (fair)unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However,the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were

38、using 67 every day.Later, engineers 68(manage) to construct railways in a system of deeptunnels ( 隧道),which became known to the tube. This development was only possible with the 69(introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts. The centralLondon Railway was one of the most 70 (success) of these n

39、ew lines, and was opened in 1900. It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public.【話題解讀】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了地鐵的最初發(fā)展史。61.crowds【解析】考查名詞，此處表示復(fù)數(shù)概念，crowd前沒有冠詞，且它是可數(shù)名詞，故填 crowds。62.from【解析】考查介詞，to and from 來回，故填from。laying1解析】考查動詞,這里是由迪連接的三個動詞辿形式,故埴 的哈. theE解

40、析】考查名詞,top是名詞，前要用冠詞,故填生.were used【解析】考查被動語態(tài)此處表示過去的被動故填wereusedo.fairly【解析】考查副詞，這里 fair是形容詞，pleasant也是形容詞，所以需要將fair變?yōu)楦痹~來修飾形容詞，故填 fairly 。67.it【解析】考查代詞，這里用 it指代前句的railway,故填it。68.managed【解析】考查動詞，此處表示過去的情況，所以這里也應(yīng)用一般過去時，故填roduction【解析】考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換，空格前是the,后面應(yīng)該是名詞，故填名詞introduction 。70.successful【解

41、析】考查形容詞，空格前是 most,其后要跟形容詞構(gòu)成最高級，故填 successful 。高考試題二（2016年北京卷）題型話題難度建議時間完形填空記敘文接力送藥就兒童17分鐘A Race Against DeathIt was a cold January in 1925 in Nome, Alaska. The town was cut off from the rest of the world due to heavy snow.On the 20th of that month, Dr. Welch 36 a sick boy, Billy, and knew he had dip

42、htheria, a deadly infectious（ 傳染 的） disease mainly affecting children. The children of Nome would be 37 if it struck the town. Dr. Welch needed medicine as soon as possible to stop other kids from getting sick. 38 , the closest supply was over 1,000 miles away, in Anchorage.How could the medicine ge

43、t to Nome? The town s 39 was already full of ice,so it couldn t come by ship. Cars and horses couldnt travel on the40 roads.Jet airplanes and big trucks didnt exist yet.41 January 26, Billy and three other children had died. Twenty more were42 . Nome s town officials came up with a（n）43 . They would

44、 have the medicinesent by 44 from Anchorage to Nenana. From there, dogsled（狗拉雪橇）drivers 一known as mushers - would 45 it to Nome in a relay（接力）.The race began on January 27. The first musher, Shannon, picked up the medicinefrom the train at Nenana and rode all night. 46 he handed the medicine to the

45、next musher, Shannon s face was black from the extreme cold.On January 31, a musher named Seppala had to 47 a frozen body of water calledNorton Sound. It was the most 48 part of the journey. Norton Sound was coveredwith ice, which could sometimes break up without warning. If that happened, Seppalami

46、ght fall into the icy water below. He would 49 , and so would the sick childrenof Nome. But Seppala made it across.A huge snowstorm hit on February 1. A musher named Kaasen had to brave this storm.At one point, huge piles of snow blocked his 50 . He had to leave the trail （雪橇痕跡）to get around them. C

47、onditions were so bad that it was impossible for himto 51 the trail again. The only hope was Balto, Kaasen s lead dog. Balto puthis nose to the ground, 52 to find the smell of other dogs that had traveled onthe trail. If Balto failed, it would mean disaster for Nome. The minutes passed by.Suddenly,

48、Balto began to 53 . He had found the trail.At 5:30 am on February 2, Kaasen and his dog 54 in Nome. Within minutes, Dr.Welch had the medicine. He quickly gave it to the sick children. All of them recovered.Nome had been 55 .36. A. examinedB. warnedC. interviewedD. cured37. A. harmlessB. helplessC. f

49、earlessD. careless38. A. MoreoverB. ThereforeC. OtherwiseD. However39. A. airportB. stationC. harborD. border40. A. narrowB. snowyC. busyD.dirty41. A. FromB. OnC. ByD. After42. A. tiredB. upsetC. paleD. sick43. A. planB. excuseC. messageD. topic44. A. airB. railC. seaD. road45. A. carryB. returnC. m

50、ailD. give46. A. ThoughB. SinceC. WhenD. If47. A. enterB. moveC. visitD. cross48. A. shamefulB. boringC. dangerousD. foolish49. A. escapeB. bleedC. swimD. die50. A. memoryB. exitC. wayD. destination51. A. findB. fixC. passD. change52. A. pretendingB. tryingC. askingD. learning53. A. runB. leaveC. bi

51、teD. play54. A. gatheredB. stayedC. campedD. arrived55. A. controlledB. savedC. foundedD. developed【文章大意】文章講述了一個人們接力運送藥物來救患病兒童的感人故事。1925年1月份的阿拉斯加北部極其寒冷，由于大雪，諾姆小鎮(zhèn)與外界隔絕了。雪上加霜的是，那里的孩子患上了一種致命的傳染病一一白喉。為了拯救孩子們，人們接力運送藥品到諾姆。最終，人們通過狗拉的雪橇把藥物送到了諾姆。A A.examined 檢查；B.warned 警告；C.interviewed 采訪，面試；D.cured 治愈。醫(yī)生檢查

52、了一個生病的孩子，知道他患上了白喉，故選AoB A.harmless 無害的；B.helpless 無望的；C. fearless 不怕的；D.careless 粗心的。如果白喉肆虐諾姆，那里的孩子們都將毫無希望，故選BoD A.Moreover 而且；B.Therefore 因此；C.Otherwise 否則；D.However 然而。然而，最近的藥品供應(yīng)站距離諾姆一千多公里，前后是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故選 DC A.airport 機(jī)場；B.station 車站；C. harbor 港口； D.border 邊境。根據(jù)so itcouldn t come by ship 可知，這里指港口結(jié)冰，故選

53、C44)B Axarmw快窄的寧B. snowy被雪覆蓋的j Ubusy繁忙的寧Dduty臟的根據(jù)第一段可知，大雪覆蓋 了道路，汽車和馬都不能通行，故選S*C昆Fmm從，自# B, On在上面寧C.ByffiH,在之前)HAta在之后明時間”與完成時連用，后跟過去的時間，用過去完成時,;跟揩來的時間，用將來完成時，故選C。D A. tired勞累的；B. upset 難過白C. pale 蒼白的；D. sick 生病的。4個孩子相繼去世，還有20幾個孩子患病，故選 DoA A. plan 計劃；B. excuse 借口； C. message信息；D. topic 話題。當(dāng)?shù)氐墓賳T想到了一個計

54、劃，故選 AB A. air 空氣；B. rail 欄桿，鐵軌；C. sea海洋；D. road道路。根據(jù)下一段中的“from the train at Nenana 可知，藥物被用火車運到Nenana,故選 B。A A. carry 運送，攜帶；B. return 返回，歸還；C. mail郵寄；D. give 給。然后再由乘坐狗拉的雪橇的人把藥物接力送到諾姆，故選A。C A. Though 雖然；B. Since 因為，自從；C. When當(dāng)；D. If 如果。當(dāng)他把藥物交給下一個人時，他的臉已經(jīng)被凍得烏青，故選 CoD A. enter 進(jìn)入；B. move 移動；C. visit 拜訪

55、；D. cross 穿過。根據(jù) Norton Sound was covered with ice 可知，Norton Sound 是一片冰凍的水域，Seppala 必須穿過這片水域，故選 D=C A. 慚愧的3B boring 令人厭煩的寧 C. dangerous危險的 jD. foolish 愚蠢的。根據(jù)Miicb could sometimes break up without warning ”可知，這是旅途中最難的一部分，故選Co49一 D A. escape逃跑&區(qū)bked流血；C_ swim游泳；D.此死亡.如果掉進(jìn)塞冷的水中，Leppala會被凍死, 諾娉的病童們也會死，故選

56、D“C A. memory 記憶；B. exit 出口； C. way 道路；D. destination 目的地。根據(jù)下一句可知，有的地方被大雪擋住了去路，Seppala不得不繞道行駛，故選 Q TOC o 1-5 h z A A. find 找到；B. fix 固定，安裝；C. pass 通過；D. change 改變。當(dāng)時的天氣狀 況極差，Seppala找到雪橇軌道是不可能的，只能靠他的狗，故選A。B A. pretending 假裝；B. trying 努力；C. asking 問，要求；D. learning 學(xué)會。Seppala 的狗努力嗅著其它狗的氣味，故選 BoA A. run

57、 跑；B. leave 離開；C. bite 咬；D. play 玩耍。Seppala 的狗找到了軌道， 開始奔跑起來，故選A。D A. gathered 聚集；B. stayed 保持；C. camped 露營；D. arrived 到達(dá)。arrive insp到達(dá)某地，這里指終于到達(dá)諾姆，故選 DoB A. controlled 控制；B. saved 拯救；C. founded 建立；D. developed 發(fā)展。所有 的孩子都得到了救治，諾姆活了下來，故選Bo【試題分析】完形填空題的命題特點及答題方法：.側(cè)重基礎(chǔ)知識，考查學(xué)生對語言知識的運用能力完形填空以文入手，結(jié)合文章的內(nèi)容考查學(xué)

58、生的基礎(chǔ)知識，主要是詞語搭配、固定句型、 近義詞辨析、辨析句子結(jié)構(gòu)、掌握語法規(guī)則的能力，其中考查實詞居多。.上下文對照，考查學(xué)生捕捉關(guān)鍵詞的能力解完形填空題時，單獨看一句話是找不到正確答案的，需要注意句子間的關(guān)系及句子與 段落的關(guān)系。所謂上下對照，即在上文和下文中找到與正確答案相關(guān)的關(guān)鍵詞。因此，在做 題時要邊讀邊在大腦中儲存上下文信息，捕捉關(guān)鍵詞。例如第 39空：A.airport 機(jī)場； B.station 車站；C. harbor 港口 ； D.border 邊境。根據(jù)so it couldn t come by ship 可知，這里指港口結(jié)冰，故選Co.設(shè)置語境，考查學(xué)生的分析推理能力

59、旨在考查學(xué)生在選項都符合語法及句子結(jié)構(gòu)的情況下能否利用前后語境去推斷出正確答案。.結(jié)合生活，考查學(xué)生利用常識解題的能力目的是考查學(xué)生的生活常識，看看學(xué)生是否善于觀察生活，積累生活常識，能否利用常識去做恰當(dāng)?shù)倪x擇。.關(guān)注連詞，考查學(xué)生對行文邏輯、句子關(guān)聯(lián)的理解能力此項用來考查學(xué)生在缺少連詞的情況下，通過閱讀能否理解句子與句子之間的關(guān)系，是否了解行文邏輯的要求，能否掌握表示因果、轉(zhuǎn)折、并列、條件、讓步等的連詞的用法。例如第46空：A.Though雖然；B.Since因為，自從；C. When當(dāng)；D.If如果。當(dāng)他把藥物交給下一個人時，他的臉已經(jīng)被凍得烏青，故選 G高考試題三（2017年天津卷）題型

60、話題難度建議時間閱讀理解說明文-W型交通工具一一無人駕駛的全自動化的車輛負(fù)責(zé)8分鐘This month, Germany s transport minister, Alexander Dobrindt, proposed thefirst set of rules for autonomous vehicles（自主駕駛車輛 ）.They would define thedriver s role in such cars and gov ern how such cars perform in crashes where lives might be lost.The proposal a