2018年下半年CATTI英語(yǔ)二級(jí)筆譯實(shí)務(wù)真題-真題(含答案與解析)-交互

1、2018年下半年CATTI英語(yǔ)二級(jí)筆譯實(shí)務(wù)真題 (總分100,做題時(shí)間180分鐘) 英譯漢 1.Passage 1New drone footage gives a glimpse of the damage that parts of Hawaiis Big Island sustained in the wake of volcanic explosions in recent days.Smoke can be seen billowing off the lava as it creeps down roads and through wooded areas toward homes

2、.Fires are visible with terrifying streams of brightness breaking through the surrounding areas of black.After a day of relative calm, Kilauea roared back in full force on Sunday, spewing lava 3,00 feet in the air, encroaching on a half mile of new ground and bringing the total number of destroyed s

3、tructures to 35.There have been 1,800 residents evacuated from their homes in the Leilani Estates and Lanipuna Gardens neighborhoods where cracks have been opening and spilling lava.In evacuated areas with relatively low sulfur dioxide levels, residents were allowed to return home for a few hours to

4、 collect belongings on Sunday and Monday. Officials said those residents - a little more than half of the evacuees - were allowed to return briefly, and Magno said they would continue to allow residents in if it could be done safely.Things got pretty active, an official said at a Saturday press conf

5、erence. The eight volcanoes were pretty active, to the point where lava was spewing and the flow started spreading so we got additional damage out there. Im not sure what the count is, but we thought it was just continue to go. Fortunately, seismicity has laid down and the vents have gone quiet now.

6、 But officials had cautioned that while the lava flow was quiet, it wouldnt be for long. More volcanoes could open up, the existing ones could get active again. Theres a lot of lava or magma under the ground so eventually its going to come up.The island was also rocked by a 6.9-magnitude earthquake

7、on Friday, which caused landslides near the coast, but minimal structural damage. The United States Geological Survey (USGS) said Sunday the island had experienced more than 500 earthquakes -13 with a magnitude greater than 4.0 - in the 24 hours following the 6.9-magnitude quake.The concern for resi

8、dents continues to be the lava and gas emitted from vents, though. This is lava, that is definitely destroying peoples homes - we dont have an exact count -but it is a devastating situation and its going to be everydaythat it goes on, Hawaii County Managing Director Wil Okabe said Saturday. Mother n

9、ature, theres no way we couldve predicted this.SSS_TEXT_QUSI分值：25 答案： 近日，無(wú)人機(jī)新拍攝到的畫(huà)面展現(xiàn)了夏威夷大島（ Hawaiis Big Island ）在火 山噴發(fā)后的破壞景象：巖漿順著道路緩慢流淌，穿過(guò)樹(shù)林，朝著村舍進(jìn)發(fā)，產(chǎn) 生的煙霧翻滾升騰。熊熊烈火閃耀著光芒，照亮四周的黑色區(qū)域。經(jīng)過(guò)一天的 相對(duì)平靜期，基拉韋厄火山（Kilauea ）于周日再次全力爆發(fā)，噴射出的巖漿高 達(dá)300英尺，半英里土地被侵蝕，總共摧毀了 35棟房屋。在地裂和巖漿噴發(fā)地 區(qū)，1800名居民撤離他們居住的社區(qū)。而在二氧化硫水平相對(duì)較低的地方，居

10、 民則被允許在周日和周一抽幾個(gè)小時(shí)回家拿出自己所需的物品。政府官員表 示，在確保安全的情況下，大部分被疏散的居民可以暫時(shí)回家，后期他們還會(huì) 允許更多的居民回家。在周六舉行的新聞發(fā)布會(huì)上，一名政府官員表示：“一切都變得活躍起來(lái)。八 座火山活動(dòng)頻繁，火山噴發(fā)后巖漿開(kāi)始四處擴(kuò)散，致使我們?cè)馐茴~外損失。我 不確定具體的數(shù)據(jù)，但我們認(rèn)為損失還會(huì)持續(xù)增加。幸運(yùn)的是，現(xiàn)在震級(jí)已經(jīng) 有所減弱，火山活動(dòng)也平息下來(lái)了?！钡賳T警告稱，雖然巖漿的流動(dòng)慢 了下來(lái)，但并不會(huì)持續(xù)很久。還會(huì)有更多火山爆發(fā)，已經(jīng)爆發(fā)過(guò)的火山也有可 能再次活躍起來(lái)。地表下有大量巖漿，這些巖漿最終都會(huì)噴發(fā)。周五，大島發(fā) 生了 6.9級(jí)地震，

11、致使沿岸地區(qū)附近遭遇山體滑坡，但房屋損壞較少。周日， 美國(guó)地質(zhì)調(diào)查局（USGS宸示，在6.9級(jí)地震爆發(fā)后的24小時(shí)內(nèi)，該島嶼又發(fā)生 了 500多次余震，其中13次震級(jí)超過(guò)4.0級(jí)。然而，居民擔(dān)心的仍然是巖漿和 火山排放的氣體。夏威夷縣長(zhǎng)表示：“火山巖肯定會(huì)摧毀居民住所，我們無(wú)法 知曉確切的數(shù)字，但整體來(lái)說(shuō)是災(zāi)難性的。我們沒(méi)有辦法預(yù)測(cè)這種情況?！?.Passage 2Just as in America, in Britain too, the story told by official statistics does not always match peoples experience.

12、That is especially true in places like Newcastle, a former shipbuilding city, which lost out to competition from Asia in the 1970s and has seen living standards stagnate ever since. The U.S. economy, we are told, is booming. In the past two quarters, gross domestic product has risen by more than 3%,

13、 the stock market is soaring and unemployment is down to a 17-year low of 4.1%. Many people, though, dont feel that upside.The perception gap is huge. Unemployment, more broadlymeasured, is higher than the headline number suggests because many people have simply given up looking for work or are work

14、ing in parttime jobs when they want a full-time job. One of the prime faults of GDP is that it deals in averages and aggregates. Aggregates hide the nuances of inequality. And averages dont tell us very much at all.Barring a few recessions, the U.S. economy has been on a near relentless upward path

15、since the 1950s. Yet according to a Pew Research Center report, the average hourly wage for nonmanagement private-sector work was $20.67 in 2014, a measly $1.49 higher than in 1964, adjusted for inflation.Studies suggest that people care more about relative than absolute wealth. If that is true, the

16、n as a minority have become richer, the majority have grown more miserable. In a famous experiment carried out at Emory University, two capuchin monkeys were put side by side and given cucumbers as a reward for performing a task. When one of the monkeys was given better-tasting grapes instead, the m

17、onkey receiving cucumbers became distraught, flinging its now despised reward at its trainer.The problems with using GDP as a barometer go beyond masking inequality. Invented in the U.S. in the 1930s, the figure is a child of the manufacturing age- good at measuringphysical production but not the se

18、rvices that dominate modern economies. How would GDP measure the quality of mental-health care or the availability of day-care centers and parks in your area?Even the Belarusian economist who practically invented GDP, had doubts about his creation. He did not like the fact that it counted armaments

19、and financial speculation as positive outputs. Above all, he said, GDP should never be confused with well-being. That suggests we need to find different ways of measuring our success. For the most part, we have become enraptured with a single measure that offers only limited information.答案:正如在美國(guó)和英國(guó)一

20、樣，官方統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)所講述的故事并不總是符合人們的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。這在紐卡斯?fàn)栠@樣的地方尤其如此，紐卡斯?fàn)栐且蛔齑鞘?，?20世紀(jì)70年代輸給了亞洲的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，從此生活水平停滯不前。據(jù)說(shuō)，美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)正在蓬勃發(fā)展。在過(guò)去的兩個(gè)季度里，國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值增長(zhǎng)了3%Z上，股市飆升，失業(yè)率降至17年來(lái)的4.1%的最低水平。不過(guò)，很多人并沒(méi)有這種感覺(jué)，這種感覺(jué)差距是巨大的。更廣泛地衡量失業(yè)率，比標(biāo)題數(shù)字所顯示的要高，因?yàn)樵S多人 只是放棄了找工作，或者在想找全職工作的時(shí)候做兼職。國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值的一個(gè) 主要缺點(diǎn)是它處理的是平均數(shù)和總量。聚合隱藏了不平等的細(xì)微差別。平均值 并不能告訴我們很多。除了幾次經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退外，美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)自20世紀(jì)

21、50年代以來(lái)一直在近乎無(wú)情地向上 攀升。然而，根據(jù)皮尤研究中心的一份報(bào)告， 2014年非管理私營(yíng)部門(mén)工作的平 均小時(shí)工資為20.67美元，比1964年略高1.49美元，并根據(jù)通貨膨脹進(jìn)行了 調(diào)整。研究表示，人們更關(guān)心是相對(duì)財(cái)富而非絕對(duì)財(cái)富。若情況屬實(shí)，一少部分人將 變得更加富有，而大多數(shù)人則會(huì)變得越來(lái)越窮。埃默里大學(xué)（ Emory University ）做過(guò)一項(xiàng)有名的實(shí)驗(yàn)，他們將兩只猴子并排放置，每完成一項(xiàng)任 務(wù)就將獲得一根黃瓜作為獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。當(dāng)其中一只猴子的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)變成了更好吃的葡萄 后，另外那只得到黃瓜的猴子就變得煩躁不安，并把現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不再看重的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì) 扔向訓(xùn)練員。國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值（GDP指標(biāo)實(shí)際上掩蓋

22、了不平等問(wèn)題。國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總 值（GDP這個(gè)概念誕生于20世紀(jì)30年代的美國(guó)，是制造業(yè)時(shí)代的產(chǎn)物，適合 衡量物質(zhì)生產(chǎn)，但不擅長(zhǎng)衡量主導(dǎo)現(xiàn)代經(jīng)濟(jì)的服務(wù)業(yè)。國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值（ GDP能 衡量心理健康保健的質(zhì)量，或者你所在社區(qū)的日托中心和公園的使用率嗎？即 便真正發(fā)明國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值（GDP概念的白俄羅斯經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家也不喜歡這個(gè)指標(biāo)將 軍備和金融投機(jī)量化為實(shí)際產(chǎn)出值的事實(shí)?？傊硎?，決不能將國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn) 總值（GDP與民生混為一談。這表明，我們需要采用各種方式來(lái)衡量經(jīng)濟(jì)成 功。大多數(shù)情況下，我們只對(duì)僅能提供有限信息的單一指標(biāo)情有獨(dú)鐘。漢譯英 3.Passage 1互聯(lián)網(wǎng)是一個(gè)社會(huì)信息大平臺(tái)，億萬(wàn)網(wǎng)民在上面獲得信息、

23、交流信息，這會(huì)對(duì) 他們的求知途徑、思維方式、價(jià)值觀念產(chǎn)生重要影響，特別是會(huì)對(duì)他們、對(duì)國(guó) 家、對(duì)社會(huì)、對(duì)工作、對(duì)人生的看法產(chǎn)生重要影響。網(wǎng)民來(lái)自老百姓，老百姓 上了網(wǎng)，民意也就上了網(wǎng)。各級(jí)黨政機(jī)關(guān)和領(lǐng)導(dǎo)干部要學(xué)會(huì)通過(guò)網(wǎng)絡(luò)與公眾保 持聯(lián)系，經(jīng)常上網(wǎng)，看看，聊聊天、發(fā)發(fā)聲，了解群眾所思所愿，收集好想法 好建議，積極回應(yīng)網(wǎng)民關(guān)切、解疑釋惑。網(wǎng)民大多數(shù)是普通群眾，來(lái)自各行各業(yè)，各自經(jīng)歷不同，觀點(diǎn)和想法肯定是五 花八門(mén)的，不能要求他們對(duì)所有問(wèn)題都看得那么準(zhǔn)、說(shuō)得那么對(duì)。要多一些包 容和耐心，對(duì)建設(shè)性意見(jiàn)要及時(shí)吸納，對(duì)困難的人要及時(shí)幫助，對(duì)不了解情況 的要及時(shí)宣介，對(duì)模糊認(rèn)識(shí)要及時(shí)廓清，對(duì)怨氣怨言要及時(shí)化解

24、，對(duì)錯(cuò)誤看法 要及時(shí)引導(dǎo)和糾正。SSS_TEXT_QUSTI分值：25 答案：As a broad social platform through which millions upon millions of users obtain and exchange information, the internet has a profound influence on the way people acquire knowledge, on the way they think, and also on their values and views. In particular, it inf

25、luences the way that people view the country, society, their jobs and also their lives. Netizens are members of the general public. If members of the public go online, so does public opinion. Party and government organs and their leaders must learn to stay in touch with the people through the intern

26、et. They should go online regularly, observing, chatting and posting *ments. They need to know what the people think and want, gather good ideas and suggestions, and actively respond to their concerns, answer their queries and remove their doubts.The majority of netizens are ordinary people *e from

27、different walks of life and have different life experiences. Their views and opinions are sure to vary greatly, and we cannot expect them to always be right about everything and correct in what they say. More tolerance and patience are therefore required. We need to promptly take constructive sugges

28、tions, afford assistance to those who are in difficulties, tell the truth to those in the dark, offer clarification to those confused about certain issues, help pacify those who bear a grudge against something, and guide those with erroneous views and correct their misunderstandings.4.Passage 2當(dāng)今，世界

29、各國(guó)的實(shí)力較量涉及諸多因素，其中最重要的一個(gè)要素是市場(chǎng)規(guī) 模。哪個(gè)國(guó)家的市場(chǎng)大，對(duì)其他國(guó)家的吸引力就越大，也越容易處于領(lǐng)先地 位。中國(guó)有14億人口，這就決定了它擁有世界上最大的消費(fèi)市場(chǎng)。經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家都 認(rèn)為，過(guò)去這些年，中國(guó)市場(chǎng)發(fā)展的速度是世界上最快的。連續(xù)九年，中國(guó)是世界上最大的汽車市場(chǎng)。2016年，美國(guó)銷售了 1,700萬(wàn)輛汽車，同年中國(guó)則銷售了 2400萬(wàn)輛。其中在中國(guó)的美國(guó)合資公司銷售的汽車占比 很大。中國(guó)還是世界上最大的智能手機(jī)市場(chǎng)，也是最大的服裝、電商、國(guó)內(nèi)旅 游和農(nóng)產(chǎn)品市場(chǎng)。中國(guó)市場(chǎng)展現(xiàn)了驚人的發(fā)展?jié)摿?。在中?guó)，中產(chǎn)和富裕階層1人士迅速增長(zhǎng)，年輕人有了全新的消費(fèi)習(xí)慣，線上線下銷售渠道覆蓋了全國(guó)各 地。隨著醫(yī)療、養(yǎng)老產(chǎn)業(yè)不斷發(fā)展，還將進(jìn)一步提升中國(guó)人的消費(fèi)能力。SSS_TEXT_QUSI分值：25 答案：Nowadays the strength of countries in the world involves many factors, with market size being the most important one. The bigger the market, the more attractive it is to other countries and the more likely it is in a lead