八年級英語下冊Unit1Whatsthematter短語語法知識點匯總

1、教學(xué)資料參考參考范本2019-2020八年級英語下冊UnitlWhat1 sthematter短語語法知識A版人教新目標(biāo)版年 月 日部門一、必背短語Section A 部分1.患感冒have a cold2.胃痛have a stomachac3.喉嚨痛have a sore throat4.背痛have a sore back5.躺下休息lie down and rest6.量體溫take one s temp7.說得太多talk too much8.休息take breaks/a br9.下車get off10.拍X光片get an X-ray11.看見某人正在 做.see sb. doi

2、ng12.反復(fù)考慮think twice13.期待某人去做某 事expect sb. to do14.使驚訝的s surprise to on15.同意做某事agree to do sth.16.及時in time17.多虧，由于thanks to18.陷入困境：惹麻煩get into troubleSection B 部分L休息兒天rest for a few days2.把放下；低下down put3.告訴某人做某事tell sb. to do4.告訴某人不要去 做tell sb. not to5,做某事有問題/麻煩/困難have problems/trouble/difficulty (

3、in) doing sth6.對感興趣be interested in7.習(xí)慣于做某事be used to doing8.過去常常做某事used to do sth9.冒險take risks/a ris：10 .由于/因為 +n /pron.because of11 .處于險境in a dangerous s2/2212.處于困境in a difficult situation13.用盡，耗光run out (of)14.準(zhǔn)備/樂于做某事be ready to do15.切除cut off16.如此以至于sothat17.以便于：為了so that/in order18.離開；從.出來get

4、 out of19.做決定make decisions/a20.掌控，管理be in control of21.的重要性the importance22.放棄give up23.用繃帶包扎put a bandage o24.繼續(xù)做某事keep on doing25.似乎/好像做某 事seem to do【教材內(nèi)容解析】Section AWhats the matter? (P. 1) l.Whats the matter 意為“怎么了？出什么事了 用來詢問對方遇到什么麻煩或者有什么不順心的事，后接With sb./sth.表示“某, 怎么了” O可以表示“你怎么了？ ”的句子有：. .I ha

5、ve a stomachache. (P. 1) 2. stomachache 用作名詞，表示“胃疼、腹疼”，力 合名詞，含有后綴ache的常見復(fù)合詞還有：3/22頭痛;牙痛;耳痛have a sore throat (P. 1) 3. sore是形容詞，意為“疼痛的，酸痛的“可作定語或表語。常見短語：喉嚨痛：后背痛：lie down and rest. (P. 2) 4. (1). lie down 意為“躺下【拓展1】lie用作動詞可以表示“躺”或者“位于”，還可以表示“撒謊”。She is lying in bed with a bad cold. 英譯漢Beijing lies in

6、the north of China.英譯漢It is a bad habit to lie. 英譯漢【拓展2】lie及l(fā)ay 一詞多義原形過去式過去分詞現(xiàn)在分詞lie (躺、位于)laylainlyinglie (撒謊)liedliedlyinglay (放置、下 蛋)laid (laidlaying4/22(2). rest示“休息”，常用的短語為5. maybeperhaps 6. need詞時，后接動詞 原形；作實義動詞時，后接名詞或者動詞不定式(t。do (詞；)A.情態(tài)動詞;7.moving. (P. without反義詞是記憶口訣：規(guī)則撒謊，不規(guī)則躺；躺過下蛋，下蛋不規(guī)則。此處用

7、作動詞，表示“休息”，rest也可以用作名詞，表“休息”：例句:Lets stop working and have a rest.Maybe you have a fever. (P. 2)作副詞，表示“可能、也許，常常放 在句首，相當(dāng)于，可以與may be相互轉(zhuǎn)換。Maybe he is a foreigner.=He may be a foreigner.You need to take breaks away from the computer. (P. 2) 作動詞時，不僅 可以作情態(tài)動詞，還可以作實義動詞，作情態(tài)動)作賓語。You needn，t go to the meeting

8、 too early.判斷劃線詞性 )A.情態(tài)動詞；B.實義動詞We need three more workers.判斷劃線詞性()A.情態(tài)動B.實義動詞He doesn，t need to worry too much.判斷劃線詞性(B.實義動詞Yeah, I think I sat in the same way for too long without用作介詞，表示“無、沒有”，后接名詞、代詞或者動名詞，Witho5/22They left (with) saying goodbye.(用所給詞的確形 式填空We cant live (with) air and water. (用所給

9、詞正 確形式填空If your head and neck still hurt tomorrow, then go to a8 doc tor. (P. 2本句是含i引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句的主從復(fù)合句，可遵循三條原則(1)主將從現(xiàn)：即主句用一般將來時態(tài)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)(2)主祈從現(xiàn)：即主句為祈使句，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)(3)主情從現(xiàn)：即主句含有情態(tài)動詞，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)翻譯句子：如果明天下雨，我將不會去公園翻譯句子：如果明天不下雨，我們會去野餐翻譯句子：如果你不擅長英語，你可以向老師尋求幫助when the driver saw an old man lying on the side of

10、 the9road. (P. 3. see sb. doing sth看見某人正在做某事，強調(diào)所看到的動正在進(jìn)行6/22翻譯：I saw her dancing in the park at six yesterday. see sb do sth看到某人做了或經(jīng)常做某事。翻譯：I often see her dance in the park.The bus driver. . . stopped the bus without thinking twice.10. (P. 3)(1). think twice意為“再三考慮、權(quán)衡利弊”。翻譯：You should think twice b

11、efore you make the final decision.【拓展】think的相關(guān)短語think about 思考、考慮；think of 想起、認(rèn)為；think仔細(xì)考慮overHe got off and asked the woman what happened. (P. 3) 11. get off意為“下車”，反義詞是get on “上車二翻譯：Before getting off the bus, you should take care.sth. happens 1“必須、不得不. happen表示“發(fā)生”的時候，作不及物動詞，常用的結(jié)構(gòu)為： 人發(fā)生了某事二翻譯： An

12、accident happened to him yesterday and now he lies in hospital.Mr. Wang knew he had to act quickly. (P. 3) 12. have to 表示 觀上的必須，must側(cè)重于個人意志和主觀上的必須。翻譯： We have to walk home because the car has broken down.翻譯：We must study hard.7/22He expected most or all of the passengers to get off andwait for the n

13、ext bus. (P. 3)expect的常見用法： expect to do sth.期待做某事 翻譯：The fans are expecting to see the football star. expect sb. to do sth.期待某人做某事翻譯：The man expects his son to pass the exam successfully.(2) wait的常見用法：wait for sb./sth.等待某人或者某事”翻譯：We are waiting for the result of the exam.wait to do sth.等待做某事”翻譯： Al

14、l the passengers are waiting to get on the bus.can，t wait to do sth.“迫不及待做某事”翻譯：The children cant wait to rush out after the class is over.But to his surprise, they all agreed to go with him. (P.3) agree with sb. 同意某人翻譯：I cant agree with you more.agree to sth.同意某事翻譯：Do you agree to the plan?agree on

15、 sth.在某事上達(dá)成一致意見翻譯：They finally agreed on the design of the bridge.8/22agree to do sth.同意做某翻譯 Her parents dot agree to marry ) their daughter to the manThanks to Mr. Wang and the passengers, the man was saved 15by the doc tors in time. (P. 3. thanks t表示“多虧、由于，后接名詞或代詞，作原因語, 相當(dāng) because o翻譯 Thanks to th

16、e warm and sunny weather, oranges grow well here. in time “及時”強調(diào)正好趕上事先約定的時間，沒有遲到 翻譯 I am just in time for the plane【拓展on time “按時”指按計劃做某事，強調(diào)不遲到，不早晚 翻譯 Please hand in your homework on time.Its sad that many people dont want to help others 16because they don，t want any trouble, “ says one passenger. (

17、P. 3本句是“It is+形容+tha從句”，句中i作形式主語，代(1真正的主 tha從句翻譯 It is important that we should protect the environment (2) other:意為“別的、其它的”，常用來修飾可數(shù)名詞the other:表示“兩者中另一個”，是特指the othe之后也可以加復(fù)數(shù)名詞，特指“其它的”9/22another:表示三者中另一個“。others:用作代詞，泛指“其他的人或物”是復(fù)數(shù)概念。the others:特指在一個整體中的“其余的人或物(全部)工翻譯：We study Chinese, English, Math

18、 and other subjects.翻譯：There are three people in the room. One is a girl and the other two are boys.翻譯：You should think of others.翻譯：There are fifty-five students in our class. Thirty ofus are girls and the others are boys.Bus No. 26 hit an old man on Zhonghua Road. 26. (P. 3) 17.hit表示“撞擊、打擊”,表示“打某人

19、某個部位”時用“hit sb. +介詞(on, in) 部位”,若打的部位較硬用on,打的部位較軟用in。翻譯：The man hit the little boy in the face.The old man had a heart problem and needed to go to the18. hospital right away. (P. 3)right away意為“立刻、馬上”,相當(dāng)于at once或者rightnowoSection BSomeone felt sick. (P. 5) L sick用作形容詞,意為“生病的、有病的”,可以彳 表語，而ill表示“生病的”，

20、只能用作表語。I have to look after my sick grandpa. 問：sick 在止匕處作 語。10/22The old woman is seriously sick/ill. 問：ill 在此處作 語。have problems brea thing (P. 6) 2. have problems (in) doing sth. 意為 “彳 問題/麻煩”，相當(dāng)于：have trouble/difficulty (in) doing sth.。翻譯：She has problems (in) riding a bike.As a mountain climber, A

21、ron is used to taking risks. (P. 6) 3. as用作介詞，表示“作為、身為:As a student, you should study hard. 辨析： used to do sth； be used to do sth； 與 be /getused to doing sth翻譯： 翻譯：used to do sth.過去常常做某事記憶口訣:used to do常常過；be used to被用做；be used to de習(xí)慣做be used to do sth.被用來做某事be /get used to doing sth.習(xí)慣于做某事The boy u

22、sed to play computer games. More and more wood （木材） is used to mak11/22翻譯：His father is used to watching TV before going to bed.risk表示“冒險時”，既可以作名詞，也可以作動詞，作名詞常和動詞take連 risk “冒險”；作動詞時，后接動名詞作賓語。The fireman took the risk of losing his life and saved theboy from the burning building.翻譯：There were many ti

23、mes when Aron almost lost his lifebecause of accidents. (P. 6)because of意為“因為，由于”，后跟名詞短語。在句中常和because引導(dǎo)的原因 用，不過because后面跟句子。翻譯：We cant go out because it rains heavily. =We cantgo out because of the heavy rain.例題： 一Did you have a sports meeting yesterday?一No, we didnt. It was put off the heavy rain.1

24、2/22Instead of B. because of C. as for A. D. across fromBut when his water ran out, he knew that he would have todo something to save his own life. (P. 6)run out意為“用盡、用完”，后接賓語時，需要加上介詞of。 翻譯：They ran ot money.(2)動詞不定式短語to save his own life在句子作目的狀語。動詞不定式構(gòu)成 可位于句首，用逗號與主句隔開，也可以位于謂語動詞之后。翻譯：To learn Japane

25、se, she went to Japan.翻譯：You should work hard to get good grades.He was not ready to die that day. (P. 6) 6. be/get ready for sth. “為 The students are reviewing (復(fù)習(xí))lessons to get ready for the coming final exams.翻譯：be/get ready to do sth. “準(zhǔn)備做某事、樂意做某事”The kind girl is ready to help anyone in troubl

26、e.13/22翻譯:Then, with his left arm, he bandaged himself so that hewould not lose too much blood. (P 6)so that引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句，用以說明主句動作的目的，可以與in order tha 句經(jīng)常會出現(xiàn)表示“能夠的情態(tài)動詞”，如can, could, may, might, will, would 翻譯：We started early so that we could catch the first train.翻譯：He studies hard so that he could find

27、a good job in the future.翻譯： We used the computer in order that we might save time.14/22too much用來修飾不可數(shù)名詞或者動詞，much too用來修飾形容詞或者副詞。翻譯：There is too much pollution today.翻譯：The doctor asked him to lose weight because he was much too fat.After losing his arm, he wrote a book called Between a Rockand a H

28、ard Place. (P. 6)called此處為動詞的過去分詞作定語，意為“被稱為、被叫作，與named同義。翻譯：This is a book named/called Journey to the West.翻譯：The Greens have a daughter named/called Kate.This means being in a difficult situation that you cannotseem to get out of. (P. 6)15/22seem用作系動詞，表示“似乎、好像”，常用的結(jié)構(gòu)有：seem+adj./to be/that+句 翻譯:The

29、 story seems true.翻譯：What he said seemed to be a lie.翻譯：It seems that they are going to work all weekend.In this book, Aron tells of the importance of making gooddecisions, and of being in control of ones life. (P. 6) make a decision 或者 make decisions 表示“做出決定(1) 翻譯：他們期待你來做出決定。in control of意為“控制、管理(2

30、)翻譯：Who is in control of the project (項目)？(3). the importance of sth/doing sth.(做)某事的重要性翻譯：Most students dont know the importance of studyinghard.16/22His love for mountain climbing is so great that he kept on11.climbing mountains even after this experience. (P- 6)(1)在由so. that引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句中，so是副詞，與形容詞連

31、用。其結(jié)構(gòu)是:形容詞(副詞)+ that +從句”。翻譯：He was so glad that he couldnt say a word.翻譯：The hall is so big that it can hold 2, 000 people.翻譯：Grandmother lives so far away that we hardly ever see her.(2). keep on doing sth.意為“繼續(xù)做某事”，強調(diào)繼續(xù)或者重復(fù)做某事。彳列句：You shouldnt keep on thinking about it.Aron loves mountain climbin

32、g and doesn, t mind takingrisks. (P. 7)mind doing sth.介意做某事翻譯： Would you mind opening the window please?17/22mind sbs/sb doing sth.介意某人做某事翻譯：Do you mind my/me calling you at night?Aron did not give up after the accident and keeps onclimbing mountains today. (P. 7)give up表示“放棄”，后接名詞、代詞或者動名詞作賓語。翻譯：Don

33、t give up your dream easily.翻譯：He has given up playing computer games.【語法講解】should和shouldnt表示建議（一）Should為情態(tài)動詞，意為“應(yīng)該；應(yīng)當(dāng)，否 shouldnt,. 1其后接動詞原形，無人稱和數(shù)的變化。常用來表示征詢意見、建議、 求或義務(wù)等。翻譯：你應(yīng)該喝加有蜂蜜的熱水。翻譯：He should put his head back翻譯：你不應(yīng)該看電視。18/22Should用于主語為第一人稱的疑問句，表示征詢意見。2.翻譯：我應(yīng)當(dāng)給它敷翻譯：我們應(yīng)該告訴她這件事嗎？【拓展】在英語中，表示建議的說法

34、有很多，而且都是中考考查的重點。主要結(jié)構(gòu):Would you like (to do) sth. ?你想要/愿意(做)某事嗎？翻譯：你想要和我一起打籃球嗎？Shall I/we do sth ?我/我們做？好嗎？翻譯：明天我們?nèi)游飯@，好嗎? Why not do sth ?為什么不呢？翻譯：為什么不給她量下體溫呢？How/What about doing sth ?做某事怎么樣？ 翻譯：去游泳怎么樣？Lets do sth讓我們做吧。翻譯：咱們回家吧。Youd better (not) do sth你最好(不)要做某事。19/22翻譯：你最好不要獨自去那兒。反身代詞(二)1.反身代詞可以用作一些動詞(短語)或介詞的賓語，此時，句子白 語必須同一個人或物。. We must look after ourselves and keep fit.我們必須照顧好自己，保持身體健康。. She often buys herself nice clothes.她經(jīng)常為自己買漂亮的衣服。. Don，t think too much of yourself!別過多地為自己考慮！.反身代詞在句中還可以用作主語或賓語的同位語，用來加強語氣，表示“親自、 身”等意思。但反身代詞在句中不能單獨作主語。如：. I dont need any